CN103275751A - Crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting device - Google Patents
Crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103275751A CN103275751A CN2013102148206A CN201310214820A CN103275751A CN 103275751 A CN103275751 A CN 103275751A CN 2013102148206 A CN2013102148206 A CN 2013102148206A CN 201310214820 A CN201310214820 A CN 201310214820A CN 103275751 A CN103275751 A CN 103275751A
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- crude oil
- electrical desalter
- oil
- electric desalting
- desalter
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crude oil first-stage electric desalting method and a crude oil electric desalting device, which reduce the rinsing water consumption. According to the crude oil first-stage electric desalting method, under the condition that no rinsing water is added or a small amount of rinsing water is added, crude oil to be desalted is mixed with a demulsifier, and then is injected into an electric desalting tank under appropriate temperature to achieve oil-water separation in the electric desalting tank; and the separated oil is filtered by a filter positioned inside or outside the electric desalting tank to remove solid salt substances in the separated oil to become first-stage purified crude oil, and the separated water is deposited in the electric desalting tank and then discharged. The solid salt substances in the crude oil do not need to be dissolved with the rinsing water due to the arrangement of the filter, so that no rinsing water or only a small amount of rinsing water is added, the consumption of the rinsing water is reduced and even saved, and the discharging amount of waste water is reduced. The invention also discloses a crude oil Nth-stage (N is larger than 2) electric desalting method and a crude oil second stage electric desalting method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the crude oil electric desalting technology, be specifically related to a kind of crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting apparatus.
Background technology
All contain water and different types of salts substances in the general crude oil, the form that these salts substances exist has two kinds, and a kind of be salt under the solid state condition, and another kind is present in the water for water in oil form.Therefore, the crude oil that exploitation is come out must carry out desalting and dewatering earlier after entering refinery.Mainly take the electric desalting mode at present, its principle is earlier crude oil to be mixed with emulsion splitter and washing water, wherein the effect of emulsion splitter is that water-in-oil is destroyed, promote the sedimentation of water, the effect of washing water then is that the body salts substances in the crude oil is dissolved, under electric field action, realize oily water separation at last, reach the purpose of desalting and dewatering.As shown in Figure 1, existing technology of electric de-salting specifically is that crude oil is extracted out from oil tank, be mixed in proportion with emulsion splitter, washing water, reach certain temperature (normally about 80～120 ℃ through interchanger and hot-fluid heat exchange, even it is higher, decide on oil property), after through a mixing valve crude oil, emulsion splitter and washing water fully being mixed again, send into first step electrical desalter then and carry out the desalination first time, dehydration, in electrical desalter, water-in-oil is destroyed, and little water droplets coalescence becomes big water droplet, by settlement separate, effluent sewerage; The cleaned crude oil of discharging after the first step desalination again with send into second stage desalter after emulsion splitter and washing water mix and carry out the desalting and dewatering second time.Above-mentioned this electric desalting mode not only can consume a large amount of washing water, also can produce large amount of sewage simultaneously, both has been not easy to subsequent disposal, has also improved running cost simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides crude oil electric desalting method and the electric desalting apparatus that can reduce washing water and/or emulsion splitter consumption.
The present invention at first provides a kind of crude oil first step electric desalting method, it is not add washing water or only adding under the condition of a small amount of washing water, the crude oil for the treatment of desalination is mixed with emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, inject electrical desalter then, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes first step cleaned crude oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter or outer strainer after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter.For this crude oil first step electric desalting method, strainer had both played the effect of filtering solid salts substances, and can carry out physical disturbance to a certain degree to the water-in-oil that destroys without emulsion splitter in the oil, therefore can guarantee dehydrating effect preferably.Because the setting of this strainer, solid salts substances in the crude oil no longer needs to dissolve with washing water, therefore this method is taked not add washing water or is only added a small amount of washing water, thereby can reduce even cancel the usage quantity of washing water than existing first step electric desalting, also just reduce the sewage emissions amount thus.
The present invention secondly confession be a kind of crude oil N(N 〉=2) level electric desalting method, it is under the condition that does not add washing water and/or emulsion splitter, or under the condition that only adds a small amount of washing water and/or emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, the previous stage cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes N(N 〉=2 by being positioned at this electrical desalter or outer strainer after with filtering solid salts substances wherein) the level cleaned crude oil, isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter.Based on the similar principle of above-mentioned crude oil first step electric desalting method, and because the previous stage electric desalting destroys the most water-in-oils in the crude oil, therefore, above-mentioned this crude oil N(N 〉=2) level electric desalting method is than existing N(N 〉=2) the level electric desalting can reduce even cancel washing water and/or emulsion splitter consumption.
Usually the cleaned crude oil that carries out the secondary electric desalting can satisfy follow-up oil refining requirement.But consider and also might take three grades even the more electric desalting of multilevel, therefore, produced the form of presentation as above-mentioned " crude oil N(N 〉=2) level electric desalting method " then.To this, those skilled in the art obviously can understand.Certainly, if adopt the electric desalting of crude oil secondary, then crude oil secondary electric desalting method of the present invention is as follows: a) first step electric desalting: do not adding washing water or only adding under the condition of a small amount of washing water, the crude oil for the treatment of desalination is mixed with emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, inject electrical desalter then, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes first step cleaned crude oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter or outer strainer after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter; B) second stage electric desalting: under the condition that does not add washing water and/or emulsion splitter, or under the condition that only adds a small amount of washing water and/or emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, first step cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes second stage cleaned crude oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter or outer strainer after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter.
In order to implement aforesaid method, the invention provides a kind of crude electric desalter, it comprises the electrical desalter that is provided with opening for feed, oil outlet and water outlet, be provided with electrode in the electrical desalter, this electrical desalter is connected with strainer, and desire must be by this strainer with filtering solid salts substances wherein from the oil of described oil outlet discharging.In above-mentioned electric desalting apparatus, described strainer both can be directly installed on the electrical desalter, also can be separated into separate equipment separately with electrical desalter.Strainer is installed in the system integration that is conducive to electric desalting apparatus on the tank body of electrical desalter; And existing electrical desalter directly is installed to the easier realization of tank body originally as a container that capacity is huge with strainer.When being directly installed on strainer on the electrical desalter, this strainer can be installed in tank interior and between electrode and oil outlet, also can be installed on the outer wall of tank body and with oil outlet to be connected.As the further improvement to electric desalting apparatus, the filtering element in the described strainer is preferably conductor, is applied with the voltage that can promote oily water separation on it.In addition, the filtering element in the described strainer preferably adopts sintered porous material.
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of existing crude oil secondary electric desalting.
Fig. 2 is the schema of the crude oil secondary electric desalting of embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, crude oil secondary electric desalting method is: a) first step electric desalting: under the condition that does not add washing water, the crude oil for the treatment of desalination is mixed with emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, inject electrical desalter 1 then, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, the strainer 2 of isolated oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter 1 becomes first step cleaned crude oil after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter 1; B) second stage electric desalting: under the condition that does not add washing water and emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, first step cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter 1, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, the strainer 2 of isolated oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter 1 becomes second stage cleaned crude oil after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter 1.Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, for the front and back stages electrical desalter 1 that uses, strainer 2 is installed in respective electrical desalter 1 inside and between electrode 3 and oil outlet, desire must be passed through this strainer 2 earlier with filtering solid salts substances wherein from the oil of described oil outlet discharging.Filtering element in the strainer 2 has all adopted conductive sintered porous material, be applied with 500 to 1000 volts voltage on it, both can promote dehydration by this voltage, utilize the high strength of sintered porous material that the water-in-oil that destroys without emulsion splitter in the oil is carried out physical disturbance again, reach tangible mechanical demulsification.In addition, the filtering accuracy of the filtering element of the strainer 2 that uses in the electric desalting of the second stage, the solid content in the cleaned crude oil that preferably should guarantee to filter reaches the deep desalting effect below 3mg/L.Crude oil secondary electric desalting method shown in Figure 2 mainly has the following advantages: 1) water saving; 2) reduced the consumption of emulsion splitter; 3) reduced the sewage emissions amount.
Claims (8)
1. crude oil first step electric desalting method, it is characterized in that: do not adding washing water or only adding under the condition of a small amount of washing water, the crude oil for the treatment of desalination is mixed with emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, inject electrical desalter (1) then, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes first step cleaned crude oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter (1) or outer strainer (2) after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter (1).
2. crude oil N(N 〉=2) level electric desalting method, it is characterized in that: under the condition that does not add washing water and/or emulsion splitter, or under the condition that only adds a small amount of washing water and/or emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, the previous stage cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter (1), and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes N(N 〉=2 by being positioned at this electrical desalter (1) or outer strainer (2) after with filtering solid salts substances wherein) the level cleaned crude oil, isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter (1).
3. crude oil secondary electric desalting method is characterized in that:
A) first step electric desalting
Do not adding washing water or only adding under the condition of a small amount of washing water, the crude oil for the treatment of desalination is mixed with emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, inject electrical desalter (1) then, and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes first step cleaned crude oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter (1) or outer strainer (2) after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter (1);
B) second stage electric desalting
Under the condition that does not add washing water and/or emulsion splitter, or under the condition that only adds a small amount of washing water and/or emulsion splitter, under suitable temperature, first step cleaned crude oil is injected electrical desalter (1), and then in electrical desalter, realize oily water separation, isolated oil becomes second stage cleaned crude oil by being positioned at this electrical desalter (1) or outer strainer (2) after with filtering solid salts substances wherein, and isolated water is discharged after the sedimentation in electrical desalter (1).
4. crude electric desalter, comprise the electrical desalter (1) that is provided with opening for feed, oil outlet and water outlet, be provided with electrode (3) in the electrical desalter (1), it is characterized in that: electrical desalter (1) is connected with strainer (2), and desire will be by this strainer (2) with filtering solid salts substances wherein from the oil of described oil outlet discharging.
5. crude electric desalter as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: it is inner and be positioned between electrode (3) and the oil outlet that described strainer (2) is installed in electrical desalter (1).
6. crude electric desalter as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described strainer (2) is installed on the outer wall of electrical desalter (1) and with oil outlet and is connected.
7. as claim 4,5 or 6 described crude electric desalters, it is characterized in that: the filtering element in the described strainer (2) is conductor, is applied with the voltage that can promote oily water separation on it.
8. crude electric desalter as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described filtering element employing sintered porous material.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310214820.6A CN103275751B (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | Crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting apparatus |
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| CN201310214820.6A CN103275751B (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | Crude oil electric desalting method and electric desalting apparatus |
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| CN103275751A true CN103275751A (en) | 2013-09-04 |
| CN103275751B CN103275751B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112624566A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 上海天汉环境资源有限公司 | Dehydration process for high-water-content oil sludge |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102226100A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-10-26 | 肖天存 | Method and apparatus for high-efficient crude oil desalination / dehydration |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102226100A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-10-26 | 肖天存 | Method and apparatus for high-efficient crude oil desalination / dehydration |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112624566A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 上海天汉环境资源有限公司 | Dehydration process for high-water-content oil sludge |
| CN112624566B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-09-26 | 上海天汉环境资源有限公司 | Dehydration process for high-water-content oil sludge |
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| CN103275751B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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Denomination of invention: Crude oil electric desalination method and electric desalination device Granted publication date: 20151202 Pledgee: Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co.,Ltd. Chengdu Branch Pledgor: INTERMET TECHNOLOGIES CHENGDU Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980039664 |