CN103280861A - Battery electric quantity equalizing circuit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery electric quantity equalizing circuit. The battery electric quantity equalizing circuit comprises a battery pack, voltage acquisition modules, a switch circuit module, switch control modules, energy transfer modules and a master control circuit module. The switch circuit module comprises a plurality of inter-pack switches and a plurality of intra-pack switches. The master control circuit module is used for judging whether electric quantities among all batteries are equalized according to voltage signals of the two ends of all the batteries, wherein the voltage signals are acquired by the voltage acquisition modules in real time. If the master control circuit module judges that the electric quantities among all the batteries are not equalized, the master control circuit module sends a control signal to the corresponding switch control modules so that the switch control modules can control the inter-pack/intra-pack switches corresponding to the switch control modules to be turned on/turned off respectively. Therefore, electric quantities among all sub-battery-packs can be equalized first through an inter-pack energy transfer module, and then the electric quantities among all batteries in each sub-battery-pack can be equalized through intra-pack energy transfer modules. Thus, the electric quantities among all the batteries can be equalized. The battery electric quantity equalizing circuit is easy to control, high in accuracy of equalization and high in speed of equalization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the battery technology field, be specifically related to a kind of battery electric quantity equalizing circuit.
Background technology
Be widely used among each electronic product owing to rechargeable battery has preferably cost performance, for example be applied in the motor vehicle.Yet, no matter be lithium rechargeable batteries, plumbic acid rechargeable battery or nickel-hydrogen chargeable cell, because the restriction of process conditions, make and have certain difference between each battery, and for the battery pack of connecting and using, discharge and recharge the increase of number of times along with series battery, the degree of aging of each battery and temperature difference in the series battery, make each battery state may each be inequality, cause the voltage difference between each battery to increase gradually, thereby cause occurring the electric weight unbalanced phenomena between each battery, make the lost of life of this series battery.And when the electric weight between each battery is unbalanced when acquiring a certain degree, the pole reversal phenomenon that produces on the battery of electric weight minimum can cause nonvolatil damage to this series battery.
At the problems referred to above, prior art has proposed to be applied to the battery equalizer of series battery, its operation principle is: the voltage of gathering each battery in the series battery, then the energy of high-tension battery is transferred in the battery of low-voltage by energy-storage units, and then realized the equilibrium of electric weight between two or more batteries.But this battery equalizer is wayward, also exist the accuracy of equalization all not high, balancing speed is unhappy and problem such as cost height.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at existing above-mentioned defective in the prior art, and a kind of battery electric quantity equalizing circuit simple, that the accuracy of equalization is high, balancing speed is fast of controlling is provided.
Solve the technical scheme that the technology of the present invention problem adopts:
Described battery electric quantity equalizing circuit comprises: battery pack, voltage acquisition module, switching circuit module, switch control module, energy transfer module and main control circuit module;
Described battery pack comprises a plurality of series connected battery groups, and each battery group includes a plurality of series connected battery;
Described voltage acquisition module adopts a plurality of, and its quantity equals the sum of all batteries in the battery pack, is used for gathering in real time the voltage signal at each battery two ends, and described voltage signal is sent to the main control circuit module;
Described switching circuit module comprises switch and a plurality of groups of interior switches between a plurality of groups, the quantity of switch is the twice of battery group quantity between described group, both positive and negative polarity with each battery group links to each other respectively, the quantity of switch is the twice of all battery sums in the battery pack in described group, links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of each battery respectively;
Described switch control module adopts a plurality of, the quantity sum that its quantity equals to organize the quantity of a switch and organizes interior switch, between the group for its correspondence of control/and the interior switch conduction of group/end;
Described energy transfer module is divided into energy transfer module between group self-energy shift module and group, described group of self-energy shift module adopts a plurality of, its quantity is identical with the quantity of battery group, switch in the group that each battery plus-negative plate linked to each other in warp was organized with corresponding battery is sub respectively, with each battery parallel connection in this battery group, energy transfer module adopts one between described group, through with group that each battery group both positive and negative polarity links to each other between switch and each battery organize in parallel;
Described main control circuit module is used for judging according to the voltage signal at each battery two ends whether the electric weight between each battery is balanced, as judge unbalanced, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control respectively between the group of its correspondence/group in switch conduction/end, earlier to realize electric weight equilibrium between each battery group by energy transfer module between group, realize the sub electric weight equilibrium of organizing between each interior battery of each battery respectively by group self-energy shift module again, thereby realize the electric weight equilibrium between all batteries.
Preferably, between described group/group in switch adopt N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor or P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, be provided with filter capacitor and diode between the drain electrode of described N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor and the source electrode, the negative pole of described diode links to each other with the drain electrode of N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor, positive pole links to each other with an end of filter capacitor, and the other end of described filter capacitor links to each other with the source electrode of N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor; Be provided with filter capacitor and diode between the drain electrode of described P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor and the source electrode, the positive pole of described diode links to each other with the drain electrode of P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor, negative pole links to each other with an end of filter capacitor, and the other end of described filter capacitor links to each other with the source electrode of P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, described switch control module comprises NPN transistor and PNP transistor, described NPN transistor links to each other with the PNP transistor with the main control circuit module respectively, between group of described PNP transistor AND gate/group in switch link to each other, control between this group/the interior switch conduction of group/end with the control signal of sending by the main control circuit module.
Preferably, between described group/group in switch adopt N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor;
Described switch control module also comprises base resistance, biasing resistor, pull-up resistor, first collector resistance and second collector resistance;
The base stage of described NPN transistor inserts the main control circuit module by base resistance, its grounded emitter, and its collector electrode inserts the transistorized base stage of PNP by first collector resistance, and described biasing resistor is connected between the base stage and emitter of NPN transistor; The transistorized base stage of described PNP inserts a battery by pull-up resistor, and its emitter directly inserts described battery, and its collector electrode is by the second collector resistance ground connection, and its collector electrode also inserts the grid of described metal-oxide-semiconductor; The drain/source of described metal-oxide-semiconductor inserts described battery, and its source/drain inserts an energy transfer module.
Preferably, between described group/group in switch adopt the P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor;
Described switch control module also comprises base resistance, biasing resistor, pull-up resistor, first collector resistance and second collector resistance;
The base stage of described NPN transistor inserts the main control circuit module by base resistance, its grounded emitter, and its collector electrode inserts the transistorized base stage of PNP by first collector resistance, and described biasing resistor is connected between the base stage and emitter of NPN transistor; The transistorized base stage of described PNP inserts a battery by pull-up resistor, and its emitter directly inserts described battery, and its collector electrode inserts described battery by second collector resistance, and its collector electrode also directly inserts the grid of described metal-oxide-semiconductor; The drain/source of described metal-oxide-semiconductor inserts described battery, and its source/drain inserts an energy transfer module.
Preferably, described energy transfer module adopts polar capacitor.
Preferably, the withstand voltage of described polar capacitor is 50V, and capacity is 1000 μ F.
Preferably, described voltage acquisition module comprises resistance R 6, resistance R 7 and capacitor C 4; One end of described resistance R 6 links to each other with a battery, and the other end links to each other with resistance R 7; One end of described resistance R 7 links to each other with the main control circuit module with resistance R 6 respectively, other end ground connection; Described capacitor C 4 is connected in parallel on the two ends of resistance R 7.
Preferably, described battery adds up to even number; The quantity of the battery that comprises in each battery group is identical.
Beneficial effect:
1) the electric weight equalization methods of battery electric quantity equalizing circuit employing of the present invention is top-down one-way fashion, namely earlier make the electric weight equilibrium of each battery group by energy transfer module between group, realize the sub electric weight equilibrium of organizing between each interior battery of each battery respectively by group self-energy shift module again, thereby realize the electric weight equilibrium between all batteries.And the electric weight equilibrium of a plurality of batteries in each battery group can be carried out and not disturb mutually simultaneously, has therefore compared with prior art improved balancing speed and efficient, has shortened time for balance.
2) the battery electric quantity equalizing circuit accuracy of equalization of the present invention is higher, and is easy to control.
3) battery electric quantity equalizing circuit of the present invention is simple in structure, and cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of battery electric quantity equalizing circuit in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of voltage acquisition module in the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is described in the embodiment of the invention 2 between group/group in switch when adopting N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor and the circuit connecting relation schematic diagram of switch control module and energy transfer module;
Fig. 4 is described in the embodiment of the invention 2 between group/group in switch when adopting the P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor and the circuit connecting relation schematic diagram of switch control module and energy transfer module;
Fig. 5 is the circuit connecting relation schematic diagram of battery and switching circuit module and energy transfer module in the embodiment of the invention 3.
Among the figure: the 1-NPN transistor; The 2-PNP transistor; 31-N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor; 32-P channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor; The 4-energy transfer module; ID-main control circuit module; The R1-base resistance; The R2-biasing resistor; R3-first collector resistance; The R4-pull-up resistor; R5-second collector resistance.
Embodiment
For making those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples battery electric quantity equalizing circuit of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of battery electric quantity equalizing circuit, comprising: battery pack, voltage acquisition module, switching circuit module, switch control module, energy transfer module and main control circuit module.
Described battery pack comprises a plurality of series connected battery groups, and each battery group includes a plurality of series connected battery.
Preferably, described battery adds up to even number; The quantity of the battery that comprises in each battery group is identical.After then all batteries being divided into a plurality of battery groups, all battery electric quantities of being convenient in each battery group reach balanced simultaneously, are conducive to practical application.For example, if described battery add up to 6, be divided into 2 batteries group, be every group and comprise 3 batteries, then make the electric weight equilibrium of these 2 battery groups earlier, make the electric weight equilibrium of battery in each battery group more respectively, then the electric weight of 3 batteries in each battery group can reach balanced simultaneously.
Described voltage acquisition module adopts a plurality of, and its quantity equals the sum of all batteries in the battery pack, is used for gathering in real time the voltage signal at each battery two ends, and described voltage signal is sent to the main control circuit module.
Described switching circuit module comprises switch and a plurality of groups of interior switches between a plurality of groups, the quantity of switch is the twice of battery group quantity between described group, both positive and negative polarity with each battery group links to each other respectively, the quantity of switch is the twice of all battery sums in the battery pack in described group, links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of each battery respectively.Need to prove that switch can adopt identical switching device with the interior switch of group between described group, also can adopt different switching devices.
Preferably, between described group/the interior switch employing N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor of group or P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor, which kind of metal-oxide-semiconductor those skilled in the art can determine choose according to the actual circuit structure of described equalizing circuit.
Preferably, be provided with filter capacitor and diode between the drain electrode of described N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor and the source electrode, the negative pole of described diode links to each other with the drain electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor, and positive pole links to each other with an end of filter capacitor, and the other end of described filter capacitor links to each other with the source electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor; Be provided with filter capacitor and diode between the drain electrode of described P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor and the source electrode, the positive pole of described diode links to each other with the drain electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor, negative pole links to each other with an end of filter capacitor, and the other end of described filter capacitor links to each other with the source electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Described switch control module adopts a plurality of, its quantity equals to organize the quantity of a switch and the quantity sum of the interior switch of group, be all switch or interior switch of group between group of correspondence of each switch control module, between the group for its correspondence of control/the interior switch conduction of group/end.
Preferably, described switch control module comprises NPN transistor and PNP transistor, described NPN transistor links to each other with the PNP transistor with the main control circuit module respectively, between group of described PNP transistor AND gate/group in switch link to each other, control between this group/the interior switch conduction of group/end with the control signal of sending by the main control circuit module.Because switch all adopts a plurality of between the interior switch of group and group, between each group/the interior position of switch in described equalizing circuit of group is inequality, make between each group/group in the driving voltage of switch (metal-oxide-semiconductor) also not necessarily identical, therefore the mode that adopts NPN transistor and PNP transistor to combine more be conducive to control between corresponding group/group in switch conduction/end.
Described energy transfer module is divided into energy transfer module between group self-energy shift module and group, described group of self-energy shift module adopts a plurality of, its quantity is identical with the quantity of battery group, switch in the group that each battery plus-negative plate linked to each other in warp was organized with corresponding battery is sub respectively, with each battery parallel connection in this battery group, energy transfer module adopts one between described group, through with group that each battery group both positive and negative polarity links to each other between switch and each battery organize in parallel.
Preferably, described energy transfer module adopts polar capacitor, makes in the group of balanced and each battery group of electric weight between the group of each battery group that the precision of electric weight equilibrium is higher, is easier to control and simple.More preferably, the withstand voltage of described polar capacitor is 50V, and capacity is 1000 μ F.
Described main control circuit module is used for judging according to the voltage signal at each battery two ends whether the electric weight between each battery is balanced, as judge unbalanced, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control respectively between the group of its correspondence/group in switch conduction/end, earlier to realize electric weight equilibrium (electric weight equilibrium between group) between each battery group by energy transfer module between group, namely transfer on the lower battery group of electric weight by the electric weight of the battery group that electric weight is higher of energy transfer module between group, realize the sub electric weight equilibrium of organizing between each interior battery (electric weight equilibrium in the group) of each battery respectively by group self-energy shift module again, namely transfer on the battery that electric weight is lower in this battery group by the electric weight of the group self-energy shift module battery that electric weight in each battery group is higher, thereby realize electric weight equilibrium between all batteries.Need to prove, said process can circulate, described main control circuit module is in finishing group after the electric weight equilibrium, continuation judges according to the voltage signal at each battery two ends whether the electric weight between each battery is balanced, as judge unbalanced, then organize electric weight equilibrium in the balanced and group of electric weight again, this circulation is till the main control circuit module is judged electric weight equilibrium between each battery.Described main control circuit module can adopt existing single chip circuit processing module.
Need to prove, because each battery group is in the process of carrying out the electric weight transfer, the voltage at each battery group two ends is constantly to change all the time, so when the pressure reduction between each battery group during less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module, can judge that the electric weight between all battery groups reaches balanced, otherwise, judge unbalanced.In like manner, when the pressure reduction between each battery in each battery group during less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module, can judge that the electric weight between all batteries in this battery group reaches balanced, otherwise, judge unbalanced.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment will introduce in the battery electric quantity equalizing circuit of the present invention between voltage acquisition module, switch control module, group in detail in conjunction with concrete circuit connecting relation schematic diagram/group in circuit structure and the annexation of switch (metal-oxide-semiconductor) and energy transfer module.
As shown in Figure 2, described voltage acquisition module comprises resistance R 6, resistance R 7 and capacitor C 4; One end of described resistance R 6 links to each other with a battery, and the other end links to each other with resistance R 7; One end of described resistance R 7 links to each other other end ground connection with resistance R 6 with main control circuit module I D respectively; Described capacitor C 4 is connected in parallel on the two ends of resistance R 7.Described voltage acquisition module is used for gathering in real time the voltage signal at described battery two ends, and described voltage signal is sent to main control circuit module I D.
Described switch control module comprises NPN transistor, PNP transistor, base resistance, biasing resistor, pull-up resistor, first collector resistance and second collector resistance, and the parameter of above-mentioned components and parts and model can be selected according to the circuit actual conditions voluntarily by those skilled in the art.
As shown in Figure 3, when between described group/group in during switch employing N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor, the base stage of described NPN transistor 1 inserts main control circuit module I D by base resistance R1, its grounded emitter, its collector electrode is by the base stage of first collector resistance R3 access PNP transistor 2, and described biasing resistor R2 is connected between the base stage and emitter of NPN transistor 1; The base stage of described PNP transistor 2 inserts a battery by pull-up resistor R4, and its emitter directly inserts described battery, and its collector electrode is by the second collector resistance R5 ground connection, and its collector electrode also inserts the grid of N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor 31; The drain/source of N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor 31 inserts described battery, and its source/drain inserts an energy transfer module 4(and is energy transfer module between group self-energy shift module or group).
As shown in Figure 4, when between described group/group in during switch employing P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor, the base stage of described NPN transistor 1 inserts main control circuit module I D by base resistance R1, its grounded emitter, its collector electrode is by the base stage of first collector resistance R3 access PNP transistor 2, and described biasing resistor R2 is connected between the base stage and emitter of NPN transistor 1; The base stage of described PNP transistor 2 inserts a battery by pull-up resistor R4, and its emitter directly inserts described battery, and its collector electrode inserts described battery by the second collector resistance R5, and its collector electrode also directly inserts the grid of P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor 32; The drain/source of P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor 32 inserts described battery, and its source/drain inserts an energy transfer module 4(and is energy transfer module between group self-energy shift module or group).
Need to prove, owing to comprise in the described equalizing circuit between a plurality of groups/group in switch (metal-oxide-semiconductor), what no matter adopt is N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor, or P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor, its utmost point that inserts battery (namely inserting power supply) differs, and to establish a capital be source electrode, also differ establish a capital be the drain electrode, otherwise the phenomenon of short circuit under certain operating mode can appear in described equalizing circuit, and those skilled in the art can be that source electrode inserts battery or drain electrode inserts battery according to each metal-oxide-semiconductor of walking always to judge of electric current in the equalizing circuit.
Other structures in the present embodiment and effect are all identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more here.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment will be described the circuit connecting relation of battery and switching circuit module and energy transfer module in the battery electric quantity equalizing circuit by a concrete example in detail, and the operation principle of battery electric quantity equalizing circuit.
As shown in Figure 5, described battery electric quantity equalizing circuit comprises 2 battery groups, is respectively first battery group and second battery group, and each battery group comprises 2 batteries, wherein first battery group comprises battery V1 and battery V2, and second battery group comprises battery V3 and battery V4.
Since between described group in switch and the group switch specifically to adopt N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor still be that the P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor can be determined according to practical experience by those skilled in the art, so in the present embodiment, the interior switch of switch and group is all represented with metal-oxide-semiconductor between described group.
Described switching circuit module comprises switch between 4 groups, is respectively: the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q12, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10 that negative pole links to each other that link to each other with the positive pole of first battery group, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11 that negative pole links to each other that link to each other with the positive pole of second battery group; Also comprise switch in 8 groups, be respectively: the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 that the positive pole of the battery V1 in organizing with first battery is sub links to each other, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 that negative pole links to each other, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 that links to each other with the sub positive pole of organizing interior battery V2 of first battery, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 that negative pole links to each other, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6 that links to each other with the sub positive pole of organizing interior battery V3 of second battery, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 that negative pole links to each other, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, the negative pole that links to each other with the sub positive pole of organizing interior battery V4 of second battery is continuous.
Energy transfer module is capacitor C 3 between described group, described capacitor C 3 is organized in parallel through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9-Q12 with first battery group, second battery, be that capacitor C 3 is in parallel with first battery group through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10 and Q12, in parallel with second battery group through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 and Q11; Described group of self-energy shift module adopts 2, is respectively capacitor C 1 and capacitor C 2; Described capacitor C 2 is in parallel with battery V1, battery V2 through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1-Q4, and namely capacitor C 2 is in parallel with battery V1 through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2, and is in parallel with battery V2 through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and Q4; Described capacitor C 1 is in parallel with battery V3, battery V4 through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5-Q8, and namely capacitor C 1 is in parallel with battery V3 through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 and Q6, and is in parallel with battery V4 through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 and Q8.
Below, the operation principle of the described battery electric quantity equalizing circuit of present embodiment is described according to Fig. 5:
1) electric weight balance stage between the group:
Voltage acquisition module is gathered the voltage signal at battery V1-V4 two ends in real time, and described voltage signal is sent to the main control circuit module; Described main control circuit module calculates the magnitude of voltage (being the magnitude of voltage at battery V1 two ends and the magnitude of voltage sum at battery V2 two ends) at first battery group two ends and the magnitude of voltage (being the magnitude of voltage at battery V3 two ends and the magnitude of voltage sum at battery V4 two ends) at second battery group two ends according to described voltage signal; If the magnitude of voltage at first battery group two ends is greater than the magnitude of voltage at second battery group two ends, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control its corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10 and Q12 conducting (this moment all the other metal-oxide-semiconductors all by) respectively, by first battery group capacitor C 3 is charged, after finishing, charging disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10 and Q12, control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 and Q11 conducting again, by the charging of 3 pairs of second battery of capacitor C group, this process continue to pressure reduction between first battery group and second battery group less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module till, disconnect all metal-oxide-semiconductors then; If the magnitude of voltage at first battery group two ends is less than the magnitude of voltage at second battery group two ends, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control its corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 and Q11 conducting (this moment all the other metal-oxide-semiconductors all by) respectively, by second battery group capacitor C 3 is charged, after finishing, charging disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 and Q11, control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10 and Q12 conducting again, by the charging of 3 pairs of first battery of capacitor C group, this process continue to pressure reduction between first battery group and second battery group less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module till, disconnect all metal-oxide-semiconductors then.At this moment, the electric weight between each battery group reaches balanced; If the magnitude of voltage at first battery group two ends equals the magnitude of voltage (namely the pressure reduction between first battery group and second battery group is less than the balanced threshold value that is set in advance in the main control circuit module) at second battery group two ends, electric weight equilibrium in then directly organizing.
2) electric weight balance stage in the group:
21) electric weight balance stage in first battery group:
Voltage acquisition module is gathered the voltage signal at battery V1 and V2 two ends in real time, and described voltage signal is sent to the main control circuit module; Described main control circuit module calculates the magnitude of voltage at battery V1 two ends and the magnitude of voltage at battery V2 two ends according to described voltage signal; If the magnitude of voltage at battery V1 two ends is greater than the magnitude of voltage at battery V2 two ends, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control its corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2 conducting (this moment all the other metal-oxide-semiconductors all by) respectively, by capacitor C 2 chargings of battery V1, after finishing, charging disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2, control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and Q4 conducting again, by 2 pairs of battery V2 chargings of capacitor C, this process continue to pressure reduction between battery V1 and the battery V2 less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module till, disconnect all metal-oxide-semiconductors then; If the magnitude of voltage at battery V1 two ends is less than the magnitude of voltage at battery V2 two ends, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control its corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and Q4 conducting (this moment all the other metal-oxide-semiconductors all by) respectively, by capacitor C 2 chargings of battery V2, after finishing, charging disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and Q4, control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and Q2 conducting again, by 2 pairs of battery V1 chargings of capacitor C, this process continue to pressure reduction between battery V1 and the battery V2 less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module till, disconnect all metal-oxide-semiconductors then.If the magnitude of voltage at battery V1 two ends equals the magnitude of voltage (be between battery V1 and the battery V2 pressure reduction less than the balanced threshold value that is set in advance in the main control circuit module) at battery V2 two ends, then the electric weight equilibrium is finished in first battery group.At this moment, the electric weight between each battery in first battery group reaches balanced.
22) electric weight balance stage in second battery group:
Voltage acquisition module is gathered the voltage signal at battery V3 and V4 two ends in real time, and described voltage signal is sent to the main control circuit module; Described main control circuit module calculates the magnitude of voltage at battery V3 two ends and the magnitude of voltage at battery V4 two ends according to described voltage signal; If the magnitude of voltage at battery V3 two ends is greater than the magnitude of voltage at battery V4 two ends, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control its corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 and Q6 conducting (this moment all the other metal-oxide-semiconductors all by) respectively, by capacitor C 1 charging of battery V3, after finishing, charging disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 and Q6, control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 and Q8 conducting again, by 1 pair of battery V4 charging of capacitor C, this process continue to pressure reduction between battery V3 and the battery V4 less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module till, disconnect all metal-oxide-semiconductors then; If the magnitude of voltage at battery V3 two ends is less than the magnitude of voltage at battery V4 two ends, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control its corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 and Q8 conducting (this moment all the other metal-oxide-semiconductors all by) respectively, by capacitor C 1 charging of battery V4, after finishing, charging disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 and Q8, control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 and Q6 conducting again, by 1 pair of battery V3 charging of capacitor C, this process continue to pressure reduction between battery V3 and the battery V4 less than the balanced threshold value (for example 0.1v) that is set in advance in the main control circuit module till, disconnect all metal-oxide-semiconductors then.If the magnitude of voltage at battery V3 two ends equals the magnitude of voltage (be between battery V3 and the battery V4 pressure reduction less than the balanced threshold value that is set in advance in the main control circuit module) at battery V4 two ends, then the electric weight equilibrium is finished in second battery group.At this moment, the electric weight between each battery in second battery group reaches balanced.
When those skilled in the art can learn that battery electric quantity equalizing circuit of the present invention is applied to comprise the battery of varying number in the battery group of varying number and/or the battery group according to above-mentioned operation principle, how to realize the balanced and interior electric weight equilibrium of group of electric weight between group, thereby realize the electric weight equilibrium between all batteries.
Other structures in the present embodiment and effect are all identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more here.
Be understandable that above execution mode only is the illustrative embodiments that adopts for principle of the present invention is described, yet the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, can make each kind modification and improvement, these modification and improvement also are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a battery electric quantity equalizing circuit is characterized in that, comprising: battery pack, voltage acquisition module, switching circuit module, switch control module, energy transfer module and main control circuit module;
Described battery pack comprises a plurality of series connected battery groups, and each battery group includes a plurality of series connected battery;
Described voltage acquisition module adopts a plurality of, and its quantity equals the sum of all batteries in the battery pack, is used for gathering in real time the voltage signal at each battery two ends, and described voltage signal is sent to the main control circuit module;
Described switching circuit module comprises switch and a plurality of groups of interior switches between a plurality of groups, the quantity of switch is the twice of battery group quantity between described group, both positive and negative polarity with each battery group links to each other respectively, the quantity of switch is the twice of all battery sums in the battery pack in described group, links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of each battery respectively;
Described switch control module adopts a plurality of, the quantity sum that its quantity equals to organize the quantity of a switch and organizes interior switch, between the group for its correspondence of control/and the interior switch conduction of group/end;
Described energy transfer module is divided into energy transfer module between group self-energy shift module and group, described group of self-energy shift module adopts a plurality of, its quantity is identical with the quantity of battery group, switch in the group that each battery plus-negative plate linked to each other in warp was organized with corresponding battery is sub respectively, with each battery parallel connection in this battery group, energy transfer module adopts one between described group, through with group that each battery group both positive and negative polarity links to each other between switch and each battery organize in parallel;
Described main control circuit module is used for judging according to the voltage signal at each battery two ends whether the electric weight between each battery is balanced, as judge unbalanced, then send and control signal to corresponding switch control module, make each switch control module control respectively between the group of its correspondence/group in switch conduction/end, earlier to realize electric weight equilibrium between each battery group by energy transfer module between group, realize the sub electric weight equilibrium of organizing between each interior battery of each battery respectively by group self-energy shift module again, thereby realize the electric weight equilibrium between all batteries.
2. equalizing circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, between described group/and the interior switch employing N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor of group or P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
3. equalizing circuit according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Be provided with filter capacitor and diode between the drain electrode of described N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor and the source electrode, the negative pole of described diode links to each other with the drain electrode of N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor, positive pole links to each other with an end of filter capacitor, and the other end of described filter capacitor links to each other with the source electrode of N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor;
Be provided with filter capacitor and diode between the drain electrode of described P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor and the source electrode, the positive pole of described diode links to each other with the drain electrode of P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor, negative pole links to each other with an end of filter capacitor, and the other end of described filter capacitor links to each other with the source electrode of P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
4. equalizing circuit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described switch control module comprises NPN transistor and PNP transistor, described NPN transistor links to each other with the PNP transistor with the main control circuit module respectively, between group of described PNP transistor AND gate/group in switch link to each other, control between this group/the interior switch conduction of group/end with the control signal of sending by the main control circuit module.
5. equalizing circuit according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
Between described group/the interior switch employing of group N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor;
Described switch control module also comprises base resistance, biasing resistor, pull-up resistor, first collector resistance and second collector resistance;
The base stage of described NPN transistor inserts the main control circuit module by base resistance, its grounded emitter, and its collector electrode inserts the transistorized base stage of PNP by first collector resistance, and described biasing resistor is connected between the base stage and emitter of NPN transistor; The transistorized base stage of described PNP inserts a battery by pull-up resistor, and its emitter directly inserts described battery, and its collector electrode is by the second collector resistance ground connection, and its collector electrode also inserts the grid of described metal-oxide-semiconductor; The drain/source of described metal-oxide-semiconductor inserts described battery, and its source/drain inserts an energy transfer module.
6. equalizing circuit according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
Between described group/the interior switch employing of group P-channel enhancement type metal-oxide-semiconductor;
Described switch control module also comprises base resistance, biasing resistor, pull-up resistor, first collector resistance and second collector resistance;
The base stage of described NPN transistor inserts the main control circuit module by base resistance, its grounded emitter, and its collector electrode inserts the transistorized base stage of PNP by first collector resistance, and described biasing resistor is connected between the base stage and emitter of NPN transistor; The transistorized base stage of described PNP inserts a battery by pull-up resistor, and its emitter directly inserts described battery, and its collector electrode inserts described battery by second collector resistance, and its collector electrode also directly inserts the grid of described metal-oxide-semiconductor; The drain/source of described metal-oxide-semiconductor inserts described battery, and its source/drain inserts an energy transfer module.
7. equalizing circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described energy transfer module adopts polar capacitor.
8. equalizing circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the withstand voltage of described polar capacitor is 50V, and capacity is 1000 μ F.
9. equalizing circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described voltage acquisition module comprises resistance R 6, resistance R 7 and capacitor C 4; One end of described resistance R 6 links to each other with a battery, and the other end links to each other with resistance R 7; One end of described resistance R 7 links to each other with the main control circuit module with resistance R 6 respectively, other end ground connection; Described capacitor C 4 is connected in parallel on the two ends of resistance R 7.
10. according to each described equalizing circuit among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, described battery add up to even number; The quantity of the battery that comprises in each battery group is identical.
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| CN105140992A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 卢小明 | Battery electric quantity equalization system |
| CN110289651A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-27 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Low current monomer equilibrium execution circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103730935A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-16 | 广东志成冠军集团有限公司 | Equalization circuit for allowing electric energy of lithium batteries to be uniform |
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| CN110994047A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-04-10 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery system and battery management method for battery system |
| CN110994047B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-08-24 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery system and battery management method for battery system |
| CN110289651A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-27 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Low current monomer equilibrium execution circuit |
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Application publication date: 20130904 |