CN103275751B - Crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting apparatus - Google Patents
Crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103275751B CN103275751B CN201310214820.6A CN201310214820A CN103275751B CN 103275751 B CN103275751 B CN 103275751B CN 201310214820 A CN201310214820 A CN 201310214820A CN 103275751 B CN103275751 B CN 103275751B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the crude oil first step electric desalting method and crude electric desalter that can reduce washing water consumption.This crude oil first step electric desalting method be do not add washing water or only add a small amount of washing water condition under, to treat that the crude oil of desalination mixes with emulsion splitter, then electrical desalter is injected at a suitable temperature, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer in or beyond this electrical desalter to become first step cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter.Due to the setting of strainer, solid salts substances in crude oil no longer needs to dissolve with washing water, therefore do not add washing water or only add a small amount of washing water, thus the usage quantity even cancelling washing water can be reduced mutually, just reducing the quantity discharged of sewage thus yet.The invention also discloses crude oil N(N >=2) level electric desalting method and crude oil secondary electric desalting method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crude oil electric desalting technology, be specifically related to a kind of crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting apparatus.
Background technology
All contain water and different types of salts substances in general crude oil, the form that these salts substances exist has two kinds, and a kind of be salt under solid state condition, and another kind is present in water for water in oil form.Therefore, exploitation crude oil out, after entering refinery, first must carry out desalting and dewatering.Mainly take electric desalting mode at present, its principle is first mixed with emulsion splitter and washing water by crude oil, wherein the effect of emulsion splitter destroys water-in-oil, promote the sedimentation of water, the effect of washing water is then dissolved by the body salts substances in crude oil, finally under electric field action, realize oily water separation, reach the object of desalting and dewatering.As shown in Figure 1, crude oil is specifically extracted out from oil tank by existing technology of electric de-salting, be mixed in proportion with emulsion splitter, washing water, certain temperature (normally about 80 ~ 120 DEG C is reached through interchanger and hot-fluid heat exchange, even higher, depending on oil property), again after crude oil, emulsion splitter and washing water fully mix by a mixing valve, then send into first step electrical desalter and carry out first time desalination, dehydration, in electrical desalter, water-in-oil is destroyed, and little water droplets coalescence becomes large water droplet, by settlement separate, effluent sewerage; The cleaned crude oil of discharging after first step desalination again carries out mixing rear feeding second stage desalter and carries out second time desalting and dewatering with emulsion splitter and washing water.Above-mentioned this electric desalting mode not only can consume a large amount of washing water, also can produce large amount of sewage simultaneously, both be not easy to subsequent disposal, and also improved running cost simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting apparatus that can reduce washing water and/or emulsion splitter consumption.
First the present invention provides a kind of crude oil first step electric desalting method, its be do not add washing water or only add a small amount of washing water condition under, to treat that the crude oil of desalination mixes with emulsion splitter, then electrical desalter is injected at a suitable temperature, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer in or beyond this electrical desalter to become first step cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter.For this crude oil first step electric desalting method, strainer had both played the effect of filtering solid salts substances, and can carry out physical disturbance to a certain degree to the water-in-oil destroyed without emulsion splitter in oil, therefore, it is possible to ensure dehydrating effect preferably.Due to the setting of this strainer, solid salts substances in crude oil no longer needs to dissolve with washing water, therefore the method is taked do not add washing water or only add a small amount of washing water, thus can reduce compared to the existing first step electric desalting usage quantity even cancelling washing water, also just reduce the quantity discharged of sewage thus.
The present invention secondly confession be a kind of crude oil N(N >=2) level electric desalting method, it is under the condition not adding washing water and/or emulsion splitter, or under the condition only adding a small amount of washing water and/or emulsion splitter, at a suitable temperature previous stage cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer in or beyond this electrical desalter to become N(N >=2 after filtering solid salts substances wherein) level cleaned crude oil, isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter.Based on the principle similar with above-mentioned crude oil first step electric desalting method, and because the most water-in-oils in crude oil destroy by previous stage electric desalting, therefore, above-mentioned this crude oil N(N >=2) level electric desalting method is compared to existing N(N >=2) level electric desalting can reduce even cancel washing water and/or emulsion splitter consumption.
Usually the cleaned crude oil carrying out secondary electric desalting can meet follow-up oil refining requirement.But consider the electric desalting also likely taking three grades of even more multilevels, therefore, then create the form of presentation as above-mentioned " crude oil N(N >=2) level electric desalting method ".To this, those skilled in the art obviously can understand.Certainly, if adopt the electric desalting of crude oil secondary, then crude oil secondary electric desalting method of the present invention is as follows: a) first step electric desalting: do not add washing water or only add a small amount of washing water condition under, to treat that the crude oil of desalination mixes with emulsion splitter, then electrical desalter is injected at a suitable temperature, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer in or beyond this electrical desalter to become first step cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter; B) second stage electric desalting: under the condition not adding washing water and/or emulsion splitter, or under the condition only adding a small amount of washing water and/or emulsion splitter, at a suitable temperature first step cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer in or beyond this electrical desalter to become second stage cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter.
In order to implement aforesaid method, the invention provides a kind of crude electric desalter, it comprises the electrical desalter being provided with opening for feed, oil outlet and water outlet, electrode is provided with in electrical desalter, this electrical desalter is connected with strainer, must by this strainer with filtering solid salts substances wherein for the oil discharged from described oil outlet.In above-mentioned electric desalting apparatus, described strainer both can be directly installed on electrical desalter, also can be separated into separately independently equipment with electrical desalter.Tank body strainer being arranged on electrical desalter is conducive to the system integration of electric desalting apparatus; Further, strainer originally as the container that a capacity is huge, is directly installed to tank body and more easily realizes by existing electrical desalter.When being directly installed on electrical desalter by strainer, this strainer can be arranged on tank interior and between electrode and oil outlet, and the outer wall that also can be arranged on tank body is connected with oil outlet.As the further improvement to electric desalting apparatus, the filtering element in described strainer is preferably conductor, it is applied with the voltage that can promote oily water separation.In addition, the filtering element in described strainer preferably adopts sintered porous material.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema of existing crude oil secondary electric desalting.
Fig. 2 is the schema of the crude oil secondary electric desalting of embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, crude oil secondary electric desalting method is: a) first step electric desalting: under the condition not adding washing water, to treat that the crude oil of desalination mixes with emulsion splitter, then electrical desalter 1 is injected at a suitable temperature, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by the strainer 2 that is positioned at this electrical desalter 1 to become first step cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter 1; B) second stage electric desalting: under the condition not adding washing water and emulsion splitter, at a suitable temperature first step cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter 1, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by the strainer 2 that is positioned at this electrical desalter 1 to become second stage cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter 1.Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, for the front and back stages electrical desalter 1 used, it is inner and between electrode 3 and oil outlet that strainer 2 is installed in corresponding electrical desalter 1, for the oil that discharges from described oil outlet must first by this strainer 2 with filtering solid salts substances wherein.Filtering element in strainer 2 all have employed conductive sintered porous material, it is applied with the voltage of 500 to 1000 volts, both dehydration was promoted by this voltage, utilize again the high strength of sintered porous material to carry out physical disturbance to the water-in-oil destroyed without emulsion splitter in oil, reach obvious mechanical demulsification.In addition, the filtering accuracy of the filtering element of the strainer 2 used in the electric desalting of the second stage, preferably should ensure filter cleaned crude oil in solid content at below 3mg/L, reach deep desalting effect.Crude oil secondary electric desalting method shown in Fig. 2 mainly has the following advantages: 1) water saving; 2) consumption of emulsion splitter is decreased; 3) quantity discharged of sewage is reduced.
Claims (7)
1. crude oil first step electric desalting method, it is characterized in that: under the condition not adding washing water, to treat that the crude oil of desalination mixes with emulsion splitter, then electrical desalter (1) is injected at a suitable temperature, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer (2) in or beyond this electrical desalter (1) to become first step cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter (1); Filtering element in described strainer (2) adopts sintered porous material.
2. crude oil N (N >=2) level electric desalting method, it is characterized in that: under the condition not adding washing water, at a suitable temperature previous stage cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter (1), and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer (2) in or beyond this electrical desalter (1) to become N (N >=2) level cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter (1); Filtering element in described strainer (2) adopts sintered porous material.
3. crude oil secondary electric desalting method, is characterized in that:
A) first step electric desalting
Under the condition not adding washing water, to treat that the crude oil of desalination mixes with emulsion splitter, then electrical desalter (1) is injected at a suitable temperature, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer (2) in or beyond this electrical desalter (1) to become first step cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter (1); Filtering element in strainer (2) in first step electric desalting adopts sintered porous material;
B) second stage electric desalting
Under the condition not adding washing water, at a suitable temperature first step cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter (1), and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by being positioned at strainer (2) in or beyond this electrical desalter (1) to become second stage cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after sedimentation in electrical desalter (1); Filtering element in strainer (2) in the electric desalting of the second stage adopts sintered porous material.
4. for the crude electric desalter of method described in any one claim in claims 1 to 3, comprise the electrical desalter (1) being provided with opening for feed, oil outlet and water outlet, electrode (3) is provided with in electrical desalter (1), it is characterized in that: electrical desalter (1) is connected with strainer (2), oil for discharging from described oil outlet will by this strainer (2) with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and the filtering element in described strainer (2) adopts sintered porous material; When this crude electric desalter uses, to treat that the crude oil of desalination mixes with emulsion splitter under the condition not adding washing water, then electrical desalter (1) is injected from opening for feed at a suitable temperature, and then oily water separation is realized in electrical desalter, isolated oil is by described strainer (2) to become cleaned crude oil after filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged from water outlet after sedimentation in electrical desalter (1).
5. crude electric desalter as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described strainer (2) is arranged on electrical desalter (1) inside and is positioned between electrode (3) and oil outlet.
6. crude electric desalter as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the outer wall that described strainer (2) is arranged on electrical desalter (1) is connected with oil outlet.
7. the crude electric desalter as described in claim 4,5 or 6, is characterized in that: the filtering element in described strainer (2) is conductor, it is applied with the voltage that can promote oily water separation.
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| CN102226100A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-10-26 | 肖天存 | Method and apparatus for high-efficient crude oil desalination / dehydration |
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| CN102226100A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-10-26 | 肖天存 | Method and apparatus for high-efficient crude oil desalination / dehydration |
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