CN103298087A - Low power consumption method for wireless sensor network node based on state machine - Google Patents
Low power consumption method for wireless sensor network node based on state machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless sensor networks, and discloses a low power consumption method for a wireless sensor network node based on a state machine. The wireless sensor network node comprises a main controller unit, a sensor unit, a wireless communication unit and an energy supply unit. The method includes that working states of the main controller unit, a digital sensor, an analog sensor and the wireless communication sensor on the wireless sensor network node are arranged reasonably, power characteristics of each unit under corresponding working states are combined, when the digital sensor comprises a wiring system sensor, handshaking signal time of the wiring system sensor and the main controller unit is utilized, and the main control unit completes tasks with task time shorter than the handshaking signal time. The method has the advantages that on the premise of guaranteeing node data collection and data transceiving task completion, active time of the wireless sensor network node is shortened, overall power consumption of the wireless sensor network node is reduced, and service life of the wireless sensor network node is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless sensor network technology field, particularly relate to a kind of method of the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption based on state machine, mainly solved the problem of single node low-power consumption in the wireless sensor network.
Background technology
State machine is exactly state transition diagram, is that it is a directed graph about a definite description of extreme of state machine, moves by responding a series of events.State machine is abbreviated as FSM (Finite State Machine), mainly is divided into 2 big classes: the first kind if output is only relevant with state and irrelevant with input, then is called the Moore state machine; Second class, output not only relevant with state and also with input relation is arranged, then be called the Mealy state machine.By the operating state of each unit on the wireless sensor network node is analyzed, rationally arrange the operating state of each unit of wireless sensor network node.
Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network, hereinafter to be referred as WSN) be a kind of novel calculating and the communication technology, merged advanced technologies such as wireless communication technology, modern computer network technologies, sensor technology, embedded computing technique, distributed information processing.Node among the WSN is monitored in real time, the various object information in perception and the collection network zone, and information is carried out certain processing, and the information after processed sends by wireless mode, finally passes to the observer in many self-organizing network modes.
Wireless sensor network node generally is made up of processor, radio communication, transducer and four modules of power supply, and node is deployed in unattended zone usually, set up one run well, wireless sensor network that robustness is good, energy consumption is the problem that needs are paid close attention to, and realizes that the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption is the difficult problem of pendulum in face of us.
A lot of researchs are being arranged aspect the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption, mainly setting about from individual node and whole network two aspects, be divided into 2 broad aspect of hardware and software at the low-power consumption of individual node.
Set about from individual node:
Hardware aspect: main energy consumption parts comprise microprocessor module, radio receiving transmitting module and data acquisition module.To node energy consumption influence bigger be microprocessor module, the microprocessor module power consumption that often function is strong is also big, therefore, on processor selection, the compromise of function and energy consumption is to think better of.
And generally speaking, radio receiving transmitting module is the maximum module of WSN power consumption, unless the frequency of data transmit-receive is very low.The power consumption that has multiple factor affecting WSN radio receiving transmitting module comprises modulating mode, data transmit-receive frequency, data transmission rate, data transmission distance of module etc.For realizing energy-conservation target, radio receiving transmitting module will adopt special circuit design, is usually operated at different conditions simultaneously: data transmission, data reception, dormancy, free time.
The power consumption of data acquisition module comes from the power consumption of transducer itself and the power consumption of ADC circuit.The power consumption of transducer depends on its kind, precision and physics and chemistry design, and the power consumption of ADC is relevant with inversion frequency with the conversion figure place.When design WSN node, can reach the purpose of data acquisition low-power consumption by selecting means such as suitable voltage devices, sampling precision, employing frequency.
Software aspect: can comprise softwares such as operating system, procotol, application program are carried out energy optimization by on the whole the control of calculating being reduced node energy consumption, can effectively prolong the node battery life.
Set about from whole network:
Networking and route: the node that how to make single dispersion under the situation of not having central authorities' control, the network of a collaborative work of organic composition, the networking problem of Here it is WSN; How data are delivered to destination node from source node, the routing issue of Here it is WSN.On common Routing Protocol basis, increase relevant energy consumption factor, and introduce the new measurement index relevant with energy consumption and realize networking and route, thereby between source node and destination node, find a suitable multi-hop route, cut down the consumption of energy.
Grouping is transmitted: adopt and directly do not carry out the method that data are transmitted by MCU, perhaps with the method for many data through once sending with big packet after the polymerization.
Topology is administered: than higher and under the situation that precision allows, utilize less node to carry out data acquisition and forwarding, other nodes are in resting state, therefore the whole energy consumption of having saved network at node density.
Redundant data is handled: administer outside the agreement in route and topology efficiently, reduce the total amount of data acquisition and transmission.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: set about reducing the wireless sensor network node power consumption from individual node and can see by above-mentioned, set up one run well, wireless sensor network that robustness is good, need reduce the wireless network node power consumption as far as possible; The present invention proposes a kind of wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method based on state machine for this reason.
Technical scheme: based on the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method of state machine, described wireless sensor network node comprises Main Control Unit, sensor unit, wireless communication unit and energy supply unit, and Main Control Unit connects sensor unit, wireless communication unit and energy supply unit respectively; Described method is the operating state by Main Control Unit, sensor unit and wireless communication unit on the reasonable arrangement wireless sensor network node, and realizes reducing the network node power consumption in conjunction with the power consumption characteristics of each unit under the relevant work state.
Described sensor unit comprises digital transducer and analog sensor.
Preferably, described digital transducer can be line transducer processed, utilizes the handshake time of line transducer processed and Main Control Unit, but the Main Control Unit Processing tasks time is less than the task of handshake time.
Described digital transducer comprise start to measure conversion, measure conversion, transformation result reads, free time and five kinds of operating states of dormancy; The order execution data acquisition tasks that digital transducer reads according to startup measurement conversion, measurement conversion, transformation result, free time and dormancy operating state are in the optional position of described execution sequence;
Startup measurement conversion and transformation result read these two kinds of operating states and are controlled by Main Control Unit, and carry out when wireless sensor network node enlivens; When digital transducer is measured conversion, remove the comparative result of taking turns the operating time according to measuring change-over time and wireless sensor network node one of measurement change-over time, Main Control Unit was handled other tasks when the decision digital transducer was measured conversion, perhaps will measure when conversion is placed on the wireless sensor network node dormancy and carry out.
In the described digital transducer, measuring change-over time and wireless sensor network node removes one of measurement change-over time and takes turns the comparison of operating time, be specially to measure to remove smaller or equal to wireless sensor network node change-over time and measure when taking turns the operating time one of change-over time, will measure to change when being placed on the wireless sensor network node dormancy and carry out; Measure to remove greater than wireless sensor network node change-over time and measure when taking turns the operating time one of change-over time, before measurement converts, carry out one of an integral multiple wireless sensor network node and take turns work.One of an integral multiple wireless sensor network node is taken turns the integral multiple of work and is measured the merchant who takes turns the operating time one of change-over time smaller or equal to measuring to remove divided by wireless sensor network node change-over time.
Described analog sensor comprises dormancy, powers up, four kinds of operating states are read in AD conversion, transformation result, wherein the AD module comprises that master controller carries and external two kinds of situations, when the AD module is that Main Control Unit carries, analog sensor power up and the AD EOC after, Main Control Unit carries out transformation result and reads, the return value of transducer is current value or magnitude of voltage, and Main Control Unit carries out the AD conversion to the return value of analog sensor; When enlivening, wireless sensor module carries out the associative operation of analog sensor; When AD module when being external, if change-over time is longer, give feedback signal of master controller behind the AD EOC, Main Control Unit is handled other tasks when carrying out the AD conversion.
Described wireless communication unit comprises wireless transmission, wireless receiving and three kinds of operating states of dormancy, two kinds of operating states of wireless transmission and wireless receiving are controlled by Main Control Unit, this two states carries out when wireless sensor network node enlivens, and the dormancy operating state is placed on the optional position.
Described Main Control Unit comprises dormant state and enlivens two kinds of operating states of attitude; When master controller was in dormant state, carrying out length consuming time did not need master controller to be in the task of active state again.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, have following beneficial effect: 1) operating state by each unit of reasonable arrangement single node shortens enlivening the time of wireless sensor network node, reduce the wireless sensor network node overall power, the prolonging wireless sensor network node life-span; 2) take full advantage of the operating characteristic of employed device in the node, reset signal when line transducer processed is communicated by letter with Main Control Unit in the time is finished part work, further shorten enlivening the time of node, reduce the wireless sensor network node overall power; 3) utilize the concept of state machine, the Working state analysis of each unit of wireless sensor network node is clear, go to reduce the wireless sensor network node overall power from the angle of wireless sensor network node operating state.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the method for work flow chart of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the working timing figure of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 utilizes DS18B20 method for working properties schematic diagram for the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is network node total block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the network node concrete structure block diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the node state figure of the embodiment of the invention; Fig. 7 a is the digital humidity sensor state diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 b is the digital temperature sensor state diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 c is the analog sensor state diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 d is the wireless communication unit state diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 e is the Main Control Unit state diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the node power consumption figure of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention and is not used in and limits the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims institute restricted portion to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 5 be the concrete structure block diagram of embodiment wireless sensor network node, the wireless sensor network node hardware circuit mainly is made of JN5139 wireless module, DS18B20 temperature sensor interface, SHT11 Temperature Humidity Sensor interface, light sensor interface, low pressure difference linear voltage regulator (LDO) and UART interface.Wherein the JN5139 wireless module has MCU, can control each intermodule work and the humiture data that collect are carried out wireless transmission; The DS18B20 temperature sensor interface connects four DS18B20 temperature sensors in the monobus mode, carries out 4 temperature data acquisitions; The SHT11 Temperature Humidity Sensor is a low power consumption digital Temperature Humidity Sensor, have that volume is little, antijamming capability is strong, the cost performance advantages of higher, moisture measurement scope: 0～100%RH, temperature measurement range :-40～+ 123.8 ℃, moisture measurement precision: ± 3.0%RH, temperature measurement accuracy: ± 0.4 ℃; Light sensor selects for use photo resistance that intensity of illumination is measured; The UART interface can carry out program debugging easily or carry out serial communication with other equipment.
Fig. 1 is the method for work flow chart of the embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is working timing figure; The method of work of present embodiment is, at first be to carry out the operation that R_T reads the SHT11 temperature, carry out the operation that S_H starts the SHT11 moisture measurement after finishing, as can be seen from Figure 2, after finishing S_H, transducer SHT11 enters and waits for the humidity transition status, carry out the operation that R_18 reads the DS18B20 temperature simultaneously, initialization sequence when the dash area of DS18B20 is master controller and DS18B20 data interaction among the figure, characteristic according to initialization sequence, dash area during this period of time in can finish the task less than the dash area time consuming time, thereby further shorten the time of enlivening of node to reduce power consumption, the R_H that enters SHT11 after R_18 finishes reads the humidity operation, carry out light exposure measurement after finishing successively, voltage measurement, wireless transmission, certain light exposure measurement, voltage measurement, wireless transmission can be put into the dash area of DS18B20 and finish, carry out S_18 and start the thermometric operation of DS18B20 finishing the wireless transmission posterior nodal point, as we can see from the figure, S_18 finishes back DS18B20 and enters wait transition status W_18, node carries out S_T and starts the thermometric operation of SHT11 simultaneously, enter waiting temperature transition status W_T after finishing, so far the active state of whole node finishes, and enters resting state.
As shown in Figure 3 be to utilize line transducer DS18B20 processed method for working properties schematic diagram, because the operating characteristic of DS18B20 itself, there is initialization sequence, the time that S_18 starts DS18B20 is 480 μ s, light exposure measurement, voltage measurement, wireless transmission are embedded in the operation of S_18 startup DS18B20, because light exposure measurement, voltage measurement, the consuming time of wireless transmission are added up less than 480 μ s, it is a kind of typical case that such enforcement embeds, as preferably, as long as total task less than 480 μ s consuming time can be embedded into wherein.
Fig. 7 a-e is the working state figure of each working cell, specify the operating state arrangement of working cell below: digital transducer comprise start measure conversion, measure conversion, transformation result reads, free time and 5 kinds of operating states of dormancy, it should be noted that digital transducer must carry out the data acquisition task of just finishing a time according to the order of start measuring conversion, measuring conversion, transformation result reads, idle and 2 kinds of operating states of dormancy can be inserted in any place of above-mentioned 3 steps, and free time and dormancy time length are any; Start to measure conversion and transformation result and read these two kinds of operating states and must be controlled by Main Control Unit, and two kinds of operating states is consuming time shorter, so these two kinds of operating states must be carried out when wireless sensor network node enlivens; The measurement of digital transducer accounts for the largest percentage in the operating time at digital transducer change-over time, and the Main Control Unit of wireless sensor network node is idle when digital transducer is measured conversion, measure the comparative result of taking turns the operating time according to measuring to remove with wireless sensor network node change-over time, Main Control Unit is to carry out when handling other tasks or measurement conversion being placed on the wireless sensor network node dormancy when determining that digital transducer is measured conversion one of change-over time.
The analog sensor course of work is dormancy, power up, AD conversion, transformation result are read, wherein the AD module is divided into master controller and carries with external, when the AD module is that Main Control Unit carries, analog sensor power up and the AD EOC after Main Control Unit must carry out transformation result immediately and read, the return value of transducer generally all is current value or magnitude of voltage, Main Control Unit carries out AD conversion to the return value of analog sensor, so the associative operation of analog sensor must be placed on when wireless sensor module is enlivened and carries out; When AD module when being external, if change-over time is longer, the slow length consuming time of AD conversion speed can be given feedback signal of master controller behind the AD EOC, and Main Control Unit can be handled other tasks when carrying out the AD conversion in this case.
Wireless communication unit is responsible for wireless transmission and the wireless receiving of data in wireless network, wireless communication unit has comprised wireless transmission, wireless receiving and 3 kinds of operating states of dormancy, two kinds of operating states of wireless transmission and wireless receiving must be controlled by Main Control Unit, this two states must be placed on when wireless sensor network node enlivens and carry out, the dormancy operating state can be placed on any place, and dormancy time length is any.
Master controller has dormant state and enlivens attitude, the power consumption of Main Control Unit is lower when being in dormant state, do not need length consuming time master controller to be in the task of active state again, be placed on the master controller dormant state and carry out, to reduce the wireless sensor network node overall power.
As shown in Figure 6 be present embodiment node state transition diagram, solid line circle expression JN5139 work among the figure, broken circle is represented the JN5139 dormancy, R_T represents to read the temperature of SHT11, start the moisture measurement of SHT11 behind the 450 μ s, the SHT11 transducer enters and waits for the humidity conversion behind the 148 μ s, JN5139 carries out and reads the DS18B20 temperature operation simultaneously, read temperature and need 40ms, after the 40ms, the humidity of SHT11 has been changed and has been finished, therefore entering the R_H state reads humidity value, JN5139 starts light exposure measurement behind the 450 μ s, need 120 μ s, restart voltage measurement after the end, 50 μ s consuming time, after these were all finished, JN5139 carried out the wireless receiving and dispatching data manipulation, power consumption is bigger, but time ratio is shorter, as long as 144 μ s have received and dispatched back JN5139 and started the DS18B20 temperature survey, 2.48ms back DS18B20 enters the wait transition status, JN5139 continues to start the temperature survey of SHT11, and JN5139 enters resting state afterwards, and dormancy time comes fixed according to the actual requirements, power consumption is very low, waits for the temperature transition result of SHT11 and the temperature transition result of DS18B20.So far, one of the whole node task of taking turns finishes.
As shown in Figure 8 be present embodiment node power consumption figure, among the figure as can be seen abscissa be time shaft, ordinate is current value, current value when having marked each state of node among the figure is to characterize the size of power consumption, node maximum during electric current when carrying out the wireless receiving and dispatching data as can be seen among the figure, but time ratio is shorter.As can be seen from the figure take turns in the work one, the node most of the time is in resting state, finishes the work at short notice, has reduced the overall power of wireless sensor network node.
Claims (6)
1. based on the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method of state machine, described wireless sensor network node comprises Main Control Unit, sensor unit, wireless communication unit and energy supply unit, and Main Control Unit connects sensor unit, wireless communication unit and energy supply unit respectively; Described sensor unit comprises digital transducer and analog sensor; It is characterized in that, rationally arrange the operating state of Main Control Unit, sensor unit and wireless communication unit on the wireless sensor network node, wherein,
Described digital transducer comprise start to measure conversion, measure conversion, transformation result reads, free time and five kinds of operating states of dormancy; The order execution data acquisition tasks that digital transducer is measured according to startup and changed, measurement is changed, transformation result reads, free time and the dormancy operating state optional position between described execution sequence state, free time and dormancy time length are any;
Described analog sensor comprises dormancy, powers up, four kinds of operating states are read in AD conversion, transformation result, and by this order execution work task; Perhaps according to dormancy, power up, AD conversion, transformation result keeps, transformation result reads order execution work task;
Described wireless communication unit comprises wireless transmission, wireless receiving and three kinds of operating states of dormancy, two kinds of operating states of wireless transmission and wireless receiving are controlled by Main Control Unit, this two states carries out when wireless sensor network node enlivens, the dormancy operating state is placed on the optional position, and dormancy time length is any;
Described Main Control Unit comprises dormant state and enlivens two kinds of operating states of attitude; When master controller was in dormant state, carrying out length consuming time did not need master controller to be in the task of active state again.
2. the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method based on state machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described digital transducer is line transducer processed, utilize the handshake time of line transducer processed and Main Control Unit, the Main Control Unit Processing tasks time is less than the task of handshake time.
3. the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method based on state machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described digital transducer, startup measurement conversion and transformation result read these two kinds of operating states and are controlled by Main Control Unit, and carry out when wireless sensor network node enlivens; When digital transducer is measured conversion, remove the comparative result of taking turns the operating time according to measuring change-over time and wireless sensor network node one of measurement change-over time, Main Control Unit was handled other tasks when digital transducer was measured conversion, perhaps will measure when conversion is placed on the wireless sensor network node dormancy and carry out.
4. the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method based on state machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in the described digital transducer, measuring change-over time and wireless sensor network node removes one of measurement change-over time and takes turns the comparison of operating time, be specially to measure to remove smaller or equal to wireless sensor network node change-over time and measure when taking turns the operating time one of change-over time, will measure to change when being placed on the wireless sensor network node dormancy and carry out; Measure to remove greater than wireless sensor network node change-over time and measure when taking turns the operating time one of change-over time, before measurement converts, carry out one of an integral multiple wireless sensor network node and take turns work.
5. the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method based on state machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: one of a described integral multiple wireless sensor network node is taken turns the integral multiple of work and is measured the merchant who takes turns the operating time one of change-over time smaller or equal to measuring to remove divided by wireless sensor network node change-over time.
6. the wireless sensor network node low-power consumption method based on state machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described analog sensor, the AD module comprises that master controller carries and external two kinds of situations, when the AD module is that Main Control Unit carries, analog sensor power up and the AD EOC after, Main Control Unit carries out transformation result and reads, the return value of transducer is current value or magnitude of voltage, Main Control Unit carries out the AD conversion to the return value of analog sensor, carries out the associative operation of analog sensor when wireless sensor module is enlivened; When AD module when being external, if change-over time is longer, give feedback signal of master controller behind the AD EOC, Main Control Unit is handled other tasks when carrying out the AD conversion in this case.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104363668A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-02-18 | 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 | Novel wireless sensor network node |
| CN107211368A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2017-09-26 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Network, battery-operated node and the method for managing battery-operated node of node |
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| CN110533871A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Smoke monitoring method, apparatus, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110533871B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2023-12-12 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Smoke monitoring method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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