CN103266637A - In-situ measurement device and method for end resistance and frictional resistance of skirtboard foundation in penetration process - Google Patents

In-situ measurement device and method for end resistance and frictional resistance of skirtboard foundation in penetration process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103266637A
CN103266637A CN2013102194384A CN201310219438A CN103266637A CN 103266637 A CN103266637 A CN 103266637A CN 2013102194384 A CN2013102194384 A CN 2013102194384A CN 201310219438 A CN201310219438 A CN 201310219438A CN 103266637 A CN103266637 A CN 103266637A
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China
Prior art keywords
skirtboard
resistance
pressure sensor
frictional resistance
brake pad
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CN2013102194384A
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CN103266637B (en
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练继建
陈飞
王海军
王鸿振
赵悦
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Priority to CN201310219438.4A priority patent/CN103266637B/en
Publication of CN103266637A publication Critical patent/CN103266637A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00Testing foundations or foundation structures

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ measurement device and method for end resistance and frictional resistance of a skirtboard foundation in a penetrating process. The in-situ measurement device comprises a skirtboard, a total-penetration resistance measurement device, an end resistance measurement device and a side frictional resistance measurement device. According to the technical scheme, on the basis of the fabricated skirtboard, a friction block, an end and a pressure sensor are arranged, and thus the frictional resistance and the end resistance of the skirtboard foundation are measured directly. According to the technical scheme, the end resistance and the frictional resistance of the skirtboard are measured directly, the fabricated skirtboard structure is adopted, the end resistance and the side frictional resistance are measured separately, the measured data can be recorded continuously and in real time, the measured data can be used directly, and the penetration design and construction of the skirtboard foundation are guided well.

Description

A kind of original position measures the heavy device and method that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of original position measuring equipment, more particularly, particularly relate to a kind of original position and measure the heavy device and method that passes through the suffered end resistance of process and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, belong to ocean, harbour, geotechnical engineering technical field.
Background technology
Immense sea, the mineral resources that not only are richly stored with more have truly inexhaustible, nexhaustible marine energy.Marine energy is varied, comprise tide energy, wave energy, energy by ocean current, thermal gradient energy of sea water, seawater salt error energy, wind energy on the sea etc., these energy are exhausted never, can not cause any pollution yet, be the desirable replacer of fossil energy, therefore the marine energy exploitation more and more is subjected to the attention of countries in the world, but it equally also is faced with many technical problems.Under marine environment, the basis not only bear the superstructure thing vertically beyond heavy load, but also to bear significant horizontal load and the moment of flexure that wave, storm wind etc. cause, cause basic load-bearing off-centre very big, thereby traditional foundation structure pattern has lost advantage and applicability in the ocean structure construction.The skirtboard basis is a kind of base form of suitable offshore structure, has vertical reinforcement plate under its substrate, have resistance to capsizing strong, be applicable to many advantages such as unfavorable foundation, have broad application prospects.
The skirtboard basis is a kind of plate base with skirt, comprises various ways such as wide shallow formula bucket foundation, laying foundation, and smoothly heavy under marine environment complicated and changeable to pass through in place be a very crucial work progress.Domestic and international actual engineering shows why part skirtboard basis fails, and majority is that the sinking resistance estimate is inaccurate because the sinking process goes wrong, and therefore is necessary very much to carry out the research to skirtboard foundation immersion resistance aspect.Skirtboard basis is heavy to be passed through the resistance that process need overcomes and mainly comprises end resistance and frictional resistance, determine that at present the heavy main method of passing through resistance in skirtboard basis is: carry out cone penetration test (CPT) at the scene, with the soil property parameters such as awl point penetration resistance of CPT acquisition, be converted to the heavy resistance that passes through on skirtboard basis by some empirical formulas in the external standard then.Because what CPT adopted is the circular cone probe, it is heavy pass through procedure structure-native mechanism of action and the sheath skirt injection different, and this method is based upon on the basis of foreign project experience, there is not strict theory support, parameter value wide scope in the formula has limited it greatly in China's application in engineering in addition.
Therefore how to determine more exactly that skirtboard foundation immersion resistance is the prerequisite that guarantees its smooth sinking.Because skirtboard basis applicating history at home and abroad is still short at present, engineering experience is still not abundant, lack special standard, rules, so need the appliance arrangement that can original position measures skirtboard basis end resistance and frictional resistance badly, bring the heavy resistance information of passing through accurately for skirtboard Base Design and construction, guarantee skirtboard basis installation in position smoothly.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, at above-mentioned existing problems, provide a kind of and can original position measure the heavy device and method that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, solve the skirtboard basis in heavy measurement problem of passing through side friction suffered in the process and end resistance.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A kind of original position measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, comprises measuring total heavy first pressure sensor, brake pad, skirtboard, second pressure sensor of measurement side friction, first connecting bolt, pedestal floor, the 3rd pressure sensor of measuring end resistance, second connecting bolt, termination, slide block, chute that passes through resistance.
Wherein: described measurement always heavy first pressure sensor that passes through resistance is arranged on the skirtboard top, for example is installed in the installing hole at skirtboard top, treats that device is pressed in the soil body process of ocean by static pressure equipment, measures total static pressure penetrating power.
Embed brake pad in the side of described skirtboard, be provided with slide block between described brake pad and the skirtboard side, the top of described brake pad, being fixedly linked with skirtboard is provided with second pressure sensor of measurement side friction.The contact surface coating lubricating oil of described brake pad and slide block is to reduce the friction between the two.When brake pad is subjected to the frictional resistance of soil, can move up, contact with pressure sensor, the gross pressure of pressure sensor collection is the frictional resistance that brake pad is subjected to.
After the side of described skirtboard embedded brake pad, lateral width was consistent on the whole with skirtboard.Described slide block is selected hemispherical slide block or spherical slide block for use.
End at described skirtboard is fixedlyed connected with the pedestal floor by first connecting bolt, and the below of described pedestal floor is set with the 3rd pressure sensor of measuring end resistance; Described termination links to each other by second connecting bolt with the end of skirtboard, and is arranged on the below of pedestal floor; Described second connecting bolt, one end and termination are fixedly linked, and the other end is arranged on the chute that is arranged in the skirtboard end, and so, second connecting bolt can move up and down at the effect lower edge of termination chute.When device sank, second connecting bolt moved up along chute, and described termination contacts with the 3rd pressure sensor, the 3rd pressure sensor measuring end resistance; When carrying on the device, skirtboard moves up.Described second connecting bolt (bolt 8) is the depressed bolt, to guarantee the level and smooth of skirtboard surface.
The top of described brake pad, and be provided with the gap between second pressure sensor is so that the moving up and down of brake pad;
The below of described brake pad, and be provided with the gap between the pedestal floor is so that the moving up and down of brake pad; The top of described termination, and be provided with the gap between the 3rd pressure sensor is so that the moving up and down of termination.
The described first pressure sensor quantity is chosen as 1-4, is evenly distributed on the top of skirtboard; The described second pressure sensor quantity is selected 2-4, presents even distribution; Described the 3rd pressure sensor quantity is selected 2-4, presents even distribution.
Utilize the said equipment to measure, treat measuring equipment and power-equipment be connected with collecting device finish after, carry out according to following step:
(1) device according to setting speed, at the uniform velocity is pressed in the measurement soil body under the effect of static pressure power-equipment;
(2) in the process of press in, total the injection pressure P that first pressure sensor measures and records is with the change in depth process, owing to remain a constant speed in the sinking process, so measured a certain total penetration resistance R=P in skirtboard basis of degree of depth place then by sensor;
(3) in the process of press in, the termination moves up under the effect of the soil body, come in contact with the 3rd pressure sensor of the measuring end resistance that is installed on pedestal floor downside, pressure N is measured and record by sensor with the change in depth process between the two, then a certain skirtboard basis end resistance R of degree of depth place t=N 1+ N 2+ ...+N n, N wherein nRepresent the pressure that n the 3rd pressure sensor measures;
(4) in the process of press in, brake pad moves up under the effect of the soil body, come in contact with second pressure sensor of the measurement frictional resistance that is installed on skirtboard, pressure F is measured and record by sensor with the change in depth process between the two, then the side frictional resistance f that is subjected to of the inboard brake pad in a certain degree of depth h place h=F 1+ F 2+ ...+F n, F wherein nBe n the pressure that second pressure sensor measures.
If the friction block length is D, highly be l, then frictional resistance q in unit area side can be expressed as:
q=f h/(Dl)
The skirtboard immerge so far during the degree of depth total frictional resistance Q be:
Q = 2 D ∫ 0 h q ( z ) dz
Q(z wherein) be the side frictional resistance of z for the degree of depth.
Compared with prior art, original position of the present invention measures heavy end resistance and the frictional resistance experimental rig of passing through in skirtboard basis, its main feature is to install brake pad, termination and pressure sensor additional on assembling skirtboard basis, realizes directly measuring the function of skirtboard basis frictional resistance and end resistance.Have the following advantages:
(1) this device can directly measure end resistance and the frictional resistance on skirtboard basis, compared to used original position static sounding (CPT) conical probe to measure static point resistance and cone flank resistance earlier in the past, by the method for empirical formula conversion, the measurement of this device has higher reliability and accuracy again;
(2) this device adopts assembling skirtboard structure, end resistance, side friction is measured respectively, and can carry out continuous real time record to metric data, and metric data can directly use, and can instruct the design of skirtboard foundation immersion and construction better;
(3) this apparatus structure novelty is made simply, adopts fabricated construction, can transform flexibly according to skirtboard basis concrete form, is made as various ways such as arc, board-type, is applicable to multiple skirtboard formula bases such as bucket foundation, laying foundation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is skirtboard basis end resistance of the present invention and frictional resistance measuring equipment structural representation (vertical view).
Fig. 2 is skirtboard basis end resistance of the present invention and frictional resistance measuring equipment structural representation (sectional view).
Fig. 3 is in skirtboard basis end resistance of the present invention and the frictional resistance measuring equipment, termination, pedestal floor and chute structural representation (sectional view).
Fig. 4 is in skirtboard basis end resistance of the present invention and the frictional resistance measuring equipment, termination, pedestal floor and chute structural representation (elevation).
Wherein 1-measure total heavy first pressure sensor that passes through resistance; 2-brake pad; 3-skirtboard; Second pressure sensor of 4-measurement side friction; First connecting bolt of 5-connection pedestal floor and skirtboard; 6-pedestal floor; The 3rd pressure sensor of 7-measuring end resistance; Second connecting bolt of 8-connection termination and skirtboard; 9-termination; 10-slide block; 11-chute.
The specific embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1-4, a kind of original position measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, comprise measuring total first pressure sensor 1, brake pad 2, the skirtboard 3 that passes through resistance, second pressure sensor 4, first connecting bolt 5, pedestal floor 6, the 3rd pressure sensor 7 of measuring end resistance, second connecting bolt 8, termination 9, slide block 10, chute 11 that measures side friction of sinking, wherein:
Described measurement always heavy first pressure sensor 1 that passes through resistance is arranged on the skirtboard top, for example is installed in the installing hole at skirtboard top, treats that device is pressed in the soil body process of ocean by static pressure equipment, measures total static pressure penetrating power.
Embed brake pad 2 in the side of described skirtboard 3, be provided with slide block 10 between described brake pad 2 and skirtboard 3 sides, the top of described brake pad 2, being fixedly linked with skirtboard 3 is provided with second pressure sensor 4 of measurement side friction.The contact surface coating lubricating oil of described brake pad 2 and slide block 10 is to reduce the friction between the two.When brake pad 2 is subjected to the frictional resistance of soil, can move up, contact with pressure sensor 4, the gross pressure that pressure sensor 4 is gathered is the frictional resistance that brake pad is subjected to.
After the side of described skirtboard 3 embedded brake pad 2, lateral width was consistent on the whole with skirtboard 3.Described slide block 10 is selected hemispherical slide block or spherical slide block for use.
End at described skirtboard 3 is fixedlyed connected with pedestal floor 6 by first connecting bolt 5, and the below of described pedestal floor 6 is set with the 3rd pressure sensor 7 of measuring end resistance; Described termination 9 links to each other by second connecting bolt 8 with the end of skirtboard 3, and be arranged on the below of pedestal floor 6, described second connecting bolt, 8 one ends and termination 9 are fixedly linked, the other end is arranged on the chute 11 that is arranged in skirtboard 3 ends, so, second connecting bolt 8 can be in the termination 9 effect lower edge chute 11 move up and down.When device sank, second connecting bolt 8 moved up along chute 11, and described termination 9 contacts with the 3rd pressure sensor 7, the 3rd pressure sensor 7 measuring end resistances; When carrying on the device, skirtboard 3 moves up.Described second connecting bolt (bolt 8) is the depressed bolt, to guarantee the level and smooth of skirtboard surface.
The top of described brake pad 2, and be provided with the gap between second pressure sensor 4 is so that the moving up and down of brake pad; The below of described brake pad 2, and be provided with the gap between the pedestal floor 6 is so that the moving up and down of brake pad; The top of described termination 9, and be provided with the gap between the 3rd pressure sensor 7 is so that the moving up and down of termination.
Described first pressure sensor, 1 quantity is chosen as 1-4, is evenly distributed on the top of skirtboard 3; Described second pressure sensor, 4 quantity are selected 2-4, present even distribution; Described the 3rd pressure sensor 7 quantity are selected 2-4, present even distribution.
Utilize the said equipment to measure, treat measuring equipment and power-equipment be connected with collecting device finish after, carry out according to following step:
(1) device according to setting speed, at the uniform velocity is pressed in the measurement soil body under the effect of static pressure power-equipment;
(2) in the process of press in, total the injection pressure P that pressure sensor 1 measures and records remains a constant speed owing in the sinking process with the change in depth process, so measured by sensor, then a certain total penetration resistance R in skirtboard basis of degree of depth place is:
R=P
(3) in the process of press in, termination 9 moves up under the effect of the soil body, with the pressure sensor 7(quantity of the measuring end resistance that is installed on pedestal floor 6 downsides be 2) come in contact, pressure N is measured and record by sensor with the change in depth process between the two, then a certain skirtboard basis end resistance R of degree of depth place tFor:
R t=N 1+N 2
N wherein 1, N 2Represent the pressure that two pressure sensors 7 measure respectively.
(4) in the process of press in, brake pad 2 moves up under the effect of the soil body, with the pressure sensor 4(quantity of the measurement frictional resistance that is installed on skirtboard 3 be 2) come in contact, pressure F is measured and record by sensor with the change in depth process between the two, then the side frictional resistance f that is subjected to of the inboard brake pad in a certain degree of depth h place hFor:
f h=F 1+F 2
F wherein 1, F 2Be respectively the pressure that two pressure sensors 4 measure.
If the friction block length is D, highly be l, then frictional resistance q in unit area side can be expressed as:
q=f h/(Dl)
The skirtboard immerge so far during the degree of depth total frictional resistance Q be:
Q = 2 D ∫ 0 h q ( z ) dz
Q(z wherein) be the side frictional resistance of z for the degree of depth.
More than the present invention has been done exemplary description; should be noted that; under the situation that does not break away from core of the present invention, the replacement that is equal to that any simple distortion, modification or other those skilled in the art can not spend creative work all falls into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. an original position measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that, comprise measuring total heavy first pressure sensor, brake pad, skirtboard, second pressure sensor of measurement side friction, first connecting bolt, pedestal floor, the 3rd pressure sensor of measuring end resistance, second connecting bolt, termination, slide block, chute that passes through resistance, wherein:
Described measurement always heavy first pressure sensor that passes through resistance is arranged on the skirtboard top, treats that device is pressed in the soil body process of ocean by static pressure equipment, measures total static pressure penetrating power;
Embed brake pad in the side of described skirtboard, be provided with slide block between described brake pad and the skirtboard side, the top of described brake pad, being fixedly linked with skirtboard is provided with second pressure sensor of measurement side friction; When brake pad is subjected to the frictional resistance of soil, can move up, contact with pressure sensor, the gross pressure of pressure sensor collection is the frictional resistance that brake pad is subjected to;
End at described skirtboard is fixedlyed connected with the pedestal floor by first connecting bolt, and the below of described pedestal floor is set with the 3rd pressure sensor of measuring end resistance; Described termination links to each other by second connecting bolt with the end of skirtboard, and be arranged on the below of pedestal floor, described second connecting bolt, one end and termination are fixedly linked, the other end is arranged on the chute that is arranged in the skirtboard end, second connecting bolt can move up and down at the effect lower edge of termination chute, and when device sank, second connecting bolt moved up along chute, described termination contacts with the 3rd pressure sensor, the 3rd pressure sensor measuring end resistance; When carrying on the device, skirtboard moves up.
2. a kind of original position according to claim 1 measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that, the described measurement always heavy first pressure sensor setting of passing through resistance is installed in the installing hole at skirtboard top.
3. a kind of original position according to claim 1 measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that the contact surface coating lubricating oil of described brake pad and slide block is to reduce the friction between the two.
4. a kind of original position according to claim 1 measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that, after the side of described skirtboard embedded brake pad, lateral width was consistent on the whole with skirtboard.
5. a kind of original position according to claim 1 measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that described slide block is selected hemispherical slide block or spherical slide block for use.
6. a kind of original position according to claim 1 measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that described second connecting bolt is the depressed bolt, to guarantee the level and smooth of skirtboard surface.
7. a kind of original position according to claim 1 measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that, the top of described brake pad, and be provided with the gap between second pressure sensor is so that the moving up and down of brake pad; The below of described brake pad, and be provided with the gap between the pedestal floor is so that the moving up and down of brake pad; The top of described termination, and be provided with the gap between the 3rd pressure sensor is so that the moving up and down of termination.
8. a kind of original position according to claim 1 measures the heavy device that passes through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that the described first pressure sensor quantity is selected 1-4, is evenly distributed on the top of skirtboard; The described second pressure sensor quantity is selected 2-4, presents even distribution; Described the 3rd pressure sensor quantity is selected 2-4, presents even distribution.
9. the described measuring equipment original position of one of a utilization such as claim 1-8 measures the heavy method of passing through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis, it is characterized in that, treat measuring equipment and power-equipment be connected with collecting device finish after, carry out according to following step:
(1) device according to setting speed, at the uniform velocity is pressed in the measurement soil body under the effect of static pressure power-equipment;
(2) in the process of press in, total the injection pressure P that first pressure sensor measures and records is with the change in depth process, owing to remain a constant speed in the sinking process, so measured a certain total penetration resistance R=P in skirtboard basis of degree of depth place then by sensor
(3) in the process of press in, the termination moves up under the effect of the soil body, come in contact with the 3rd pressure sensor of the measuring end resistance that is installed on pedestal floor downside, pressure N is measured and record by sensor with the change in depth process between the two, then a certain skirtboard basis end resistance R of degree of depth place t=N 1+ N 2+ ...+N n, N wherein nRepresent the pressure that n the 3rd pressure sensor measures.
(4) in the process of press in, brake pad moves up under the effect of the soil body, come in contact with second pressure sensor of the measurement frictional resistance that is installed on skirtboard, pressure F is measured and record by sensor with the change in depth process between the two, then the side frictional resistance f that is subjected to of the inboard brake pad in a certain degree of depth h place h=F 1+ F 2+ ...+F n, F wherein nBe n the pressure that second pressure sensor measures.
If the friction block length is D, highly be l, then frictional resistance q in unit area side can be expressed as:
q=f h/(Dl)
The skirtboard immerge so far during the degree of depth total frictional resistance Q be:
Q(z wherein) be the side frictional resistance of z for the degree of depth.
10. measure the heavy application of device in measuring the total penetration resistance in skirtboard basis, end resistance and side frictional resistance of passing through end resistance and frictional resistance in skirtboard basis as the described a kind of original position of one of claim 1-8.
CN201310219438.4A 2013-06-04 2013-06-04 In-situ measurement device and method for end resistance and frictional resistance of skirtboard foundation in penetration process Active CN103266637B (en)

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CN201510096009.1A CN104831761B (en) 2013-06-04 2013-06-04 Method for measuring apron board foundation suction penetration end resistance and frictional resistance in situ
CN201310219438.4A CN103266637B (en) 2013-06-04 2013-06-04 In-situ measurement device and method for end resistance and frictional resistance of skirtboard foundation in penetration process

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