CN103261599B - 用于内燃机的气体冷却器本身或与之有关的改进 - Google Patents

用于内燃机的气体冷却器本身或与之有关的改进 Download PDF

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CN103261599B
CN103261599B CN201180059765.7A CN201180059765A CN103261599B CN 103261599 B CN103261599 B CN 103261599B CN 201180059765 A CN201180059765 A CN 201180059765A CN 103261599 B CN103261599 B CN 103261599B
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gaseous effluent
cooler
housing
root
cooler tube
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CN103261599A (zh
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M·德克尔
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
    • F01N3/043Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D7/1692Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于内燃机的废气冷却器,使得这样的废气冷却器在可靠性和耐用性上得到提高。所述冷却器包括壳体(1),该壳体包括顶壁(2)、底壁(3)和从第一端向第二端纵向延伸以限定中空空间的第一侧壁和第二侧壁(4,5)。其中,多根冷却器管(10’)在所述壳体(1)内纵向延伸并从朝着所述底壁(3)向朝着所述顶壁(2)成列安置。其中,每根冷却器管(10’)的平面相对于所述壳体(1)的第一侧壁和第二侧壁是倾斜的。

Description

用于内燃机的气体冷却器本身或与之有关的改进
技术领域
本发明涉及用于内燃机的废气冷却器本身或与之有关的改进。
背景技术
废气再循环(EGR)是用于内燃发动机(汽油或柴油)的已知技术,其中,发动机的一部分废气被再循环回发动机气缸。EGR可以被用来减少包括NO和NO2的氮氧化物的排放。在气体返回发动机气缸之前,操作EGR系统对热废气进行冷却是令人期望的。为了获此目的,已知的是使用EGR冷却器,其中,废气通过冷却器,其中气体被传送经过冷却器管,冷却器管与诸如水的冷却介质热传导接触。
已知将冷却器管竖直安装于EGR冷却器壳体内。壳体内的冷却器管竖直取向并排列成两排,上排包括四根管,下排包括三根管。
本申请人发现,已知的几何形状会发生较高的失效率,尤其由于在冷却器管与横向挡板之间的接合点处产生的高应力。尤其是,在冷却器管安装点之间的接合点处的挡板中的应力集中会导致过早失效。
发明内容
根据本发明提供一种废气冷却器,包括:
壳体,该壳体包括顶壁、底壁及从第一端向第二端纵向延伸以限定中空空间的第一侧壁和第二侧壁;
多根冷却器管,其在所述壳体内纵向延伸并从朝着底壁到朝着顶壁成列地安置,其中,每根冷却器管的平面相对于壳体的第一侧壁和第二侧壁是倾斜的。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的废气冷却器连接有附加管道的立体图;
图2是图1的废气冷却器的冷却器管的示意图,为清楚而省略其它零件;
图3是根据本发明的废气冷却器的立体图;
图4是图3的废气冷却器移除了端盖的立体图;
图5是图3的废气冷却器的挡板的示意图;
图6是根据本发明的另一挡板的示意图;和
图7是图3的废气冷却器的局部的横断面图;
具体实施方式
图1至4显示了根据本发明的废气冷却器,其包括具有顶壁2、底壁3、第一侧壁4和第二侧壁5的壳体1。如图4最佳显示,所述侧壁4、5是基本竖直的(在如图所示的冷却器的取向中-当然会依据废气冷却器自身的取向而改变),并相互平行。顶壁2和底壁3可互相平行,并可相对于侧壁4、5成45°的角度。因此,壳体1的横截面可采取大体呈长斜方形的形状。
壳体1可包括主罩壳11和位于一端的端盖12。端盖12可通过螺栓15与主罩壳的所述端紧固。
壳体1被提供有废气入口20、废气出口22、冷却剂入口23和冷却剂出口21。在应用中,辅助管道可被用来连接入口和出口至内燃机。图1显示了附接有辅助管道的冷却器的外部立体图。气体入口管道20a可以连接于废气入口20。气体出口管道22a连接于废气出口22。冷却剂入口管道23a可以连接于冷却剂入口23。冷却剂出口管道21a可以连接于冷却剂出口21。
冷却剂入口23和冷却剂出口21可与主罩壳11内的中空空间相连通。
在一个实施例中,七根冷却器管10’被定位于壳体1内,如图4显示最佳,此处可以看到冷却器管10’的端部通过第一挡板30中的孔洞10突出。冷却器管10’可以通过焊接安装到第一挡板30上。冷却器管10’可沿着壳体1的纵向轴线延伸到第二端。一个或多个中间挡板沿着冷却器管的纵向长度设置,用来提供结构支撑。还可在第二端提供另外的挡板。
图5显示了第一挡板30,第一挡板30的局部以横断面显示在图7中。挡板30可包括其上有多个孔洞10的挡板片31、加强件32、外垫片33和内垫片34。在组装时,第一挡板30可被安置在主罩壳11的第一端与端盖12之间,把挡板片31和加强件32夹在垫片33、34之间。
冷却器管10’被焊接到挡板30上以便通过孔洞10,如图7所示。因此,当装配好时,冷却器管10’的内部与端盖12的内部流体连通,端盖12的内部依次与废气入口20流体连通,因为冷却器管10’的端部是开放的。类似地,在第二端,废气出口22与冷却器管10’借助壳体端13的内部流体相连通。
冷却剂入口23和出口21可连接到位于主罩壳11内的中空空间,冷却器管10’延伸通过该中空空间。
因此,在应用中,热废气可从废气入口20经过冷却器管10’到废气出口22的途径吹送通过冷却器,并同时通过将冷却剂流体(典型者如水)从冷却剂入口23到冷却剂出口21地泵送经过冷却器而冷却。
根据本发明,如图2所示,每根冷却器管10’都可具有大体平的平坦面或是板样的形状,并在纵向方向上是细长的,也具有与冷却器管10’的宽度相比相对较薄的横断面。管10’的纵向边缘是圆化的。冷却器管10’可以是中空的,或是可包含有网状物、散热片或类似结构的布置以构成通过管10’的弯曲的流体路径,用来增加管的有效表面面积,以改善废气和冷却剂流体之间的热传导。
每根冷却器管10’的平面可以相对于侧壁4、5以30°至80°的角θ倾斜。在图5的实例中,倾斜角θ是45°。因此,每根管10’的纵向边缘相互间并不齐平。另外,如前所述,顶壁2和底壁3相对于侧壁4、5是倾斜的或是成角度的,因此主罩壳11的横断面形状大体是长斜方形的。此外,冷却器管10’的角化会使得冷却器管10’沿着它们的长度平行于顶壁2和底壁3延伸。例如在图2和图4中可以看到这种倾斜。
图6显示了用于根据本发明所述的废气冷却器的修改设计的挡板30,其中,容纳冷却器管的孔洞10的角θ是50°(应该理解,冷却器管也因此将以50°的角度放置)。再有,顶壁2和底壁3也倾斜50°角,以使它们能与冷却器管平行延伸。
冷却器管10’可在壳体1中等间隔地被布置在单个列中。
已发现,根据本发明所示的方式来安置冷却器管10’将带来具有较低峰值vonMises(等效)应力的显著降低的应力模式。
工业实用性
本发明发现了用于内燃机废气冷却器中的应用,使得这样的废气冷却器的可靠性和耐用性提高。
附图标记
1壳体
2顶壁
3底壁
4第一侧壁
5第二侧壁
10孔洞
10’冷却器管
11主罩壳
12端盖
13壳体端
15螺栓
20废气入口
20a气体入口管道
21冷却剂出口
21a冷却剂出口管道
22废气出口
22a气体出口管道
23冷却剂入口
23a冷却剂入口管道
30第一挡板
31挡板片
32加强件
33外垫片
34内垫片
θ冷却器管倾斜角

Claims (12)

1.一种废气冷却器,包括:
壳体(1),其包括顶壁(2)、底壁(3)和从第一端向第二端纵向延伸以限定中空空间的第一侧壁(4)和第二侧壁(5);
多根冷却器管(10’),其在所述壳体(1)内纵向延伸并从朝着所述底壁(3)到朝着所述顶壁(2)被成列地安置,其中,每根冷却器管(10’)的平面相对于所述壳体(1)的第一侧壁和第二侧壁是倾斜的,
其中,每根冷却器管(10’)的平面平行于所述顶壁(2)的平面和/或所述底壁(3)的平面。
2.如权利要求1所述的废气冷却器,其中,每根冷却器管(10’)是大体平坦的。
3.如权利要求1所述的废气冷却器,其中,每根冷却器管(10’)包括第一纵向边缘、第二纵向边缘和细长的横断面。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,其中,每根冷却器管(10’)的平面是相互平行的。
5.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,其中,所述壳体(1)还包括:
i)废气入口(20),其位于或靠近所述壳体(1)的第一端,以及废气出口(22),其位于或靠近所述壳体(1)的第二端;所述废气入口(20)和所述废气出口(22)与所述多根冷却器管(10’)流体相连通;
ii)冷却剂出口(21),其位于或靠近所述壳体(1)的第一端,以及冷却剂入口(23),其位于或靠近所述壳体的第二端;所述冷却剂出口(21)和所述冷却剂入口(23)与所述中空空间流体相连通。
6.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,其中,所述多根冷却器管(10’)在所述中空空间内平行于所述壳体(1)的纵向轴线纵向延伸。
7.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,其中,所述多根冷却器管(10’)被安置成单个列。
8.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,其中,所述多根冷却器管(10’)每根从所述第一侧壁(4)处或附近向所述第二侧壁(5)处或附近横向延伸。
9.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,包括七根冷却器管(10’)。
10.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,其中,所述顶壁(2)、所述底壁(3)和所述第一侧壁(4)和第二侧壁(5)限定了所述壳体(1)的长斜方形的横断面形状。
11.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的废气冷却器,还包括与所述多根冷却器管(10’)呈横向安置的一个或多个挡板(30)。
12.如权利要求11所述的废气冷却器,其中,所述的一个或多个挡板(30)包括挡板片(31)、一个或多个加强件(32)和一个或多个垫片(33,34)。
CN201180059765.7A 2010-12-10 2011-11-16 用于内燃机的气体冷却器本身或与之有关的改进 Expired - Fee Related CN103261599B (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10194603.6A EP2463490B1 (en) 2010-12-10 2010-12-10 Improvements in or relating to gas coolers for internal combustion engines
EP10194603.6 2010-12-10
PCT/EP2011/070262 WO2012076307A1 (en) 2010-12-10 2011-11-16 Improvements in or relating to gas coolers for internal combustion engines

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CN103261599B true CN103261599B (zh) 2015-12-16

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CN103261599A (zh) 2013-08-21
US20130340980A1 (en) 2013-12-26

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