CN103282791A - A radar station, featuring broadband, linear-frequency-modulated, continuous-wave emission - Google Patents
A radar station, featuring broadband, linear-frequency-modulated, continuous-wave emission Download PDFInfo
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- CN103282791A CN103282791A CN2011800520123A CN201180052012A CN103282791A CN 103282791 A CN103282791 A CN 103282791A CN 2011800520123 A CN2011800520123 A CN 2011800520123A CN 201180052012 A CN201180052012 A CN 201180052012A CN 103282791 A CN103282791 A CN 103282791A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to the area of active radiolocation and can be used in the design and development of digital broadband radar systems for river and marine navigation. The engineering task of this invention is aimed at simplifying the factory adjustment, thereby reducing the cost of the device in serial production. In addition, the engineering task also includes increasing the maximum permitted power of the emitted signal, which will not hinder the operation of the radar station due to overloading the receiver channel, as well as expanding the dynamic range of amplitudes of reflected signals, while retaining radar performance. The device contains a CPU with two ports, a display device, an angular position sensor, a master controller with five ports, a digital signal shaper, a timer signal generator, a beat signal processing unit, a correction filter, an m-channel radio signal adder, an m-channel radio signal splitter, mm transceiver modules containing a receiving and a transmission channel, and a two-channel signal splitter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to active wireless electricity positioning field, and can be used for design and the exploitation of the digital broadband radar system of river and marine navigation.
Background technology
Prior art comprises the digital broadband marine radar that is proposed by this (www.lowrance.com) of long-range navigation, is designed for high distance resolution close observation space.
Radar range finder be known (P.A.Bakulev/Radar Systems//Textbook for Universities//Moscow Radio.2004,320p., III., p.233-234).
Known analogue means is classified as the radar system with continuous lines resistant frequency modulation (LFM) emission, the formation that wherein transmits and received signal handled all finish with digitized forms.The principle of operation of this radar system is based on using continuous LFM detectable signal and the signal that reflects from the object by radar fix being carried out homodyne handle.Herein, the emission of signal and the receiving course of reflected signal make up in real time, and relevantly are included in the frequency spectrum of Beat Signal to the distance of reflecting object and the information of reflectivity thereof.This signal forms and is transmitting and from the difference between " instantaneous " frequency of object reflected signal.
The shortcoming of prior art is aspect current potential, the especially restriction aspect the power of continuous radiation, and this makes the usable range of these devices narrow down when solving the problem that detects the object with antiradar reflectivity.In addition, in the time of in they being used in river exploration radar, the frequency spectrum that transmits widened in order to improve the restriction of the spuious deviation of orientation diagram (DD) that distance resolution is subjected to having the narrow beam linear antenna arrays of serial feed element.The technology that is used for the antenna of river exploration radar realizes that cost is higher for batch process, and the use of these antenna is restricted owing to it is expensive.
Prior art also comprises by navar " River " (the Manual/ZhNKYu.464429.039RE//CJSC Scientificand Production Company Micran of our selection as prototype, City of Tomsk), it comprises CPU, display device, angular position sensor, master controller, digital signal reshaper, timing generator, Beat Signal processing unit, correcting filter and transceiver module, and this transceiver module has adopted two antennas to transmit and receive signal.The principle of operation of this radar is based on to be used continuous LFM detectable signal and the signal that reflects from the object by radar fix is carried out the homodyne processing.Herein, the emission of signal and the receiving course of reflected signal make up in real time, and relevantly are included in the frequency spectrum of Beat Signal to the distance of reflecting object and the information of reflectivity thereof.This signal forms and is transmitting and from the difference between " instantaneous " frequency of reflected by objects signal.
The shortcoming of known technical scheme is included in and is difficult to carry out factory's adjustment in the batch process.This difficulty is because this fact of broadband of the LFM signal that the high distance resolution of realization need be launched causes.This needs to use the broadband passive aerial array again, and its secondary lobe is less and lower in the deviation of signal frequency conditioning period location map.The batch process of this antenna need be carried out tuning separately in them each, and this causes the expense of this work very high.
The technical problem underlying that the scheme that the present invention proposes solves is to have simplified factory's adjustment, has reduced the installation cost in batch process thus.In addition, the technical matters that the present invention solves also comprises the max cap. that raising transmits, and this will can not enlarge the operation that hinder radar station owing to the dynamic amplitude range of receiver channels overload and reflected signal, keep radar performance simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Under the scheme that proposes, described technical matters is to realize by such radar, this radar has wide-band linearity frequency modulation continuous wave emission function, this radar comprises CPU, display device, angular position sensor, master controller, the digital signal reshaper, timing generator, the Beat Signal processing unit, correcting filter and transceiver module, the input end of wherein said display device is connected with first port of described CPU by one-way interfaces, second port of described CPU is connected with first port of described master controller by bidirectional interface, the output terminal of described angular position sensor is connected with second port of described master controller by one-way interfaces, described master controller, the timing input end of described digital signal reshaper and described Beat Signal processing unit merges and is connected to the output terminal of described timing generator, the input end of described digital signal reshaper is connected with described the 3rd port of described master controller by one-way interfaces, the 4th port of described master controller is connected by the number bus of bidirectional interface with described Beat Signal processing unit, and the output terminal of described correcting filter is connected with the input end of described Beat Signal processing unit, comprise the m-1 transceiver module in addition, m channel radio signal adder, m channel radio signal splitter, wherein the output terminal of m transceiver module is connected with the input end of m channel radio signal adder respectively, the input end of m transceiver module is connected with m channel output signal splitter respectively, and the control bus of described transceiver module merges and is connected to the five-port of described master controller, the output terminal of described m channel totalizer is connected with described correcting filter input end, the input end of described m channel splitter is connected with the output terminal of described digital signal reshaper, and described transceiver module comprises receiver, transmitter and double-channel signal splitter, its input end is the input end of described transceiver module, and described receiver is by the adjustable phase shifter that is connected in series, the radio frequency multiplier, first bandpass filter and power amplifier and mixer, second bandpass filter and the low noise amplifier that are connected in series, but receiver antenna element and regulated attenuator constitute, and the output terminal of described power amplifier is connected with the reference input of described mixer, the output terminal of described second bandpass filter is connected with the signal input part of described mixer, the output terminal of described second bandpass filter is connected with the signal input part of described mixer, the output terminal of described receiving antenna element is connected with the input end of described LNA, the input end of described adjustable phase shifter is connected with first output terminal of described double-channel signal splitter, but the described output terminal of described mixer is connected with described regulated attenuator, its output terminal is the output terminal of transceiver module, and the transmitter portion of described transceiver module is by first adjustable phase shifter that is connected in series, the first radio frequency multiplier, the 3rd bandpass filter, but first regulated attenuator, first power amplifier and transmit antenna element constitute, and the input end of described first adjustable phase shifter is connected with second output terminal of described double-channel signal splitter, and the output terminal of described first power amplifier is connected with the input end of described transmit antenna element, but regulated attenuator, but described first regulated attenuator, the control bus of first adjustable phase shifter of described adjustable phase shifter and described transmitter and receiver is merged into serial data bus, and this is controlled by described transceiver module control bus.
Therefore, in the solution that proposes, the process spatial parallelismization of the broadband LFM signal shaping by the reflection that will transmit and receive solves technical matters.This has improved the maximum permission power that transmits, and can be owing to the receiver channels overload is disturbed radar operation.
Description of drawings
The present invention is demonstrated by Fig. 1, and it shows the continuous wide band LFM function of radar figure that proposes.
Embodiment
This device comprises CPU1, display device 2, angular position sensor 3, the master controller 4 with five ports, digital signal reshaper 5, timing generator 6, Beat Signal processing unit 7, correcting filter 8, m channel radio signal adder 9, the m channel radio signal splitter 10 with two ports, m transceiver module 11 and the double-channel signal splitter 12 that includes reception and emission channel.The output terminal of timing generator 6 is connected with the timer input end of master controller 4, digital signal reshaper 5 and Beat Signal processing unit 7, the input end of display device 2 is connected with first port of CPU1 by one-way interfaces, and second port of CPU1 is connected with first port of master controller 4 by bidirectional interface.The output terminal of angular position sensor 3 is connected with second port of master controller 4 by one-way interfaces, the input end of digital signal reshaper 5 is connected with the 3rd port of master controller 4 by one-way interfaces, and the digital port of Beat Signal processing unit 7 is connected with the 4th port of master controller 4 by bidirectional interface.The output terminal of m transceiver module 11 is connected with the input end of m channel radio signal adder 9, and the input end of the double-channel signal splitter 12 of each m transceiver module 11 is connected with the output terminal of m channel radio signal splitter 10.The output terminal of m channel radio signal adder 9 is connected with the input end of correcting filter 8, and the output terminal of this correcting filter 8 is connected with the analog input end of Beat Signal processing unit 7.The control bus of m transceiver module 11 is merged into unidirectional serial data bus and is connected with the five-port of master controller 4.
The receive channel of each m transceiver module 11 is by the adjustable phase shifter 13 that is connected in series, signal frequency multiplier 14, first bandpass filter 15, amplifier 16 and mixer 17, and second bandpass filter 18 that is connected in series, but LNA19 and receiving antenna element 20 and regulated attenuator 21 constitute, and the output terminal of amplifier 16 is connected with the reference input of mixer 17, the input end of adjustable phase shifter 13 is connected with first output terminal of double-channel signal splitter 12, the output terminal of second bandpass filter 18 is connected with the signal input part of mixer 17, the output terminal of receiving antenna element 20 is connected with the input end of LNA19, but and the output terminal of mixer 17 be connected with the input end of regulated attenuator 21.
But the emission channel of each m transceiver module 11 is made of first adjustable phase shifter 22 that is connected in series, the first radio frequency multiplier 23, the 3rd bandpass filter 24, first regulated attenuator 25 and first power amplifier 26 and transmit antenna element 27, and the input end of transmit antenna element 27 is connected with the output terminal of first amplifier 26, and the input end of first adjustable phase shifter 22 is connected with second output terminal of double-channel signal splitter 12.
But but the control bus of adjustable phase shifter 13 and first adjustable phase shifter 22 and regulated attenuator 21 and first regulated attenuator 25 is merged into unidirectional serial data bus, and it is the main bus of transceiver module 11.But the output terminal of regulated attenuator 21 is the output terminal of transceiver module 11.
The antenna system of the technical scheme that proposes forms by two identical m channel array, and one receives and an emission, and each is respectively by m receiving antenna element 20 and m the linear single antenna array that transmit antenna element 27 constitutes.These elements are the part of transceiver module 11, and each is divided into reception and emission channel in function.Structurally, transceiver module 11 so designs, thereby in specific space was arranged, receiving antenna element 20 formed two identical linear arraies with transmit antenna element 27, be respectively reception and emission array, and its aperture line parallel and some vertical ranges of interval.
The following operation of radar with continuous wide band LFM signal that proposes: when master controller 4 sends instruction, it is the intermediate frequency of the Δ ω LFM signal that circulates continuously that digital signal reshaper 5 produces bandwidth.This signal is presented to the input end of m channel signal splitter 10 and from its output terminal and is presented input end to the double-channel signal splitter 12 of each m transceiver module 11.From second output terminal of double-channel signal splitter 12, signal presented to first can reconcile phase shifter 22, its frequency by first signal frequency multiplier, 23 multiplication n doubly, and by 24 filtering of the 3rd bandpass filter.With n times of LFM signal multiplication the time, its frequency spectrum enlarges n doubly, and it equals:
Δω
c=n·Δω，
Therefore, the bandwidth of the 3rd bandpass filter 24 equals:
Δω
пФ=Δω
c=n·Δω。
Send to first from the output signal of the 3rd bandpass filter 24 and can reconcile attenuator 25, and amplify by first power amplifier 26, and be transmitted in the space by transmit antenna element 27.Therefore, each in the m of transceiver module 11 transmit antenna element 27 has the LFM signal that the emission of following bandwidth periodically repeats:
Δω
c=n·Δω，
In this case, the relative phase φ of the LFM signal of i radiated element of antenna 27
iAnd amplitude alpha
iCan reconcile attenuator 25 according to required mode by first adjustable phase shifter 22 and first in each m transceiver module 11 of independent adjusting sets.
In order to realize minimum sidelobe level in the directional diagram of transmitting antenna array, all transmit antenna element 27 must be launched by homophase, and the axis of main DD lobe must be vertical with the aperture line of transmitting antenna array.This is by when the tuning radar, controls that first adjustable phase shifter 22 realizes.The amplitude of the signal of being launched by i transmit antenna element 27 must with the field distribution coupling of during the design phase, selecting along the aperture of transmitting antenna array.This is by when the tuning radar, but control to realize by first regulated attenuator 25.DD in order to ensure transmitting antenna array can not form any parasitic deviation during signal frequency changes, be used for should mating in the wavelength coverage that transmits to the length of the pathway for electrical signals of each bar of the m bar channel of the input end of double-channel signal splitter 12 from the output terminal of m channel signal splitter 10.
Under these conditions, the DD of transmitting antenna array has a maximum lobe of sphere and secondary lobe, and its level is starkly lower than spherical maximum lobe (being generally 25-30dB).As mentioned above, determine sidelobe level by the field of during the design phase, selecting along the amplitude distribution in the aperture of reception and transmitting antenna array.
The LFM signal that reflects from the object of the main lobe of the DD that is arranged in transmitting antenna array is by each reception of m receiving antenna element 20 of receiving antenna array.The output signal of the receiving antenna element 20 of i transceiver module 11 is amplified by low noise amplifier (LNA) 19, filters by second bypass filter 18 with following bandwidth:
Δω
c=n·Δω，
And, enter into the signal input part of mixer 17.The reference input of mixer 17 receives the amplifying signal from the output terminal of power amplifier 16.The input signal of presenting to power amplifier 16 is the output signal from the first double-channel signal splitter 12, and it has passed adjustable phase shifter 13, has passed n times of multiplier of signal frequency 14, and passes first bypass filter 15 with following bandwidth:
Δω
c=n·Δω。
The reference signal of mixer 17 all has identical time and frequency structure with the radio signal that reflects from independent " point " object, be the LFM signal with rectangle big envelope, and have by to reflected signal from the mutual time shift that limits of distance of object.Given this, the output terminal of the mixer 17 of each in m transceiver module 11 has formed the clear distance of object and the vision signal (Beat Signal) of effective radar cross section (RCS) thereof of demonstrating of its wave spectrum.In each of m transceiver module 11, but the output signal of mixer 17 is fed to the input end of regulated attenuator 21, and sends to the suitable input end of m channel radio signal adder 9 from its output terminal.If the amplitude of the transmission of the signal from the output terminal of receiving antenna element 20 to the input end of m channel radio signal adder 9 composite coefficient is identical, and its absolute value is directly proportional with amplitude field distribution along the aperture of emitting antenna, and the output Beat Signal homophase in all m transceiver module 11 forms so.In this case, the DD of the receiver aerial array that is formed by m receiving antenna element 20 is identical with the DD of transmitting antenna array.As transmitting antenna array, the DD of receiving antenna array does not depend on signal frequency, and namely along with the signal frequency in opereating specification changes, it does not demonstrate the spuious deviation of any main lobe.The existence of frequency dependence is due to the fact that and causes, and namely is used for the length of electrical signal path of each bar of m bar channel of the input end from m channel signal splitter 10 to dual-channel radio signal splitter 12 in coupling during the signal line design phase is transmitting wavelength coverage.Be used for the identity property of amplitude of synthetic transmission coefficient of receive channel of transceiver module 11 by realizing in radar tuning process control adjustable phase shifter 13.But the required absolute value of transmission coefficient that is used for the receive channel of transceiver module 11 obtains by regulating regulated attenuator 21 separately at the radar tuning process.
Therefore, when above-mentioned condition is satisfied, at the output formation Beat Signal of m channel radio signal adder 9.The video output of m channel radio signal adder 9 is carried out filtering by correcting filter 8, this has reduced low frequency signal, and this video output is presented to Beat Signal processing unit 7 from correcting filter 8, for each emission " scanning " (modulation period) LFM signal Beat Signal is carried out Fourier transform there.Fourier transform is drawn out the distance of the object in radar view and the level of the reflected signal that is directly proportional with the RCS of those objects.Fourier transform for each " scanning " LFM signal flows to central processing unit in digital form by master controller 4.Central processing unit produces the vision signal for display device 2, wherein in fact forms radar image.Each Fourier transform is shown as the central extended brightness line from radar image.Consistent with the azimuth direction of the DD axis of reception and emitting antenna from the azimuth direction of the extended straight line of image central authorities.Relevant when emission LFM signal the information of the angle position of the DD axis of antenna send to master controller 4 from antenna bearingt angular position pick up 3, and send central processing unit 1 to.The brightness of each point on line is directly proportional with the RCS of object; Its distance from image central authorities is directly proportional with the distance of object from the radar antenna position.The operation of all modules in this assembly is by from the signal of timing generator 6 and synchronously.
But but adjustable phase shifter 13 and first adjustable phase shifter, 22 regulated attenuators 21 and first regulated attenuator 25 are carried out independent software levels control tuning radar required for protection fully automatically, this greatly reduces the production cost of radar system large-scale production.
Also have, because it is parallel in m channel in the space that signal transmits and receives process, so compare with prototype plant, can not make the maximum transmission power of the radar with continuous wide band LFM emission of receiving cable overload can increase m doubly, this will make the scope of radar station with continuous wide band LFM emission increase
(according to the fundamental equation of radiolocation).
Because the noise that is produced by frequency multiplier 14 and the noise that is produced by the first Radio Signal Frequency multiplier 23 in the channel of transceiver module 11 are separate, so the whole shot noise coefficient ratio prototype plant of radar station is low
Doubly, this is another useful feature of radar required for protection, because it can increase the frequency multiplication coefficient n in signal frequency multiplier 14 and first signal frequency multiplier 23, keeps the noise emission level that is equal to simultaneously.This can obviously improve the operating frequency of radar, for example is increased to 33GHz (river radar operation scope) from 9430MHz, has expanded the bandwidth that transmits simultaneously.
Claims (1)
1. radar station, this radar station has wide-band linearity frequency modulation continuous wave emission function, this radar station comprises CPU, display device, angular position sensor, master controller, the digital signal reshaper, timing generator, the Beat Signal processing unit, correcting filter and transceiver module, the input end of wherein said display device is connected with first port of described CPU by one-way interfaces, second port of described CPU is connected with first port of described master controller by bidirectional interface, the output terminal of described angular position sensor is connected with second port of described master controller by one-way interfaces, described master controller, the timing input end of described digital signal reshaper and described Beat Signal processing unit merges and is connected to the output terminal of described timing generator, the input end of described digital signal reshaper is connected with the 3rd port of described master controller by one-way interfaces, the 4th port of described master controller is connected by the number bus of bidirectional interface with described Beat Signal processing unit, and the output terminal of described correcting filter is connected with the input end of described Beat Signal processing unit, it is characterized in that, this radar station also comprises the m-1 transceiver module, m channel radio signal adder, m channel radio signal splitter, wherein the output terminal of m transceiver module is connected with the input end of m channel radio signal adder respectively, the input end of m transceiver module is connected with m channel output signal splitter respectively, and the control bus of described transceiver merges and is connected to the five-port of described master controller, the output terminal of described m channel totalizer is connected with described correcting filter input end, the input end of described m channel splitter is connected with the output terminal of described digital signal reshaper, and described transceiver module comprises receiver, transmitter and double-channel signal splitter, its input end is the input end of described transceiver module, and described receiver is by the adjustable phase shifter that is connected in series, the radio frequency multiplier, first bandpass filter, power amplifier and mixer, and second bandpass filter and the low noise amplifier that are connected in series, but and receiver antenna element and regulated attenuator formation, and the output terminal of described power amplifier is connected with the reference input of described mixer, the output terminal of described second bandpass filter is connected with the signal input part of described mixer, the output terminal of described receiving antenna element is connected with the input end of described LNA, the input end of described adjustable phase shifter is connected with first output terminal of described double-channel signal splitter, but the output terminal of described mixer is connected with described regulated attenuator, its output terminal is the output terminal of transceiver module, and the transmitter portion of described transceiver module is by first adjustable phase shifter that is connected in series, the first radio frequency multiplier, the 3rd bandpass filter, but first regulated attenuator, first power amplifier and transmit antenna element constitute, and the input end of described first adjustable phase shifter is connected with second output terminal of described double-channel signal splitter, and the output terminal of described first power amplifier is connected with the input end of described transmit antenna element, but described regulated attenuator, but described first regulated attenuator, the control bus of first adjustable phase shifter of described adjustable phase shifter and described transmitter and receiver is merged into serial data bus, and this is controlled by described transceiver module control bus.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2010144200 | 2010-10-28 | ||
| RU2010144200/07A RU2460087C2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Radar station with wideband continuous linearly frequency-modulated radiation |
| PCT/RU2011/000797 WO2012057655A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-12 | A radar station, featuring broadband, linear- frequency-modulated, continuous-wave emission |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103282791A true CN103282791A (en) | 2013-09-04 |
| CN103282791B CN103282791B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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| CN201180052012.3A Expired - Fee Related CN103282791B (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-12 | A radar station, featuring broadband, linear-frequency-modulated, continuous-wave emission |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN103282791B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2460087C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012057655A1 (en) |
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| CN105022033A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 李广柱 | Radar device and control method |
| CN112204413A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-01-08 | “目标”科技制造综合设计局有限责任公司 | Emission source identification system |
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| RU2654215C1 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-05-17 | ООО предприятие "КОНТАКТ-1" | Method of measuring distance by range finder with frequency modulation |
| RU2687286C1 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-05-13 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники" | Continuous-wave radar transmitter with extended dynamic range |
| CN109101348A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉滨湖电子有限责任公司 | A kind of Radar Signal Processing cluster platform and software convenient for extension implementation method |
| CN114814813B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-10-28 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Broadband radar external radiation source signal positioning method based on uniform circular array |
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| CN105022033B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2018-01-05 | 李广柱 | Radar installations and control method |
| CN112204413A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-01-08 | “目标”科技制造综合设计局有限责任公司 | Emission source identification system |
| CN112204413B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2023-12-05 | “目标”科技制造综合设计局有限责任公司 | Emission source identification system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2010144200A (en) | 2012-05-10 |
| RU2460087C2 (en) | 2012-08-27 |
| CN103282791B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| WO2012057655A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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