CN103308337A - Machine tool loading device and machine tool loading test method based on planar two-linear force mechanism - Google Patents
Machine tool loading device and machine tool loading test method based on planar two-linear force mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN103308337A CN103308337A CN201310211406XA CN201310211406A CN103308337A CN 103308337 A CN103308337 A CN 103308337A CN 201310211406X A CN201310211406X A CN 201310211406XA CN 201310211406 A CN201310211406 A CN 201310211406A CN 103308337 A CN103308337 A CN 103308337A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine tool loading device based on a planar two-linear force mechanism. The machine tool loading device is composed of a mechanical loading platform and a loading control system, wherein a linear guiderail base of the mechanical loading platform is fixed on a working table of a numerically-controlled machine tool; the mechanical loading platform is connected with a machine tool spindle through a dedicated loading unit, so that the condition that the mechanical loading platform is loaded to the machine tool spindle is realized; the control system is used for controlling the mechanical loading platform; a machine tool loading test method based on the planar two-linear force mechanism comprises the following three steps of: 1, clamping the mechanical loading platform; 2, initializing the mechanical loading platform; and 3, actually loading. The machine tool loading device and the machine tool loading test method based on the planar two-linear force mechanism have certain generality, can be widely applied to loading test of coplanar two-dimensional force and moment of various types of vertical numerically-controlled machine tools, so as to obtain performance parameters of the machine tools in a stimulation working condition, and provide test accordance for further improving the performance of the numerically-controlled machine tool.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lathe charger and load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanisms, especially relate to a kind of multiaxis charger and load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanisms that can be applied to the main shaft of numerical control machine tool loading.Belong to the simulation loading equipment technical field.
Background technology
Numerically-controlled machine is the visual plant of equipment manufacture, and China has become the big lathe of the first in the world country of consumption at present, yet external imported product has but been dominated domestic lathe market, middle and high end.One of key factor that causes this phenomenon is exactly that the reliability of homemade lathe and external product exist bigger gap.At present, the reliability of the homemade high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools of China is not high, except basic links such as key components and parts, manufacturing process, influences another key factor of numerically-controlled machine reliability, is exactly to lack necessary overall test means.
Loading experiment is an important component part of carrying out the lathe system test.Namely under the simulated machine tool duty, machine tool chief axis is applied the load that surpasses normal use at least, investigate the reliability of lathe with this.Can only carry out uniaxial loading under the current technical conditions, gang tool be carried out multidirectional loading still be unrealized, when multi-shaft interlocked, load extremely difficultly especially for gang tool, at home and abroad there is no and report for work.Lathe always bears multidirectional power when work, in fact uniaxial loading can't reappear the real load state of lathe, makes the effect of fail-test have a greatly reduced quality.Both at home and abroad some lathe manufacturing planies have to adopt in production practices and model machine is carried out " test of time " examine or check its reliability, be that lathe carries out the continuous cutting test of (several weeks even some months) for a long time before dispatching from the factory, the consumption of this method time and materials is very big, and experimentation cost is very high.
At present both at home and abroad the lathe of equipment realize the servo-actuated loading of multiaxis at to(for) the simulated machine tool real load also seldom.Although existing uniaxial loading theory and method, can realize machine tool chief axis is loaded.Yet because lathe will bear multidirectional power and moment of torsion usually in working angles, simply carry out the servo-actuated loading of single shaft constant speed constant force, the authenticity of its load test data and confidence level are not high.
In order to overcome above shortcoming, the present invention adopts the charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms to come the simulated machine tool main shaft in speed change and become coplanar force or the coplanar force of bearing under the situation about accelerating to add torque load, improve the confidence level of test figure greatly, provide reliable charger for lathe loads test.The present invention has compact conformation, and advantages such as simple installation are made in modular design, are applicable to that coplanar force or the coplanar force at machine tool chief axis adds the servo-actuated loading of moment of torsion.
Summary of the invention
1, purpose: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of lathe charger and load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanisms, for the minitype vertical type numerically-controlled machine being carried out the loading experiment that coplanar two-dimentional power or coplanar two-dimentional power add the Z-direction moment of torsion.Can be implemented in the main shaft of following lathe when main shaft of numerical control machine tool applied the live load of appointment and carry out plane motion.This apparatus structure is simple, and it is convenient to install and debug, and whole mechanism quality is less, and can guarantee higher loading accuracy.This device and loading experimental method apply multidimensional load when carrying out the numerically-controlled machine load test a kind of high precision and solution efficiently are provided.
2, technical scheme:
(1) a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms of the present invention, it is made up of mechanical load platform and Loading Control System; This mechanical load platform one end is fixed on the worktable of numerically-controlled machine by the linear electric motors guide rail base in the linear motor assembly, and the other end loads main shaft of numerical control machine tool by the mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool; This Loading Control System is controlled the mechanical load platform.
Described mechanical load platform comprises: linear motor assembly, driver element coupling assembling load side chain and special-purpose loading unit.Its position annexation is: the linear electric motors guide rail base in the linear motor assembly is by being bolted on the platen, the linear electric motors slide block of linear motor assembly is connected with the driver element coupling assembling by bolt, the driver element coupling shaft of driver element coupling assembling is connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt, load the side chain upper end and be connected with machine tool chief axis by special-purpose loading unit, Loading Control System is connected each sensor and each electric machine assembly by signal wire with power lead.
This linear motor assembly comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover and stator, line slideway, linear electric motors guide rail base and linear electric motors slide block, its position annexation is: the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator is by being bolted on the linear electric motors guide rail base, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator and line slideway are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is by the slippage in the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator of linear electric motors slide block, and linear motor assembly provides power for the control of load maintainer power.This permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is the sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of this permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator, groove two inside surfaces are respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of mover direction of motion.This line slideway is strip template shape structure; This linear electric motors guide rail base is platy structure; This linear electric motors slide block is the box-shaped structure.
This driver element coupling assembling comprises the horizontal connection card extender of L type, driver element coupling shaft bearing, bearing and driver element coupling shaft.Its position annexation is: when vertical installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is by being bolted on the linear electric motors slide block, the driver element coupling shaft is connected with driver element coupling shaft bearing by bearing, be connected for interference between driver element coupling shaft bearing and the bearing, be connected for interference between bearing and the driver element coupling shaft, have through hole in the middle of the driver element coupling shaft, be connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt; When horizontal installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is not directly installed on the linear electric motors slide block, but is connected by the horizontal card extender that is connected of bolt and L type, and the horizontal connection card extender of L type is connected by bolt and linear electric motors slide block.This bearing is commercial, and this driver element coupling shaft bearing is L type plate-like piece, and this driver element coupling shaft is cylindrical member; The horizontal connection card extender of this L type is L shaped steel plate.
This loads side chain and is made up of upper hinge connecting link, following articulated mast, pull pressure sensor.Its position annexation is: an end that loads side chain is connected with the linear electric motors slide block by the driver element coupling assembling, and the other end is connected with machine tool chief axis by special-purpose loading unit, loads the middle pull pressure sensor that has been installed in series of side chain.This upper hinge connecting link, following articulated mast are cylindrical shaft-like, and this pull pressure sensor is single shaft power sensor, commercial product.
This special use loading unit comprises for realizing the horizontal loading unit that the coplanar two-dimentional power of XY loads and being used for realizing that the coplanar two-dimentional power of XZ, YZ adds two kinds of the vertical loading units that the Z-direction moment of torsion loads.Described horizontal loading unit by horizontal loading prop up chain fitting, horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, horizontal loading unit connection bearing, the horizontal mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool forms.Its position annexation is: horizontal loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between horizontal unit coupling shaft and the horizontal loading unit connection bearing, horizontal loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with horizontal loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in horizontal loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, and the bottom of horizontal mechanical interface is connected with horizontal loading unit coupling shaft by bolt.It is C template shape structure that chain fitting is propped up in this horizontal loading, and this horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape, and this horizontal loading unit connection bearing is commercial product.The horizontal mechanical interface that should link to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling, reduction gear, bearing and cutter clamping interface; Relation is therebetween: cutter clamping interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, the other end is connected with an end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, on structural framing, structural framing is fixed on the horizontal loading unit coupling shaft other end of reduction gear by bearing fixing.This shaft coupling and bearing are commercial, and this cutter clamping interface is cylindrical member; This structural framing is the quadra structure of hollow; This reduction gear is the miniature gear reduction gear, commercial.Described vertical loading unit by vertical loading prop up chain fitting, vertical loading unit coupling shaft, vertical loading unit connection bearing, the vertical mechanical interface, the torque motor that link to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool form.Its position annexation is: vertical loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by vertical loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between vertical loading unit coupling shaft and the vertical unit connection bearing, vertical loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with vertical loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in vertical loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, the bottom of vertical mechanical interface is connected with vertical loading unit coupling shaft by bolt, and torque motor is connected with machine tool chief axis by the shaft coupling of mechanical interface.It is C template shape structure that chain fitting is propped up in this vertical loading; This vertical loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape, and this vertical loading unit connection bearing is commercial.The vertical mechanical interface that should link to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling and cutter clamping interface, relation is therebetween: cutter clamping interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, the other end is connected with an end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, the other end of reduction gear is connected with the torque motor axle by shaft coupling, the shell of torque motor and reduction gear is fixed on the structural framing, and structural framing is fixed on the horizontal loading unit coupling shaft.This shaft coupling is commercial, and this cutter clamping interface is cylindrical member.This structural framing is the quadra structural member of hollow;
Described Loading Control System comprises motion controller, linear electric motors, driver, pull pressure sensor and displacement transducer, is commercial product.Its position annexation is that motion controller and driver are installed in the switch board, and itself has displacement transducer linear electric motors, and pull pressure sensor is installed in the movement branched chain; This motion controller comprises industrial control computer, motion control card and subsidiary control software thereof, and motion controller calculates by steering order and the feedback signal of input, sends the Loading Control instruction to each movement branched chain; This driver is the driver supporting with linear electric motors, and main function is that the control signal of motion controller is carried out power amplification, drives linear electric motors and implements to load; This displacement transducer is the grating chi that commercial linear electric motors carry, the displacement that is used for measuring linear electric motors, and to the motion controller feedback information.
Wherein, the quantity of the linear motor assembly in this mechanical load platform is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity that loads side chain is 2 covers; The quantity of special-purpose loading unit is 2 covers.
Wherein, the quantity of the horizontal connection card extender of L type in this driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of bearing is 4 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft is 2 covers.
Wherein, the horizontal loading unit in this special use loading unit, its horizontal loading side chain number of connecting pieces is 2 covers; The quantity of horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of horizontal loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the horizontal mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover.
Wherein, the vertical loading unit in this special use loading unit, its vertical loading side chain number of connecting pieces is 2 covers; The quantity of vertical loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of vertical loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the vertical mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover; The quantity of torque motor is 1 cover.
(2) a kind of lathe load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanisms of the present invention, these method concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: the clamping of mechanical load platform: the mechanical load platform is fixed on the worktable of test lathe, finishes being connected of mechanical load platform and machine tool chief axis.
Step 2: initialization mechanical load platform: send mechanism's initialization directive by industrial control computer, initialization motion controller, linear electric motors and servo-driver, the state of check and affirmation mechanical load platform is for actual loaded is prepared.
Step 3: actual loaded: start lathe, machine tool chief axis is moved along intended trajectory, under the Loading Control System effect, collection power sensor feedback force signal and power instruction loading spectrum signal carry out computing in motion controller, deviation signal that must the value of exerting oneself is also exported to servo-driver, guarantees that the mechanical load platform carries out load test according to existing loading spectrum Database Requirements to tested lathe.Charger condition monitoring program is installed in the industrial computer in loading procedure, and the motion state current to mechanism detects.Loading procedure is the cyclic process of limited number of times, and concrete loaded cycle number of times need be determined according to the performance index of tested lathe.
Lathe load test implementation process need be carried out according to above-mentioned steps.
3, advantage and effect:
The present invention a kind of lathe charger and loading experimental method based on plane two straight line force mechanisms compared with prior art, it is advantageous that:
1) this charger can realize that coplanar two-dimentional power or coplanar two-dimentional power add moment of torsion and loads when following the main shaft of numerical control machine tool motion, obtains the performance parameter of lathe under the analog operation situation, for the performance of further improving numerically-controlled machine provides test basis;
2) version of the present invention is simple, and the modularization flexible design adopts a set of equipment can realize multiple value-added tax function to machine tool chief axis by different mounting meanss.
3) the present invention carries out the cutting that lathe reliability loading experiment has been avoided real material, saves cost, has the characteristic of green manufacturing; Loading experimental method is reliable, advanced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2
Fig. 3 is the horizontal installation diagram of mechanical load platform
Fig. 4 is the vertical installation diagram of mechanical load platform
Fig. 5 is horizontal loading unit structural drawing
Fig. 6 is vertical loading unit structural drawing
Fig. 7 is the linear motor assembly synoptic diagram
Structural drawing when Fig. 8 is the horizontal installation of driver element coupling assembling
Structural drawing when Fig. 9 is the vertical installation of driver element coupling assembling
Figure 10 is that the horizontal installation of charger loads synoptic diagram
Figure 11 is that the vertical installation of charger loads synoptic diagram
Concrete label declaration is as follows among the figure:
1, linear motor assembly 2, the horizontal connection card extender 3 of L type, driver element coupling shaft bearing
4, driver element coupling shaft 5, following articulated mast 6, pull pressure sensor
7, chain fitting 9, machine tool chief axis are propped up in upper hinge connecting link 8, horizontal loading
10, chain fitting 12, horizontal loading unit coupling shaft are propped up in horizontal mechanical interface 11, horizontal loading
13, upper hinge connecting link 14, pull pressure sensor 15, following articulated mast
16, chain fitting 17, vertical mechanical interface 18, vertical loading unit coupling shaft are propped up in vertical loading
19, chain fitting 21, platen are propped up in torque motor 20, vertical loading
22, the mechanical weighted platform 23 of horizontal installation, numerically-controlled machine 24, the mechanical weighted platform of vertical installation
25, switch board 26, linear electric motors slide block 27, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator
28, line slideway 29, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 30, linear electric motors guide rail base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the invention is set forth:
(1) the present invention relates to a kind of charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms, this charger can be realized the coplanar two-dimentional power of the XY of main shaft of numerical control machine tool is loaded under horizontally-mounted situation.This charger is made up of the mechanical weighted platform 22 of horizontal installation and Loading Control System, and the mounting structure synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, mechanical weighted platform 22 1 ends of horizontal installation are fixed on the platen 21 of numerically-controlled machine 23 by linear electric motors guide rail base 30, the other end loads main shaft of numerical control machine tool 9 by horizontal loading unit, by reference to the accompanying drawings the embodiment of the invention 1 is described in detail as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, the mechanical load platform comprises 2 cover linear motor assemblies, 1,2 cover driver element coupling assembling, and 2 covers load side chain, and horizontal loading unit is formed.
As shown in Figure 7, linear motor assembly 1 comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27, line slideway 28, linear electric motors guide rail base 30 and linear electric motors slide block 26, the position annexation is therebetween: permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27 is by being bolted on the linear electric motors guide rail base 30, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27 and line slideway 28 are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29 is by linear electric motors slide block 26 slippage in permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27, and linear motor assembly 1 provides power for the control of load maintainer power.Described permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29 is the sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of the described permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27, groove two inside surfaces are respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29 direction of motion.
As shown in Figure 8, the driver element coupling assembling comprises: be connected by bolted L type is horizontal that card extender 2, an end and L type are horizontal to be connected the driver element coupling shaft 4 that card extender 2 is connected by bearing by bolted driver element coupling shaft bearing 3, bearing, with driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 with linear electric motors slide block 26, for interference is connected, be connected for interference between bearing and the driver element coupling shaft 4 between driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 and the bearing.
Described loading side chain comprises the following articulated mast 5(15 that is connected with driver element coupling shaft 4 by bolt one end), with horizontal loading unit one end by bolted upper hinge connecting link 7(13), pull pressure sensor 6(or 14) two ends are respectively by the articulated mast 5(15 that is threaded down) and upper hinge connecting link 7(13).
As shown in Figure 5, horizontal loading unit props up chain fitting 8(11 by horizontal loading), horizontal loading unit coupling shaft 12, connection bearing, the horizontal mechanical interface 10 that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool forms.The horizontal loading of two covers is propped up chain fitting 8 and is connected by horizontal loading unit coupling shaft 12, bearing with 11 1 ends, the other end is connected with 13 upper ends with loading side chain upper hinge connecting link 7 respectively by bolt, the bottom of horizontal mechanical interface 10 is connected with horizontal loading unit coupling shaft 12 by bolt, be interference fit between horizontal unit coupling shaft 12 and the horizontal unit connection bearing, horizontal unit connection bearing props up chain fitting 8 by interference fit and horizontal loading and is connected with 11.
As shown in figure 10, motion controller and driver in the described Loading Control System part are installed in the switch board 25 pull pressure sensor 6(14) be installed in the middle part that loads side chain, displacement transducer is installed on the line slideway pedestal.Hardware in the switch board 25 mainly comprises servo driver of motor, motion controller and industrial control computer, mainly connects by cable between the system hardware.
(2) the present invention relates to a kind of charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms, this charger can be realized the coplanar two-dimentional power of main shaft of numerical control machine tool or the coplanar two-dimentional power of YZ, XZ are added the loading of Z-direction moment of torsion under the situation of vertical installation.This charger is made up of mechanical load platform 24 and Loading Control System, and the mounting structure synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 4.Wherein, mechanical load platform 24 1 ends are fixed on the worktable 21 of numerically-controlled machine 23 by the line slideway pedestal 30 of linear electric motors, and the other end loads main shaft of numerical control machine tool 9 by horizontal loading unit, by reference to the accompanying drawings the embodiment of the invention 2 is described in detail as follows:
As shown in Figure 2, the mechanical load platform comprises that 2 cover linear motor assemblies 1,2 cover driver element coupling assemblings, 2 covers load side chain, vertical loading unit is formed.
As shown in Figure 7, linear motor assembly comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 27 and stator 29, line slideway 28, linear electric motors guide rail base 30 and linear electric motors slide block 26, the position annexation is therebetween: the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator is by being bolted on the guide rail base 30, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator and line slideway are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is by slide block 26 slippage in permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 29 on the line slideway, and linear motor assembly provides power for the control of load maintainer power.Described linear motor rotor is the sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of the described permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator, groove two inside surfaces are respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of mover direction of motion.
As shown in Figure 9, the driver element coupling assembling comprises the driver element coupling shaft 4 that is connected by bearing by bolted driver element coupling shaft bearing 3, driver element connection bearing, with driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 other ends with linear electric motors slide block 26, for interference is connected, be connected for interference between bearing and the driver element coupling shaft 4 between driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 and the bearing.
Described loading side chain comprises the following articulated mast 5(15 that is connected with driver element coupling shaft 4 by bolt one end), with horizontal loading unit one end by bolted upper hinge connecting link 7(13), pull pressure sensor 6(or 14) two ends are respectively by the articulated mast 5(15 that is threaded down) and upper hinge connecting link 7(13)
As shown in Figure 6, vertical loading unit comprises that chain fitting 16 is propped up in the vertical loading that is connected with upper hinge connecting link 7 one ends, chain fitting 20, vertical loading unit connection bearing, vertical loading unit coupling shaft 18 are propped up in the vertical loading that is connected with upper hinge connecting link 13 1 ends, be interference fit between vertical unit coupling shaft 18 and the vertical unit connection bearing, vertical unit connection bearing props up chain fitting 16 by interference fit and horizontal loading and is connected with 20.Vertical mechanical interface 17 is fixed on the vertical loading unit coupling shaft 18, and an end of vertical connection mechanical interface 17 is connected with machine tool chief axis 9, and the other end is connected with torque motor 19.The function of vertical mechanical interface is the action torque that transmits between charger and the measurement cutter, reduces the rotating speed that machine tool chief axis passes to torque motor 19 simultaneously, avoids the damage to torque motor 19.
Described loading side chain comprises the following articulated mast 5(or 15 that an end is connected with driver element coupling shaft 4 by bolt) with special-purpose loading unit one end that is connected with lathe by bolted upper hinge connecting link 7(or 13), pull pressure sensor 6(or 14) two ends are respectively by the articulated mast 5(or 15 that is threaded down) and upper hinge connecting link 7(or 13).
As shown in figure 11, motion controller and driver in the described Loading Control System part are installed in the switch board 25 pull pressure sensor 6(14) be installed in the middle part that loads side chain, displacement transducer is installed on the line slideway pedestal.Hardware in the switch board 25 mainly comprises servo driver of motor, motion controller and industrial control computer, mainly connects by cable between the system hardware.
(3) a kind of lathe load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanisms of the present invention, these method concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: the clamping of mechanical load platform: the mechanical load platform is fixed on the platen 21 of numerically-controlled machine 23, adjust the position of platen 21 of numerically-controlled machine and the pose of mechanical load platform, make the mechanical interface 10(17 of the special-purpose loading unit of mechanical load platform) be connected with machine tool chief axis 9.
Step 2: initialization mechanical load platform: before carrying out actual loaded, at first send mechanism's initialization directive by industrial control computer, initialization motion controller, linear electric motors and servo-driver, the state of check and affirmation mechanical load platform is for actual loaded is prepared.
Step 3: actual loaded: start lathe, machine tool chief axis 8 is moved along intended trajectory, under the Loading Control System effect, collection power sensor 6(14) feedback force signal and power instruction loading spectrum signal carries out computing in motion controller, deviation signal that must the value of exerting oneself is also exported to servo-driver, guarantees that the mechanical load platform carries out load test according to existing loading spectrum Database Requirements to tested lathe.Charger condition monitoring program is installed in the industrial computer in loading procedure, and the motion state current to mechanism detects.Loading procedure is the cyclic process of limited number of times, and concrete loaded cycle number of times need be determined according to the performance index of tested lathe.
Claims (6)
1. lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms, it is characterized in that: it is made up of mechanical load platform and Loading Control System; This mechanical load platform one end is fixed on the worktable of numerically-controlled machine by the linear electric motors guide rail base in the linear motor assembly, and the other end loads main shaft of numerical control machine tool by the mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool; This Loading Control System is controlled the mechanical load platform;
Described mechanical load platform comprises: linear motor assembly, driver element coupling assembling, loading side chain and special-purpose loading unit; Linear electric motors guide rail base in the linear motor assembly is by being bolted on the platen, linear electric motors slide block in the linear motor assembly is connected with the driver element coupling assembling by bolt, driver element coupling shaft in the driver element coupling assembling is connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt, load the side chain upper end and be connected with machine tool chief axis by special-purpose loading unit, Loading Control System is connected each sensor and each electric machine assembly by signal wire with power lead;
This linear motor assembly comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover and stator, line slideway, linear electric motors guide rail base and linear electric motors slide block, the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator is by being bolted on the linear electric motors guide rail base, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator and line slideway are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is by the slippage in the permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator of linear electric motors slide block, and linear motor assembly provides power for the control of load maintainer power; This permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is the sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of this permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator, groove two inside surfaces are respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of mover direction of motion; This line slideway is strip template shape structure; This linear electric motors guide rail base is platy structure; This linear electric motors slide block is the box-shaped structure;
This driver element coupling assembling comprises the horizontal connection card extender of L type, driver element coupling shaft bearing, bearing and driver element coupling shaft; When vertical installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is by being bolted on the linear electric motors slide block, the driver element coupling shaft is connected with driver element coupling shaft bearing by bearing, be connected for interference between driver element coupling shaft bearing and the bearing, be connected for interference between bearing and the driver element coupling shaft, have through hole in the middle of the driver element coupling shaft, be connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt; When horizontal installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is not directly installed on the linear electric motors slide block, but is connected by the horizontal card extender that is connected of bolt and L type, and the horizontal connection card extender of L type is connected by bolt and linear electric motors slide block; This driver element coupling shaft bearing is L type plate-like piece, and this driver element coupling shaft is cylindrical member; The horizontal connection card extender of this L type is L shaped steel plate;
This loads side chain and is made up of upper hinge connecting link, following articulated mast, pull pressure sensor; An end that loads side chain is connected with the linear electric motors slide block by the driver element coupling assembling, and the other end is connected with machine tool chief axis by special-purpose loading unit, loads the middle pull pressure sensor that has been installed in series of side chain; This upper hinge connecting link, following articulated mast are cylindrical shaft-like, and this pull pressure sensor is commercial single shaft power sensor;
This special use loading unit comprises for realizing the horizontal loading unit that the coplanar two-dimentional power of XY loads and being used for realizing that the coplanar two-dimentional power of XZ, YZ adds two kinds of the vertical loading units that the Z-direction moment of torsion loads; Described horizontal loading unit by horizontal loading prop up chain fitting, horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, horizontal loading unit connection bearing, the horizontal mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool forms; Horizontal loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between horizontal unit coupling shaft and the horizontal loading unit connection bearing, horizontal loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with horizontal loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in horizontal loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, and the bottom of horizontal mechanical interface is connected with horizontal loading unit coupling shaft by bolt; It is C template shape structure that chain fitting is propped up in this horizontal loading, and this horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape; The horizontal mechanical interface that should link to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling, reduction gear, bearing and cutter clamping interface; Cutter clamping interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, and the other end is connected with an end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, and on structural framing, structural framing is fixed on the horizontal loading unit coupling shaft other end of reduction gear by bearing fixing; This cutter clamping interface is cylindrical member; This structural framing is the quadra structure of hollow, and this reduction gear is commercial miniature gear reduction gear; Described vertical loading unit by vertical loading prop up chain fitting, vertical loading unit coupling shaft, vertical loading unit connection bearing, the vertical mechanical interface and the torque motor that link to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool form; Vertical loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by vertical loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between vertical loading unit coupling shaft and the vertical unit connection bearing, vertical loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with vertical loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in vertical loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, the bottom of vertical mechanical interface is connected with vertical loading unit coupling shaft by bolt, and torque motor is connected with machine tool chief axis by the shaft coupling of mechanical interface; It is C template shape structure that chain fitting is propped up in this vertical loading; This vertical loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape, the vertical mechanical interface that should link to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling and cutter clamping interface, cutter clamping interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, the other end is connected with an end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, the other end of reduction gear is connected with the torque motor axle by shaft coupling, the shell of torque motor and reduction gear is fixed on the structural framing, and structural framing is fixed on the horizontal loading unit coupling shaft; This cutter clamping interface is cylindrical member, and this structural framing is the quadra structural member of hollow;
Described Loading Control System comprises motion controller, linear electric motors, driver, pull pressure sensor and displacement transducer, motion controller and driver are installed in the switch board, itself has displacement transducer linear electric motors, and pull pressure sensor is installed in the movement branched chain; This motion controller comprises industrial control computer, motion control card and subsidiary control software thereof, and motion controller calculates by steering order and the feedback signal of input, sends the Loading Control instruction to each movement branched chain; This driver is the driver supporting with linear electric motors, and its function is that the control signal of motion controller is carried out power amplification, drives linear electric motors and implements to load; This displacement transducer is the grating chi that linear electric motors carry, the displacement that is used for measuring linear electric motors, and to the motion controller feedback information.
2. lathe load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanisms, it is characterized in that: these method concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: the clamping of mechanical load platform: the mechanical load platform is fixed on the worktable of test lathe, finishes being connected of mechanical load platform and machine tool chief axis;
Step 2: initialization mechanical load platform: send mechanism's initialization directive by industrial control computer, initialization motion controller, linear electric motors and servo-driver, the state of check and affirmation mechanical load platform is for actual loaded is prepared;
Step 3: actual loaded: start lathe, machine tool chief axis is moved along intended trajectory, under the Loading Control System effect, collection power sensor feedback force signal and power instruction loading spectrum signal carry out computing in motion controller, deviation signal that must the value of exerting oneself is also exported to servo-driver, guarantees that the mechanical load platform carries out load test according to existing loading spectrum Database Requirements to tested lathe; Charger condition monitoring program is installed in the industrial computer in loading procedure, the motion state current to mechanism detects, loading procedure is the cyclic process of limited number of times, and concrete loaded cycle number of times need be determined according to the performance index of tested lathe.
3. a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of the linear motor assembly in this mechanical load platform is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity that loads side chain is 2 covers; The quantity of special-purpose loading unit is 2 covers.
4. a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quantity of the horizontal connection card extender of L type in this driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of bearing is 4 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft is 2 covers.
5. a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the horizontal loading unit in this special use loading unit, its horizontal loading side chain number of connecting pieces are 2 covers; The quantity of horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of horizontal loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the horizontal mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover.
6. a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanisms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the vertical loading unit in this special use loading unit, its vertical loading side chain number of connecting pieces are 2 covers; The quantity of vertical loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of vertical loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the vertical mechanical interface that links to each other with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover; The quantity of torque motor is 1 cover.
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