CN103297518A - System for monitoring climatic factors for forest litter decomposition - Google Patents
System for monitoring climatic factors for forest litter decomposition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a system for monitoring climatic factors for forest litter decomposition. The system comprises a plurality of wireless sensing control units, one or more wireless gateway servers and a monitoring terminal. The wireless sensing control units are used for acquiring climatic parameters. The wireless gateway servers are respectively electrically connected with at least one of the wireless sensing control units and used for receiving climatic parameters of the corresponding wireless sensing control units and transferring the same, and the wireless gateway servers and the corresponding wireless sensing control units form an ad hoc network. The monitoring terminal is connected with the wireless gateway servers and used for acquiring the climatic parameters transferred from the wireless gateway servers. The wireless sensing control units are arranged outdoors. The wireless gateway severs can acquire data of the wireless sensing control units, acquired data are transmitted to the monitoring terminal, and the monitoring terminal can acquire data of various monitoring points. The system for monitoring climatic factors for forest litter decomposition has the advantages of low cost, accuracy in measuring and convenience in maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biotechnology and Internet of Things field, especially, relate to a kind of forest thing that withers and falls and decompose the climatic factor monitoring system.
Background technology
The forest thing that withers and falls decomposes in the material nutrient circulation of forest ecosystem and organic turnover and plays key effect, and its process is the important decisive factor that phytomass and ecosystem carbon store.The thing decomposition rate that withers and falls is subjected to environmental condition, the chemistry of the thing that withers and falls and physical composition (amount of withering and falling) and geobiont regulation and control (Cadish and Giller, 1997).Lavelle etc. (1993) infer that these three kinds of factors are graduate to the regulation and control that the thing decomposition rate that withers and falls carries out.Aerts(2006) think that the order that three main regulation and control grades work is: weather〉amount of withering and falling〉geobiont.On global yardstick or regional scale, climatic factor plays a leading role to the decomposition of the thing that withers and falls.To the forest research that thing decomposes of withering and falling, become the wither and fall focus of bioecology research field of international plant.Global warming, Atmospheric CO
2Factors such as concentration rising, the enhancing of sun uv b radiation, atmosphere N sedimentation directly or indirectly influence the thing decomposition rate that withers and falls, thereby whole world change also is subjected to extensive concern to the influence that the thing that withers and falls decomposes.
Forest thing resolving time of withering and falling is longer, and influencing factor is numerous, and is closely related with the variation of climatic factors such as temperature, humidity.Great deal of research results shows that along with temperature raises, the thing decomposition rate that withers and falls has the trend of quickening.The temperature rising can promote the mineralising of soil nutrient and improve the utilizability of nutrient, improves activation of microorganism, the decomposition (Sun Zhigao, 2007) of thing thereby direct promotion is withered and fallen; Group's composition of temperature effect forest system, structure and phenology change, quality, soil nutrient utilizability and the high latitude wetland of the thing matrix of withering and falling melt layer depth etc., and then the wither and fall decomposition rate (CHEN H, 2001) of thing of remote-effects.Humidity is to influence another important climatic factor that the thing that withers and falls decomposes.The moisture of thing of withering and falling affects the decomposition of the thing that withers and falls strongly, moisture can directly influence the decomposition rate of the thing that withers and falls by eluviation, also can be by influence the wither and fall influences such as activity of activity, geobiont of matrix quality, soil decomposer of thing wither and fall decomposition rate (Li Xuefeng, 2007 of thing; HUNGATE B A, 1999; MOONEY H A, 1999).
Under the prior art condition, wither and fall humiture that thing decomposes of forest adopts year/monthly mean temperature and the rainfall on sample ground usually, and the thing incubation time that withers and falls was generally 1-3 individual month at interval.CO
2Concentration raises and not only can cause global temperatures to raise, and some areas precipitation is changed, the thing decomposition rate thereby influence is is directly or indirectly withered and fallen.That mostly existing research is is monofactorial, short-term, independently, lack multifactor, multiple spot, long-term Position Research data.Because the wide regional coverage of wild environment and the dispersiveness of monitoring point, artificial image data and cable data transmission will spend a large amount of material resources and human cost.Simultaneously, owing to lack unified research method, cause many result comparisons relatively poor.Therefore, developing and a kind ofly measure precisely, safeguard that forest convenient, the with low cost thing that withers and falls decomposes the distributed wireless sensing and controlling system of climatic factor, is further to advance forest ecosystem the pressing for of thing decomposable process and mechanism research of withering and falling.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of cost low, measure precisely, safeguard that easily the forest thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of forest thing that withers and falls and decompose the climatic factor monitoring system, comprising: a plurality of wireless sensing control units are used for gathering climate parameter and to the switch control of electric equipment; Wireless gateway server, be connected in the MANET mode with at least one wireless sensing control unit, be used for reception and send to high in the clouds and transmit the electrical control order that monitor terminal goes downwards to the wireless sensing control unit from the climate parameter of respective wireless sensing control unit and by GPRS network; Monitor terminal is connected with the wireless gateway server communication, is used for obtaining the climate parameter of being transmitted by wireless gateway server and sends control command.
Further, the wireless sensing control unit comprises: Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module, with the wireless gateway server wireless connections; The climate parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with wireless communication module with Distributed Calculation, is used for gathering climate parameter under the control of Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module; Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module obtain the climate parameter that the climate parameter acquisition module collects, and this climate parameter is sent to wireless gateway server.
Further, the wireless sensing control unit also comprises: equipment control interface, be electrically connected with wireless communication module with Distributed Calculation, and be used for the operation according to the control command control external equipment of monitor terminal.
Further, wireless gateway server comprises: first wireless communication module is used for and the communication of wireless sensing control unit; Second wireless communication module is used for and the monitor terminal communication; Control module is electrically connected with first wireless communication module and second wireless communication module, is used for realizing binary channels data fusion and the Communication Control of first wireless communication module and second wireless communication module.
Further, the forest thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system and also comprises: the high in the clouds server, wireless gateway server sends to the high in the clouds server with data by the Internet, thereby the server realization of monitor terminal visit high in the clouds and wireless sensing control unit is mutual.
Further, the wireless sensing control unit sends to wireless gateway server after with the node presence of the climate parameter of its collection, MANET and the packing of cell voltage data, and wireless gateway server sends by GPRS network after converting its Frame that receives to predetermined data format and tcp/ip communication agreement.
Further, the connection status of wireless gateway server real-time sense high in the clouds server, if find to go offline, then wireless gateway server reconnects the high in the clouds server automatically.
Further, wireless gateway server regularly sends heartbeat packet to the high in the clouds server, so that the high in the clouds server obtains the networking state of wireless sensing control unit in real time.
Further, data sync that the high in the clouds server receives it is saved in the database after resolving, in order to provide web monitor service interface for monitor terminal; Monitor terminal visit web monitor service interface obtaining the various data from the wireless sensing control unit, and sends control command by web monitor service interface to the wireless sensing control unit.
Further, monitor terminal can be used for arranging the operation condition to external equipment; The high in the clouds server system comprises middleware module, the data base set web system that unifies, the user is pre-if the manual control system operation logic by web, middleware module is obtained system's operation logic order and it is saved as run time file, middleware software regularly reads run time file and judges whether the operation condition in the run time file satisfies, if satisfied but not execution, then send corresponding control command by middleware module to corresponding wireless gateway server, this wireless gateway server resolves to control command distributed MANET Frame and sends to corresponding wireless sensing control unit to control the operation of corresponding external equipment.
Wireless sensing control unit and wireless gateway server among the present invention all are deployed in the field, and communicate by letter with the wireless self-networking form.Wireless gateway server 20 can obtain the data of a plurality of wireless sensing control units 10, further the data that obtain are sent to monitor terminal, like this, just can utilize monitor terminal, check the data of each monitoring point in each zone in real time, thereby for wither and fall decomposable process and the mechanism research of thing of forest ecosystem provides strong support, have cost low, measure precisely, safeguard characteristics easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows the schematic diagram of a wireless sensing control unit among the embodiment;
Fig. 2 schematically shows the schematic diagram of a wireless gateway server among the embodiment;
Fig. 3 schematically shows a forest among the embodiment thing that withers and falls and decomposes the overall architecture schematic diagram of climatic factor monitoring system.
Reference numeral among the figure: 10, wireless sensing control unit; 11, telescopic backboard; 12, OLED display module; 13,2.4GHz antenna; 14, battery case; 15, control module; 16, digital transducer input interface; 17, analog sensor input interface; 20, wireless gateway server; 21, first wireless communication module; 22, second wireless communication module; 23, control module; 24, GPRS module; 25, OLED display panel module; 26, telescopic backboard; 27, external power supply; 30, monitor terminal; 31, terminal computer; 32, panel computer; 33, smart mobile phone; 40, high in the clouds server; 50, system realm; 60, the Internet.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
The invention provides a kind of forest thing that withers and falls and decompose the distributed wireless sensing and controlling system of climatic factor, comprise that being deployed in the open-air forest thing that withers and falls decomposes a plurality of wireless sensing control units and gateway server in the monitored area.
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the invention provides a kind of forest thing that withers and falls and decompose the climatic factor monitoring system, comprising: wireless sensing control unit 10 is used for gathering climate parameter; One or more wireless gateway servers 20, be electrically connected with at least one wireless sensing control unit 10 respectively, be used for reception from the climate parameter of respective wireless sensing control unit 10 and transmit climate parameter, wireless gateway server 20 and the wireless sensing control unit 10 corresponding with it constitute ad-hoc networks; Monitor terminal 30 is connected with wireless gateway server 20 communications, is used for obtaining the climate parameter of being transmitted by wireless gateway server 20.Especially, climate parameter can comprise temperature, humidity, CO
2, illuminance, NO, NO
2With rainfall etc.Especially, monitor terminal 30 can be computer, panel computer or smart mobile phone etc.
Wireless sensing control unit 10 among the present invention all is deployed in the field with wireless gateway server 20, and forms wireless sensing control network.For example, wireless gateway server 20 can be built into the form of MANET automatically with a plurality of wireless sensing control units 10.Like this, a wireless gateway server 20 can be set up communication with each the wireless sensing control unit 10 in its network by wireless mode and be connected, (for example obtain the data of each wireless sensing control unit 10, can comprise its detected climate parameter, also can comprise data that other is useful etc.).Wireless gateway server 20 further sends to monitor terminal 30 with the data that obtain, like this, just can utilize monitor terminal 30, obtain, check, analyze the data of each monitoring point in each zone in real time, thereby for wither and fall decomposable process and the mechanism research of thing of forest ecosystem provides strong support, have cost low, measure precisely, safeguard characteristics easily.
In a preferred embodiment, wireless sensing control unit 10 comprises: Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module, with wireless gateway server 20 wireless connections; The climate parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with wireless communication module with Distributed Calculation, is used for gathering climate parameter under the control of Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module; Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module obtain the climate parameter that the climate parameter acquisition module collects, and this climate parameter is sent to wireless gateway server 20.Wherein, the running parameter that Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module can be by setting (for example, the time interval etc.) the corresponding climate parameter of control climate parameter acquisition module collection.Preferably, the climate parameter acquisition module is supported analog sensor and the digital transducer collection simultaneously of multiple climate parameter, is used for finishing temperature, humidity, CO
2, illuminance, NO, NO
2, open-air climatic factor monitoring parameter such as rainfall data acquisition.Wherein, temperature, humidity comprise the temperature of air and/or soil and humidity etc.
Preferably, wireless sensing control unit 10 also comprises: equipment control interface, be electrically connected with wireless communication module with Distributed Calculation, and be used for the operation according to the control command control external equipment of monitor terminal 30.Utilize equipment control interface, can control the operation of external electrical equipment etc., realize the purpose of Remote.
Especially, wireless sensing control unit 10 can be based on distributed wireless MANET technology and the design of little power consumption technology.
In one embodiment, wireless sensing control unit 10 for example can comprise telescopic backboard 11, OLED display module 12,2.4GHz antenna 13 and battery case 14(, can be external).
Preferably, telescopic backboard is provided with control module 15(especially, can be wireless SoC, System-on-a-Chip), climate parameter acquisition module, relay control driver module.For example, control module can be connected by the 20pin stitch with telescopic backboard, telescopic backboard can adopt 14 core data connecting bands to be connected with the OLED display module, can adopt 4 core Aviation Connector to be connected between telescopic backboard and the climate parameter acquisition module, can adopt 2 core Aviation Connector to be connected between the battery case of telescopic backboard and external.Wherein, Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module comprise that control module, relay control driver module can be used as above-mentioned equipment control interface.
Preferably, telescopic backboard also can comprise digital transducer input interface 16, and the signal that is used for open-air climatic factor transducer is collected (comprising: aerial temperature and humidity, soil temperature and humidity, CO
2, rainfall etc.) send to the digital I stitch of control module; Analog sensor input interface 17 is used for the signal of telecommunication of open-air climatic factor transducer output (being comprised: NO, NO
2, illuminance etc.) AD that is converted to the 0-5V voltage signal acquisition and sends to control module gathers the IO stitch.
In one embodiment, control module adopts TI/CHIPCON CC2530SoC master chip and 32M oikocryst to shake the embedded enhancement mode C8051 processor of CC2530SoC and a direct sequence spread spectrum radio frequency chip.CC2530SoC supports the IEEE802.15.4 standard, the Distributed Calculation and the radio communication that are used for sensing controler, the radio communication that the data demonstration of realization sensor data acquisition, processing and OLED display module and wireless sensing control unit 10 and wireless gateway server are 20 realizes the distributed wireless MANET.Because the SoC feature of CC2530 makes peripheral circuit succinct, system stability is reliable.
Preferably, adopt telescopic backboard that power interface, program download interface, the IO interface mappings of CC2530SoC are arrived circuit.Can adopt MCT1700 power management chip designing voltage regulator circuit to provide 3.3V voltage to control module, can adopt TPS5430 power management chip designing voltage regulator circuit to provide 12V voltage to relay control driver module, can adopt jtag interface to realize the mapping of control module program download interface, can adopt 4 core Aviation Connector mapping control module IO interface to connect sensor assembly, can adopt the IO interface of 3 core Aviation Connector mapping control module to connect relay control driver module, the OLED display module can adopt 128 * 64Led display screen, can be connected the IO interface that shines upon CC2530 with telescopic backboard by 14 core data connecting bands.Control module shows by IO mouth control OLED, 3V is provided voltage for simultaneously the OLED display module.
For example, multiple analog sensor output weak voltage or current signal change 0-5V voltage into by the signal amplification circuit on the telescopic backboard, and the AD that is mapped to control module gathers the IO interface; Multiple digital transducer output digital signal is by connecting the digital I interface that telescopic backboard is mapped to control module.
In one embodiment, relay control driver module can be with two or more sets (for example, can be OMRON G6B-1174P-FD-US) relay, be connected with the IO interface mappings of control module by telescopic backboard, the cable of relay control output is connected in series to by control electric equipment supply line, realizes the switching manipulation to outside electric equipment dc controling ac.
Especially, relay control driver module is supported two-way or the above switching value output of two-way, and the relay output cable is connected in series to the supply line of controlled external electrical equipment.Telescopic backboard adopts the MCT1700 power management chip to provide 3.3V voltage stabilizing power supply to control module, adopts the TPS5430 power supply chip to provide 12V voltage stabilizing power supply to relay.
Preferably, the 2.4GHz antenna of wireless sensing control unit 10 is connected with control module by SMA high frequency antenna stand.External power supply can be the power-supply device of any 12V of providing DC output, such as: storage battery, solar cell, bio-battery, adapter etc.
Preferably, wireless gateway server 20 comprises: first wireless communication module 21 is used for and 10 communications of wireless sensing control unit; The second wireless communication module 22(can be the GPRS module for example), be used for and monitor terminal 30 communications; Control module 23 is electrically connected with first wireless communication module 21 and second wireless communication module 22, is used for realizing binary channels data fusion and the Communication Control of first wireless communication module 21 and second wireless communication module 22.
For example, in a preferred embodiment, wireless gateway server 20 can comprise OLED display panel module 25, telescopic backboard 26,2.4GHz antenna, 900MHz antenna and external power supply 27 etc.Wherein, first wireless communication module 21 comprises the 2.4GHz antenna; Second wireless communication module 22 comprises the 900MHz antenna.Preferably, the OLED display panel module adopts 128 * 64OLED display screen, is connected with telescopic backboard 26 by 14 core data connecting bands.
Preferably, the telescopic backboard of wireless gateway server 20 is provided with control module 23 and GPRS module 24, can adopt the MCT1700 power management chip 3.3V voltage stabilizing power supply to be provided for control module 23, can adopt the TPS5430 power supply chip 12V voltage stabilizing power supply to be provided for the GPRS module.2.4GHz antenna is connected with control module 23 by SMA high frequency antenna stand.The 900MHz antenna is connected with the GPRS module by SMA high frequency antenna stand.External power supply is any power-supply device that can provide 12V DC to export, such as: storage battery, solar cell, bio-battery, adapter etc.The control module 23 of wireless gateway server 20 provides 3V voltage for simultaneously the OLED display module by the demonstration of IO mouth control OLED display panel module.
Preferably, wireless gateway server 20 adopts wireless self-networking and the design of GPRS binary channels data fusion, comprises wireless self-networking coordinator module (for example, can be considered the part of control module 23), GPRS module COMWAY DTU and telescopic backboard.In one embodiment, the wireless self-networking coordinator module can be the CC2530 module of programming MANET coordinator process.In one embodiment, GPRS module COMWAYDTU can be connected with the wireless self-networking coordinator module by the USART mouth.In one embodiment, telescopic backboard adopts TPS5430 power management chip designing voltage regulator circuit to provide 12V voltage to the GPRS module, adopts MCT1700 power management chip designing voltage regulator circuit 3.3V to be provided voltage for control module 23.
Finish radio communication and MANET by control module 23 between wireless sensing control unit 10 and the wireless gateway server 20, wireless gateway server 20 power-on are namely created wireless network automatically, wireless sensing control unit 10 power-on are namely sought network automatically, add network, transfer of data, moment is finished the wireless self-networking communication link automatically, makes up the wireless Star Network of 2.4GHz.
Preferably, the forest thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system and also comprises: high in the clouds server 40, wireless gateway server 20 sends to high in the clouds server 40 with data by the Internet, thereby monitor terminal 30 visit high in the clouds servers 40 realizations and wireless sensing control unit 10 is mutual.
Preferably, wireless sensing control unit 10 sends to wireless gateway server 20 after with data packings such as the node presence of the climate parameter of its collection, MANET and cell voltages, and wireless gateway server 20 sends after converting its packing data that receives to predetermined form.
Preferably, the connection status of wireless gateway server 20 real-time sense high in the clouds servers 40, if find to go offline, then wireless gateway server 20 reconnects high in the clouds server 40 automatically.
Preferably, wireless gateway server 20 regularly sends heartbeat packet to high in the clouds server 40, and then makes high in the clouds server 40 obtain the networking state of wireless sensing control unit 10 in real time.
Preferably, data sync that high in the clouds server 40 receives it is saved in the database after resolving, in order to provide web monitor service interface for monitor terminal 30; Monitor terminal 30 visit web monitor service interfaces obtaining the various data from wireless sensing control unit 10, and send control command by web monitor service interface to wireless sensing control unit 10.
Preferably, monitor terminal 30 can be used for arranging the operation condition to external equipment; The high in the clouds server comprises intermediate module, the data base set web system that unifies, the user is pre-if the manual control system operation logic by web, intermediate module obtains system's operation logic order and it is saved as run time file, intermediate module regularly reads run time file and judges whether the operation condition in the run time file satisfies, if satisfied but not execution, then send corresponding control command by the slave computer module to corresponding wireless gateway server 20, this wireless gateway server 20 resolves to control command distributed MANET Frame and sends to corresponding wireless sensing control unit 10 to control the operation of corresponding external equipment.
Below, in conjunction with Fig. 3, with a concrete example, the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 3 shows the forest provided by the invention thing that withers and falls and decomposes the overall architecture schematic diagram of the distributed wireless sensing and controlling system of climatic factor.As shown in Figure 3, open-air region to be monitored is divided into several system realms 50, and system architecture is divided into four levels: the wireless sensing control unit 10 in the system realm 50, the wireless gateway server 20 in the system realm, high in the clouds server 40 and can be from the Web(webpage) the monitor terminal 30(of monitoring for example terminal computer 31, panel computer 32 or smart mobile phone 33 etc.).
Wherein, in each system realm 50, a plurality of wireless sensing control units 10 are set up star-like wireless ad hoc network with wireless gateway server 20, and the sensor senses data initiatively are real-time transmitted to wireless gateway server 20, be connected to the Internet 60 by GPRS network again, and interconnected with the high in the clouds server 40 that middleware (host computer) software, MS SQL Server database software and Web supervisory control system have been installed.Monitor terminal 30 is by the Web(webpage) realize the visualized operation to all wireless sensing control units 10, comprising: sensing data is checked, memory scan, automatically control arrange, manually control relay output etc.
Forest withers and falls, and to decompose climatic factor monitor data stream, state flow, command stream transmission situation as follows for thing:
In observation process, the wireless sensing control unit 10 that is distributed in the system realm is gathered humiture, CO according to the work period that arranges automatically by the climate parameter acquisition module
2, illuminance, NO, NO
2Ecological monitoring climatic factor parameters such as rainfall, and node presence and the battery voltage information packing data frame of MANET is transferred to wireless gateway server 20 by the control module of wireless sensing control unit 10 control module 23, the information package Frame that this control module 23 is sent a plurality of wireless sensing control units 10 that receive in the same time period also converts data format and GPRS host-host protocol with the host computer agreement to, and by serial ports Frame to be sent is sent to GPRS module buffer memory, after the GPRS module listens to and in the buffer memory outgoing data arranged, adopt ICP/IP protocol by the GPRS communication link of mobile phone cellular network Frame to be sent to high in the clouds server 40 immediately.
Interconnected in real time for guaranteeing wireless gateway server 20 and high in the clouds server 40, the GPRS module is with the TCP/IP connection status of real-time sense high in the clouds server 40, the GPRS module is if go offline, to reconnect high in the clouds server 40 immediately automatically, the GPRS module regularly sends heartbeat packet to high in the clouds server 40 simultaneously, makes high in the clouds server 40 grasp the networking state of wireless gateway server 20 in real time.
High in the clouds server 40 by the middleware upper computer software (for example, TCP/IP intercepts module) intercept the TCP/IP port, the data sync that receives is resolved and (for example be stored in database, the MS SQL database), (for example be installed in the Web upper computer software of high in the clouds server 40, the Web script module) provide the Web(webpage) monitor service (for example, web monitor service interface).Monitor terminal 30 is by the Web(webpage of visit high in the clouds server 40), the browser self-refresh on it checks that current time wireless sensing control unit 10 is transferred to the sensor values of high in the clouds server 40, network node state, battery voltage value etc.
In control procedure, monitor terminal 30 also can pass through the Web(webpage of visit high in the clouds server 40), utilize the visual switch condition that the relay of wireless sensing control unit 10 is set of its browser, web browser also can visual manual operation wireless sensing control unit 10 the switch command button of relay, and will arrange in the run time file of Web upper computer software system that parameter is kept at high in the clouds server 40 in real time.Middleware software regularly reads the run time file of Web upper computer software system, judge by algorithm whether relay controlled condition carries out control command, if this order is not carried out and is needed and carries out, the GPRS module that IP address and port by wireless gateway server 20 is transferred to the operational order of the relay of respective wireless sensing control unit 10 wireless gateway server 20, its control module 23 is converted to the self-organized network communication agreement with ICP/IP protocol and simultaneously the order data format analysis is become distributed MANET Frame, transceiver by this control module 23, the order data frame is sent to wireless sensing control unit 10, the control module of wireless sensing control unit 10 receives order data frame synchronization and resolves, by the switch of operation of serial-port relay.
The present invention has following beneficial effect with respect to prior art:
1. the present invention can gather a plurality of forests thing that withers and falls simultaneously and decomposes multiple open-air climatic factor parameter (humiture, the CO of monitored area
2, illuminance, NO, NO
2, rainfall etc.), each wireless sensing control unit 10 is supported a plurality of any sensors of various types expansions, use cost is low, autgmentability is strong.
2. each wireless sensing control unit 10 is supported at least two group relay switches control output, realized that on-site electrical equipment is controlled automatically, remote manual control and and transducer between interlock control.
3. wireless self-networking technology is created network, finds network, is added network, four steps of transfer of data are finished automatically by system, debugs simple and easyly, and maintenance cost is low.
4. Distributed Calculation, each wireless sensing control unit 10 all possess data storage, computing capability, and possess the OLED Presentation Function, support the off-grid independent operating, have strengthened the reliability of system.
5. 20 of wireless sensing control unit 10 and wireless gateway servers adopt distributed self-organized network communication technology fully based on the IEEE802.15.4 international standard, support to use in the global range.
6. powered battery is adopted in little power consumption design, is convenient to open-air the deployment, not retrained by geographical environment, and system cost is low.
7. support extensive open-air the deployment, each wireless gateway server 20 supports that at least 200 wireless sensing control units 10 are interconnected, as long as wireless gateway server 20 just can be disposed in the zone that has the GPRS signal to cover, the present invention's the forest sensing and controlling system that thing decomposes climatic factor that withers and falls can be supported to dispose at least 30000 wireless gateway servers 20, to cover the wild environment of a plurality of different locations.
8. the entire system cost is low, is convenient to large-scale application and promotes.Each facility environment adaptability of system is strong, and wireless sensing control unit 10 all can adopt the technical grade normal component with wireless gateway server 20 each parts, has stronger adaptive capacity in the open air under the harsh environmental conditions.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the forest thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that, comprising:
A plurality of wireless sensing control units (10) are used for gathering climate parameter;
One or more wireless gateway servers (20), be connected with at least one described wireless sensing control unit (10) radio communication respectively, be used for reception from the described climate parameter of corresponding described wireless sensing control unit (10) and transmit described climate parameter, described wireless gateway server (20) and the described wireless sensing control unit (10) corresponding with it constitute wireless ad hoc network;
Monitor terminal (30) is connected with described wireless gateway server (20) communication, is used for obtaining the described climate parameter of being transmitted by described wireless gateway server (20).
2. the forest according to claim 1 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that described wireless sensing control unit (10) comprising:
Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module are with described wireless gateway server (20) wireless connections;
The climate parameter acquisition module is electrically connected with wireless communication module with described Distributed Calculation, is used for gathering climate parameter under the control of described Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module; Described Distributed Calculation and wireless communication module obtain the climate parameter that described climate parameter acquisition module collects, and this climate parameter is sent to described wireless gateway server (20).
3. decompose the climatic factor monitoring system according to the described forest of the claim 1-2 thing that withers and falls, it is characterized in that described wireless sensing control unit (10) also comprises:
Equipment control interface is electrically connected with wireless communication module with described Distributed Calculation, is used for the operation according to the control command control external equipment of described monitor terminal (30).
4. the forest according to claim 1 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that described wireless gateway server (20) comprising:
First wireless communication module (21) is used for and described wireless sensing control unit (10) communication;
Second wireless communication module (22) is used for and described monitor terminal (30) communication;
Control module (23), be electrically connected with described first wireless communication module (21) and described second wireless communication module (22), be used for realizing binary channels data fusion and the Communication Control of described first wireless communication module (21) and described second wireless communication module (22).
5. the forest according to claim 1 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that, the described forest thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system and also comprises:
High in the clouds server (40), described wireless gateway server (20) sends to described high in the clouds server (40) with data by the Internet, described monitor terminal (30) visit described high in the clouds server (40) thus realize mutual with described wireless sensing control unit (10).
6. the forest according to claim 1 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that, described wireless sensing control unit (10) sends to described wireless gateway server (20) after the node presence of the climate parameter of its collection, MANET and battery voltage information are packaged into Frame, and described wireless gateway server (20) sends after converting its Frame that receives to predetermined communication and data format.
7. the forest according to claim 5 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that, the connection status of described wireless gateway server (20) real-time sense described high in the clouds server (40), if find to go offline, then described wireless gateway server (20) reconnects described high in the clouds server (40) automatically.
8. the forest according to claim 5 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that, described wireless gateway server (20) regularly sends heartbeat packet to described high in the clouds server (40), and then makes described high in the clouds server (40) obtain the networking state of described wireless sensing control unit (10) in real time.
9. the forest according to claim 5 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that, described high in the clouds server (40) is saved in the database after its data sync that receives is resolved, in order to provide web monitor service interface for described monitor terminal (30);
The described web monitor service interface of described monitor terminal (30) visit obtaining the various data from described wireless sensing control unit (10), and sends control command by described web monitor service interface to described wireless sensing control unit (10).
10. the forest according to claim 5 thing that withers and falls decomposes the climatic factor monitoring system, it is characterized in that,
Described monitor terminal (30) can be used for arranging the operation condition to external equipment;
Described high in the clouds server (40) comprises intermediate module, the data base set web system that unifies, described intermediate module obtains system's operation logic order and it is saved as run time file, described intermediate module regularly reads described run time file and judges whether the operation condition in the described run time file satisfies, if satisfied but not execution, then send corresponding control command by described intermediate module to corresponding described wireless gateway server (20), this described wireless gateway server (20) resolves to described control command distributed MANET Frame and sends to corresponding described wireless sensing control unit (10) to control the operation of corresponding described external equipment.
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