For the swing type bogie of rolling stock, vehicle and corresponding train
Technical field
The present invention generally relates to the swing type bogie of rolling stock.
More specifically, according in a first aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of swing type bogie for rolling stock, this
The bogie of type includes chassis, movable structure and at least one damping unit, and this movable structure is with respect to chassis around the longitudinal axis
Line rotates and intends being connected to the main part of rolling stock, and this damping unit is used for making the horizontal stroke that described movable structure is with respect to chassis
Pendular motion is decayed, and the damping unit for making weaving decay includes:
- damping actuating cylinder, the first end of described damping actuating cylinder is connected to chassis by the first spherojoint connector;
- connecting element, the second end damping actuating cylinder is connected to described movable structure by described connecting element.
Background technology
By spherojoint connector, the second end damping actuating cylinder can be connected to the support of movable structure.This support is for example
It is formed on the cross side of movable structure and be downwardly projected.
This bogie should observe different restrictive conditions.Rotate row when movable structure is in around longitudinally opposed in chassis
During the end of journey, this movable structure(And, specifically connecting bracket)Vehicle boundary should not invaded(Particularly laterally overall
Boundary).
In addition, movable structure(Especially, support)Should not interfere with the longeron of truck chassis.
No matter in addition, angle of heel(That is, movable structure with respect to chassis around longitudinal axis angle)No matter for how many yaw angle
Spend for how many, damping actuating cylinder shall not be with respect to longitudinally using too wide-angle.Thus, it is avoided that for making weaving decline
Vertical spectra component in the damping unit subtracting, thus, for the longitudinal component of the damping action power of anti-yaw, its effect
Rate also will not reduce too much.
It is difficult to observe these different restrictive conditions in above-mentioned bogie.
Content of the invention
In this manual, it is an object of the invention to proposing a kind of swing type bogie, the design structure of this bogie
Above-mentioned standard can be met.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a kind of swing type bogie of the above-mentioned type is it is characterised in that connecting element includes:
- top connecting rod, on the one hand, this top connecting rod is connected to the second of actuating cylinder by the second spherojoint connector
End, on the other hand, top connecting rod is connected to described movable structure by the pivot rotary connecting device pivoting around longitudinal pivot axis;
- lower coupling pole, on the one hand, this lower coupling pole is connected to top connecting rod by the 3rd spherojoint connector
And/or the second end of damping actuating cylinder, on the other hand, this lower coupling pole is connected to chassis by the 4th spherojoint connector.
Thus, the kinematics characteristic of damping unit can be changed to a considerable extent.When movable structure is in around longitudinal axis
With respect to chassis rotation stroke end when, this movable structure or for make weaving decay damping unit element,
Without departing from size restrictions.Thus truck chassis will not be hindered.The different elements of damping unit can be arranged as, make resistance
Buddhist nun's actuating cylinder and the angle that is longitudinally formed reduce, but regardless of with respect to chassis around the angle position of longitudinal axis how movable structure,
Regardless of movable structure with respect to chassis yaw angle how.
Herein, movable structure refers to respect to the weaving on chassis:Movable structure with respect to chassis around perpendicular to
The rotary motion of the axis of bogie roll plane.Herein, longitudinally correspond to the direction of bogie normal movement.Laterally side
Not only it had been transversely to the machine direction but also the direction parallel to bogie roll plane to corresponding to.
Bogie also can have one or more following features, can individually adopt these features or these features are existed
Technically carry out possible combination, described feature is as follows:
- top connecting rod includes two components, and each component is connected to cause by the second spherojoint connector
Second end of dynamic cylinder, pivot rotary connecting device includes two hinge connectors pivoting around pivotal line, and each hinge connector is by two
One of component is connected to movable structure;
- top connecting rod includes common low portion, and the lower end of low portion is passed through the second spherojoint connector and connected
To the second end of actuating cylinder, two components are all fixedly attached to the upper end of common low portion, this upper end and described lower end
Relatively;
- damping unit is arranged as, make damping actuating cylinder with respect to longitudinally with certain taper skew, the cone of described taper
Angle is less than 30 °;
- damping actuating cylinder is connected to the longeron on chassis by its first end;
- lower coupling pole is connected to the longeron on chassis by the 4th spherojoint connector;
- bogie includes two damping units, and described damping unit is located at the relative both lateral sides of movable structure, is used for
Described movable structure is made to decay with respect to the weaving on chassis;
- bogie includes activating cylinder assembly, and described actuating cylinder assembly is used for controlling movable structure around longitudinal axis the bottom of with respect to
The swing offset of disk.
According to second aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of rolling stock, it includes main part and as characterized above
At least one bogie, main part is connected to the described movable structure of bogie.
According to the third aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of train, it includes multiple rolling stocks as characterized above.
Brief description
By the detailed description that carries out with reference to the accompanying drawings it is clear that it can be seen that other features and advantages of the present invention,
The description below is a kind of mode representing the present invention, limits the present invention by no means, and accompanying drawing is as follows:
- Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the front view of the rolling stock according to the present invention;
- Fig. 2 is illustrated in greater detail movable structure and control device, and control device is used for controlling described movable structure around the longitudinal axis
The rotation offset of line, in figure also illustrate schematically the damping unit for making weaving decay, and in figure shows bogie
A kind of state, under this state, movable structure does not carry out angular displacement around longitudinal axis;
- Fig. 3 is analogous to the view of Fig. 2, and under state shown in Fig. 3, movable structure is in around longitudinal axis in bogie
The end of the first cross side rotating distance;
- Fig. 4 is the side view of the bogie in Fig. 1, and described movable structure does not occur corner around longitudinal axis with respect to chassis
Move, yaw angle is zero;
- Fig. 5 is analogous to the view of Fig. 4, shows that movable structure is on certain position, at this position, first is horizontal
Side is longitudinally maximum with respect to the angular displacement on chassis, and yaw angle is also maximum;
- Fig. 6 is analogous to the view of Fig. 5, described movable structure around longitudinal axis towards second cross side on chassis angular displacement
Amount is maximum, and yaw angle is also maximum.
Specific embodiment
Vehicle 1 shown in Fig. 1 is railcar.This vehicle include main part 3 and one or several for supportive body part
Bogie 5.Main part 3 is typically provided for accommodating passenger or goods.Main part is located at by its bottom 7 and turns
To on frame 5.
Bogie 5 includes wheel 9, supporting member 11, chassis 13, main suspension 15, movable structure 17, secondary suspension 19, controls dress
Put 21 and several damping unit 23.Supporting member 11 is used for guiding wheel to rotate;Chassis 13 is suspended at supporting by main suspension 15
On part 11;Movable structure 17 rotates around longitudinal axis with respect to chassis 13;Main part 3 is passed through secondary suspension 19 and is suspended at movable structure
On 17;Control device 21 be used for control described movable structure 17 with respect to chassis 13 around longitudinal axis swing offset;Damping unit
23 are used for making described movable structure 17 decay with respect to the weaving on chassis 13(Can be seen that in Fig. 2 to 6).
Wheel 9 rolls to allow train to pass through on rail.Bogie 5 typically comprises four wheels, and they are distributed in two
On individual wheel shaft.But bogie 5 can also only include two wheels or exceed four wheels.
Truck chassis 13 are rigid structures, typically comprise two longerons 25, and they are mutually interconnected by two crossbeams 27
Connect.
Movable structure 17 includes the crossbeam 29 tilting, as shown in detail in figure 2.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, movable structure 17 can phase
Truck chassis 13 are being rotated in the plane of longitudinal axis.Main part 3 is connected to movable structure 17
And can with movable structure 17 together as single part around longitudinal line of movement.Main part 3 is so as to respect to truck chassis
Move in a swing fashion.
Bogie 5 also includes guide assembly 31, and guide assembly 31 is used for guiding movable structure 17 to transport around the rotation of longitudinal axis
Dynamic.This guide assembly 31 includes two rollers 33, and each roller is both attached to a longeron 25 of truck chassis 13.Two rollers
33 are cooperated with two rolling surfaces 35, and this two rolling surfaces 35 are formed at two side end faces of oblique cross beam 29.
As shown in Fig. 2 this oblique cross beam is U-shape, horizontal middle body 37 is substantially linear, both ends portion
39 are divided obliquely to stretch towards main part 3 from middle body 37.Rolling surface 35 is attached to end sections 39 and the court of inclination
Laterally deflect down outside bogie.Rolling surface is installed on roller 33.
As shown in Fig. 2 movable structure 17 also includes platform 41, platform 41 is rigidly attached under the bottom 7 of main part.
In an example shown, secondary suspension 19 be pneumatic type and the both ends part 39 being inserted in oblique cross beam 29 with
Between platform 41.
Control device 21 be used for controlling movable structure with respect to chassis 13 around longitudinal axis swing offset, control device 21 wraps
Include the actuating cylinder 43 of inclination, actuating cylinder 43 is located in the plane being substantially perpendicular to longitudinal axis.The first end of this actuating cylinder connects
A crossbeam to truck chassis 13.Second end of the actuating cylinder 43 tilting is connected to support 45, support by hinge connector
45 are fixedly attached to oblique cross beam 29.Actuating cylinder 43 is controlled by computer 47.Sensor 49(Such as accelerometer)Communicate information to
Computer.Sensor 49 is set to measure bogie acceleration in transverse direction.
Bogie 5 is equipped with two damping units 23 on two relative cross sides of movable structure 17, described
Damping unit is used for making movable structure 17 decay with respect to the weaving of truck chassis.In Fig. 2, a damping unit is located at
On the right side of movable structure 17, another is located on the left of movable structure 17.Two damping units are identical, thus will only describe wherein herein
One damping unit.
Alternatively, bogie 5 is equipped with single damping unit 23, or every side is disposed with two damping units 23, or
Person assembles the damping unit having more than 4 altogether.
As shown in figure 4, each is used for making the damping unit 23 that weaving decays include with lower component:
- damping actuating cylinder 51, its first end 53 is connected to truck chassis 13 by the first spherojoint connector 55;
- top connecting rod 57, on the one hand, top connecting rod 57 is connected to damping by the second spherojoint connector 61 and activates
Second end 59 of cylinder, on the other hand, top connecting rod 57 is connected to movable structure 17 by pivot rotary connecting device 63, and this pivot is even
Connection device 63 has longitudinal pivot axis;
- lower coupling pole 65, on the one hand, lower coupling pole 65 is connected to top by the 3rd spherojoint connector 67 and connects
Bar 57 and/or the second end 59 of damping actuating cylinder 51, on the other hand, lower coupling pole 65 passes through the 4th spherojoint connector 69 even
It is connected to truck chassis 13.
The orientation of damping actuating cylinder 51 is substantially longitudinally, also has the compression axis being substantially longitudinal.Yaw is made to transport
The damping unit of dynamic decay is arranged to:Make damping actuating cylinder 51 with respect to longitudinally with certain taper skew, the cone of this taper
Angle is less than 30 °.
First spherojoint connector 55 is connected to the end sections of longeron 25 by damping actuating cylinder 51.Actuating cylinder 51 is from first
Spherojoint connector 55 stretches towards the longitudinally central part of bogie.On the contrary, lower coupling pole 65 passes through the 4th spherojoint even
Fitting 69 is connected to the longitudinally central part of longeron 25.
Lower coupling pole 65 is, for example, rectilinear form.On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 4-6, top connecting rod 57 includes two
Component 71 and a common low portion 73.Low portion 73 has lower end 75, and the second spherojoint is passed through even in lower end 75
Fitting 61 is connected to the second end 59 of damping actuating cylinder.Two components 71 are all fixed firmly to common low portion 73
Upper end 77.At each component 71 all extends to platform 41 from described upper end 77.Each component 71 is all by pivoting
Connector 79 is connected to platform 41, and hinge connector 79 is special for component 71.Two hinge connectors 79 are constituted together
Pivot rotary connecting device 63.The each corresponding axle of two hinge connectors 79 aligns and parallel with longitudinal direction.
Will be described in now making the operating process of damping unit that weaving decays and being used for control described movable
The operating process of the control device 21 of swing displacement in longitudinal axis rotary course for the structure.
When vehicle moves in straight path, accelerometer 90 does not detect any transverse acceleration.Computer 47 and then life
Actuating cylinder 43 is made to adopt the position shown in Fig. 2, in this position, platform 41 substantial horizontal.The middle body 37 of crossbeam 29
It is level.In this position, movable structure 17 is zero with respect to chassis 13 around the angular displacement of longitudinal axis.As shown in Fig. 2 edge is vertical
To direction, top connecting rod 57 and lower coupling pole 65 are formed towards the L-shaped side outside bogie.3rd spherojoint connector
67 bias with respect to the 4th spherojoint connector 69 and with respect to hinge connector 79 laterally outside towards bogie.
As shown in figure 4, from the point of view of horizontal direction, damping actuating cylinder 51 is slightly tilted with respect to longitudinally.Lower coupling pole 65
Vertical transverse plane stretches.
Situation shown in Fig. 3 is that along along Curve Path moving process, the center of curvature of Curve Path is located at bogie to vehicle
Right side(Shown in Fig. 3).Then sensor 49 detects the transverse acceleration towards the left side in Fig. 3.Then sensor orders actuating
Cylinder 43 stretches, and so that oblique cross beam 29 itself is also moved towards the left side in Fig. 3.To be realized by making roller 33 roll on surface 35
This movement.Fig. 3 shows crossbeam 29 towards the full swing displacement in left side.Main part 3 is driven by this oscillating motion
Move and tilt towards the right side in Fig. 3.This makes vehicle keep balance along along Curve Path moving process.Positioned at the center of curvature that
The top connecting rod 57 of side, lower coupling pole 65 make their sides close to each other upwards about spherojoint connector 67 with respect to
Pivotally.Tend to reduce by the angle that top connecting rod 57, lower coupling pole 65 are formed.If main part 3 is not relatively
Carry out oscillating motion in truck chassis 13, actuating cylinder 51 is just inoperative.
On the contrary, being located at the top connecting rod 57 of center of curvature opposition side, lower coupling pole 65 tends to be separated from each other, this
Sample will be tended to increase by the angle that this two connecting rod is formed.
Certainly, if left side in Fig. 3 for the center of curvature, then motion is contrary.
Fig. 5 shows if movable structure 17 swings with respect to truck chassis 13(pendular)Motion is simultaneously also adjoint
When yaw (yaw) motion, for making the behavior of the damping unit 23 of weaving decay.Damping unit 23 shown in Fig. 5
State is state shown in Fig. 3, i.e. oscillating quantity towards on the left of Fig. 3 is maximum, simultaneously adjoint from turn to top of the trellis regarded clockwise about
The weaving amount of vertical axis is maximum.
This sports tendency is in compressive activation cylinder 51, this is because spherojoint connector 67 moves towards the left side in Fig. 5.Under
Portion's connecting rod 65 also moves towards left side.
Fig. 6 shows the state of the damping unit 23 for making weaving decay, in this case, the right side towards in Fig. 3
Oscillating motion amount maximum, the equidirectional shown in Fig. 5(That is, regarded clockwise about vertical axis from top)Weaving
Amount is maximum.Note that damping actuating cylinder 51 reduces with respect to the angle longitudinally being formed.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, will not mutually hinder between lower coupling pole, top connecting rod and the longeron of truck chassis,
Or will not mutually hinder between actuating cylinder 51 and the longeron of truck chassis.Without departing from boundary G shown in Fig. 2 and 3.Separately
Outward, damping actuating cylinder 51 keeps smaller value with respect to longitudinal tilt quantity, thus this actuating cylinder is in the gratifying situation of efficiency
Lower operation.