CN103278419A - Constant pressure device for measuring thermodynamic property of solution system - Google Patents
Constant pressure device for measuring thermodynamic property of solution system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278419A CN103278419A CN2013101851020A CN201310185102A CN103278419A CN 103278419 A CN103278419 A CN 103278419A CN 2013101851020 A CN2013101851020 A CN 2013101851020A CN 201310185102 A CN201310185102 A CN 201310185102A CN 103278419 A CN103278419 A CN 103278419A
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Abstract
The invention provides a constant pressure device for measuring the thermodynamic property of a solution system. A magnetic capping mechanism extending into a box body is arranged on a box cover, and a constant pressure cover covers a constant pressure cup through the magnetic capping mechanism before the box cover is opened, so that the volatilization of a solvent in the constant pressure cup is alleviated, and simultaneously, the experimental accuracy is improved; in addition, a high-vacuum fine adjustment valve is also additionally installed on the box cover, the risk of splashing of a solution in the constant pressure cup caused by violent pressure change inside the constant pressure cup is avoided by operating the high-vacuum fine adjustment valve, and simultaneously, the high-vacuum fine adjustment valve guarantees the air tightness of the box body; a limiting groove is formed in a heat transfer plate at the bottom of the box body, so that the heat transfer of the constant pressure cup is ensured to be rapid and uniform in the box body, and the sliding of the constant pressure cup in the box body can be prevented during the transmission of the box body; the box body is mainly made of stainless steel, has a good heat transfer property and is corrosion-resistant; and the internal constant pressure cup is made of niobium and titanium alloy, corrosion-resistant, good in heat conduction and low in cost. The constant pressure device also has the characteristics of simple structure, stability in operation, safety, durability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solution thermodynamics property research device technique field, particularly a kind of pressure device that waits that can measure the solution system macroscopic property fast.
Background technology
Solution extensively is present in occurring in nature, and is extremely important in many fields such as chemical industry, metallurgy, biology, geography, industry, environmental improvement, energy projects.And the macroscopic property of solution is the important component part of solution chemistry, wherein infiltration coefficient and activity coefficient are most important for separating out with other calculation of thermodynamics of the calculating of the Gibbs free energy of course of dissolution and chemical reaction of salt, all are subjected to the extensive concern of scientific circles all the time.The research method of activity coefficient and infiltration coefficient has a lot, common have equal-pressure method, emf method, vapor-pressure osmometry and a direct manometry etc., equal-pressure method is one of exact method of measuring solution thermodynamics character in various assay methods, and people mainly measure binary and the unsaturated aqueous solution of ternary with it.This method can be directly used in the inclined to one side ideal solution model of check to the applicability of all kinds of unsaturated solutions, the experimental data of measuring can be filled up the blank of unsaturated complex solution infiltration coefficient value in the document, also provides more comprehensive thermodynamics information for checking and further developing the semiempirical solution model of improving solution simultaneously.
Since Bousfield in 1917 proposed the experimental technique of equal-pressure method research solution thermodynamics character first, many researchers were just constantly made improvement to initial equal-pressure method experimental provision, make equal-pressure method progressively perfect, and measured data are degree of accuracy more.The improvement of isobaric case mainly concentrates on the degree of accuracy that improves material heat transfer character and corrosion resistance, raising gained experimental data and shortens this three part of equilibration time.The experimental provision that initial equal-pressure method is measured the solution infiltration coefficient is that Bousfield changes a social system with the vacuum dryer of glass material and forms.He adopts that glass cylinder is done etc. compression cup directly will wait compression cup to be placed in the vacuum dryer sealing and vacuumize, and be placed on balance under the constant temperature then.This device is because the thermal conductivity of glass is relatively poor, and etc. do not accelerate the temperature balance between the compression cup medium, so equilibration time is very long and degree of accuracy is lower, error is about 10%.Slowly reach low these shortcomings of experimental precision in order to overcome glass poor heat conductivity, balance, scacthd selects stainless steel compression cups such as sample such as be that isobaric casing metal Pt does for use.Some improvement have also been done at pressure device such as existing by salt lake, China Qinghai Yao Yan seminar of institute and the king's of Northeastern University prosperous seminar, select for use stainless steel depressor such as to make, and the noble metal gold, silver such as make at compression cup, but its cost height.
In addition, present employed compression cup majority not with cover such as pressure device inside that waits in the experiment, system reaches that cup opens wide in the process that taking-up after the thermodynamic equilibrium waits the compression cup weighing, and solvent wherein can continue volatilization, thereby influence the degree of accuracy decline of the experimental result that weighing result makes.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of detection speed fast, can shorten minute greatly and detect error little, the result is accurate and reliable for the pressure device that waits of measuring the solution system macroscopic property.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts: support is provided with casing, the top of casing is provided with case lid, the bottom is provided with heat transfer plate and passes the vertically disposed guidepost of heat transfer plate, case lid is provided with the vacuum micrometering valve and extends to magnetic force capping mechanism in the casing, and heat transfer plate such as is provided with at compression cup;
The structure of above-mentioned magnetic force capping mechanism is: be provided with the magnetic force button in the lower end of handle, the lower end of magnetic force button is connected with fixture block by hook, one end of fixture block is fixed on etc. on the cover clamp, be provided with hollow knob, be processed with pilot hole with the corresponding position of guidepost Deng position corresponding with waiting compression cup on the cover clamp, the inner chamber of hollow knob is provided with magnetic patch, the lower end of hollow knob gland such as is connected with by swivel nut, and the inner chamber of swivel nut is coaxially arranged with the following magnetic patch corresponding with last magnetic patch.
Above-mentioned case lid and casing junction are provided with O-ring seal, to seal in the assurance casing.
Above-mentioned compression cup such as grade can be the niobium titanium alloy cup, is waiting the gland inboard to be provided with the silicone rubber seal layer.
Can also be provided with beaded glass above-mentioned the grade in the compression cup, be used for the liquid of compression cups such as stirring, shorten balancing side and fix time.
The end of above-mentioned handle can also be connected with the power output shaft of motor by connecting shaft, waves automatically realizing, so that wait the liquid agitation in the compression cup even.
Provided by the invention is by extend to the magnetic force capping mechanism in the casing case lid setting for the pressure device that waits of measuring the solution system macroscopic property, before opening case lid, will wait on the compression cups such as gland Gai Zai by the magnetic force capping mechanism, reduced the volatilization that waits solvent in the compression cup, improved experimental precision simultaneously, in addition, on case lid, also installed the vacuum micrometering valve additional, operate by the vacuum micrometering valve, the danger of avoiding inside such as compression cup such as grade acutely to cause solution to spill because of pressure change, the vacuum micrometering valve guarantees the impermeability of casing simultaneously, heat transfer plate at bottom half is provided with stopper slot, compression cups such as assurance conduct heat in casing fast, homogeneous, can prevent that the medium compression cup of casing transmission process from sliding in casing, casing mainly adopts stainless steel to make good heat-transfer, corrosion-resistant, compression cups such as inside adopt niobium titanium alloy, corrosion-resistant, heat conduction is good and price is lower, and device of the present invention also has simple in structure, stable working, characteristics such as safety durable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure synoptic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the magnetic force capping mechanism 9 among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Now by reference to the accompanying drawings the pressure device that waits of the present invention is further specified, but technical scheme of the present invention is not limited only to the situation of following enforcement.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment be used for to measure the solution system macroscopic property wait pressure device by support 1, casing 2, heat transfer plate 3, guidepost 4, etc. compression cup 5, nut 6, O-ring seal 7, vacuum micrometering valve 8, magnetic force capping mechanism 9, case lid 10 and beaded glass 11 connect and compose.
The both sides of casing 2 are fixed on the top of rectangle support 1 in the present embodiment by nut 6, and driving casing 2 by nut 6 axial rotation waves at support 1, its diameter is 20cm, high 15cm, the airflow design of arc transition is adopted at casing 2 inner bottom parts and top, guarantee the Stability Analysis of Structures of casing 2, not yielding, casing 2 adopts the stainless steel NULL to make in the present embodiment, heat conductivility is good, at casing 2 intracavity bottoms heat transfer plate 3 is installed, have 3 circular holes at the middle part of heat transfer plate 3, the circular hole outside is symmetrily processed with 2 stopper slots, 2 are waited compression cup 5 correspondences to be installed in the stopper slot, quick by heat transfer plate 3, transmit heat equably, assurance is installed in the 5 temperature unanimities such as compression cup such as grade on the heat transfer plate 3, and simultaneously, compression cups 5 such as stopper slot restriction slide in casing 2, all be to adopt niobium titanium alloy to make Deng compression cup 5, the chemical property of niobium titanium alloy is stable, and the more traditional gold-plated niti material of decay resistance is better, and heat conduction simultaneously is good, the little hardness of density is very much not yielding, price is low to be obtained easily, is waiting inside, 5 end of compression cup to be placed with beaded glass 11, when casing 2 beaded glass 11 when support 1 is swung rolls, liquid in the compression cups 5 such as stirring shortens balancing side and fixes time.The position corresponding with the circular hole of heat transfer plate 3, casing 2 bottoms is equipped with 3 guideposts 4 by threaded fastener, and the circular hole that guidepost 4 passes heat transfer plate 3 extends to casing 2 inner chambers vertically upward.At the top of casing 2 case lid 10 is installed, the middle part of case lid 10 forms a boss to outer process, increased the bearing capacity of case lid 10, case lid 10 is connected with casing 2 usefulness bolts, with casing 2 junctions O-ring seal 7 is installed on case lid 10, guarantees the impermeability in the casing 2.Be processed with one at the middle part of case lid 10 boss and be convenient to the mounting hole that magnetic force capping mechanism 9 is installed, side at mounting hole is processed with air hole, at air hole vacuum micrometering valve 8 is installed, by 8 operations of vacuum micrometering valve, the danger of avoiding inside such as depressor such as grade acutely to cause solution to spill because of pressure change can guarantee the impermeability in the casing 2 simultaneously.Magnetic force capping mechanism 9 is installed on the mounting hole of case lid 10 and extends to casing 2 inside.
Referring to Fig. 2, magnetic force capping mechanism 9 be by handle 9-1, magnetic force button 9-2, hook 9-3, fixture block 9-4, hollow knob 9-5, go up magnetic patch 9-6, swivel nut 9-7, etc. gland 9-8, down magnetic patch 9-9, etc. cover clamp 9-10 and silastic-layer 9-11 connect and compose.
The handle 9-1 of present embodiment is hand-held ring texture, operation is convenient in the outside that extends to case lid 10, magnetic force button 9-2 in the lower end of handle 9-1 is provided with the mounting hole that is installed in case lid 10, magnetic force button 9-2 is common structure, its button partly extends to outside the mounting hole, below magnetic force button 9-2, be fixture block 9-4, be connected by hook 9-3 between fixture block 9-4 and the magnetic force button 9-2, the end of hook 9-3 is hook solid, be fastened on the lower end of magnetic force button 9-2 by bearing pin, the crotch end extends on the convex edge of fixture block 9-4, lower end and the fixture block 9-4 of magnetic force button 9-2 are connected together, the other end of hook 9-3 extends to the below of case lid 10, and it is column structure, is made by the magnetic metal material, select ferrous material in the present embodiment for use, the magneticaction of magnetic patch among the magnetic force button 9-2 be can be subjected to and the swing of drive crotch end, control magnetic force button 9-2 and fixture block 9-4 folding waved.The below of fixture block 9-4 is to wait cover clamp 9-10, the other end of fixture block 9-4 is fixedlyed connected with threaded fastener with waiting cover clamp 9-10, waiting on the cover clamp 9-10 position corresponding with guidepost 4 to be processed with pilot hole, when waiting cover clamp 9-10 to fall, move down along guidepost 4, prevent skew, waiting on the cover clamp 9-10 position corresponding with waiting compression cup 5 that hollow knob 9-5 is installed, at the inner chamber of hollow knob 9-5 magnetic patch 9-6 is installed, hollow knob 9-5 below is connected with waiting gland 9-8 by swivel nut 9-7, the end of swivel nut 9-7 is fixed on etc. on the gland 9-8, inner chamber at swivel nut 9-7 is equipped with the following magnetic patch 9-9 corresponding with last magnetic patch 9-6, last magnetic patch 9-6 is different with following magnetic patch 9-9 polarity, on magneticaction by last magnetic patch 9-6 and following magnetic patch 9-9 will wait that gland 9-8 tightly is adsorbed on etc. the cover clamp 9-10, twist hollow knob 9-5, will wait gland 9-8 to separate with waiting cover clamp 9-10 thereby magnetic patch 9-6 is separated with following magnetic patch 9-9.Be bonded with resistant to elevated temperatures cure silicone rubber layer 9-11 in the inboard of waiting gland 9-8 by seccotine, increased its sealing.
During use, adopt direct weight method to give the sample solution that adds same concentrations in each isobaric sample cup, put in the stopper slot on the heat transfer plate 3 containing the excellent compression cup 5 that waits, cover case lid 10 and good seal, casing 2 is linked to each other with pumped vacuum systems by vacuum micrometering valve 8, open vacuum micrometering valve 8, beginning is decompression lentamente, slowly decompression in casing 2 pressure close to-0.095MPa, close vacuum valve, casing 2 is put into the water bath with thermostatic control balance, temperature is set at 298.15K, temperature-controlled precision is scholar 0.02K, manually wave handle 9-1, casing 2 is rocked at support 1, roll Deng the beaded glass 11 in the compression cup 5, stirred sample solution, after reaching isopiestic equilibrations to sample solution, from water, take out casing 2, press earlier lower magnetic force button 9-2, hook 9-3 opens, magnetic force button 9-2 is separated with fixture block 9-4, wait cover clamp 9-10 under the gravity effect, to fall along guidepost 4, on the compression cup 5 such as wait that gland 9-8 just in time is buckled in, by vacuum micrometering valve 8 bubbling airs in the casing 2, still be vacuum state and wait in the compression cup 5, on the compression cup 5 such as wait that gland 9-8 can tightly adsorb, open case lid 10, rotate hollow knob 9-5, to go up magnetic patch 9-6 and separate with following magnetic patch 9-9, and gland 9-8 disengaging such as make to wait cover clamp 9-10, take out the compression cup 5 such as grade of gland 9-8 such as having, adopt the quality that waits compression cup 5 that contains sample solution after the accurate weighing balance of balance, calculate the concentration that waits mass change before and after compression cup 5 balances to find the solution to draw each solution after the balance of application of sample.
In the present embodiment, the end of handle 9-1 is connected with the power output shaft of motor by connecting shaft, by the motor transmission, handle 9-1 drives casing 2 and moves reciprocatingly sample equilibration time in the compression cups 5 such as shortening automatically at support 1.Other parts and connecting relation thereof are identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1. pressure device that waits of be used for measuring the solution system macroscopic property, it is characterized in that: support (1) is provided with casing (2), the top of casing (2) is provided with case lid (10), the bottom is provided with heat transfer plate (3) and passes the vertically disposed guidepost of heat transfer plate (3) (4), case lid (10) is provided with vacuum micrometering valve (8) and extends to magnetic force capping mechanism (9) in the casing (2), and heat transfer plate (3) such as is provided with at compression cup (5);
The structure of above-mentioned magnetic force capping mechanism (9) is: be provided with magnetic force button (9-2) in the lower end of handle (9-1), the lower end of magnetic force button (9-2) is connected with fixture block (9-4) by hook (9-3), one end of fixture block (9-4) is fixed on etc. on the cover clamp (9-10), be provided with hollow knob (9-5) Deng the last position corresponding with waiting compression cup (5) of cover clamp (9-10), the position corresponding with guidepost (4) is processed with pilot hole, the inner chamber of hollow knob (9-5) is provided with magnetic patch (9-6), the lower end of hollow knob (9-5) gland (9-8) such as is connected with by swivel nut (9-7), and the inner chamber of swivel nut (9-7) is coaxially arranged with the following magnetic patch (9-9) corresponding with last magnetic patch (9-6).
2. according to claim 1 for the pressure device that waits of measuring the solution system macroscopic property, it is characterized in that: described case lid (10) is provided with O-ring seal (7) with casing (2) junction.
3. according to claim 1 for the pressure device such as grade of measuring the solution system macroscopic property, it is characterized in that: described compression cup such as grade (5) is the niobium titanium alloy cup, is waiting gland (9-8) inboard to be provided with the silicone rubber seal layer.
4. according to claim 1 for the pressure device that waits of measuring the solution system macroscopic property, it is characterized in that: in waiting compression cup (5), be provided with beaded glass (11).
5. according to claim 1 for the pressure device that waits of measuring the solution system macroscopic property, it is characterized in that: the end of described handle (9-1) is connected with the power output shaft of motor by connecting shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310185102.0A CN103278419B (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Constant pressure device for measuring thermodynamic property of solution system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310185102.0A CN103278419B (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Constant pressure device for measuring thermodynamic property of solution system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103278419A true CN103278419A (en) | 2013-09-04 |
| CN103278419B CN103278419B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310185102.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103278419B (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Constant pressure device for measuring thermodynamic property of solution system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108007814A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 天津科技大学 | For waiting compression cup and cup lid opening device under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions |
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| SU1458785A1 (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1989-02-15 | Inst Chimii Bashkirskogo | Method of determining the activity coefficients of components of binary mixtures |
| JP2005069899A (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-17 | Satoru Kato | Method for estimating infinite dilution activity coefficient for short-chained alkane in two-component system alkane solution |
| CN1616143A (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-18 | 石油大学(北京) | Stirrer |
| CN1949672A (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-04-18 | 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 | Cell lid structure for portable electronic apparatus |
| JP2011254853A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-12-22 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Deodorant and deodorization filter |
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2013
- 2013-05-17 CN CN201310185102.0A patent/CN103278419B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1458785A1 (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1989-02-15 | Inst Chimii Bashkirskogo | Method of determining the activity coefficients of components of binary mixtures |
| JP2005069899A (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2005-03-17 | Satoru Kato | Method for estimating infinite dilution activity coefficient for short-chained alkane in two-component system alkane solution |
| CN1616143A (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-18 | 石油大学(北京) | Stirrer |
| CN1949672A (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-04-18 | 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 | Cell lid structure for portable electronic apparatus |
| JP2011254853A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-12-22 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Deodorant and deodorization filter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 吴照丹: "硝酸锂-硝酸钾-水体系的等压法活度测定及热力学模拟", 《万方学位论文全文数据库》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108007814A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 天津科技大学 | For waiting compression cup and cup lid opening device under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions |
| CN108007814B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-03-26 | 天津科技大学 | Equal-pressure cup and cup cover opening device used under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions |
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| CN103278419B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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