CN103267870A - Method and device for measuring flame propagation speed of flammable liquid - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring flame propagation speed of flammable liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN103267870A CN103267870A CN201310162238XA CN201310162238A CN103267870A CN 103267870 A CN103267870 A CN 103267870A CN 201310162238X A CN201310162238X A CN 201310162238XA CN 201310162238 A CN201310162238 A CN 201310162238A CN 103267870 A CN103267870 A CN 103267870A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring flame propagation speed of flammable liquid. A combustion cell which can form different inclined angles with the horizontal plane and has the adjustable width is designed, porous oil absorption material adsorbing the flammable liquid in a saturation mode is tiled in the combustion cell, flame combustion of the flammable liquid is recorded through a high-speed camera, ignition positions are selected, ignition is performed, and therefore continuous combustion of the flame of the flammable liquid can be achieved on the conditions of the different inclined angles, different widths and the different ignition positions. A dynamic process of flame propagation is recorded through the high-speed camera, a computer stores the dynamic process of the flame propagation, and analyzes and processes experimental data, and therefore the flame propagation speed of the flammable liquid on the conditions of the different inclined angles and the different widths is measured. The flame propagation speed, measured by the method and the device, of the flammable liquid has guiding significance for fighting and control of fire disasters of the flammable liquid. The device is compact in structure, simple to operate, relatively accurate in measured result, and easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flammable liquid flame propagation velocity determination techniques, particularly flammable liquid flame propagation velocity determination techniques under different in width, different heeling condition.
Background technology
Flammable liquid refers to exist with liquid condition under the normal temperature, meets fire and causes burning easily, and its flash-point is at the combustible material below 45 ℃.Its characteristic has: the inflammable and explosive property of steam, and expanded by heating, easy static electricity gathered, the mobile extendability of height with oxidisability strong acid and oxygenant effect, has in various degree toxicity etc.Flammable liquid must keep fire away in use, thermal source, power supply, and the burning of flammable liquid is to form combustible mixture by the steam of its volatilization and air, reaches to meet burning things which may cause a fire disaster after certain concentration and realize.Flammable liquid mostly is organic compound, wherein much belongs to petrochemicals, and common have gasoline, ethanol, a benzene etc.
Flammable liquid is widely used among commercial production and the life, yet, because flammable liquid inflammability, and the lower explosive limit that the steam that it volatilizes and air form the explosive gas cloud is lower usually, thereby have great fire explosion danger in its production, use and storage process, and in a single day flammable liquid has an accident and often causes great casualties and property economic loss.
Because the easy flow expansion characteristic of height of flammable liquid itself, flammable liquid is no matter whether meeting burning things which may cause a fire disaster is lighted and caught fire, in case take place to reveal or overflow, all will trickle along ground or along with the water surface floats diffusing.Along with the development of flow expansion process, flammable liquid is met the probability of burning things which may cause a fire disaster breaking out of fire and the burning area after the fire generation increases thereupon.Therefore, for putting out a fire to save life and property for control of flammable liquid fire, at first answer cutting flame to spread approach, the control combustion range.
The flammable liquid flame propagation velocity is for rest frame, and it is an important indicator that influences the fire spread process, also is an important evidence that instructs fire attack and control simultaneously.Flammable liquid fire in the reality mostly occurs under certain landform environmental baseline, and its flame propagation approach is irregular often.Thereby, measure the velocity of propagation of flammable liquid flame under different in width, different heeling condition putting out a fire to save life and property of flammable liquid fire had more real directive significance with control.
At present, research at flammable liquid propagation of flame process mainly lays particular emphasis on microscopic fields such as spreading mechanism, measuring flame propagation velocity and mostly be with a certain specific flame is object, fire spread process in its experimental situation and fire severe degree and the reality is quite different, and mainly lay particular emphasis at present the one way propagation speed of flame front at the flammable liquid flame propagation velocity, seldom the plane velocity of propagation of flame spread area is measured.On the other hand, because the easy flow expansion characteristic of height of liquid itself and the complicacy of actual environment, flammable liquid flame transmission process also has certain difficulty in the simulation reality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of measuring the velocity of propagation of flammable liquid flame under different in width, different heeling condition, to instruct putting out a fire to save life and property and control work of flammable liquid fire in the reality.
Absorption is the interphase mass transfer process, and the material Transfer direction is to solid phase by liquid phase.Flammable liquid has the characteristic of high flow diffusion, and the porous oil-absorbing material has the suction-operated stronger to flammable liquid, there is capillary action in the porous oil-absorbing material simultaneously, its capillary force of porous oil-absorbing material use that has fully adsorbed flammable liquid can be constantly be transported to the surface with the flame support sustained combustion with wherein flammable liquid.The essence of flammable liquid burning is the combustible vapor of volatilization and the combustion chemistry reaction that air takes place, fully adsorbed the volatilization combustible vapor speed that the porous oil-absorbing material of flammable liquid has and be similar to flammable liquid, so the porous oil-absorbing material that has fully adsorbed flammable liquid can be regarded as the flammable liquid of equal volume shape.The present invention has taken full advantage of the physical characteristics of porous oil-absorbing material absorption flammable liquid, has realized the heeling condition of flammable liquid by physics mode.
Tiling has the porous oil-absorbing material in a kind of assay method of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity, combustion cell, and porous oil-absorbing material absorption flammable liquid is to saturated; Regulate the angle of inclination of combustion cell; Lighter, high-speed camera are connected with computing machine, and computing machine sends firing command, trigger high-speed camera shooting record, by computer software analysis of experimental data are handled, and measure flammable liquid flame transmission speed.The determinator of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity, described device mainly are made up of combustion cell, oiling drum, porous oil-absorbing material, lighter, high-speed camera, igniting shooting controller and computing machine.
Being used for measuring flammable liquid flame burning pond length * wide * height is 7.00m * 6.00m * 0.04m, be a stainless steel, sealing, the bottom surface is smooth, the top opens wide rectangular tank all around, be provided with space bar in the combustion cell, long 7m, described space bar is in order to realize the variation of combustion cell width, and space bar contacts with the combustion cell edge is airtight.Combustion cell one side is provided with the angle modulation frame, the angle modulation frame is fixedlyed connected by screw with combustion cell, tiling porous oil-absorbing material in the combustion cell that sets width, it is extremely saturated that the porous oil-absorbing material fully adsorbs the flammable liquid that is flowed into by oiling drum, regulate the angle modulation frame, make combustion cell tilt to the angle of testing requirements, to realize the variation at flammable liquid angle of inclination.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: regulate the combustion cell space bar and obtain the width that needs, the porous oil-absorbing material is tiled in the combustion cell under this width; Oiling drum is placed on the scaoffold, and filling spout leads to combustion cell, opens priming valve, and flammable liquid flow in the combustion cell, and the porous oil-absorbing material absorption flammable liquid of tiling is closed priming valve to saturated; Regulate the angle modulation frame of combustion cell, corresponding heeling condition is realized at the angle of inclination that acquisition needs; With lighter, high-speed camera normally is connected with computing machine by igniting shooting controller, regulate igniting shooting controller and make that ignition energy is zero, computing machine sends firing command, trigger high-speed camera shooting record, the image of record is presented on the computer screen in real time, by computer installation high-speed camera parameter, regulating the high-speed camera frame makes the high-speed camera camera lens perpendicular to the combustion cell face, regulate aperture and focal length, make the captured image quality the best of high-speed camera, ignition location, regulate the ignition energy of igniting shooting controller need to obtain, computing machine sends firing command, and tactile computer control high-speed camera makes it stop record, thereby sets the best shooting state of high-speed camera; Point of adjustment firearm steady arm chooses sends out the lighter igniting, trigger high-speed camera shooting record simultaneously, the image of record is presented on the computer screen in real time, behind the flammable liquid flame propagation dynamic process down to be recorded, the operation computing machine makes high-speed camera stop record and preserves captured flame propagation dynamic video and image sequence; Thereby experimental data is carried out analyzing and processing measure flammable liquid flame transmission speed.
Experimental data is carried out the one way propagation speed that flammable liquid flame propagation velocity that analyzing and processing measures mainly comprises flame front, and unit is m/s, and the plane velocity of propagation of flame spread area, and unit is m
2/ s.The flame propagation dynamic video of preserving imported to the supporting ProAnalyst motion analysis software of high-speed camera carry out the one way propagation speed that analyzing and processing obtains flame front; Using photoshop image processing and analyzing software analyzes the flame propagation bitmap images sequence of preserving, according to the image sequence order constituency is made in flame diffusion area zone in every two field picture, calculate the area in every two field picture flame diffusion area zone as the rope number by statistics in the constituency then, the conversion of passing ratio chi obtains the area of actual flame spread surface area again, thereby measure flame spread area situation, i.e. the plane velocity of propagation of flame spread area over time.
The inventive method apparatus structure compactness, operation steps are simple, and measurement result is comparatively accurate, applies easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the determinator of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
Embodiment one
Regulate the angle modulation frame 4 of combustion cell, obtaining the combustion cell angle of inclination is 15 °, thereby realizes corresponding heeling condition; Lighter 6, high-speed camera 7 normally are connected with computing machine 14 by igniting shooting controller 9, regulate igniting shooting controller 9 and make that ignition energy is zero, computing machine 14 sends firing command to igniting shooting controller 9, namely trigger high-speed camera 7 shooting records, the image of record is presented on the display screen of computing machine 14 in real time.
The parameter of high-speed camera 7 is set by computing machine 14, regulating high-speed camera frame 8 makes the high-speed camera camera lens perpendicular to the combustion cell face, regulate aperture and focal length, make the captured image quality the best of high-speed camera 7, computing machine 14 can be controlled high-speed camera 7, and the best shooting state of entering of high-speed camera 7 is set; Point of adjustment firearm steady arm 5 chooses ignition location, regulate igniting shooting controller 9 to obtain the ignition energy of gasoline, computing machine 14 sends firing command, 6 igniting of trigger point firearm, trigger high-speed camera 7 shooting records simultaneously, the image of record is presented on the display screen of computing machine 14 in real time, and behind the gasoline flame propagation dynamic process down to be recorded, operation computing machine 14 makes high-speed camera 7 stop record and preserves captured flame propagation dynamic video and image sequence thereof; The flame propagation dynamic video of high-speed camera 7 record imported to carry out analyzing and processing with the supporting ProAnalyst motion analysis software of high-speed camera can to obtain width be 0.50m, the one way propagation speed of flame front was 1.43m/s when the angle of inclination was 15 °; Using photoshop image processing and analyzing software analyzes the flame propagation bitmap images sequence of high-speed camera 7 records, according to the image sequence order constituency is made in flame diffusion area zone in every two field picture, calculate the area in every two field picture flame diffusion area zone as the rope number by statistics in the constituency then, the conversion of passing ratio chi obtains the area of actual flame spread surface area again, thereby measure flame spread area situation over time, in this embodiment, width is 0.50m, the plane velocity of propagation of the flame spread area of measuring when the angle of inclination is 15 ° is 0.69m
2/ s.
Embodiment two
Regulate the angle modulation frame 4 of combustion cell, obtaining the combustion cell angle of inclination is 60 °, thereby realizes corresponding heeling condition; Lighter 6, high-speed camera 7 normally are connected with computing machine 14 by igniting shooting controller 9, regulate igniting shooting controller 9 and make that ignition energy is zero, computing machine 14 sends firing command to igniting shooting controller 9, namely trigger high-speed camera 7 shooting records, the image of record is presented on the display screen of computing machine 14 in real time.
The parameter of high-speed camera 7 is set by computing machine 14, regulating high-speed camera frame 8 makes the high-speed camera camera lens perpendicular to the combustion cell face, regulate aperture and focal length, make the captured image quality the best of high-speed camera 7, computing machine 14 control high-speed cameras 7 enter best shooting state thereby high-speed camera 7 is set; Point of adjustment firearm steady arm 5 chooses ignition location, regulate igniting shooting controller 9 to obtain the ignition energy of gasoline, computing machine 14 sends firing command, 6 igniting of trigger point firearm, trigger high-speed camera 7 shooting records simultaneously, the image of record is presented on the display screen of computing machine 14 in real time, and behind the gasoline flame propagation dynamic process down to be recorded, operation computing machine 14 makes high-speed camera 7 stop record and preserves captured flame propagation dynamic video and image sequence thereof; The flame propagation dynamic video of high-speed camera 7 record imported to carry out analyzing and processing with the supporting ProAnalyst motion analysis software of high-speed camera can to obtain width be 0.80m, the one way propagation speed of flame front was 2.45m/s when the angle of inclination was 60 °; Using photoshop image processing and analyzing software analyzes the flame propagation bitmap images sequence of high-speed camera 7 records, according to the image sequence order constituency is made in flame diffusion area zone in every two field picture, calculate the area in every two field picture flame diffusion area zone as the rope number by statistics in the constituency then, the conversion of passing ratio chi obtains the area of actual flame spread surface area again, thereby measure flame spread area situation over time, in this embodiment, width is 0.80m, the plane velocity of propagation of the flame spread area of measuring when the angle of inclination is 60 ° is 1.19m
2/ s.
Claims (10)
1. the assay method of a flammable liquid flame propagation velocity is characterized in that: tiling has the porous oil-absorbing material in the combustion cell, and porous oil-absorbing material absorption flammable liquid is to saturated; Regulate the angle of inclination of combustion cell; Lighter, high-speed camera are connected with computing machine, and computing machine sends firing command, trigger high-speed camera shooting record, by computer software analysis of experimental data are handled, and measure flammable liquid flame transmission speed.
2. the assay method of a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with space bar in the described combustion cell, the widthwise edges of space bar contacts with combustion cell is airtight.
3. the assay method of a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high-speed camera camera lens is perpendicular to the combustion cell face.
4. the determinator of a flammable liquid flame propagation velocity is characterized in that: described device mainly is made up of combustion cell, oiling drum, porous oil-absorbing material, lighter, high-speed camera, igniting shooting controller and computing machine.
5. the determinator of a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the rectangular tank that combustion cell seals around being, the bottom surface is smooth, the top opens wide, be provided with space bar in the combustion cell, tiling porous oil-absorbing material in the combustion cell that sets width, combustion cell one side is provided with the variation angle modulation frame that can realize the flammable liquid angle of inclination.
6. the determinator of a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: store flammable liquid in the oiling drum, oiling drum is arranged on the scaoffold, and flammable liquid flow in the combustion cell by filling spout, and porous oil-absorbing material absorption flammable liquid is to saturated.
7. the determinator of a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: lighter is connected with combustion cell by the lighter locating rack, point of adjustment firearm locating rack carries out the selection of ignition location, and lighter links to each other with computing machine by igniting shooting controller.
8. the determinator of a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: high-speed camera is erected on the high-speed camera frame, regulating the high-speed camera frame makes high-speed camera camera lens and combustion cell face keep vertical, high-speed camera links to each other with computing machine by igniting shooting controller, and its shooting time is accurate to the ms level.
9. the determinator of a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: igniting shooting controller major function is the firing command that receiving computer sends, trigger point firearm igniting, trigger high-speed camera opening entry flammable liquid flame dynamic communication process simultaneously, regulate the ignition energy size by igniting shooting controller.
10. according to the determinator of each described a kind of flammable liquid flame propagation velocity of claim 4-9, it is characterized in that: measure the flammable liquid flame propagation velocity thereby utilize computing machine that experimental data is carried out analyzing and processing, the flammable liquid flame propagation velocity of measuring mainly comprises the one way propagation speed of flame front, unit is m/s, and the plane velocity of propagation of flame spread area, unit is m
2/ s.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN104332090A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Large-size combustible inclined combustion characteristic experimenting device |
| CN105675795A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-06-15 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Explosion valve cartridge case gunpowder combustion speed test method and device |
| CN110568217A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-13 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Device and method for testing propagation speed of combustion-detonation wave front |
| CN111157669A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-15 | 广州能源检测研究院 | Method for measuring and evaluating combustion performance of lithium battery electrolyte |
| CN112916072A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆市特种设备检测研究院 | Gas cylinder burning test frame |
| CN113607873A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-05 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Device and experimental method for measuring flame propagation characteristics of flowing liquid surface |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104332090A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Large-size combustible inclined combustion characteristic experimenting device |
| CN104332090B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-08-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Large scale combustible tilts combustion characteristics experimental provision |
| CN105675795A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-06-15 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Explosion valve cartridge case gunpowder combustion speed test method and device |
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| CN111157669A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-15 | 广州能源检测研究院 | Method for measuring and evaluating combustion performance of lithium battery electrolyte |
| CN112916072A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆市特种设备检测研究院 | Gas cylinder burning test frame |
| CN112916072B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆市特种设备检测研究院 | Gas cylinder burning test frame |
| CN113607873A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-05 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Device and experimental method for measuring flame propagation characteristics of flowing liquid surface |
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Application publication date: 20130828 |