CN103271145B - Low-dosage chemical bactericide used for controlling postharvest diseases of fruits - Google Patents
Low-dosage chemical bactericide used for controlling postharvest diseases of fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN103271145B CN103271145B CN201310227434.0A CN201310227434A CN103271145B CN 103271145 B CN103271145 B CN 103271145B CN 201310227434 A CN201310227434 A CN 201310227434A CN 103271145 B CN103271145 B CN 103271145B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-dosage chemical bactericide used for controlling the postharvest diseases of fruits. The effective components of each liter of the low-dosage chemical bactericide comprise 1-10mg of imazalil, 1-10mg of prochloraz and 1-10mg of iminoctadine tris(albesilate). When the low-dosage chemical bactericide is practically used, the surface sprinkling (just fruit surface wetting) or postharvest immersion for 1-5min of the preharvest orange fruits by or in the low-dosage chemical bactericide can control the penicilliosis of the orange fruits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to postharvest diseases of fruit Prevention Technique field, more particularly a kind of preservation technique of preventing and treating citrusfruit postharvest disease.
Background technology
The citrusfruit postharvest disease being caused by various disease funguses accounts for 50% left and right of citrusfruit total losses.At present, the major measure of controlling oranges and tangerines postharvest disease both at home and abroad remains and depends on chemical bactericide.Chemical bactericide has that the mechanism of action is clear and definite, tire height and effect stability, and can control the advantages such as pathogen of adopting front latent infection, so remain up to now one of main method of control postharvest disease.Chinese invention patent (application number 200910028802.2, a kind of citrus preservative) provides the number of chemical bactericide that can control citrus disease, comprises thiophanate methyl, carbendazim.Chinese invention patent (application number 200910028804.1) provides the chemical bactericide that can control citrus disease, comprises 2,4-D sodium salt, thiophanate.Chinese invention patent (application number 201110209305.X) provide the number of chemical bactericide that can control citrus disease, comprises kresoxim-methyl, azoles bacterium amine fat, oxime bacterium ester, Enestroburin etc.
Owing to being widely used for a long time traditionally a kind of bactericide, can cause serious drug Resistance of Pathogenic Microorganism from Surface problem, not only cause the effect of bactericide to reduce, and can strengthen the demand of use amount and the demand of development of new bactericide that improves bactericide.But the cost of a new type bactericide of exploitation is very high, America and Europe, approximately need the exploitation funds of 1.84 ~ 200,000,000 dollars.
Imazalil (Imazalil) series bactericidal agent, Prochloraz (Prochloraz) series bactericidal agent, biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates (Iminoctadine tris) series bactericidal agent are the chemical bactericides that can be used at present fruit anti-corrosive fresh-keeping; But when using separately, all need to reach the valid density of 200-500mg/kg, could realize the effective inhibition to citrusfruit penicilliosis disease.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of for controlling the low dosage chemical bactericide of oranges and tangerines postharvest disease.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind ofly for controlling the low dosage chemical bactericide of oranges and tangerines postharvest disease, the active ingredient in every L low dosage chemical bactericide is comprised of the component of following content:
1 ~ 10 milligram of imazalil (Imazalil),
1 ~ 10 milligram of Prochloraz (Prochloraz),
1 ~ 10 milligram of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate (Iminoctadine tris).
As of the present invention for controlling the improvement of the low dosage chemical bactericide of oranges and tangerines postharvest disease: every L low dosage chemical bactericide forms by the imazalil series bactericidal agent that contains 1 ~ 10 milligram of imazalil, the Prochloraz series bactericidal agent that contains 1 ~ 10 milligram of Prochloraz, the biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate series bactericidal agents that contain 1 ~ 10 milligram of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate with as the water of surplus.
As of the present invention for controlling the further improvement of the low dosage chemical bactericide of oranges and tangerines postharvest disease: the active ingredient of every L low dosage chemical bactericide is grouped into by the one-tenth of following content:
10 milligrams of imazalils (Imazalil),
10 milligrams of Prochlorazs (Prochloraz),
10 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates (Iminoctadine tris).
The present invention relates to a kind of method of controlling oranges and tangerines postharvest disease based on low dosage chemical bactericide compound use.During the actual use of the present invention, after the imazalil that contains 1 ~ 10 milligram of imazalil (Imazalil) series bactericidal agent, Prochloraz (Prochloraz) series bactericidal agent that contains 1 ~ 10 milligram of Prochloraz, biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates (Iminoctadine tris) series bactericidal agent that contains 1 ~ 10 milligram of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate are mixed, water is settled to 1L; Thereby obtain low dosage chemical bactericide of the present invention.
The citrusfruit disease control method being used in conjunction with based on imazalil, Prochloraz and biguanides three octyl benzenesulfonates chemical bactericide low dosages provided by the present invention, compare with the method for single use chemical bactericide, can reduce former working concentration more than 20 to 100 times, thereby significantly reduce the potential harm of using chemical bactericide to exist, and due to the type that has comprised various sterilization agent in the combination of used low dosage bactericide, also by the possibility that significantly reduces pathogen and develop immunity to drugs.In addition due to the significantly reduction of institute's working concentration, also can significantly reduce the cost that uses chemical bactericide.Therefore, use this method, there is the advantages such as safe, easy and simple to handle, with low cost, effect is remarkable, there is good actual application prospect and value.
During the actual use of low dosage chemical bactericide of the present invention, above-mentioned low dosage chemical bactericide is carried out to surface sprinkling (fruit surface is wetting) or adopts the rear immersion method of 1 ~ 5 minute, the penicilliosis that can prevent and treat citrusfruit adopting front citrusfruit.Remaining packing and the same prior art of storage mode.
In sum, the present invention can effectively control the postharvest disease of oranges and tangerines significantly reducing under the prerequisite of chemical bactericide use amount, has important application and popularization value.
The specific embodiment
Experiment 1: chemical bactericide combination is on controlling the impact of the real penicilliosis of Pon hesperidium aurantium
1, experiment material:
Fruit is oranges and tangerines, and kind is Pon mandarin orange.Pathogen: Penicillium digitatum.
The bactericide that uses is:
Tie up fresh, imazalil (Imazalil) series bactericidal agent, formulation is 50% missible oil, purchased from Belgian Yang Sen drugmaker, normally uses recommended density to be every 5 milliliters and adds water 7.5-10 kilogram.
Flutter mould spirit, Prochloraz (Prochloraz) series bactericidal agent, formulation is suspending agent, purchased from Israel Maxime chemical company, normally uses recommended density for 250-500mg/kg.
Hundred can obtain, biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates (Iminoctadine tris) series bactericidal agent, and formulation is 40% wettable powder, purchased from Dainippon Ink. & Chemicals Inc, normally uses recommended density for 200-400mg/kg.
2, process:
(1), fruit pretreatment: choose outward appearance neat, without the fruit of disease and pest, first with running water, clean, and then immerse 0.1%(mass concentration) liquor natrii hypochloritis in sterilize 2 minutes, take out, with running water, rinse well again, wash away remaining clorox, dry standby.
(2), anti-corrosive fresh-keeping experiment: with the card punch of sterilizing the 3mm of fruit waist puncture homogeneous dark * the wide wound of 6mm.In each wound, add respectively the following solution of 30 μ l (that is, the corresponding chemical bactericide of following processing):
(3), following group is set:
1) process 1, blank: i.e. water treatment.
2) process 2, comparative example: every liter of chemical bactericide is fresh and form as the water of surplus by the dimension that contains 1 milligram of imazalil.
3) process 3, comparative example: every liter of chemical bactericide is fresh and form as the water of surplus by the dimension that contains 10 milligrams of imazalils.
4) process 4, comparative example: every liter of chemical bactericide is fresh and form as the water of surplus by the dimension that contains 100 milligrams of imazalils.
5) process 5, comparative example: every liter of chemical bactericide is fresh and form as the water of surplus by the dimension that contains 1000 milligrams of imazalils.
6) process 6, comparative example: every liter of chemical bactericide is by containing the mould spirit of flutterring of 10 milligrams of Prochlorazs and forming as the water of surplus.
7) process 7, comparative example: every liter of chemical bactericide is by hundred can forming with the water as surplus of containing 10 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates.
8) process 8, low dosage chemical bactericide provided by the invention: every L low dosage chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 10 milligrams of imazalils, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 10 milligrams of Prochlorazs, contain hundred of 10 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates can form with the water as surplus.
9) process 9, low dosage chemical bactericide provided by the invention: every L low dosage chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 5 milligrams of imazalils, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 5 milligrams of Prochlorazs, contain hundred of 5 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates can form with the water as surplus.
10) process 10, low dosage bactericide combination provided by the invention: every L low dosage chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 1 milligram of imazalil, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 1 milligram of Prochloraz, contain hundred of 1 milligram of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate can form with the water as surplus.
11) process 11, comparative example: every L chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 15 milligrams of imazalils, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 15 milligrams of Prochlorazs and form as the water of surplus.
12) process 12, comparative example: every L chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 15 milligrams of imazalils, contain hundred of 15 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates can form with the water as surplus.
13) process 13, comparative example: every L chemical bactericide by containing the mould spirit of flutterring of 15 milligrams of Prochlorazs, contain hundred of 15 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates and can form with the water as surplus.
14) process 14, comparative example: every L chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 13 milligrams of imazalils, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 13 milligrams of Prochlorazs, contain hundred of 13 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates can form with the water as surplus.
15) process 15, comparative example: every L chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 14 milligrams of imazalils, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 8 milligrams of Prochlorazs, contain hundred of 8 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates can form with the water as surplus.
16) process 16, comparative example: every L chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 8 milligrams of imazalils, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 14 milligrams of Prochlorazs, contain hundred of 8 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates can form with the water as surplus.
17) process 17, comparative example: every L chemical bactericide is fresh by the dimension that contains 8 milligrams of imazalils, contain the mould spirit of flutterring of 8 milligrams of Prochlorazs, contain hundred of 14 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates can form with the water as surplus.
More than finish dealing with and (that is, add chemical bactericide after 2 hours) after 2 hours, get 5 * 10
4the Penicillium digitatum bacteria suspension 30 μ l of cfu/ml, are seeded in each fruit wound.These treated waters are really placed in 400 * 300 * 200mm plastic crate, with PE preservative film, cover sealing, keep 95% relative humidity.And by its preservation at 25 ℃.Regularly fruit wound disease incidence and scab diameter are observed and added up.Result represents with average attack rate (%) and average scab diameter (mm).Every processing repeats 3 times, and each repeats 6 fruits.Whole experiment repeats 3 times.
3, result: as shown in table 1, when imazalil is used separately, only, when concentration 1000 mg/litre, could produce the effective inhibition to the real penicilliosis disease of the Pon hesperidium aurantium incidence of disease, after processing, can reduce the disease incidence of disease of 70 percentage points of left and right.In the time of only reducing by 26.7%, the 4 day to the incidence of disease of this disease the 3rd day time when the Prochloraz of 10 mg/litre concentration is used separately, only can reduce by 13.3%; And biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates during 10 mg/litre concentration almost do not have inhibitory action to the incidence of disease of this disease.
And the concentration being comprised of imazalil, Prochloraz, biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates provided by the invention is respectively the low dosage bactericide combination (processing 8) of 10 mg/litre and can suppresses the disease that Pon hesperidium aurantium inoculates after pathogen the 3rd day really completely and occur, and the incidence of disease in the time of the 4th day and average scab diameter be only respectively 6.7% and 0.8 millimeter, it is only 6.7% and 3.1% of blank; Not only compare with imazalil, Prochloraz, the biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates of 10 mg/litre concentration of independent use, inhibitory effect increases substantially, and is better than the effect of 1000 mg/litre imazalils.And the valid density of each composition is reduced to 5 mg/litre even during 1 mg/litre in this combination, although decline to some extent with the processing 8 control effect that compare disease, still can maintain the level of control higher to this disease, be still better than or approach 1000 mg/litre imazalils to the control effect of disease (process 9, process 10).When the valid density of each composition is elevated to 13 mg/litre in this combination, (process 14), it is close with processing 8 to the higher level of control of this disease.
And use imazalil, Prochloraz, biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates in any both combination (processing 11,12 and 13) of 15 mg/litre concentration, to the control effect of disease with process 8 and compare all and significantly decline.
And compare with the present invention's (processing 8) by processing 15 ~ processing 17, we learn: when the concentration of imazalil, Prochloraz, biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates is 1:1:1, best to the control effect of disease.
Therefore the effect highly significant of the inhibition disease of low dosage bactericide combination provided by the invention, and can significantly reduce the use amount of bactericide.
The control of table 1 low dosage bactericide combination to the real penicilliosis of Pon hesperidium aurantium
Finally, it is also to be noted that, what more than enumerate is only several specific embodiments of the present invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, can also have many distortion.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention, all should think protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. for controlling the low dosage chemical bactericide of oranges and tangerines postharvest disease, it is characterized in that: the active ingredient in every L low dosage chemical bactericide is comprised of the component of following content:
1 ~ 10 milligram of imazalil,
1 ~ 10 milligram of Prochloraz,
1 ~ 10 milligram of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate.
2. according to claim 1 for controlling the low dosage chemical bactericide of oranges and tangerines postharvest disease, it is characterized in that: every L low dosage chemical bactericide forms by the imazalil series bactericidal agent that contains 1 ~ 10 milligram of imazalil, the Prochloraz series bactericidal agent that contains 1 ~ 10 milligram of Prochloraz, the biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate series bactericidal agents that contain 1 ~ 10 milligram of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonate with as the water of surplus.
3. according to claim 1 and 2 for controlling the low dosage chemical bactericide of oranges and tangerines postharvest disease, it is characterized in that: the active ingredient in every L low dosage chemical bactericide is grouped into by the one-tenth of following content:
10 milligrams of imazalils,
10 milligrams of Prochlorazs,
10 milligrams of biguanides three octyl benzene sulfonates.
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| CN103583678B (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-13 | 广西杨氏鲜果有限公司 | Storage and fresh-keeping method for navel oranges |
| CN108739995B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2021-10-12 | 广西东鸣现代农业发展有限公司 | Method for refreshing and storing Or |
| CN108739998A (en) * | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-06 | 广西农垦国有立新农场 | A kind of citrus plucks rear fresh-keeping method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101272686A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2008-09-24 | 詹森药业有限公司 | Synergistic imazalil combinations |
| CN101861871A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-10-20 | 陕西美邦农资贸易有限公司 | Sterilization compound containing imazalil and prochloraz |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101272686A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2008-09-24 | 詹森药业有限公司 | Synergistic imazalil combinations |
| CN101861871A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-10-20 | 陕西美邦农资贸易有限公司 | Sterilization compound containing imazalil and prochloraz |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Weining Hao，etal..Control of citrus postharvest green and blue mold and sour rot by tea saponin combined with imazalil and prochloraz.《Postharvest Biology and Technology》.2010,(第56期), * |
| 叶琪明等.百可得与咪唑类杀菌剂混用浸果对柑桔防腐效果试验.《浙江农业科学》.1999,(第1期), * |
| 百可得与咪唑类杀菌剂混用浸果对柑桔防腐效果试验;叶琪明等;《浙江农业科学》;19991231(第1期);38-39 * |
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