CN203422633U - Multi-signal acquisition velocity measurement and reverse rotation protection control device - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-signal acquisition speed measurement and reverse protection control device, which includes a signal acquisition device and a controller, the signal acquisition device is used to collect the rotation signal of the rotating mechanical equipment to be tested, the signal input end of the controller is connected to the signal acquisition device, The control output terminal is connected with the host computer or the control device of the tested rotating mechanical equipment; the signal acquisition device includes a signal generating device and/or a signal detection device; the controller includes a single-chip microcomputer, a signal acquisition circuit, a pulse shaping circuit, an inverting circuit, DA conversion module, relay output circuit, analog signal output circuit, communication module, remote reset and bypass input circuit, key module, memory module, display module and power supply module. The utility model realizes the forward and reverse detection and protection of the tested rotating mechanical equipment, and has the characteristics of large rotational speed measurement range, wide voltage input and current circuit break protection at the output. It not only has powerful functions, but also has high precision, strong anti-interference, Strong.

Description

Multi-signal acquisition speed measurement and reverse protection control device

technical field

The utility model relates to a protection control device for rotating mechanical equipment, in particular to a multi-signal acquisition speed measurement and reverse protection control device.

Background technique

Various rotating mechanical equipment such as steam turbine engines, industrial steam turbines, internal combustion engines, water pumps and wind speeds in power plants require speed measurement and protection control.

There are many types of tachometers on the market, but most of them are equipped with designated sensors, which cannot be used universally for different signals and sensors, and it is difficult to unify the standards, which cannot meet the needs of the international market. There are also tachometers with reverse protection, but there are certain defects in principle. To sum up, there are several ways to judge positive and negative:

1. Install two sensors perpendicular to each other at the bearing gear position of the rotating machinery. The first is the main sensor and the second is the auxiliary sensor. When rotating forward, the phase difference between the main sensor signal and the auxiliary sensor signal is 30°C; when rotating reversely, the phase difference between the two signals is 90°C. In this way, the positive and negative rotation of the machine can be identified by using the forward and reverse discrimination circuit, but the disadvantage of this method is that the cost is high and the installation is inconvenient.

2. The patent for water pump speed measurement and protection device (application number 97205954.7) uses a sensor plus special gears to judge forward and reverse rotation. Several sets of large, medium and small tooth tips are processed on the gear, with a width of 3:2:1. The processor can judge forward and reverse rotation by judging different pulse sequences, but the disadvantage of this method is that the processing technology is difficult, and the number of gears is relatively small, which reduces the accuracy of speed measurement.

3. The patent for the reverse detection device for internal combustion engines (application number 200580023415.X) uses multiple teeth and a residual tooth part, and the sensor is judged according to the slope of different analog signals generated or the output of different calibration signals when the sensor passes Forward and reverse. However, this method is not suitable for high-speed conditions, the installation position is strict, and the anti-interference ability is low.

Utility model content

In view of the above deficiencies, the utility model provides a multi-signal acquisition speed measurement and reverse protection control device, which can not only measure the rotating speed of rotating mechanical equipment, carry out forward and reverse detection and protection, but also have high measurement accuracy and anti-interference ability powerful.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: the multi-signal acquisition speed measurement and reverse protection control device, including a signal acquisition device and a controller, the signal acquisition device is used to collect the rotation signal of the measured rotating mechanical equipment, It is characterized in that the signal input end of the controller is connected with the signal acquisition device, and the control output end is connected with the upper computer or the control device of the rotating mechanical equipment under test;

The signal acquisition device includes a signal generation device and/or a signal detection device;

The controller includes a single-chip microcomputer, a signal acquisition circuit, a pulse shaping circuit, an inverting circuit, a DA conversion module, a relay output circuit, an analog signal output circuit, a communication module, a remote reset and bypass input circuit, a key module, a memory module, a display module and a power supply module; the signal acquisition circuit includes a signal processing circuit and a comparison circuit, the input end of the signal processing circuit is connected with the analog signal acquisition device, and is sent to be connected with the input end of the comparison circuit, and the input end of the comparison circuit It is connected with the pulse shaping circuit, the pulse shaping circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the single-chip microcomputer and the inverting circuit through the photoelectric isolation circuit, and the output end of the said inverting circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer; The circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the comparator; the described relay output circuit, analog signal output circuit, communication module, remote reset and bypass input circuit are respectively connected with the single-chip microcomputer through the photoelectric isolation circuit; the described button The module, the memory module, the display module and the power supply module are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer.

Preferably, the signal generating device includes a voltage signal generating device and/or a multi-waveform signal generator.

Preferably, the signal detection device includes a rotary encoder, and the rotary encoder is arranged on the rotating shaft of the rotating mechanical equipment to be tested.

Preferably, the signal detection device includes a speed measurement gear and a non-contact detection device, the speed measurement gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating mechanical equipment to be tested, and the non-contact detection device is arranged on the tooth tip of the speed measurement gear through a fixed bracket near and connected to the controller;

The outer circumference of the speed measuring gear is provided with several groups of tooth roots and tooth tips, the width of one group of tooth roots and tooth tips in the several groups is larger than the width of other groups of tooth roots and tooth tips, and the speed measuring gear is fixed on the Measuring on the shaft of rotating mechanical equipment;

The non-contact detection device includes a magnetoelectric speed sensor, a magnetoresistive speed sensor, a Hall speed sensor, an eddy current sensor and a door proximity switch.

Further, the power module includes a single-ended flyback 3-way output switching power supply and a system power supply module, a sensor power module, a digital power supply module and a communication power supply module, and the input terminal of the single-ended flyback 3-way output switching power supply It is connected to the input power supply through the anti-surge circuit, and the output terminal includes DC+33V output terminal, DC-33V output terminal and DC+12V output terminal; the system power supply module includes MC34063 integrated chip, L7824 three-terminal voltage regulator, L7815 three-terminal Terminal voltage regulator, L7915 three-terminal voltage regulator and L7905 three-terminal voltage regulator, the MC34063 integrated chip, L7824 three-terminal voltage regulator and L7815 three-terminal voltage regulator are respectively connected to the DC+33V output terminal as a controller system Provide working voltages of +5V, +24V and +15V, the L7915 three-terminal voltage regulator and the L7905 three-terminal voltage regulator are respectively connected to the DC-33V output to provide the controller system with working voltages of -5V and -15V; The sensor power supply module includes two LM317 three-terminal regulators connected to the DC+33V output terminal and the DC-33V output terminal respectively, providing +3～+24V and -3～-24V working voltages for the sensor; The digital power supply module includes a LM1117 three-terminal voltage regulator, and the LM1117 three-terminal voltage regulator is connected to the DC+12V output terminal to provide working voltage for the digital circuit; the communication power supply module includes a DC/DC isolation module, and the DC/DC The isolation module is connected with the output terminal of the LM1117 three-terminal voltage regulator to provide the working voltage for the communication module.

Further, the signal acquisition circuit is composed of a discharge tube DT1, a bidirectional breakdown diode D1, a reverse diode D2, a reverse diode D3, a diode D4, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and comparator A composition.

Further, the display module includes a digital display tube and a driving circuit, and the digital display tube is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the driving circuit.

Further, the relay output circuit includes a channel OK relay output circuit, a zero-speed relay output circuit, a warning relay output circuit and a danger relay output circuit, the channel OK relay output circuit is connected with a normal operation indicator light, and the zero-speed relay The output circuit is connected with the zero speed indicator light, the warning relay output circuit is connected with an alarm device, and the dangerous relay output circuit is connected with the control device of the tested rotating machinery equipment.

Further, the analog signal output circuit includes a 4-20mA current output circuit.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The speed measurement and reverse protection control device described in the utility model has the characteristics of large speed measurement range, wide voltage input, current circuit break protection and maximum forward and reverse speed memory value for output by connecting different signal acquisition devices. It is not only powerful, It can be set up through the keyboard to meet various scenes, and the hardware is reliable, low in cost, fast in response, high in precision, strong in anti-interference, and strong in adaptability.

The utility model fixes the speed-measuring gear on the rotating shaft of the measured rotating mechanical equipment, and collects the signal of the speed-measuring gear through a non-contact detection device to measure the rotational speed of the tested rotating mechanical equipment, so as to realize the positive detection of the tested rotating mechanical equipment. Reverse detection and protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the principle of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of controller described in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the speed measuring gear described in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the power supply system of the controller described in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the signal acquisition circuit of controller described in the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a pulse sequence diagram of tooth tips and dedendums of the speed measuring gear described in the present invention;

In the figure, 1 speed measuring gear, 11 tooth tip, 12 tooth root, 13 shaft hole, 2 non-contact detection device, 3 controller, 4 fixed bracket; W1～Wn is the pulse sequence of the tooth tip, B1～Bn is the tooth root pulse sequence.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the utility model will be described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a speed measurement and reverse protection control device for multi-signal acquisition of the present invention includes a signal acquisition device and a controller 3, the signal acquisition device is used to collect the rotation signal of the rotating mechanical equipment to be tested, The signal input end of the controller 3 is connected to the signal acquisition device, and the control output end is connected to the upper computer or the control device of the tested rotating mechanical equipment; the signal acquisition device includes a signal generation device and/or a signal detection device. Wherein, the signal generating device includes a voltage signal generating device and/or a multi-waveform signal generator; the signal detecting device includes a speed measuring gear 1 and a non-contact detection device 2, and the speed measuring gear 1 is fixed on the rotating mechanical equipment under test On the rotating shaft, the non-contact detection device 2 is arranged near the tooth tip of the speed measuring gear through the fixed bracket 4 and connected with the controller 3; the non-contact detection device includes a magnetoelectric speed sensor, a reluctance speed sensor, Hall speed sensor, eddy current sensor or door proximity switch.

As shown in Figure 2, the controller described in the utility model includes ST series STM8S207S8 industrial single-chip microcomputer, signal acquisition circuit, pulse shaping circuit, inverting circuit, DA conversion module, relay output circuit, analog signal output circuit, communication module, Remote reset and bypass input circuit, button module, memory module, display module and power supply module; The signal acquisition circuit includes a signal processing circuit and a comparison circuit, and the input end of the signal processing circuit is connected with an analog signal acquisition device and sent to Connected to the input end of the comparison circuit, the input end of the comparison circuit is connected to the pulse shaping circuit, the pulse shaping circuit is respectively connected to the input end of the single chip microcomputer and the inverting circuit through the photoelectric isolation circuit, and the output end of the inverting circuit Connected with the single-chip microcomputer; the input end of the DA conversion module is connected with the single-chip microcomputer through the photoelectric isolation circuit, and the output end is connected with the input end of the comparator; the described relay output circuit, analog signal output circuit, communication module and remote reset and bypass The input circuit is respectively connected with the single-chip microcomputer through the photoelectric isolation circuit; the said button module, memory module, display module and power supply module are connected with the single-chip microcomputer respectively.

As shown in Figure 3, the outer circumference of the speed measuring gear 1 described in the utility model is provided with several groups of dedendums 12 and tooth tips 11, and the width of one group of dedendums and tooth tips in the several groups is equal to that of other groups of dedendums and tooth tips. Twice the width of the tooth tip; the root and tip radians of the other groups are α, and the tooth tip radians are β. The root and tip arcs of this group are 2α and 2β respectively. The speed measuring gear 1 passes through the shaft The hole 13 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating mechanical equipment to be tested.

As shown in Figure 4, further, the power module described in the utility model includes a single-ended flyback 3-way output switching power supply and a system power module, a sensor power module, a digital power module and a communication power module, the single-ended flyback The input end of the exciting 3-way output switching power supply is connected to the input power supply through the anti-surge circuit, and the output end includes DC+33V output end, DC-33V output end and DC+12V output end; the system power module includes MC34063 integrated chip , L7824 three-terminal voltage regulator, L7815 three-terminal voltage regulator, L7915 three-terminal voltage regulator and L7905 three-terminal voltage regulator, the MC34063 integrated chip, L7824 three-terminal voltage regulator and L7815 three-terminal voltage regulator are respectively connected with The DC+33V output terminal is connected to provide +5V, +24V and +15V operating voltages for the controller system, and the L7915 three-terminal voltage regulator and the L7905 three-terminal voltage regulator are respectively connected to the DC-33V output terminal as the controller system Provide working voltages of -5V and -15V; the sensor power supply module includes two LM317 three-terminal regulators connected to the DC+33V output terminal and the DC-33V output terminal respectively, providing +3 to +24V and - 3～-24V working voltage; the digital power supply module includes LM1117 three-terminal voltage regulator, and the LM1117 three-terminal voltage regulator is connected to the DC+12V output terminal to provide working voltage for the digital circuit; the communication power supply module includes DC /DC isolation module, the DC/DC isolation module is connected to the output terminal of the LM1117 three-terminal voltage regulator to provide the working voltage for the communication module.

As shown in Figure 5, further, the signal acquisition circuit described in the utility model is composed of a discharge tube DT1, a bidirectional breakdown diode D1, a reverse diode D2, a reverse diode D3, a diode D4, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a resistor R3 , resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6 and comparator A composition.

Furthermore, the display module described in the utility model includes a digital display tube and a driving circuit, and the digital display tube is connected to a single-chip microcomputer through the driving circuit.

Further, the relay output circuit described in the utility model includes a channel OK relay output circuit, a zero-speed relay output circuit, a warning relay output circuit and a danger relay output circuit, and the channel OK relay output circuit is connected with a normal operation indicator light, so The output circuit of the zero-speed relay is connected to the zero-speed indicator light, the output circuit of the warning relay is connected to an alarm device, and the output circuit of the danger relay is connected to the control device of the tested rotating mechanical equipment.

Further, the analog signal output circuit described in the present invention includes a 4-20mA current output circuit.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 6, a method for judging the forward and reverse rotation of a speed measurement and reverse rotation protection control device, which uses a speed measurement gear 1 to determine the forward and reverse rotation of the measured rotating mechanical equipment, the speed measurement The outer circumference of the gear 1 is provided with several groups of dedendums 12 and tooth tips 11, and the width of one group of dedendums and tooth tips in the several groups is twice the width of other groups of dedendums and tooth tips; the other groups of teeth The heel radian of the root and tooth tip is α, and the radian of the tooth tip is β. The radians of the tooth root and tooth tip of this group are 2α and 2β respectively.

The forward and reverse determination method of the speed measurement and reverse protection control device of the present utility model comprises the following steps:

(1) Obtain the rotation information of the speed measuring gear

Set the non-contact detection device 2 on the outer circle of the tooth tip 11 of the speed measuring gear 1, and keep a certain distance between the non-contact detection device 2 and the tooth tip 1 of the speed measuring gear 1, the non-contact detection device 1 will detect the tooth The tip signal is sent to controller 3;

(2) Form forward and reverse sequence pulses

The first tooth tip 11 and dedendum 12 that start to rotate at any speed-measuring gear position are taken as the first, and the last one is the total number of gears n. The random pulse sequence of the tooth tip and dedendum formed by the non-contact detection device 2 (such as As shown in Figure 6), the pulse width of the positive and negative sequence of the speed measuring gear is obtained through the external interrupt operation of the controller 3 or the internal timer;

(3) Forward and reverse judgment

It is stipulated that counterclockwise is forward rotation. The controller 3 first obtains the pulse of wide tooth root Bi+2, and then obtains the pulse of wide tooth tip Wi+2. If the two pulses are adjacent, it is forward rotation; otherwise, if the controller first obtains The pulse of wide tooth tip Wi+2 is obtained, and then the pulse of wide tooth root Bi+2 is obtained, and the two adjacent pulses are inversion.

The method to determine that Bi+2 and Wi+2 are the largest wide pulses in the tooth root and tooth tip pulse series: collect one cycle of pulses, and find the position of the tooth root and tooth tip by finding the maximum value. If it is relatively uniform rotation, it is easy to find, because the width of this wide pulse is twice the width of other pulses, and it can be effectively judged even if the speed is unstable; but if it is increasing and decelerating, it cannot be found by a simple method , must be solved by reduction method.

Let the width (time) of the first tooth tip at the beginning of rotation be Wt, and the width (time) of the first tooth root be Bt; then the instantaneous speed at this moment is taken as the average speed, and the sum of time Tw required for one round of n tooth tips, The sum Tb of the required time for n dedendums in one cycle, through calculation, it can be known that the time required for one rotation by the first pulse is Tp=Tw+Tb.

In the case of non-uniform motion, it takes time to rotate one circle and the ratio must be Tp, but the required time and time difference can be obtained, and the variation of the pulse on each gear can be further obtained, which can be restored to an approximate uniform rotation motion through the supplementary method , so that it is easy to obtain the maximum value and location of the two pulses. The direction of rotation can be determined according to the front and rear phases of the maximum values of the two pulses.

Below take internal combustion engine as example to specifically illustrate the implementation process of the present utility model:

The shaft hole of the speed measuring gear described in the utility model is fixed on the rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine, the eddy current sensor is arranged on the outer circle of the speed measuring gear through the fixed bracket, the probe of the eddy current sensor faces the speed measuring gear and is at a certain distance from the tooth tip, And the eddy current sensor is connected with the controller, and the dangerous relay output circuit of the controller is connected with the trip contactor of the internal combustion engine trip circuit. The eddy current sensor sends the detected signal of the speed measuring gear to the controller. The controller judges whether the internal combustion engine is running forward or reverse according to the received signal of the speed measuring gear. The trip contactor is used to trip and stop the internal combustion engine.

The input signal of the speed measurement and reverse protection control device described in the utility model can be 70mV\100mV\300mV\500mV\1V, etc., and the signal input form can be square wave, positive rotation wave, triangle wave, etc.; Sensors, magnetoresistive speed sensors, Hall speed sensors (single and dual channels), eddy current sensors, NPN/PNP/OC door proximity switches, rotary encoders, not only low speed and height measurement Measuring range: 0~99999RPM, wide The voltage input and output are protected by current circuit breaker, with the memory value of the maximum rotational speed in forward and reverse directions, and the control part is powerful, and can be set up through the keyboard to meet various scenes. The hardware is reliable, the cost is low, the response speed is fast, the anti-interference is strong, and the adaptability is strong. .

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as It is the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. testing the speed and reversal protection control device of signals collecting more than, comprise signal pickup assembly and controller, described signal pickup assembly is in order to gather the rotating signal of tested rotating machinery, it is characterized in that, the signal input part of described controller is connected with signal pickup assembly, and control output end is connected with the control device of host computer or tested rotating machinery;

Described signal pickup assembly comprises signal generation apparatus and/or signal supervisory instrument;

Described controller comprises single-chip microcomputer, signal acquisition circuit, pulse shaping circuit, negative circuit, DA modular converter, outputting circuit for relay, analog signal output circuit, communication module, remote reset and bypass input circuit, key-press module, memory module, display module and power module; Described signal acquisition circuit comprises signal processing circuit and comparator circuit, the input end of described signal processing circuit is connected with collection of simulant signal device, be transported to the input end of comparator circuit and be connected, the input end of described comparator circuit is connected with pulse shaping circuit, described pulse shaping circuit is connected with the input end of single-chip microcomputer and negative circuit respectively by photoelectric isolating circuit, and the output terminal of described negative circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; The input end of described DA modular converter is connected with single-chip microcomputer by photoelectric isolating circuit, and output terminal is connected with the input end of comparer; Described outputting circuit for relay, analog signal output circuit, communication module and remote reset are connected with single-chip microcomputer by photoelectric isolating circuit respectively with bypass input circuit; Described key-press module, memory module, display module and power module are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively.

2. testing the speed and reversal protection control device of many signals collecting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described signal generation apparatus comprises device for generating voltage signal and/or Multi-waveshape signal generator.

3. testing the speed and reversal protection control device of many signals collecting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described signal supervisory instrument comprises rotary encoder, and described rotary encoder is arranged in the rotating shaft of tested rotating machinery.

4. many signals collecting according to claim 1 tests the speed and reversal protection control device, it is characterized in that, described signal supervisory instrument comprises measure speed gears and contactless detection device, described measure speed gears is fixed in the rotating shaft of tested rotating machinery, and described contactless detection device is arranged near the crown of measure speed gears and is connected with controller by fixed support;

The periphery of described measure speed gears is provided with some groups of tooth roots and crown, and one group of tooth root in described some groups and the width of crown are greater than the width of other group tooth root and crown, and measure speed gears is fixed in the rotating shaft of tested rotating machinery by axis hole;

Described contactless detection device comprises magnetic power rotation speed sensor, magnetic resistance speed sensor, Hall revolution speed sensing, current vortex sensor and door approach switch.

5. testing the speed and reversal protection control device according to the many signals collecting described in claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described power module comprises single-ended flyback 3 road output switch power sources and system power supply module, sensor electrical source module, digital power module and communication power supply module, the input end of described single-ended flyback 3 road output switch power sources is connected with input power by anti-surge circuit, and output terminal comprises DC+33V output terminal, DC-33V output terminal and DC+12V output terminal; Described system power supply module comprises MC34063 integrated chip, L7824 three terminal regulator, L7815 three terminal regulator, L7915 three terminal regulator and L7905 three terminal regulator, described MC34063 integrated chip, L7824 three terminal regulator and L7815 three terminal regulator respectively with DC+33V output terminal be connected to controller system provide+5V ,+24V and+operating voltage of 15V, described L7915 three terminal regulator and L7905 three terminal regulator respectively with the DC-33V output terminal provide-5V that is connected to controller system and-operating voltage of 15V; Described sensor electrical source module comprises 2 LM317 three terminal regulators that are connected with DC-33V output terminal with DC+33V output terminal respectively, is the operating voltage of provide+3～+ 24V and-3～-24V of sensor; Described digital power module comprises LM1117 three terminal regulator, and described LM1117 three terminal regulator and DC+12V output terminal are connected to digital circuit provides operating voltage; Described communication power supply module comprises DC/DC isolation module, and described DC/DC isolation module is connected with the output terminal of LM1117 three terminal regulator, for communication module provides operating voltage.

6. testing the speed and reversal protection control device according to the many signals collecting described in claim 1 to 4 any one; it is characterized in that, described signal acquisition circuit is comprised of discharge tube DT1, diac D1, backward dioded D2, backward dioded D3, diode D4, resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, resistance R 4, resistance R 5, resistance R 6 and comparer A.

7. according to the testing the speed and reversal protection control device of the many signals collecting described in claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described display module comprises digital display tube and driving circuit, and described digital display tube is connected with single-chip microcomputer by driving circuit.

8. testing the speed and reversal protection control device according to the many signals collecting described in claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described outputting circuit for relay comprises passage OK outputting circuit for relay, zero tachometric relay output circuit, warning outputting circuit for relay and dangerous outputting circuit for relay, described passage OK outputting circuit for relay is connected with normal run indicator, described zero tachometric relay output circuit connects and zero speed light, described warning outputting circuit for relay is connected with warning device, described dangerous outputting circuit for relay is connected with the control device of tested rotating machinery.

9. according to the testing the speed and reversal protection control device of the many signals collecting described in claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described analog signal output circuit comprises 4～20mA current output circuit.

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