CN103272490B - A kind of fiber reinforcement flat carbon film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of fiber reinforcement flat carbon film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103272490B
CN103272490B CN201310227547.0A CN201310227547A CN103272490B CN 103272490 B CN103272490 B CN 103272490B CN 201310227547 A CN201310227547 A CN 201310227547A CN 103272490 B CN103272490 B CN 103272490B
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carbon film
carbon
fiber reinforcement
preparation
film
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CN103272490A (en
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王同华
宋成文
李琳
姜士敏
隋景杰
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Dalian Karui Bona Science & Technology Co Ltd
Dalian University of Technology
Dalian Maritime University
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Dalian Karui Bona Science & Technology Co Ltd
Dalian University of Technology
Dalian Maritime University
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of fiber reinforcement flat carbon film and preparation method thereof.Described fiber reinforcement flat carbon film is made up of carbon matrix and the fibre reinforced materials being full of carbon matrix, and it is characterized in that, carbon matrix is continuous phase, has flourishing pore structure; Fibre reinforced materials is decentralized photo, combines together with carbon matrix.This fiber reinforcement flat carbon film intensity is high, resistance to corrosion is strong.Described preparation method comprises following processing step: the persursor material taking carbonaceous material as flat carbon film, pulverized rear and additive mix, the mould that inner side scribbles releasing agent is put into after ball milling, screening, fibre reinforced materials is added in material simultaneously, through shaping, open film, drying and carbonization and obtain fiber reinforcement flat carbon film.The method achieve siccative direct pressing and prepare high strength flat carbon film, have that preparation technology is simple, low production cost, the advantage such as with short production cycle.

Description

A kind of fiber reinforcement flat carbon film and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of membrane separation, particularly relate to a kind of fiber reinforcement flat carbon film and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Carbon membrane is a kind of novel charcoal basement membrane parting material, the advantage (efficient, energy-conservation) of Carbon Materials excellent structural characteristic (abundant pore structure, homogeneous pore-size distribution) and membrane material, organically blending is integrated for it, shows good application prospect in gas separaion, fluid separation applications etc.Carbon membrane normally by carbonaceous material under vacuum or inert gas shielding, be prepared from through high temperature pyrolysis.According to the difference of structure, carbon membrane can be divided into homogeneous carbon membrane and compound carbon membrane, and homogeneous carbon membrane can be divided into again flat carbon film, tubulose carbon membrane, hollow fiber carbon membrane and capillary carbon membrane.
The homogeneous carbon membrane middle plateform reported at present and the preparation method of tubulose carbon membrane mainly adopt the extruded rear charing of wet method to be prepared from (such as: CN1490076A, CN102527257A, CN101733001A, CN01147847A, CN1415406A and CN1569316A).In shaping film-forming process, this method needs to introduce solvent (as organic solvent or water) and binding agent, and prepare former film through mixing, refining, ageing and the technique such as shaping, then former film needs after long-time drying at room temperature, just can carry out charing and be prepared into carbon membrane.Therefore, adopt this legal system for carbon membrane, not only need to spend very long drying time, simultaneously prevent former film bend or the generation in crack in the dry run temperature and humidity that will meticulously control environment, add the complexity of preparation process and control difficulty, improve production cost.In addition, because the charcoal skeleton structure of carbon membrane at high temperature merges formation with the form of carbon and pulverized coal particle through certain polycondensation reaction mutually primarily of undecomposed binding agent, its intensity is not very high usually, and in actual application, as in the separation process of membrane module assembling and feed liquid, all to bear certain External Force Acting, and the circulation impact will resisting feed liquid with wash away, therefore, the requirement of large-scale commercial can't be met in mechanical strength according to the carbon membrane that this legal system is standby.
Fiber reinforcement flat carbon film, on the basis ensureing the original excellent machinability of carbon membrane and hole structural property, is significantly strengthened the mechanical strength of existing carbon membrane, can meet the application of multiple occasion by the fibrous material adding high strength.Therefore, development of new fiber reinforcement flat carbon film, will expand the application of existing carbon membrane further, accelerates the industrialization process of carbon membrane.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide simple, with low cost, corrosion resistant high strength flat carbon film of a kind of preparation technology and preparation method thereof, needs meticulous control, production cycle length, intensity to be difficult to meet the deficiencies such as demand of industrial production to solve and to make up in existing carbon membrane material preparation process.
Fiber reinforcement flat carbon film of the present invention is made up of carbon matrix and the fibre reinforced materials being full of carbon matrix, and it is characterized in that, carbon matrix is continuous phase, has flourishing pore structure; Fibre reinforced materials is decentralized photo, combines together with carbon matrix.The compression strength of fiber reinforcement flat carbon film of the present invention is preferably 65-140kg/cm 2, the average pore size of pore structure is preferably 0.14 – 0.60 μm, and porosity is preferably 30-50%.
The present invention comprises following processing step for the preparation of the method for above-mentioned fiber reinforcement flat carbon film: the persursor material taking carbonaceous material as flat carbon film, pulverized rear and additive mix, the mould that inner side scribbles releasing agent is put into after ball milling, screening, fibre reinforced materials is added in material simultaneously, through shaping, open film, drying and carbonization and obtain fiber reinforcement flat carbon film.
Carbonaceous material is generally the coal of different rank, as anthracite, coking coal, bottle coal, rich coal, lean coal, bituminous coal, brown coal, plant base charcoal, resin-based charcoal, petroleum coke, MCMB, phenolic resins etc., one or more mixture wherein can be used.In addition, carbonaceous material preferred powder is broken to 200-500 μm.
Additive generally selects one or more the mixture in carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, phenolic resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral resin, polystyrene, and its addition is generally the 5%-40% of persursor material and additive gross mass.
Ball milling refers to that batch mixing is put into ball mill carries out milled processed, and the processing time, general control was at 0.5-4h.
Screening refers to that control raw meal particle size is at 5-50 μm with screen cloth by large granular materials screening removal.
One or more the mixture in oleic acid, silicone oil, methyl-silicone oil, paraffin, glycerine, vaseline generally selected by releasing agent.
Fibre reinforced materials can use ceramic fibre net, shortly cut ceramic fibre, silicon carbide fibre net, boron fibre net, Al 2o 3one or more mixture in fleece, carbon fibre web, short carbon fiber, stainless steel cloth, nickel screen, the consumption of fibre reinforced materials is generally the 3-10% of persursor material quality.
Condition of molding is preferably as follows: briquetting pressure controls at 60-200MPa, and the dwell time controls at 10-20min.
Open film and refer to that opening mould takes out film, now preferably the board-like carbon membrane plate jig pressed is clamped, to prevent Flat Membrane malformation.
The complete Flat Membrane of preparation is carried out drying process, and baking temperature controls usually between room temperature is to 100 DEG C, and drying time is generally 1-12h.
Dried former film is put into temperature programming and control retort, heat up under vacuum or inert gas shielding and carry out charing process, just prepare fiber reinforcement flat carbon film.Wherein inert gas selects nitrogen or argon gas usually, and heating rate general control is at 0.5-10 DEG C/min, and charing final temperature selects 600-1000 DEG C usually, and general constant temperature 30-120min at this temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Fiber reinforcement flat carbon film intensity of the present invention is high, resistance to corrosion strong, has broad application prospects in gas, fluid separation applications field.In addition, the preparation method of the flat carbon film that the present invention develops achieves siccative direct pressing and prepares high strength flat carbon film, there is the advantages such as preparation technology is simple, low production cost, and due in preparation process without the need to introducing liquid flux, thus significantly shorten the production cycle.
Detailed description of the invention
Following non-limiting example can make the present invention of those of ordinary skill in the art's comprehend, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
After anchracite duff being broken to 200-500 μm, take 100g anchracite duff respectively and 20g starch puts into grinding in ball grinder 2h, with screen cloth, large granular materials screening is removed, control raw meal particle size between 20-30 μm.Material is put into inner side scribble the mould of silicone oil and add 6g ceramic fibre net, after paving when briquetting pressure is 80MPa shaping press mold, after pressurize 10min, open mould, the board-like carbon membrane plate jig pressed clamped at room temperature dry 5h.Dried former film is put into temperature programming and control retort, under argon shield, rise to 900 DEG C and constant temperature 30min with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min, treat that it is cooled to less than 100 DEG C just can take out.Carbon membrane performance is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2-9
According to the step of embodiment 1, but reinforcing material adds by the type provided in table 1, and the carbon membrane performance obtained is as shown in table 1.
The carbon membrane performance that table 1 is prepared under using different reinforcing material condition
Embodiment 10
After coking coal powder being broken to 200-500 μm, take 100g coking coal powder respectively and grinding in ball grinder 3h put into by 25g polyvinyl alcohol, with screen cloth, large granular materials screening is removed, control raw meal particle size between 10-20 μm.Material is put into inner side scribble the mould of glycerine and add 3g boron fibre net, after paving when briquetting pressure is 100MPa shaping press mold, after pressurize 10min, open mould, the board-like carbon membrane plate jig pressed clamped at room temperature dry 3h.Dried former film is put into temperature programming and control retort, under argon shield, rise to 800 DEG C and constant temperature 60min with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, treat that it is cooled to less than 100 DEG C just can take out.Carbon membrane performance is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 11-19
According to the step of embodiment 10, but add by the type provided in table 2 containing carbon matrix precursor, the carbon membrane performance obtained is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 uses the carbon membrane performance of different carbon containing precursor power
Embodiment 20
After bituminous coal powder being broken to 200-500 μm, take 100g bituminous coal respectively and 25g carboxymethyl cellulose puts into grinding in ball grinder 4h, with screen cloth, large granular materials screening is removed, control raw meal particle size between 5 and 15 mum.Material is put into inner side scribble the mould of vaseline and add 4g Carbon fibe net, after paving when briquetting pressure is 120MPa shaping press mold, after pressurize 20min, open mould, the board-like carbon membrane plate jig pressed clamped at room temperature dry 2h.Dried former film is put into temperature programming and control retort, under argon shield, rise to 950 DEG C and constant temperature 60min with the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, treat that it is cooled to less than 100 DEG C just can take out.Carbon membrane performance is shown in Table 3.
Embodiment 21-26
According to the step of embodiment 20, but additive adds by the type provided in table 3, and the carbon membrane performance obtained is as shown in table 3.
The carbon membrane performance that table 3 uses different additive to prepare
Embodiment 27
After rich coal and lean coal are crushed to 200-500 μm, take 70g rich coal, 30g lean coal and 15g polyvinyl alcohol respectively and put into grinding in ball grinder 1h, with screen cloth, large granular materials screening is removed, control raw meal particle size between 25-35 μm.Material is put into inner side scribble the mould of paraffin and add 8g short carbon fiber, after paving when briquetting pressure is 150MPa shaping press mold, after pressurize 20min, open mould, the board-like carbon membrane plate jig pressed clamped at room temperature dry 2h.Dried former film is put into temperature programming and control retort, under argon shield, rise to 850 DEG C and constant temperature 30min with the heating rate of 6 DEG C/min, treat that it is cooled to less than 100 DEG C just can take out.Carbon membrane performance is shown in Table 4.
Embodiment 28-30
According to the step of embodiment 27, but add by the type provided in table 4 containing carbon matrix precursor, the carbon membrane performance obtained is as shown in table 4.
The carbon membrane performance that table 4 uses different presoma mixture to prepare
Embodiment 31
After rich coal being crushed to 200-500 μm, taking 100g rich coal, 15g phenolic resins and 5g polystyrene and put into grinding in ball grinder 1.5h, with screen cloth, large granular materials screening is removed, control raw meal particle size between 20-30 μm.Material is put into inner side scribble the mould of paraffin and add 10gAl 2o 3fleece, after paving when briquetting pressure is 80MPa shaping press mold, after pressurize 10min, open mould, the board-like carbon membrane plate jig pressed clamped at room temperature dry 6h.Dried former film is put into temperature programming and control retort, under argon shield, rise to 800 DEG C and constant temperature 60min with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, treat that it is cooled to less than 100 DEG C just can take out.Carbon membrane performance is shown in Table 5.
Embodiment 32-35
According to the step of embodiment 31, but additive adds by the type provided in table 5, and the carbon membrane performance obtained is as shown in table 5.
The carbon membrane performance that table 5 uses different additive mixture to prepare

Claims (5)

1. prepare the method for fiber reinforcement flat carbon film for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise following processing step: the persursor material taking carbonaceous material as flat carbon film, pulverized rear and additive mix, the mould that inner side scribbles releasing agent is put into after ball milling, screening, fibre reinforced materials is added in material simultaneously, through shaping, open film, drying and carbonization and obtain fiber reinforcement flat carbon film;
Described fiber reinforcement flat carbon film, be made up of carbon matrix and the fibre reinforced materials being full of carbon matrix, carbon matrix is continuous phase, has flourishing pore structure; Fibre reinforced materials is decentralized photo, combines together with carbon matrix;
Carbonaceous material is one or more the mixture in anthracite, coking coal, bottle coal, rich coal, lean coal, bituminous coal, brown coal, plant base charcoal, resin-based charcoal, petroleum coke, MCMB, phenolic resins, and carbonaceous material is crushed to 200-500 μm;
Additive is one or more the mixture in carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, phenolic resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral resin, polystyrene;
Ball-milling treatment time controling is at 0.5-4h, and screening controls raw meal particle size at 5-50 μm;
Briquetting pressure controls at 60-200MPa, and the dwell time controls at 10-20min.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, additive addition is the 5%-40% of persursor material and additive gross mass.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, fibre reinforced materials is ceramic fibre net, shortly cuts ceramic fibre, silicon carbide fibre net, boron fibre net, Al 2o 3one or more mixture in fleece, carbon fibre web, short carbon fiber, stainless steel cloth, nickel screen, the consumption of fibre reinforced materials is the 3-10% of persursor material quality.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, drying is carried out between room temperature is to 100 DEG C, and drying time controls at 1-12h.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, carbonizes and carries out under vacuum or inert gas shielding; inert gas selects nitrogen or argon gas; heating rate controls at 0.5-10 DEG C/min, and charing final temperature is at 600-1000 DEG C, and constant temperature 30-120min at this temperature.
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CN105597560B (en) * 2015-12-24 2018-01-16 鲁东大学 A kind of preparation method of biomass-based carbon membrane
CN105854629B (en) * 2016-03-23 2019-10-08 成都易态科技有限公司 Porous membrane and preparation method thereof
CN108043243B (en) * 2017-12-13 2021-05-14 沈阳工业大学 Performance regulation and control method of carbon membrane for purifying oily wastewater
CN110448958A (en) * 2019-07-25 2019-11-15 天津大学 The preparation method of fiber reinforcement type porous charcoal base electro-catalysis filtrate
CN111960602B (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-11-22 大连理工大学 Method for treating electroplating wastewater by using electrocoagulation/electrochemical oxidation coupling process
CN114531925B (en) * 2021-03-25 2024-07-12 宁德新能源科技有限公司 Carbon current collector, electrochemical device and electronic device including the same
CN114272758B (en) * 2022-01-27 2022-10-28 南京新核复合材料有限公司 Carbon fiber combined permeable membrane
CN114984766B (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-06-16 天津工业大学 Preparation method of carbon film with self-adhesion performance and obtained carbon film
CN115920665B (en) * 2022-11-15 2024-05-10 大连理工大学 Preparation method of composite carbon film

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