CN103267873A - Fault detecting system and method for propeller type anemometry sensor - Google Patents
Fault detecting system and method for propeller type anemometry sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103267873A CN103267873A CN201310213876XA CN201310213876A CN103267873A CN 103267873 A CN103267873 A CN 103267873A CN 201310213876X A CN201310213876X A CN 201310213876XA CN 201310213876 A CN201310213876 A CN 201310213876A CN 103267873 A CN103267873 A CN 103267873A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault detecting system and method for a propeller type anemometry sensor. The fault detecting system is provided with two motor drivers, two motors, a worm, an angle disc and a central controlling unit. The central controlling unit is connected with the two motor drivers, and the two motor drivers are connected with the two motors respectively correspondingly one to one. A first motor is used for being connected with a wind speed rotary shaft of the propeller type anemometry sensor and driving the wind speed rotary shaft to rotate to conduct detection on a wind speed part. A second motor is connected with the worm, the worm is meshed with turbine teeth which are the outer circumference of the angle disc, a central shaft of the angle disc is used for being fixedly connected with a wind direction rotary shaft of the propeller type anemometry sensor, and the angle disc is used for driving the wind direction rotary shaft to rotate relative to an empennage of the propeller type anemometry sensor so that the detection of the wind direction part can be conducted. The fault detecting system is high in detecting precision and wide in detection range, achieves automatic detection of the wind speed and the wind direction of the propeller type anemometry sensor, and improves detecting efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fault detection technique field, specifically, relate to a kind of a kind of system and method that can finish the fault detect task automatically at the design of propeller type wind detection sensor.
Background technology
At the detection range of ambient wind velocity and wind direction, the propeller type wind detection sensor is used for many years.Present propeller type wind detection sensor working stability is reliable, and measurement range and accuracy all can be satisfied conventional detection requirement, has very widely at all kinds of boats and ships, sea and land meteorological station and uses.
Because it is outdoor that the propeller type wind detection sensor generally is installed on, work under bad environment stands precipitation for a long time, freezes, the invasion and attack of dust storm, causes electric component fault in the sensor, the wind speed of output error, wind direction measurement data; Moreover the mechanical wear of rotating part, corrosion also can cause the induction of propeller type wind detection sensor insensitive, produce measuring error.According to relevant regulations, the propeller type wind detection sensor during operation is used must be done periodic detection.
At present, for the detection method commonly used of propeller type wind detection sensor, be the propeller type wind detection sensor to be built in the standard compliant wind-tunnel test.Adopt this detection method the propeller type wind detection sensor must be taken off from the infield, and transport for long-distance to wind tunnel laboratory and test, time and effort consuming not only, and also expensive.In addition, because applied range, the quantity required of propeller type wind detection sensor are big, if adopt traditional detection method that numerous wind detection sensors is detected, very long detection time can be needed, not only efficient is low, and is easy to occur the human error, causes testing result inaccurate.
Based on this, how to design one and overlap robotization fault detection system easily and efficiently, in enormous quantities, periodically detect demand with what satisfy the propeller type wind detection sensor, be the subject matter that present environmental monitoring field needs to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fault detection system for the propeller type wind detection sensor, to realize quick, accurate, the detection automatically to propeller type wind detection sensor fault.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of fault detection system for the propeller type wind detection sensor is provided with two motor drivers, two motors, two vibration transducers and worm screw, angle scale, signal acquisition circuit and central control unit; Described central control unit connects two motor drivers, two motor drivers connect one to one with two motors respectively, and wherein, first motor is used for connecting the wind speed rotating shaft of propeller type wind detection sensor, by driving wind speed rotating shaft rotation, carry out the detection of wind speed parts; Second motor connects worm screw, described worm screw is meshed with the turbo tooth that is arranged on the angle scale periphery, the central shaft of angle scale is used for being connected and fixed with the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type wind detection sensor, drive the wind direction rotating shaft by angle scale and rotate relative to the empennage of propeller type wind detection sensor, to carry out the detection of wind direction parts; A vibration transducer is installed respectively in described wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft, gather the vibration signal of wind speed detection signal, wind direction detection signal and two vibration transducer outputs of the output of propeller type wind detection sensor respectively by signal acquisition circuit, and transfer to central control unit generation testing result.
Further, the empennage of described propeller type wind detection sensor connects support, and described support is fixed on the base.
Can stably operate on the turned position of setting rotating speed or setting in order to control motor, in described fault detection system, also be provided with two scramblers, wherein, first scrambler connects first motor, detect first rotating speed of motor, and the formation speed signal feedback is to the motor driver that connects first motor; Second scrambler connects second motor, detects the turned position of second machine shaft, and generates the motor driver that position signalling feeds back to connection second motor.By forming closed-loop control system, to realize the accurate control of motor speed or turned position.
Preferably, in described signal acquisition circuit, be provided with wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit and two analog to digital conversion circuits; Wherein, in described wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, be respectively arranged with the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit based on impulse form and serial ports form, connect the propeller type wind detection sensor by relay respectively, type according to the wind speed detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output, pilot relay selects a transportation work style velocity signal capturing circuit of type matching to be communicated with the propeller type wind detection sensor, receives the wind speed detection signal; In described wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, be respectively arranged with the wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit based on Gray code form, voltage form and serial ports form, connect the propeller type wind detection sensor by relay respectively, type according to the wind direction detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output, pilot relay selects a transportation work style of type matching to be communicated with the propeller type wind detection sensor to signal acquisition circuit, receives the wind direction detection signal; Described two analog to digital conversion circuits connect one to one with two vibration transducers respectively, receive the analog quantity vibration signal of vibration transducer output, and after converting digital signal to, export described central control unit to.
Fault detection system based on above-mentioned propeller type wind detection sensor, the present invention also provides a kind of fault detection method that designs based on the fault detection system of described propeller type wind detection sensor, comprise the testing process of wind speed parts and the testing process of wind direction parts, wherein
In the testing process of described wind speed parts, the wind speed rotating shaft that drives the first driven by motor propeller type wind detection sensor by central control unit control motor driver is rotated continuously according to setting rotating speed; Gather the wind speed detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output by signal acquisition circuit; The corresponding actual wind speed value of described wind speed detection signal is compared with setting the corresponding wind speed setting value of rotating speed, generate the testing result of electric component in the wind speed parts;
In the testing process of described wind direction parts, drive the second driven by motor worm screw by central control unit control motor driver and rotate, the wind direction rotating shaft that utilizes the worm drive angle scale to drive the propeller type wind detection sensor is rotated according to the angle value of setting relative to empennage; Gather the wind direction detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output by signal acquisition circuit; The angle value of the corresponding actual angle value of described wind direction detection signal and setting is compared, generate the testing result of electric component in the wind direction parts.
Further, in the testing process of described wind direction parts, the rotating shaft of control wind direction rotates a circle, and a plurality of check points are set in the process that rotates a circle, each check point is carried out the comparison of actual angle value and set angle value, if the comparative result of each check point all in the error range that allows, judges that then the electric component in the wind direction parts is normal.
In order further the mechanical component in the wind direction parts to be carried out fault detect, in the testing process of described wind direction parts, after the electric component in the wind direction parts is finished detection, startup is to the testing process of the mechanical component in the wind direction parts: drive the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type wind detection sensor successively in basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed rotation, gather the vibration signal of wind direction rotating shaft under different rotating speeds, whether exceeded given standard boundary by the Oscillation Amplitude of judging actual measurement, become a common practice next life to the rotating shaft testing result of fault whether.
Further again, after judging wind direction rotating shaft fault, can further start the testing process of fault type:
Drive the wind direction rotating shaft and rotate continuously with the different rotating speed of M kind, gather under the M kind different rotating speeds by being installed on the M group vibration signal of the vibration transducer output in the wind direction rotating shaft;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, use wavelet packet and extract each group vibration signal at the energy of m different frequency bands, form M vibration performance vector;
Described M vibration performance vector carried out normalized, adopt the support vector machine classification to identify fault type then.
In order further the mechanical component in the wind speed parts to be carried out fault detect, in the testing process of described wind speed parts, when the electric component in the wind speed parts is detected, mechanical component in the wind speed parts is detected: each wind speed check point is carried out the collection of wind speed shaft vibration signal, whether exceed given standard boundary by the Oscillation Amplitude of judging actual measurement, become the whether testing result of fault of wind speed rotating shaft next life.
Further, after judging wind speed rotating shaft fault, can further start the testing process of fault type:
Drive the wind speed rotating shaft and rotate continuously with the different setting rotating speed of N kind, gather under the N kind different rotating speeds by being installed in the N group vibration signal of the vibration transducer output in the wind speed rotating shaft;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, use wavelet packet and extract each group vibration signal at the energy of n different frequency bands, form N vibration performance vector;
Described N vibration performance vector carried out normalized, adopt the support vector machine classification to identify fault type then.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are: fault detection system of the present invention aims at the propeller type wind detection sensor and designs, not only can the electric component in the wind detection sensor be detected, can also carry out fault detect to the mechanical component in the wind detection sensor, and when detecting the mechanical component fault, further tell fault type.Practical application shows, fault detection system of the present invention, detection degree of accuracy height, suitable inspection wide ranges, the robotization that has realized propeller type wind detection sensor wind speed, wind direction detects, compare with traditional wind-tunnel detection mode, can reduce the detection time of every wind detection sensor more than 50%, improved detection efficiency greatly.
After reading the detailed description of embodiment of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, other characteristics of the present invention and advantage will become clearer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the mechanical configuration diagram of a kind of embodiment of the fault detection system that is used for the propeller type wind detection sensor proposed by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of embodiment of fault detection system shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of embodiment of central control unit among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the program flow diagram that wind speed detects a kind of embodiment of sub-thread;
Fig. 5 is the program flow diagram that wind direction detects a kind of embodiment of sub-thread.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is done explanation in further detail.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, the fault detection system of present embodiment mainly by central control unit 1, two motor drivers, two motors 2,3 and worm screw 4 and angle scale 5 etc. partly form.In order further to reach the fault detect to mechanical component in the propeller type wind detection sensor, can also further in wind detection sensor, increase by two vibration transducers, be installed in respectively in the wind speed rotating shaft 7 and wind direction rotating shaft 6 in the wind detection sensor, by detecting bearing vibration information, finish the automatic detection to mechanical component.
For the fault detect of propeller type wind detection sensor, mainly comprise the detection to the wind speed parts in the wind detection sensor and direction parts.
Detection principle for the wind speed parts is: the propeller type wind detection sensor blows with the wind, and the rotating speed of its wind speed rotating shaft is directly proportional substantially with the wind speed size, in 1 ~ 70m/s measuring wind speed scope the better linearity degree is arranged.Moreover any mechanical component the time all has separately sound spectrum and vibration characteristics in operation, and these characteristics can not change at short notice, has repeatability.
According to above principle, present embodiment utilizes a motor (preferably to adopt servomotor, to call first motor 2 in the following text) drive wind speed rotating shaft 7 rotations continuously, set different rotating speeds by central control unit 1, rotate to set rotating speed by motor driver (the preferred servo-driver that matches with servomotor that adopts) driving first motor 2, and then the wind speed rotating shaft 7 that drives in the wind detection sensor is rotated according to setting rotating speed.After treating that wind speed rotating shaft 7 is according to the rotation of setting stabilization of speed, utilize signal acquisition circuit to gather the wind speed detection signal that the propeller type wind detection sensor detects output, and transfer to the central control unit 1 generation actual wind speed value corresponding with described wind speed detection signal.The actual wind speed value is compared with setting the corresponding wind speed setting value of rotating speed, to generate the testing result of electric component in the wind speed parts.
Can drive wind speed rotating shaft 7 stable operating in order to ensure first motor 2 sets on the rotating speed, present embodiment preferably adopts scrambler (to call first scrambler in the following text) to connect first motor 2, referring to shown in Figure 2, detect the rotating speed of first motor 2, and the formation speed signal feedback is to the motor driver that connects first motor 2, form the control system of a closed loop thus, realize the accurate control to first motor, 2 rotating speeds.
In the process that the electric component in the wind speed parts is detected, simultaneously the mechanical component in the wind speed parts is detected, namely be installed on the vibration signal of the vibration transducer output in the wind speed rotating shaft 7 by the signal acquisition circuit collection, transfer to central control unit 1, by the software approach analysis, draw the testing result of mechanical component in the wind speed parts.
Detection principle for the wind direction parts is: the empennage box haul of propeller type wind detection sensor changes and rotates relative to the wind direction rotating shaft of wind detection sensor, drive photoelectric code disk circuit output Gray code, perhaps drive annular slide potentiometer circuit output voltage, can measure 0 °～360 ° wind direction value.
According to this principle, present embodiment is fixed on the central authorities of angle scale 5 with the propeller type wind detection sensor, namely fixedlys connected with the central shaft 15 of angle scale 5, and empennage 9 maintains static.Utilize a motor (preferably to adopt servomotor, to call second motor 3 in the following text) connection worm screw 4, be meshed with the turbo tooth that is arranged on angle scale 5 peripheries by worm screw 4, present embodiment is preferably at the periphery of angle scale 5 360 turbo tooths that evenly distribute, to realize the location of 360 angles.Utilize the gearing of worm screw 4, the wind direction rotating shaft 6 that drives in the angle scale 5 drive wind detection sensors is coaxial with the angle rotation, and empennage 9 apparent winds of wind detection sensor are moved in a circle to rotating shaft 6.The rotational angle of wind direction rotating shaft 6 is set by central control unit 1, drive second motor 3 by motor driver (the preferred servo-driver that matches with servomotor that adopts) and rotate, and then utilize worm screw 4 driving angle scales 5 to drive wind direction rotating shaft 6 and rotate according to the angle value of setting relative to empennage 9.Utilize signal acquisition circuit to gather the wind direction detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output, and export central control unit 1 to the angle value of the corresponding actual angle value of described wind direction detection signal and setting is compared, generate the testing result of electric component in the wind direction parts.
In like manner, can drive on the angle value that wind direction rotating shaft 6 rotates to setting exactly in order to ensure second motor 3, present embodiment preferably adopts scrambler (to call second scrambler in the following text) to connect second motor 3, referring to shown in Figure 2, detect the turned position of second motor 3, and generate the motor driver that position signalling feeds back to connection second motor 3, and form the control system of a closed loop thus, realize the accurate control to second motor, 3 turned positions.
In order to improve the accuracy of testing result, preferred control wind direction rotating shaft 6 rotates a circle, and a plurality of check points are set in the process that rotates a circle, by each check point is carried out the comparison of actual angle value and set angle value, to generate the testing result of electric component in the wind direction parts.
After the electric component in the wind direction parts is finished detection, utilize second motor 3 to drive wind direction rotating shaft 6 successively with basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed rotation.Central control unit 1 obtains the vibration signal of the wind direction rotating shaft 6 under the third speed by the vibration transducer that is installed in the wind direction rotating shaft 6, by the software approach analysis, draws the testing result of the mechanical component in the wind direction parts.
As a kind of preferred design of present embodiment, preferably select to carry the brushless DC servomotor of scrambler as first motor 2 and second motor 3 of present embodiment, to satisfy the requirement of central control unit 1 pair of motor high precision, high torque (HT) and high reliability.
In the present embodiment, two motor drivers connect central control unit by one road RS232 driver separately, referring to shown in Figure 2, adopt the mode of RS232 serial communication to obtain the setting rotating speed of central control unit output and the positional value of setting.
For described signal acquisition circuit, present embodiment preferably is provided with wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit and analog to digital conversion circuit, referring to shown in Figure 2.Consider different wind detection sensors, the form of the wind speed detection signal of its output may be not quite similar, the wind speed detection signal of the output impulse form that has, the wind speed detection signal of the output serial ports form that has etc.For the fault detection system that makes present embodiment can be applicable to dissimilar propeller type wind detection sensors, present embodiment is provided with a plurality of wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit based on the unlike signal form in described wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, for example based on the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit of impulse form with based on the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit of serial ports form etc., connect the propeller type wind detection sensor by relay T1 respectively.Described relay T1 receives the gating control signal of central control unit output, type according to the wind speed detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output, pilot relay T1 selects a transportation work style velocity signal capturing circuit of type matching to be communicated with the propeller type wind detection sensor, receives the wind speed detection signal.In like manner, in described wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, also be provided with a plurality of wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit based on the unlike signal form, for example based on the wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit of Gray code form, voltage form and serial ports form etc., connect the propeller type wind detection sensor by another relay T2 respectively.Described relay T2 receives the gating control signal of central control unit output, type according to the wind direction detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output, pilot relay T2 selects a transportation work style of type matching to be communicated with the propeller type wind detection sensor to signal acquisition circuit, receives the wind direction detection signal.
For described analog to digital conversion circuit, present embodiment is provided with two-way, represents with analog to digital conversion circuit A and analog to digital conversion circuit B respectively, referring to shown in Figure 2.The two-way analog to digital conversion circuit connects one to one with two vibration transducers (representing with vibration transducer A and vibration transducer B respectively) respectively, receive the analog quantity vibration signal of vibration transducer output, and after converting digital signal to, export described central control unit to, to realize the detection to the vibration information of mechanical component.
In order to prevent that external interference from causing damage to central control unit, preferably utilize photoelectric isolated chip that central control unit and RS232 driver, signal acquisition circuit are carried out electrical isolation, referring to shown in Figure 2.
In the present embodiment, described central control unit preferably adopts flush bonding processor to cooperate peripheral circuit to set up and forms, referring to shown in Figure 3.Periphery at flush bonding processor connects parts such as liquid crystal control chip, ethernet control chip, storer, keyboard interface and jtag interface respectively.Wherein, the liquid crystal control chip connects LCD Interface, by the external LCDs of LCD Interface, realizes the real-time demonstration to setting data, detection data and fault detect result.Ethernet control chip connects network interface, and RJ45 Ethernet interface for example is by the external netting twine of network interface, to realize the ethernet communication function of this fault detection system and remote server.Storer is divided into FLASH, SDRAM and SD card memory.Wherein, the FLASH storer is used for depositing program code and constant table; The SDRAM storer is used for running space, data buffer area and the stack area of program; The SD card is used for store data.Keyboard interface adopts 4 * 4 matrix form interfaces, and external connection keyboard is realized the input of operational order and setting data.Jtag interface is used for external commissioning device as debugging interface, carries out artificial debugging.In the central control unit of present embodiment, also be provided with power-switching circuit, finish the conversion of 5V to 3.3V and 3.3V to 1.8V and 1.2V voltage, kernel and the required operating voltage of peripheral circuit of flush bonding processor is provided.
Each mechanical part in the fault detection system all can be laid on the base 11, as shown in Figure 1.Before the propeller type wind detection sensor is detected, at first need to carry out being connected and fixed of corresponding component on wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft and the failure system, wind direction angle to some preliminary works such as zero.
Unload the screw propeller 8 of propeller type wind detection sensor head, first motor 2 is enclosed within elbow and the locking that frame 12 is regulated in the location, the straight peen place that regulates frame 12 in the location fixes circular regulating ring 13, circle adjustment ring 13 is inserted in the fuselage 14 of wind detection sensor, radially adjust circular regulating ring 13 to suitable position, and tighten set nut.The slide block 16 on the frame 12 is adjusted in running fix, make the distance of the rotating shaft of first motor 2 and wind speed rotating shaft 7 suitable, utilize shaft coupling that rotating shaft and the wind speed rotating shaft of first motor 2 are connected and fixed, adjust the concentricity of machine shaft and wind speed rotating shaft 7, lock slide block 16 at last.
The wind direction rotating shaft 6 of the wind detection sensor central shaft 15 with angle scale 5 is connected and fixed, the empennage 9 of wind detection sensor is installed on the support 10, described support 10 is fixed on the base 11, by support 10 empennage 9 of wind detection sensor is maintained static.
Start CPU (central processing unit) 1 operation, select the parameter setting at human-computer interaction interface, control 3 rotations of second motor, driving worm screw 4 rotates, and then the wind direction rotating shaft 6 of passing through angle scale 5 drive wind detection sensors is rotated, make the projection line of sensor fuselage 14 consistent with 0 °-180 ° direction on the angle scale 5, and empennage 9 aims at 0 ° of direction, realize the wind direction angle to zero.
After preliminary work is finished, on the human-computer interaction interface of central control unit 1, select wind speed, wind direction measuring ability, the control fault detection system begins the propeller type wind detection sensor is tested automatically.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the fault detection method of present embodiment is specifically addressed.
In order to satisfy the demand that wind speed and direction detects simultaneously, the mode of the The software multithreading of native system realizes.
Fig. 4 is sub-thread for wind speed detects.
At first, import the model of propeller type wind detection sensor to be measured, according in the propeller type wind vane and anemometer of GB/T 24559-2009 ocean to the parameter of the wind detection sensor of the requirement of wind speed check point and this model, set N wind speed check point, for example p.s., 5 meters, 10 meters, 20 meters, 30 meters, 50 meters these 5 wind speed setting were worth corresponding motor setting rotating speed.
By central control unit pointwise control motor driver, the wind speed rotating shaft that drives the first driven by motor propeller type wind detection sensor is rotated continuously according to setting the rotating speed pointwise.Utilize scrambler to detect first rotating speed of motor, and feed back to motor driver in real time, operate on the setting rotating speed to control first motor stabilizing by motor driver.
After first motor is with the operation of setting stabilization of speed, gather the wind speed detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output by the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, each check point is gathered a wind speed detection signal and is got final product, after converting digital signal to, be sent to the detection that central control unit is used for electric component.Meanwhile, receive the vibration signal of the vibration transducer A output that is installed in the wind speed rotating shaft by analog to digital conversion circuit A, and after converting digital signal to, be sent to the detection that central control unit is used for mechanical component.
Central control unit treat each wind speed check point detect finish after, organize vibration signal according to the N that receives wind speed detection signal and N, generate the testing result of electric component and mechanical component in the wind speed parts respectively.Its concrete grammar is:
The detection method of electric component: the corresponding actual wind speed value of wind speed detection signal of each wind speed check point and the wind speed setting value of this check point are compared, if the two judges that then the electric component in the wind speed parts is normal in the error range that the difference of each wind speed check point is all allowing; Otherwise, judge that the electric component in the wind speed parts breaks down.
The detection method of mechanical component: the vibration signal that collects according to each wind speed check point calculates the Oscillation Amplitude of wind speed rotating shaft, judges whether the shaft vibration amplitude of each wind speed check point has exceeded given standard boundary; If all do not exceed the standard boundary, judge that then the mechanical component (being often referred to bearing) in the wind speed parts is normal; Otherwise, judge the mechanical component fault in the wind speed parts.
After mechanical component in judging the wind speed rotating shaft breaks down, can further start the testing process of fault type, be the fault of which kind of type with what determine that mechanical component occurs, for example: bearing wear or scratch, spot corrosion, still crackle and fault such as damaged occur.The concrete determination methods of its fault type, present embodiment adopt the design of support vector machine classification to realize.
Support vector machine (SVM) classification is a kind of new mode identification method that comes out in the development of the basis of statistical theory, and it is based on a kind of sorting technique of structural risk minimization, and its core purpose is the optimal classification face that finds between two class samples.Select radially basic kernel function as the kernel function of support vector machine classifier, choosing 10 propeller type wind detection sensors tests, extract wherein the vibration performance Vector Groups of the wind speed rotating shaft correspondence of three wind detection sensors (including the vibration performance vector that N n ties up in each vibration performance Vector Groups) as training sample set, the vibration performance Vector Groups of the wind speed rotating shaft correspondence of two other wind detection sensor is as the test sample book collection, and the vibration performance Vector Groups of the wind speed rotating shaft correspondence of five wind detection sensors of residue is as the test samples collection.Each sample set substitution sorter is carried out model training, determine radially the parameter of basic kernel function and the optimal value of penalty factor, and then set up final detection model.This process is carried out before the formal wind detection sensor detection task carrying out.
In actual test process, the wind speed rotating shaft that drives propeller type wind detection sensor to be tested is rotated continuously with the different setting rotating speed of N kind.Gather under the N kind different rotating speeds by being installed in the N group vibration signal of the vibration transducer output in the wind speed rotating shaft, in each group vibration signal, all include the vibration data that several collect in different time points, be the interval with 10 milliseconds for example, the a series of vibration datas of continuous acquisition in 2 minutes time, form the vibrational waveform under the different rotating speeds, constitute N group vibration signal.
On the basis of wavelet analysis, use wavelet packet and extract each group vibration signal at the energy of n different frequency bands, form the vibration performance vector of N n dimension.Because on the basis of wavelet analysis, use the energy that wavelet packet extracts vibration signal, and the method that forms the vibration performance vector has been present proven technique, therefore, present embodiment does not elaborate at this.
Vibration performance vector to described N n dimension carries out normalized, and the substitution support vector machine classifier is identified then, to obtain the fault type of mechanical component in the wind speed parts.
After test finishes, show testing result by liquid crystal display, will detect data simultaneously and be sent to remote server by Ethernet.
Fig. 5 is sub-thread for wind direction detects.
At first, set rotational angle and the wind direction check point of second motor according to the parameter indexs such as wind direction resolution of the propeller type wind detection sensor of this model, described wind direction check point should be chosen in 0 ° ~ 360 ° scope.Then, drive the rotation of the second driven by motor worm screw by central control unit pointwise control motor driver, and then the wind direction rotating shaft that utilizes the worm drive angle scale to drive the propeller type wind detection sensor is rotated relative to the empennage pointwise.Utilize scrambler to detect the turned position of second motor, and feed back to motor driver in real time, to control by motor driver on the angle value that second motor turns to setting.
Gather the wind direction detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output by the wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, each check point is gathered a wind direction detection signal and get final product, convert digital signal to after, be sent to central control unit for the detection of electric component.
After the rotating shaft of control wind direction rotates a circle, central control unit receives the wind direction detection signal of each wind direction check point, the angle value of the corresponding actual angle value of the wind direction detection signal of each wind direction check point and setting is compared, if the two judges that then the electric component in the wind direction parts is normal in the error range that the difference of each wind direction check point is all allowing; Otherwise, judge that the electric component in the wind direction parts breaks down.
After the electric component in the wind direction parts is executed fault detect, begin the mechanical component in the wind direction parts is detected.Concrete grammar is:
At first, drive the wind direction rotating shaft successively in basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed rotation, gather the vibration signal of wind direction rotating shaft under different rotating speeds by analog to digital conversion circuit B, described vibration signal is provided by the vibration transducer B that is installed in the wind direction rotating shaft, and after converting digital signal to, export the Oscillation Amplitude that central control unit generates wind direction rotating shaft under the different rotating speeds to.Judge whether the Oscillation Amplitude of surveying under each grade rotating speed has exceeded given standard boundary, if all do not exceed given standard boundary, judge that then the wind direction rotating shaft is normal; Otherwise, judge wind direction rotating shaft fault.
After judging that the wind direction rotating shaft is broken down, further start the testing process of fault type, be the fault of which kind of type with what determine the appearance of wind direction mechanical component.The concrete determination methods of its fault type adopts the design of support vector machine classification to realize equally.Detailed process is:
Drive the wind direction rotating shaft and rotate continuously with the different rotating speed of M kind, for example under 5 meters of per seconds, 10 meters, 15 meters three kinds of rotating speeds, rotate respectively.Gather under the M kind different rotating speeds by being installed on the M group vibration signal of the vibration transducer output in the wind direction rotating shaft, be the interval with 20 milliseconds for example, several vibration datas of continuous acquisition in 2 minutes time form the vibrational waveform under the different rotating speeds, constitute M group vibration signal.
On the basis of wavelet analysis, use wavelet packet and extract each group vibration signal at the energy of m different frequency bands, form the vibration performance vector of M m dimension;
Vibration performance vector to described M m dimension carries out normalized, the substitution support vector machine classifier is identified then, obtaining the fault type of mechanical component in the wind speed parts, for example bearing wear of wind direction rotating shaft, spot corrosion, crackle or fault such as damaged appear.
The support vector machine classifier here can adopt the method for designing design realization that detects the support vector machine classifier in the subprocess with above-mentioned wind speed, and present embodiment no longer launches explanation at this.
After test finishes, show testing result by liquid crystal display, will detect data simultaneously and be sent to remote server by Ethernet.
The propeller type wind detection sensor of present embodiment after at design typification, a kind of convenient disassembly, automatic fault detection system simple to operate have been researched and developed, be used for the detection of dispatching from the factory of such wind detection sensor, the tests such as periodicity detection that operation is used, mainly have the following advantages:
(1) system has contained the multiple signal output form of propeller type wind detection sensor, and sample circuit is connected automatically by relay, can detect simultaneously wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft, has improved detection efficiency greatly;
(2) The Hardware Design has the vibration signals collecting circuit, software is by the vibration data of wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft under the analysis different rotating speeds, whether the bearing that can judge wind detection sensor weares and teares, phenomenons such as non-corroding, clamping stagnation is arranged, and helps to find before wind detection sensor is measured inefficacy potential hidden danger.Simultaneously, for fault sensor, software can also identify the fault mode of parts, so native system all has high value of practical aspect preventative maintenance and the corrective maintenance;
(3) utilize worm and gear model construction wind angle scale, adopt servomotor control worm drive and then drive the method that angle scale rotates, make the relative circular motion between wind detection sensor and the angle scale can either low-speed running, also can run up.During low-speed running, can make the wind direction measuring accuracy of system be accurate to 1 degree; When running up, the characteristic parameter of vibration signal is more obvious, makes the fault diagnosis of wind direction mechanical component more accurate;
(4) detect data and can be kept at this locality by the SD card, also can be sent to remote server by Ethernet, convenient local and remote monitoring;
(5) system's easy installation and removal, simple to operate greatly reduces the detection cost, has the higher meaning of applying.
Certainly; above-mentioned explanation is not to be limitation of the present invention; the present invention also is not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and the variation that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. fault detection system that is used for the propeller type wind detection sensor is characterized in that: be provided with two motor drivers, two motors, two vibration transducers and worm screw, angle scale, signal acquisition circuit and central control unit; Described central control unit connects two motor drivers, two motor drivers connect one to one with two motors respectively, and wherein, first motor is used for connecting the wind speed rotating shaft of propeller type wind detection sensor, by driving wind speed rotating shaft rotation, carry out the detection of wind speed parts; Second motor connects worm screw, described worm screw is meshed with the turbo tooth that is arranged on the angle scale periphery, the central shaft of angle scale is used for being connected and fixed with the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type wind detection sensor, drive the wind direction rotating shaft by angle scale and rotate relative to the empennage of propeller type wind detection sensor, to carry out the detection of wind direction parts; A vibration transducer is installed respectively in described wind speed rotating shaft and wind direction rotating shaft, gather the vibration signal of wind speed detection signal, wind direction detection signal and two vibration transducer outputs of the output of propeller type wind detection sensor respectively by signal acquisition circuit, and transfer to central control unit generation testing result.
2. fault detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the empennage of described propeller type wind detection sensor connects support, and described support is fixed on the base.
3. fault detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also be provided with two scramblers in described fault detection system, wherein, first scrambler connects first motor, detect first rotating speed of motor, and the formation speed signal feedback is to the motor driver that connects first motor; Second scrambler connects second motor, detects the turned position of second machine shaft, and generates the motor driver that position signalling feeds back to connection second motor.
4. according to each described fault detection system in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: in described signal acquisition circuit, be provided with wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit and two analog to digital conversion circuits; Wherein, in described wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit, be respectively arranged with the wind velocity signal Acquisition Circuit based on impulse form and serial ports form, connect the propeller type wind detection sensor by relay respectively, type according to the wind speed detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output, pilot relay selects a transportation work style velocity signal capturing circuit of type matching to be communicated with the propeller type wind detection sensor, receives the wind speed detection signal; In described wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit, be respectively arranged with the wind direction signals Acquisition Circuit based on Gray code form, voltage form and serial ports form, connect the propeller type wind detection sensor by relay respectively, type according to the wind direction detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output, pilot relay selects a transportation work style of type matching to be communicated with the propeller type wind detection sensor to signal acquisition circuit, receives the wind direction detection signal; Described two analog to digital conversion circuits connect one to one with two vibration transducers respectively, receive the analog quantity vibration signal of vibration transducer output, and after converting digital signal to, export described central control unit to.
5. fault detection method based on the fault detection system of above-mentioned propeller type wind detection sensor is characterized in that: comprise the testing process of wind speed parts and the testing process of wind direction parts, wherein,
In the testing process of described wind speed parts, the wind speed rotating shaft that drives the first driven by motor propeller type wind detection sensor by central control unit control motor driver is rotated continuously according to setting rotating speed; Gather the wind speed detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output by signal acquisition circuit; The corresponding actual wind speed value of described wind speed detection signal is compared with setting the corresponding wind speed setting value of rotating speed, generate the testing result of electric component in the wind speed parts;
In the testing process of described wind direction parts, drive the second driven by motor worm screw by central control unit control motor driver and rotate, the wind direction rotating shaft that utilizes the worm drive angle scale to drive the propeller type wind detection sensor is rotated according to the angle value of setting relative to empennage; Gather the wind direction detection signal of propeller type wind detection sensor output by signal acquisition circuit; The angle value of the corresponding actual angle value of described wind direction detection signal and setting is compared, generate the testing result of electric component in the wind direction parts.
6. fault detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in the testing process of described wind direction parts, the rotating shaft of control wind direction rotates a circle, and a plurality of check points are set in the process that rotates a circle, each check point is carried out the comparison of actual angle value and set angle value, if the comparative result of each check point all in the error range that allows, judges that then the electric component in the wind direction parts is normal.
7. fault detection method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in the testing process of described wind direction parts, after the electric component in the wind direction parts is finished detection, startup is to the testing process of the mechanical component in the wind direction parts: drive the wind direction rotating shaft of propeller type wind detection sensor successively in basic, normal, high third gear rotating speed rotation, gather the vibration signal of wind direction rotating shaft under different rotating speeds, whether exceeded given standard boundary by the Oscillation Amplitude of judging actual measurement, become a common practice next life to the rotating shaft testing result of fault whether.
8. fault detection method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: after judging wind direction rotating shaft fault, start the testing process of fault type:
Drive the wind direction rotating shaft and rotate continuously with the different rotating speed of M kind, gather under the M kind different rotating speeds by being installed on the M group vibration signal of the vibration transducer output in the wind direction rotating shaft;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, use wavelet packet and extract each group vibration signal at the energy of m different frequency bands, form M vibration performance vector;
Described M vibration performance vector carried out normalized, adopt the support vector machine classification to identify fault type then.
9. fault detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in the testing process of described wind speed parts, when the electric component in the wind speed parts is detected, mechanical component in the wind speed parts is detected: each wind speed check point is carried out the collection of wind speed shaft vibration signal, whether exceed given standard boundary by the Oscillation Amplitude of judging actual measurement, become the whether testing result of fault of wind speed rotating shaft next life.
10. fault detection method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: after judging wind speed rotating shaft fault, start the testing process of fault type:
Drive the wind speed rotating shaft and rotate continuously with the different setting rotating speed of N kind, gather under the N kind different rotating speeds by being installed in the N group vibration signal of the vibration transducer output in the wind speed rotating shaft;
On the basis of wavelet analysis, use wavelet packet and extract each group vibration signal at the energy of n different frequency bands, form N vibration performance vector;
Described N vibration performance vector carried out normalized, adopt the support vector machine classification to identify fault type then.
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| CN106646678A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 中环天仪（天津）气象仪器有限公司 | Visibility sensor fault diagnosis device and detection method therefor |
| CN106919164A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-04 | 河海大学 | Water conservancy unit failure analysis methods based on storehouse autocoder |
| CN107076775A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-08-18 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Wind speed measurement method, system and the unmanned vehicle of unmanned vehicle |
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| CN110371320A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-25 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of device, method and application for testing revolution speed of propeller, lift and noise |
| CN112213516A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | Floating platform wind measuring method based on dynamic inversion |
| CN115144616A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-04 | 山东省气象局大气探测技术保障中心(山东省气象计量站) | Wind direction indication value calibrating device and method for ocean anemometer |
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| CN103777040A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-05-07 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Signal simulation measuring system and measuring method |
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| CN106919164A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-04 | 河海大学 | Water conservancy unit failure analysis methods based on storehouse autocoder |
| CN106919164B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-05-28 | 河海大学 | Water conservancy unit failure analysis methods based on storehouse autocoder |
| CN107389976A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-11-24 | 郑兴 | A kind of instrument and meter detects wind direction detector |
| CN110371320A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-25 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of device, method and application for testing revolution speed of propeller, lift and noise |
| CN110371320B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-04-23 | 山东交通学院 | Device and method for testing rotating speed, lift force and noise of propeller and application |
| CN112213516A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | Floating platform wind measuring method based on dynamic inversion |
| CN115144616A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-04 | 山东省气象局大气探测技术保障中心(山东省气象计量站) | Wind direction indication value calibrating device and method for ocean anemometer |
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