CN103267873B - Fault detecting system and method for propeller type anemometry sensor - Google Patents
Fault detecting system and method for propeller type anemometry sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103267873B CN103267873B CN201310213876.XA CN201310213876A CN103267873B CN 103267873 B CN103267873 B CN 103267873B CN 201310213876 A CN201310213876 A CN 201310213876A CN 103267873 B CN103267873 B CN 103267873B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault detecting system and method for a propeller type anemometry sensor. The fault detecting system is provided with two motor drivers, two motors, a worm, an angle disc and a central controlling unit. The central controlling unit is connected with the two motor drivers, and the two motor drivers are connected with the two motors respectively correspondingly one to one. A first motor is used for being connected with a wind speed rotary shaft of the propeller type anemometry sensor and driving the wind speed rotary shaft to rotate to conduct detection on a wind speed part. A second motor is connected with the worm, the worm is meshed with turbine teeth which are the outer circumference of the angle disc, a central shaft of the angle disc is used for being fixedly connected with a wind direction rotary shaft of the propeller type anemometry sensor, and the angle disc is used for driving the wind direction rotary shaft to rotate relative to an empennage of the propeller type anemometry sensor so that the detection of the wind direction part can be conducted. The fault detecting system is high in detecting precision and wide in detection range, achieves automatic detection of the wind speed and the wind direction of the propeller type anemometry sensor, and improves detecting efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fault detection technique field, specifically, relate to a kind of a kind of system and method that automatically can complete fault detect task for propeller type windfinding sensor design.
Background technology
At the detection field of ambient wind velocity and wind direction, propeller type windfinding sensor has been applied for many years.Current propeller type windfinding sensor working stability is reliable, and measurement category and the degree of accuracy all can meet the testing requirement of routine, has application widely at various ships, sea and land meteorological station.
Because propeller type windfinding sensor is generally installed on outdoor, work under bad environment, stands precipitation for a long time, freezes, the invasion and attack of dust storm, causes electrical component failures in sensor, the wind speed of output error, wind direction measurement data; Moreover the mechanical wear of rotating part, corrosion also can cause the induction of propeller type windfinding sensor insensitive, produce measure error.According to pertinent regulations, the propeller type windfinding sensor run in using must do periodic detection.
At present, for the conventional detection method of propeller type windfinding sensor, be propeller type windfinding sensor is built in standard compliant wind-tunnel test.Adopt this detection method propeller type windfinding sensor must be taken off from infield, and long-distance transport to wind tunnel laboratory is tested, not only time and effort consuming, and expensive.In addition, because the applied range of propeller type windfinding sensor, quantity required are large, according to traditional detection method, numerous wind detection sensors is detected, the detection time grown very much can be needed, not only efficiency is low, and is easy to occur human error, causes testing result inaccurate.
Based on this, how to design a set of automation fault detection system easily and efficiently, with meet propeller type windfinding sensor in enormous quantities, periodically detect demand, be a current environmental monitoring field subject matter urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fault detection system for propeller type windfinding sensor, with realize to propeller type windfinding sensor fault quick, accurate, automatically detect.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
For a fault detection system for propeller type windfinding sensor, be provided with two motor drivers, two motors, two vibrating sensors and worm screw, angle scale, signal acquisition circuit and central control units; Described central control unit connects two motor drivers, two motor drivers connect one to one with two motors respectively, and wherein, the first motor is for connecting the wind speed rotating shaft of propeller type windfinding sensor, by driving wind speed rotating shaft to rotate, carry out the detection of wind speed parts; Second motor connecting worm, described worm screw is meshed with the worm-gear toothing being arranged on angle scale periphery, the central shaft of angle scale is used for being connected and fixed with the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type windfinding sensor, the empennage of wind direction rotating shaft opposed helical paddle wind detection sensor is driven to rotate, to carry out the detection of wind direction parts by angle scale; Described wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft are installed a vibrating sensor respectively, gather by signal acquisition circuit the vibration signal that wind speed measurement signal, wind direction detection signal and two vibrating sensors that propeller type windfinding sensor exports export respectively, and transfer to central control unit and generate testing result.
Further, the empennage connection bracket of described propeller type windfinding sensor, described support is fixed on base.
Can stably operate on the turned position of setting speed or setting to control motor, two encoders are also provided with in described fault detection system, wherein, first encoder connects the first motor, detect the rotating speed of the first motor, and formation speed signal feedback is to the motor driver connecting the first motor; Second encoder connects the second motor, detects the turned position of the second machine shaft, and generates the motor driver that position signalling feeds back to connection second motor.By forming closed-loop control system, to realize the accurate control of motor speed or turned position.
Preferably, in described signal acquisition circuit, be provided with wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit and two analog to digital conversion circuits; Wherein, the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit based on impulse form and serial port form is respectively arranged with in described wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, propeller type windfinding sensor is connected respectively by relay, according to the type of the wind speed measurement signal that propeller type windfinding sensor exports, one transportation work style velocity signal capturing circuit of control relay Selective type coupling is communicated with propeller type windfinding sensor, receives wind speed measurement signal; The wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit based on gray code format, voltage form and serial port form is respectively arranged with in described wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, propeller type windfinding sensor is connected respectively by relay, according to the type of the wind direction detection signal that propeller type windfinding sensor exports, one transportation work style of control relay Selective type coupling is communicated with to signal acquisition circuit with propeller type windfinding sensor, receives wind direction detection signal; Two described analog to digital conversion circuits connect one to one with two vibrating sensors respectively, receive the analog quantity vibration signal that vibrating sensor exports, and after converting data signal to, export described central control unit to.
Based on the fault detection system of above-mentioned propeller type windfinding sensor, present invention also offers the fault detection method of a kind of fault detection system based on described propeller type windfinding sensor design, comprise the testing process of wind speed parts and the testing process of wind direction parts, wherein
In the testing process of described wind speed parts, control motor driver by central control unit and drive the wind speed rotating shaft of the first driven by motor propeller type windfinding sensor to rotate continuously according to setting speed; The wind speed measurement signal of propeller type windfinding sensor output is gathered by signal acquisition circuit; Actual wind speed value corresponding to described wind speed measurement signal and the wind speed setting value corresponding to setting speed are compared, generates the testing result of electric component in wind speed parts;
In the testing process of described wind direction parts, controlling motor driver by central control unit drives the second driven by motor worm screw to rotate, and utilizes the wind direction rotating shaft of worm drive angle scale carrying screws formula wind detection sensor to rotate relative to the angle value of empennage according to setting; The wind direction detection signal of propeller type windfinding sensor output is gathered by signal acquisition circuit; The angle value of the actual corners angle value corresponding to described wind direction detection signal and setting is compared, generates the testing result of electric component in wind direction parts.
Further, in the testing process of described wind direction parts, control wind direction rotating shaft to rotate a circle, and multiple test point is set in the process rotated a circle, comparing of actual corners angle value and set angle angle value is carried out to each test point, if the comparative result of each test point is all in the error range allowed, then judge that the electric component in wind direction parts is normal.
In order to carry out fault detect to the mechanical component in wind direction parts further, in the testing process of described wind direction parts, after detection is completed to the electric component in wind direction parts, start the testing process to the mechanical component in wind direction parts: drive the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type windfinding sensor to rotate at basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed successively, gather the vibration signal of wind direction rotating shaft under different rotating speeds, by judging that whether the Oscillation Amplitude of surveying is beyond given standard limits, become a common practice next life to the testing result of rotating shaft whether fault.
Further again, after judgement wind direction rotating shaft fault, can the testing process of startup separator type further:
Drive wind direction rotating shaft with the different rotating speed continuous rotation of M kind, the M group vibration signal exported by the vibrating sensor be installed in wind direction rotating shaft under gathering M kind different rotating speeds;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, application wavelet packet extracts the energy of each group vibration signal at m different frequency bands, forms M vibration performance vector;
Described M vibration performance vector is normalized, then adopts support vector cassification method to identify fault type.
In order to carry out fault detect to the mechanical component in wind speed parts further, in the testing process of described wind speed parts, while the electric component in wind speed parts is detected, mechanical component in wind speed parts is detected: the collection each wind speed measurement point being carried out to wind speed shaft vibration signal, by judging that whether the Oscillation Amplitude of surveying is beyond given standard limits, generate the testing result of wind speed rotating shaft whether fault.
Further, after judgement wind speed rotating shaft fault, can the testing process of startup separator type further:
Drive wind speed rotating shaft with the different setting speed continuous rotation of N kind, the N group vibration signal exported by the vibrating sensor be arranged in wind speed rotating shaft under gathering N kind different rotating speeds;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, application wavelet packet extracts the energy of each group vibration signal at n different frequency bands, forms N number of vibration performance vector;
Described N number of vibration performance vector is normalized, then adopts support vector cassification method to identify fault type.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are: fault detection system of the present invention aims at propeller type windfinding sensor and designs, not only can the electric component in wind detection sensor be detected, fault detect can also be carried out to the mechanical component in wind detection sensor, and when mechanical component fault being detected, tell fault type further.Practical application shows, fault detection system of the present invention, detection accuracy is high, suitable inspection wide ranges, achieve the Aulomatizeted Detect of propeller type windfinding sensor wind speed, wind direction, compared with traditional wind-tunnel detection mode, the detection time of every platform wind detection sensor can reduce more than 50%, substantially increases detection efficiency.
After reading the detailed description of embodiment of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, the other features and advantages of the invention will become clearly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the mechanical framework schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of the fault detection system for propeller type windfinding sensor proposed by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of embodiment of fault detection system shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of embodiment of central control unit in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the program flow diagram of a kind of embodiment of the sub-thread of wind speed measurement;
Fig. 5 is the program flow diagram that wind direction detects a kind of embodiment of sub-thread.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail.
Shown in Figure 1, the fault detection system of the present embodiment is primarily of central control unit 1, two motor drivers, two motors 2,3 and the part such as worm screw 4 and angle scale 5 composition.In order to reach the fault detect to mechanical component in propeller type windfinding sensor further, two vibrating sensors can also be increased further in wind detection sensor, be arranged in wind speed rotating shaft 7 in wind detection sensor and wind direction rotating shaft 6 respectively, by detecting the vibration information of bearing, complete the automatic detection to mechanical component.
For the fault detect of propeller type windfinding sensor, mainly comprise the detection to the wind speed parts in wind detection sensor and direction parts.
Cleaning Principle for wind speed parts is: propeller type windfinding sensor blows with the wind, and the rotating speed of its wind speed rotating shaft is directly proportional substantially to wind speed size, within the scope of 1 ~ 70m/s measuring wind speed, have the good linearity.Moreover any mechanical component, operationally all has respective sound spectrum and vibration characteristics, and these characteristics can not change at short notice, have repeatability.
According to above principle, the present embodiment utilizes a motor (preferably to adopt servomotor, hereinafter referred to as the first motor 2) drive wind speed rotating shaft 7 to rotate continuously, different rotating speeds is set by central control unit 1, drive the first motor 2 to rotate with setting speed by motor driver (preferably adopting the servo-driver matched with servomotor), and then drive the wind speed rotating shaft 7 in wind detection sensor to rotate according to setting speed.After wind speed rotating shaft 7 stablizes rotation according to setting speed, utilize signal acquisition circuit to gather propeller type windfinding sensor and detect the wind speed measurement signal exported, and transfer to the central control unit 1 generation actual wind speed value corresponding with described wind speed measurement signal.Wind speed setting value corresponding to actual wind speed value and setting speed is compared, to generate the testing result of electric component in wind speed parts.
In order to ensure the first motor 2 can drive wind speed rotating shaft 7 stable operate in setting speed, the present embodiment preferably adopts encoder (hereinafter referred to as the first encoder) to connect the first motor 2, shown in Figure 2, detect the rotating speed of the first motor 2, and formation speed signal feedback is to the motor driver connecting the first motor 2, form the control system of a closed loop thus, realize the accurate control to the first motor 2 rotating speed.
In the process that the electric component in wind speed parts is detected, mechanical component in wind speed parts is detected simultaneously, namely the vibration signal that the vibrating sensor be installed in wind speed rotating shaft 7 by signal acquisition circuit collection is exported, transfer to central control unit 1, analyzed by software approach, draw the testing result of mechanical component in wind speed parts.
Cleaning Principle for wind direction parts is: the empennage box haul of propeller type windfinding sensor changes and the wind direction axis of rotation of relative wind detection sensor, photoelectric code disk circuit is driven to export Gray code, or drive ring-shaped slide potentiometer circuit output voltage, the wind direction value of 0 ° ~ 360 ° can be measured.
According to this principle, propeller type windfinding sensor is fixed on the central authorities of angle scale 5 by the present embodiment, and be namely fixedly connected with the central shaft 15 of angle scale 5, empennage 9 maintains static.A motor is utilized (preferably to adopt servomotor, hereinafter referred to as the second motor 3) connecting worm 4, be meshed with the worm-gear toothing being arranged on angle scale 5 periphery by worm screw 4, the present embodiment is preferably uniformly distributed 360 worm-gear toothings in the periphery of angle scale 5, to realize the location of 360 angles.Utilize the gearing of worm screw 4, drive angle scale 5 to drive the wind direction rotating shaft 6 in wind detection sensor coaxially to rotate with angle, empennage 9 apparent wind of wind detection sensor is moved in a circle to rotating shaft 6.The rotational angle of wind direction rotating shaft 6 is set by central control unit 1, drive the second motor 3 to rotate by motor driver (preferably adopting the servo-driver matched with servomotor), and then utilize worm screw 4 to drive angle scale 5 to drive wind direction rotating shaft 6 to rotate relative to the angle value of empennage 9 according to setting.Signal acquisition circuit is utilized to gather the wind direction detection signal of propeller type windfinding sensor output, and export central control unit 1 to the angle value of the actual corners angle value corresponding to described wind direction detection signal and setting is compared, generate the testing result of electric component in wind direction parts.
In like manner, wind direction rotating shaft 6 can be driven to rotate to exactly on the angle value of setting in order to ensure the second motor 3, the present embodiment preferably adopts encoder (hereinafter referred to as the second encoder) to connect the second motor 3, shown in Figure 2, detect the turned position of the second motor 3, and generate the motor driver that position signalling feeds back to connection second motor 3, form the control system of a closed loop thus, realize the accurate control to the second motor 3 turned position.
In order to improve the accuracy of testing result, preferred control wind direction rotating shaft 6 rotates a circle, and multiple test point is set in the process rotated a circle, by carrying out the comparing, to generate the testing result of electric component in wind direction parts of actual corners angle value and set angle angle value to each test point.
After completing detection to the electric component in wind direction parts, the second motor 3 is utilized to drive wind direction rotating shaft 6 to rotate with basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed successively.Central control unit 1 obtains the vibration signal of the wind direction rotating shaft 6 under third speed by the vibrating sensor be installed in wind direction rotating shaft 6, is analyzed, draw the testing result of the mechanical component in wind direction parts by software approach.
As a kind of preferred design of the present embodiment, preferably selection carries first motor 2 and second motor 3 of brushless DC servomotor as the present embodiment of encoder, to meet the requirement of central control unit 1 pair of motor high accuracy, high torque (HT) and high reliability.
In the present embodiment, two motor drivers connect central control unit each via a road RS232 driver, shown in Figure 2, adopt the mode of RS232 serial communication to obtain the setting speed of central control unit output and the positional value of setting.
For described signal acquisition circuit, the present embodiment is preferably provided with wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit and analog to digital conversion circuit, shown in Figure 2.Consider different wind detection sensors, the form of its wind speed measurement signal exported may be not quite similar, the wind speed measurement signal of some output impulse forms, the wind speed measurement signal etc. of some output serial port forms.Dissimilar propeller type windfinding sensor is applicable in order to enable the fault detection system of the present embodiment, the present embodiment is provided with multiple wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit based on unlike signal form in described wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, such as based on the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit of impulse form and the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit etc. based on serial port form, connect propeller type windfinding sensor respectively by relay T1.Described relay T1 receives the gate control signal that central control unit exports, according to the type of the wind speed measurement signal that propeller type windfinding sensor exports, one transportation work style velocity signal capturing circuit of control relay T1 Selective type coupling is communicated with propeller type windfinding sensor, receives wind speed measurement signal.In like manner, also multiple wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit based on unlike signal form is provided with in described wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, such as based on the wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit etc. of gray code format, voltage form and serial port form, connect propeller type windfinding sensor respectively by another relay T2.Described relay T2 receives the gate control signal that central control unit exports, according to the type of the wind direction detection signal that propeller type windfinding sensor exports, one transportation work style of control relay T2 Selective type coupling is communicated with to signal acquisition circuit with propeller type windfinding sensor, receives wind direction detection signal.
For described analog to digital conversion circuit, the present embodiment is provided with two-way, represents respectively with analog to digital conversion circuit A and analog to digital conversion circuit B, shown in Figure 2.Two-way analog to digital conversion circuit connects one to one with two vibrating sensors (representing with vibrating sensor A and vibrating sensor B respectively) respectively, receive the analog quantity vibration signal that vibrating sensor exports, and after converting data signal to, export described central control unit to, to realize the detection of the vibration information to mechanical component.
In order to prevent external interference from causing damage to central control unit, preferably utilize photoelectric isolated chip that central control unit and RS232 driver, signal acquisition circuit are carried out electrical isolation, shown in Figure 2.
In the present embodiment, described central control unit preferably adopts flush bonding processor to coordinate peripheral circuit to set up and forms, shown in Figure 3.The parts such as liquid crystal control chip, ethernet control chip, memory, keyboard interface and jtag interface are connected respectively in the periphery of flush bonding processor.Wherein, LCD Controlling chip connects LCD Interface, by the external LCDs of LCD Interface, realizes setting data, the real-time display detecting data and failure detection result.Ethernet control chip connects network interface, such as RJ45 Ethernet interface, by the external netting twine of network interface, to realize the ethernet communication function of this fault detection system and remote server.Memory is divided into FLASH, SDRAM and SD card memory.Wherein, FLASH memory is used for depositing program code and constant table; SDRAM memory is used for the running space of program, data buffer area and stack area; SD card is used for store data.Keyboard interface adopts 4 × 4 matrix form interfaces, and external connection keyboard, realizes the input of operational order and setting data.Jtag interface, as debugging interface, for external commissioning device, carries out artificial debugging.In the central control unit of the present embodiment, be also provided with power-switching circuit, complete the conversion of 5V to 3.3V and 3.3V to 1.8V and 1.2V voltage, the kernel of flush bonding processor and the operating voltage needed for peripheral circuit are provided.
Each mechanical part in fault detection system all can be laid on a base 11, as shown in Figure 1.Before propeller type windfinding sensor is detected, first need to carry out being connected and fixed of corresponding component on wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft and failure system, wind direction angle to some preparations such as zero.
Unload the screw 8 of propeller type windfinding sensor head, first motor 2 is enclosed within location regulate the elbow of frame 12 and lock, the straight peen place of frame 12 is regulated to fix circular adjustable ring 13 in location, circular adjustment ring 13 is inserted in the fuselage 14 of wind detection sensor, radial adjustment circular adjustable ring 13 to suitable position, and tightens locking nut.Slide block 16 in running fix adjustment frame 12, make the distance of the rotating shaft of the first motor 2 and wind speed rotating shaft 7 suitable, shaft coupling is utilized the rotating shaft of the first motor 2 and wind speed rotating shaft to be connected and fixed, the concentricity of adjustment machine shaft and wind speed rotating shaft 7, last locking sliding block 16.
The wind direction rotating shaft 6 of wind detection sensor be connected and fixed with the central shaft 15 of angle scale 5, be installed on support 10 by the empennage 9 of wind detection sensor, described support 10 is fixing on the pedestal 11, by support 10, the empennage 9 of wind detection sensor is maintained static.
Start CPU 1 to run, on human-computer interaction interface, Selection parameter is arranged, control the second motor 3 to rotate, worm screw 4 is driven to rotate, and then drive the wind direction rotating shaft 6 of wind detection sensor to rotate by angle scale 5, make the direction of the projection line of sensor fuselage 14 and 0 on angle scale 5 °-180 ° consistent, and empennage 9 aims at 0 ° of direction, realize wind direction angle to zero.
After preparation completes, on the human-computer interaction interface of central control unit 1, select wind speed, wind direction measuring ability, control fault detection system and automatically start to test propeller type windfinding sensor.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the fault detection method of the present embodiment is specifically addressed.
In order to meet the demand that wind speed and direction detects simultaneously, the Software for Design of native system adopts the mode of multithreading to realize.
Fig. 4 is the sub-thread of wind speed measurement.
First, input the model of propeller type windfinding sensor to be measured, according in the propeller type aerovane of GB/T 24559-2009 ocean to the parameter of the requirement of wind speed measurement point and the wind detection sensor of this model, set N number of wind speed measurement point, such as each second 5 meters, 10 meters, 20 meters, 30 meters, 50 meters these motor setting speeds corresponding to 5 wind speed setting values.
Control motor driver by central control unit pointwise, drive the wind speed rotating shaft of the first driven by motor propeller type windfinding sensor to rotate continuously according to setting speed pointwise.Utilize encoder to detect the rotating speed of the first motor, and Real-time Feedback is to motor driver, operates in setting speed to be controlled the first motor stabilizing by motor driver.
After the first motor is with setting speed stable operation, the wind speed measurement signal of propeller type windfinding sensor output is gathered by wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, each test point gathers a wind speed measurement signal, after converting data signal to, be sent to the detection of central control unit for electric component.Meanwhile, received the vibration signal of the vibrating sensor A output be installed in wind speed rotating shaft by analog to digital conversion circuit A, and after converting data signal to, be sent to the detection of central control unit for mechanical component.
After central control unit treats that each wind speed measurement point detects, according to the N number of wind speed measurement signal received and N group vibration signal, generate the testing result of electric component and mechanical component in wind speed parts respectively.Its concrete grammar is:
The detection method of electric component: the wind speed setting value of the actual wind speed value corresponding to the wind speed measurement signal of each wind speed measurement point and this test point is compared, if the two difference at each wind speed measurement point is all in the error range allowed, then judge that the electric component in wind speed parts is normal; Otherwise, judge that the electric component in wind speed parts breaks down.
The detection method of mechanical component: the vibration signal collected according to each wind speed measurement point calculates the Oscillation Amplitude of wind speed rotating shaft, judges that whether the shaft vibration amplitude of each wind speed measurement point is beyond given standard limits; If all do not exceed standard limits, then judge that the mechanical component (being often referred to bearing) in wind speed parts is normal; Otherwise, judge the mechanical component fault in wind speed parts.
After judging that the mechanical component in wind speed rotating shaft breaks down, can the testing process of startup separator type further, the fault of which kind of type with what determine that mechanical component occurs, such as: bearing wear or scratch, spot corrosion, still occur the fault such as crackle and defect.The concrete determination methods of its fault type, the present embodiment adopts the design of support vector cassification method to realize.
SVMs (SVM) classification is a kind of new mode identification method developing out on the basis of statistical theory, it is a kind of sorting technique of structure based principle of minimization risk, and its core object finds the optimal classification surface between two class samples.Select Radial basis kernel function as the kernel function of support vector machine classifier, choose 10 propeller type windfinding sensors to test, extract vibration performance Vector Groups corresponding to the wind speed rotating shaft of wherein three wind detection sensors (including the vibration performance vector that N number of n ties up in each vibration performance Vector Groups) as training sample set, vibration performance Vector Groups corresponding to the wind speed rotating shaft of two other wind detection sensor is as test sample book collection, and vibration performance Vector Groups corresponding to the wind speed rotating shaft of residue five wind detection sensors is as test samples collection.Each sample set is substituted into grader and carries out model training, determine the parameter of Radial basis kernel function and the optimal value of penalty factor, and then set up final detection model.This process was carried out before carrying out formal wind detection sensor Detection task.
In actual test process, drive the wind speed rotating shaft of propeller type windfinding sensor to be tested with the different setting speed continuous rotation of N kind.The N group vibration signal exported by the vibrating sensor be arranged in wind speed rotating shaft under gathering N kind different rotating speeds, several vibration datas collected in different time points are all included in each group vibration signal, such as with 10 milliseconds for interval, the a series of vibration data of continuous acquisition within the time of 2 minutes, form the vibrational waveform under different rotating speeds, form N group vibration signal.
On the basis of wavelet analysis, application wavelet packet extracts the energy of each group vibration signal at n different frequency bands, forms the vibration performance vector that N number of n ties up.Due on the basis of wavelet analysis, application wavelet packet extracts the energy of vibration signal, and the method forming vibration performance vector has been technology ripe at present, and therefore, the present embodiment does not elaborate at this.
The vibration performance vector of described N number of n dimension is normalized, then substitutes into support vector machine classifier and identify, to obtain the fault type of mechanical component in wind speed parts.
After being completed, show testing result by liquid crystal display, detection data are sent to remote server by Ethernet simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is that wind direction detects sub-thread.
First, set rotational angle and the wind direction test point of the second motor according to parameter indexs such as the wind direction resolution ratio of the propeller type windfinding sensor of this model, described wind direction test point should be chosen in the scope of 0 ° ~ 360 °.Then, control motor driver by central control unit pointwise and drive the second driven by motor worm screw to rotate, and then utilize the wind direction rotating shaft of worm drive angle scale carrying screws formula wind detection sensor to rotate relative to empennage pointwise.Utilize encoder to detect the turned position of the second motor, and Real-time Feedback is to motor driver, to be controlled the second electric machine rotation by motor driver on the angle value of setting.
Gathered the wind direction detection signal of propeller type windfinding sensor output by wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, each test point gathers a wind direction detection signal, after converting data signal to, is sent to the detection of central control unit for electric component.
After the rotating shaft of control wind direction rotates a circle, central control unit receives the wind direction detection signal of each wind direction test point, the angle value of the actual corners angle value corresponding to the wind direction detection signal of each wind direction test point and setting is compared, if the two difference at each wind direction test point is all in the error range allowed, then judge that the electric component in wind direction parts is normal; Otherwise, judge that the electric component in wind direction parts breaks down.
After executing fault detect to the electric component in wind direction parts, start to detect the mechanical component in wind direction parts.Concrete grammar is:
First, wind direction rotating shaft is driven to rotate at basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed successively, the vibration signal of wind direction rotating shaft under different rotating speeds is gathered by analog to digital conversion circuit B, described vibration signal is provided by the vibrating sensor B be installed in wind direction rotating shaft, and after converting data signal to, export the Oscillation Amplitude that central control unit generates wind direction rotating shaft under different rotating speeds to.The Oscillation Amplitude of surveying under judging each grade of rotating speed, whether beyond given standard limits, if all do not exceed given standard limits, then judges that wind direction rotating shaft is normal; Otherwise, judge wind direction rotating shaft fault.
After judgement wind direction rotating shaft is broken down, the testing process of further startup separator type is the fault of which kind of type with what determine that wind direction mechanical component occurs.The concrete determination methods of its fault type adopts the design of support vector cassification method to realize equally.Detailed process is:
Drive wind direction rotating shaft with the different rotating speed continuous rotation of M kind, such as, rotate under 5 meters per second, 10 meters, 15 meters three kinds of rotating speeds respectively.The M group vibration signal exported by the vibrating sensor be installed in wind direction rotating shaft under gathering M kind different rotating speeds, such as with 20 milliseconds for interval, several vibration datas of continuous acquisition within the time of 2 minutes, form the vibrational waveform under different rotating speeds, form M group vibration signal.
On the basis of wavelet analysis, application wavelet packet extracts the energy of each group vibration signal at m different frequency bands, forms the vibration performance vector of M m dimension;
The vibration performance vector of described M m dimension is normalized, then substitute into support vector machine classifier to identify, to obtain the fault type of mechanical component in wind speed parts, bearing wear, the spot corrosion of such as wind direction rotating shaft, there is the fault such as crackle or defect.
Here support vector machine classifier can adopt the method for designing design with the support vector machine classifier in above-mentioned wind speed measurement subprocess to realize, and the present embodiment no longer launches explanation at this.
After being completed, show testing result by liquid crystal display, detection data are sent to remote server by Ethernet simultaneously.
The present embodiment is for the propeller type windfinding sensor after design typification, have developed a kind of convenient disassembly, automatic fault detection system simple to operate, for tests such as the factory testing of such wind detection sensor, the periodicity detections run in use, mainly have the following advantages:
(1) system covers the multi-signal output form of propeller type windfinding sensor, and sample circuit is connected automatically by relay, can detect simultaneously, substantially increase detection efficiency to wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft;
(2) the Hardware Design has vibration signals collecting circuit, software is by the vibration data of wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft under analysis different rotating speeds, can judge whether the bearing of wind detection sensor weares and teares, has the phenomenon such as non-corroding, clamping stagnation, contribute to finding potential hidden danger before wind detection sensor measures inefficacy.Meanwhile, for fault sensor, software can also identify the fault mode of parts, and therefore native system all has high value of practical in preventative maintenance and corrective maintenance;
(3) utilize worm and gear model construction wind angle scale, the method adopting Serve Motor Control worm-drive and then drive angle scale to rotate, make relative circular movement between wind detection sensor and angle scale can either low-speed running, also can run up.During low-speed running, the wind direction certainty of measurement of system can be made to be accurate to 1 degree; When running up, the characteristic parameter of vibration signal is more obvious, makes the fault diagnosis of wind direction mechanical component more accurate;
(4) detect data and can be kept at this locality by SD card, be also sent to remote server by Ethernet, facilitate local and remote monitoring;
(5) system easy installation and removal, simple to operate, greatly reduce testing cost, have and highlyer apply meaning.
Certainly; above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention; the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. for a fault detection system for propeller type windfinding sensor, it is characterized in that: be provided with two motor drivers, two motors, two vibrating sensors and worm screw, angle scale, signal acquisition circuit and central control units; Described central control unit connects two motor drivers, two motor drivers connect one to one with two motors respectively, and wherein, the first motor is for connecting the wind speed rotating shaft of propeller type windfinding sensor, by driving wind speed rotating shaft to rotate, carry out the detection of wind speed parts; Second motor connecting worm, described worm screw is meshed with the worm-gear toothing being arranged on angle scale periphery, the central shaft of angle scale is used for being connected and fixed with the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type windfinding sensor, the empennage of wind direction rotating shaft opposed helical paddle wind detection sensor is driven to rotate, to carry out the detection of wind direction parts by angle scale; Described wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft are installed a vibrating sensor respectively, gather by signal acquisition circuit the vibration signal that wind speed measurement signal, wind direction detection signal and two vibrating sensors that propeller type windfinding sensor exports export respectively, and transfer to central control unit and generate testing result.
2. fault detection system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the empennage connection bracket of described propeller type windfinding sensor, described support is fixed on base.
3. fault detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described fault detection system, be also provided with two encoders, wherein, the first encoder connects the first motor, detect the rotating speed of the first motor, and formation speed signal feedback is to the motor driver connecting the first motor; Second encoder connects the second motor, detects the turned position of the second machine shaft, and generates the motor driver that position signalling feeds back to connection second motor.
4. fault detection system according to any one of claim 1 to 3, is characterized in that: in described signal acquisition circuit, be provided with wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit and two analog to digital conversion circuits; Wherein, the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit based on impulse form and serial port form is respectively arranged with in described wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, propeller type windfinding sensor is connected respectively by relay, according to the type of the wind speed measurement signal that propeller type windfinding sensor exports, one transportation work style velocity signal capturing circuit of control relay Selective type coupling is communicated with propeller type windfinding sensor, receives wind speed measurement signal; The wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit based on gray code format, voltage form and serial port form is respectively arranged with in described wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, propeller type windfinding sensor is connected respectively by relay, according to the type of the wind direction detection signal that propeller type windfinding sensor exports, one transportation work style of control relay Selective type coupling is communicated with to signal acquisition circuit with propeller type windfinding sensor, receives wind direction detection signal; Two described analog to digital conversion circuits connect one to one with two vibrating sensors respectively, receive the analog quantity vibration signal that vibrating sensor exports, and after converting data signal to, export described central control unit to.
5. based on a fault detection method for the fault detection system of the propeller type windfinding sensor according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that: comprise the testing process of wind speed parts and the testing process of wind direction parts, wherein,
In the testing process of described wind speed parts, control motor driver by central control unit and drive the wind speed rotating shaft of the first driven by motor propeller type windfinding sensor to rotate continuously according to setting speed; The wind speed measurement signal of propeller type windfinding sensor output is gathered by signal acquisition circuit; Actual wind speed value corresponding to described wind speed measurement signal and the wind speed setting value corresponding to setting speed are compared, generates the testing result of electric component in wind speed parts;
In the testing process of described wind direction parts, controlling motor driver by central control unit drives the second driven by motor worm screw to rotate, and utilizes the wind direction rotating shaft of worm drive angle scale carrying screws formula wind detection sensor to rotate relative to the angle value of empennage according to setting; The wind direction detection signal of propeller type windfinding sensor output is gathered by signal acquisition circuit; The angle value of the actual corners angle value corresponding to described wind direction detection signal and setting is compared, generates the testing result of electric component in wind direction parts.
6. fault detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in the testing process of described wind direction parts, control wind direction rotating shaft to rotate a circle, and multiple test point is set in the process rotated a circle, comparing of actual corners angle value and set angle angle value is carried out to each test point, if the comparative result of each test point is all in the error range allowed, then judge that the electric component in wind direction parts is normal.
7. fault detection method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in the testing process of described wind direction parts, after detection is completed to the electric component in wind direction parts, start the testing process to the mechanical component in wind direction parts: drive the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type windfinding sensor to rotate at basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed successively, gather the vibration signal of wind direction rotating shaft under different rotating speeds, by judging that whether the Oscillation Amplitude of surveying is beyond given standard limits, become a common practice next life to the testing result of rotating shaft whether fault.
8. fault detection method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: after judgement wind direction rotating shaft fault, the testing process of startup separator type:
Drive wind direction rotating shaft with the different rotating speed continuous rotation of M kind, the M group vibration signal exported by the vibrating sensor be installed in wind direction rotating shaft under gathering M kind different rotating speeds;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, application wavelet packet extracts the energy of each group vibration signal at m different frequency bands, forms M vibration performance vector;
Described M vibration performance vector is normalized, then adopts support vector cassification method to identify fault type.
9. fault detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in the testing process of described wind speed parts, while the electric component in wind speed parts is detected, mechanical component in wind speed parts is detected: the collection each wind speed measurement point being carried out to wind speed shaft vibration signal, by judging that whether the Oscillation Amplitude of surveying is beyond given standard limits, generate the testing result of wind speed rotating shaft whether fault.
10. fault detection method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: after judgement wind speed rotating shaft fault, the testing process of startup separator type:
Drive wind speed rotating shaft with the different setting speed continuous rotation of N kind, the N group vibration signal exported by the vibrating sensor be arranged in wind speed rotating shaft under gathering N kind different rotating speeds;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, application wavelet packet extracts the energy of each group vibration signal at n different frequency bands, forms N number of vibration performance vector;
Described N number of vibration performance vector is normalized, then adopts support vector cassification method to identify fault type.
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| CN103777040A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-05-07 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Signal simulation measuring system and measuring method |
| WO2018094682A1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Wind speed detection method and system for unmanned aerial vehicle, and unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN106646678B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2022-06-24 | 中环天仪（天津）气象仪器有限公司 | Equipment capable of diagnosing visibility sensor fault and detection method |
| CN106919164B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-05-28 | 河海大学 | Water conservancy unit failure analysis methods based on storehouse autocoder |
| CN107389976A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-11-24 | 郑兴 | A kind of instrument and meter detects wind direction detector |
| CN110371320B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-04-23 | 山东交通学院 | Device and method for testing rotating speed, lift force and noise of propeller and application |
| CN112213516A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | Floating platform wind measuring method based on dynamic inversion |
| CN115144616A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-04 | 山东省气象局大气探测技术保障中心(山东省气象计量站) | Wind direction indication value calibrating device and method for ocean anemometer |
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| DE202004005296U1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2004-09-23 | Stengler, Klaus | Wind speed measuring device |
| CN102095895B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-09-26 | 边文超 | Calibration system of wind direction sensor |
| CN202693611U (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-01-23 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Wind direction and speed sensor |
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