CN103255704A - Steel damper anti-collision and anti-girder-dropping device - Google Patents
Steel damper anti-collision and anti-girder-dropping device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种发明的钢阻尼防碰撞防落梁装置,包括圆筒和固定设置在圆筒两端的左盖板和右盖板;圆筒内设置阻尼系统,阻尼系统的一端固定连接在右盖板上,另一端固定连接滑动连杆,滑动连杆的自由端穿过左盖板并延伸至圆筒外,滑动连杆上位于左盖板的两侧设置外限位挡板和内限位挡板;所述右盖板外侧固定设置固定连杆。由于采用阻尼器进行吸能,从而大大提高了桥梁整体的稳定性,有效减小了地震等的破坏性,防撞防落效果十分理想。而且结构简单,制造容易,而且相邻部件之间的“节点”较少,有利于进一步提高防撞防落装置的整体强度。
The invention discloses an inventive steel damping anti-collision and anti-falling beam device, which comprises a cylinder and a left cover plate and a right cover plate fixedly arranged at both ends of the cylinder; a damping system is arranged in the cylinder, and one end of the damping system is fixedly connected to the On the right cover, the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding link. The free end of the sliding link passes through the left cover and extends to the outside of the cylinder. The outer limit baffle and the inner stop are set on the sliding link on both sides of the left cover. A limit baffle; a fixed connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the outside of the right cover. Due to the use of dampers for energy absorption, the overall stability of the bridge is greatly improved, the destructiveness of earthquakes is effectively reduced, and the effect of anti-collision and anti-fall is very ideal. Moreover, the structure is simple, the manufacture is easy, and there are fewer "nodes" between adjacent parts, which is beneficial to further improving the overall strength of the anti-collision and anti-fall device.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及桥梁抗震装置,特别涉及一种采用阻尼元件以防止桥梁碰撞或脱落的装置。The invention relates to a bridge anti-seismic device, in particular to a device using damping elements to prevent the bridge from colliding or falling off.
背景技术Background technique
从历次震害可以看出,桥梁结构发生频次最高的破坏形式为落梁破坏及碰撞破坏。落梁破坏是指桥梁的上部结构与支承其的下部结构脱离,即主梁从桥墩或桥台处脱离,造成主梁悬空、折断,或坠落的现象。碰撞破坏是指相邻联之间的桥梁上部结构,即主梁之间的空隙被完全压缩,发生相互碰撞,造成主梁端部碎裂的现象。产生落梁破坏的原因在于桥梁的上部结构与下部结构间的支承长度较小,不足以应对上部结构过大的地震位移。然而如果根据地震分析结果设置支承长度,往往会造成下部结构尺寸过大,经济性差。产生碰撞破坏的原因在于相邻联之间的桥梁上部结构运动的不同步性。运动的不同步性几乎是不可避免的,这是因为相邻两联桥的动力特性总会存在差异,在地震作用下的运动模式也不尽相同。在桥梁抗震领域,对于防落梁装置的研究较多,但大都限于刚性构件,如钢绞线拉索或钢性链条。刚性构件发挥作用时,结构受力陡然增大,会造成连接部位发生局部破坏,进而造成防落梁装置失效。对于防碰撞装置的研究大都限于主梁与横向限位挡块之间的碰撞,较少涉及相邻联主梁之间的碰撞。It can be seen from the previous earthquake damages that the most frequent damage forms of bridge structures are falling beam damage and collision damage. Falling beam damage refers to the separation of the upper structure of the bridge from the supporting lower structure, that is, the main girder is separated from the pier or abutment, causing the main girder to hang, break, or fall. Collision damage refers to the phenomenon that the upper structure of the bridge between adjacent links, that is, the gap between the main girders is completely compressed, and collides with each other, causing the ends of the main girders to crack. The reason for the falling beam failure is that the supporting length between the superstructure and the substructure of the bridge is too small to cope with the excessive seismic displacement of the superstructure. However, if the support length is set according to the seismic analysis results, the size of the substructure will often be too large and the economy will be poor. The reason for the collision damage lies in the asynchrony of the movement of the bridge superstructure between adjacent links. The asynchrony of motion is almost inevitable, because there will always be differences in the dynamic characteristics of two adjacent bridges, and the motion patterns under the action of earthquakes are also different. In the field of anti-seismic bridges, there are many studies on anti-fall beam devices, but most of them are limited to rigid components, such as steel strand cables or steel chains. When the rigid components play a role, the force on the structure increases suddenly, which will cause local damage to the connection parts, and then cause the failure of the anti-fall beam device. The research on anti-collision devices is mostly limited to the collision between the main girder and the transverse limit stopper, and rarely involves the collision between adjacent main girders.
针对上述不足,专利申请号为201210438108.X的多阶段防落梁防碰撞装置试图解决上述技术问题,其作用原理是通过弹簧的缓冲作用以减缓和限制桥梁构建的相对位移,以克服采用刚性连接构建造成的连接部位发生局部破坏的问题。但是,通过模拟实验与结果分析证明,该结构仍然存在以下不足:第一,采用弹簧以发挥碰撞或拉伸时的缓冲减震作用,因其为弹性变形,而非塑性变形,其稳定性差,防撞防落效果不够理想,容易造成桥梁的二次破坏,原因在于采用弹簧只是改变了能量的形式(由碰撞产生的动能转换为弹簧的弹性势能),而没有起到吸能、耗能甚至消能的作用。第二,采用多级滑动限位系统,结构复杂,制作成本较低。第三,拉伸时靠弹簧变形和钢绞线进行限位,压缩时仅靠弹簧变形将能量转化为弹簧的弹性势能,并没有形成滞回耗能作用,相对于巨大的桥梁结构运动能量相比,转化的能量非常有限。In view of the above deficiencies, the patent application number is 201210438108.X. The multi-stage anti-falling beam anti-collision device tries to solve the above technical problems. Its working principle is to slow down and limit the relative displacement of the bridge construction through the buffering effect of the spring, so as to overcome the rigid connection. The problem of localized damage to the connection part caused by the construction. However, through simulation experiments and results analysis, it is proved that the structure still has the following deficiencies: First, the spring is used to play the role of buffering and shock absorption during collision or stretching. Because it is elastic deformation rather than plastic deformation, its stability is poor. The effect of anti-collision and anti-drop is not ideal, and it is easy to cause secondary damage to the bridge. The reason is that the use of springs only changes the form of energy (the kinetic energy generated by the collision is converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring), but does not play the role of energy absorption, energy consumption or even The role of energy dissipation. Second, the multi-stage sliding limit system is adopted, the structure is complicated, and the manufacturing cost is relatively low. Third, when stretching, the spring deformation and steel strands are used to limit the position. When compressing, the energy is converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring only by the spring deformation, and there is no hysteretic energy consumption effect. Compared with the huge bridge structure, the movement energy is relatively large. The conversion energy is very limited.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种钢阻尼防碰撞防落梁装置,采用阻尼部件以消耗和吸收桥梁撞击能量,提高防撞放落效果和稳定性,避免发生二次破坏。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a steel damping anti-collision and anti-fall beam device, which uses damping components to consume and absorb bridge impact energy, improves the anti-collision effect and stability, and avoids secondary damage.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术手段实现的:一种钢阻尼防碰撞防落梁装置,包括圆筒和固定设置在圆筒两端的左盖板和右盖板;圆筒内设置阻尼系统,阻尼系统的一端固定连接在右盖板上,另一端固定连接滑动连杆,滑动连杆的自由端穿过左盖板并延伸至圆筒外,滑动连杆上位于左盖板的两侧设置外限位挡板和内限位挡板;所述右盖板外侧固定连接固定连杆。The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means: a steel damping anti-collision and anti-drop beam device, including a cylinder and a left cover plate and a right cover plate fixedly arranged at both ends of the cylinder; a damping system is arranged in the cylinder, and the damping One end of the system is fixedly connected to the right cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding link. The free end of the sliding link passes through the left cover and extends out of the cylinder. The sliding link is located on both sides of the left cover. A limit baffle and an inner limit baffle; the outer side of the right cover is fixedly connected with a fixed link.
进一步,所述阻尼系统由阻尼器构成;所述阻尼器包括外圈、内圈和均匀设置在外圈和内圈之间的支撑肋。Further, the damping system is composed of a damper; the damper includes an outer ring, an inner ring and support ribs evenly arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring.
进一步,所述支撑肋为圆弧形,弧度为π/3—π。Further, the supporting ribs are arc-shaped with a radian of π/3-π.
进一步,所述阻尼器外圈的半径R为5—25cm,内圈的半径r为2—15cm;外圈和内圈的径向厚度t均为0.4—2cm;阻尼器的厚度d为2—30cm。Further, the radius R of the outer ring of the damper is 5-25cm, the radius r of the inner ring is 2-15cm; the radial thickness t of the outer ring and the inner ring are both 0.4-2cm; the thickness d of the damper is 2-2cm 30cm.
进一步,所述阻尼系统由多个阻尼器串联而成,相邻两个阻尼器所在的平面相互垂直。Further, the damping system is composed of a plurality of dampers connected in series, and the planes where two adjacent dampers are located are perpendicular to each other.
进一步,所述外圈、内圈和支撑肋均由阻尼比为0.03—0.05的阻尼材料制成。Further, the outer ring, the inner ring and the supporting ribs are all made of damping materials with a damping ratio of 0.03-0.05.
进一步,所述阻尼材料采用Q235钢、铬钼合金钢或2Cr13不锈钢。Further, the damping material is Q235 steel, chrome-molybdenum alloy steel or 2Cr13 stainless steel.
进一步,所述外圈的外侧对称设置两受力面。Further, two force-receiving surfaces are arranged symmetrically on the outer side of the outer ring.
进一步,所述滑动连杆和固定连杆的自由端均连接有安装支座。Further, the free ends of the sliding link and the fixed link are connected with installation supports.
本发明的有益效果:本发明的钢阻尼防碰撞防落梁装置,包括圆筒和固定设置在圆筒两端的左盖板和右盖板;圆筒内设置阻尼系统,阻尼系统的一端固定连接在右盖板上,另一端固定连接滑动连杆,滑动连杆的自由端穿过左盖板并延伸至圆筒外,滑动连杆上位于左盖板的两侧设置外限位挡板和内限位挡板;所述右盖板外侧固定设置固定连杆。与现有采用弹簧等弹性放落防碰撞装置相比,有益效果有:Beneficial effects of the present invention: the steel damping anti-collision and anti-drop beam device of the present invention includes a cylinder and a left cover plate and a right cover plate fixedly arranged at both ends of the cylinder; a damping system is arranged in the cylinder, and one end of the damping system is fixedly connected On the right cover, the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding link, the free end of the sliding link passes through the left cover and extends to the outside of the cylinder, and the sliding link is provided with outer limit baffles and An inner limit baffle; a fixed connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the right cover. Compared with the existing anti-collision device adopting springs and other elastic falling, the beneficial effects are as follows:
第一,本发明的工作原理为:通过安装支座将其固定在两桥梁之间,当两桥梁发生相对位移时,首先通过滑动连杆和固定连杆将力传递作用在阻尼系统上,阻尼系统通过被压缩或拉伸发挥阻尼作用,在有效限制位移继续发生的同时,阻尼系统消耗和吸收大量能量,减小甚至消除阻尼系统对桥梁的反作用力,使桥梁不再受力而静止,从而大大提高了桥梁整体的稳定性,有效减小了地震等的破坏性,防撞防落效果十分理想。First, the working principle of the present invention is: fix it between the two bridges by installing the support, when the relative displacement of the two bridges occurs, firstly, the force transmission acts on the damping system through the sliding link and the fixed link, and the damping The system plays a damping role by being compressed or stretched. While effectively limiting the continued occurrence of displacement, the damping system consumes and absorbs a large amount of energy, reducing or even eliminating the reaction force of the damping system on the bridge, so that the bridge is no longer under force and remains static, thus The overall stability of the bridge is greatly improved, the destructiveness of earthquakes is effectively reduced, and the effect of anti-collision and anti-fall is very ideal.
第二,现有专利申请号为201210438108.X的多阶段防落梁防碰撞装置,在桥梁之间发生较小的位移时,其内的弹簧甚至限位挡块均不会发生有效作用,桥梁之间可发生一定距离的位移,当弹簧和限位挡块真是发生效果后,桥梁之间实际上已经产生了较大的位移,严重影响了防撞防落效果;而本发明的防碰撞防落装置,使用时通过安装支座将其牢牢固定在两桥梁之间,当桥梁之间发生相对位移时,其可立即发生相反方向的作用,限制桥梁位移的继续发生,当桥梁被实际限制位移后,桥梁所发生的位移量与前者相比大大减小,防撞防落效果十分明显。Second, the existing patent application number is 201210438108.X multi-stage anti-falling beam anti-collision device, when a small displacement occurs between the bridges, the springs and even the limit stops will not be effective, the bridge Displacement of a certain distance can occur between the bridges. When the spring and the limit stop really have an effect, a large displacement has actually occurred between the bridges, which seriously affects the anti-collision and anti-drop effect; and the anti-collision and anti-fall The falling device is firmly fixed between the two bridges by installing the support. When the relative displacement occurs between the bridges, it can immediately act in the opposite direction to limit the continued occurrence of bridge displacement. When the bridge is actually restricted After the displacement, the displacement of the bridge is greatly reduced compared with the former, and the anti-collision and anti-fall effect is very obvious.
第三,与现有专利申请号为201210438108.X的多阶段防落梁防碰撞装置相比,结构简单,制造容易,而且相邻部件之间的“节点”较少,有利于进一步提高防撞防落装置的整体强度。Third, compared with the existing multi-stage anti-falling beam anti-collision device with patent application No. 201210438108.X, the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, and there are fewer "nodes" between adjacent parts, which is conducive to further improving the anti-collision The overall strength of the fall arrest device.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1为本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为图1中的A—A向剖视图;Fig. 2 is A-A to sectional view among Fig. 1;
图3为本发明中阻尼器的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the damper in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下将结合附图对本发明进行详细说明,如图所示:本实施例的钢阻尼防碰撞防落梁装置,包括圆筒6和固定设置在圆筒两端的左盖板3和右盖板8;圆筒内设置阻尼系统7,阻尼系统的一端固定连接在右盖板8上,另一端固定连接滑动连杆4,滑动连杆的自由端穿过左盖板3并延伸至圆筒外,滑动连杆4上位于左盖板3的两侧设置外限位挡板2和内限位挡板5;所述右盖板外侧固定连接固定连杆9。其中,所述阻尼系统由阻尼器构成;所述阻尼器包括外圈7a、内圈7d和均匀设置在外圈和内圈之间的支撑肋7b,所述外圈、内圈和支撑肋均由阻尼材料制成;通过理论分析结合试验反复验证,本发明优选采用阻尼比为0.03—0.05的阻尼材料,能够最大限度的发挥阻尼吸能作用;具体可采用Q235钢、铬钼合金钢或2Cr13不锈钢,可通过市场购买而得。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, as shown in the figure: the steel damping anti-collision and anti-drop beam device of the present embodiment includes a
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,所述阻尼器外圈7a的半径R为5—25cm,具体取R=8cm;内圈7d的半径r为2—15cm;具体取r=7cm;外圈和内圈的径向厚度t均为0.4—2cm,具体取t=1cm;阻尼器的厚度d为2—30cm;具体取d=6cm。所述支撑肋7b为圆弧形,弧度rad为π/3—π,具体取rad=0.5π。通过建立模型分析和反复实验验证,优选出R、r、t、d和rad等参数,吸能效果非常理想,综合性能优越,合适选择安装数量可适用于现有各种型号的桥梁。As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the radius R of the
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,所述阻尼系统由多个阻尼器串联而成,相邻两个阻尼器所在的平面相互垂直。垂直布置更加有利于装置受力的稳定性,不易发生面外变形,更有利于发挥钢阻尼元件的滞回耗能作用。As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the damping system is composed of a plurality of dampers connected in series, and the planes where two adjacent dampers are located are perpendicular to each other. The vertical arrangement is more conducive to the stability of the device under force, less prone to out-of-plane deformation, and more conducive to exerting the hysteretic energy dissipation effect of the steel damping element.
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,所述外圈7a的外侧对称设置两受力面7c。设置受力面使阻尼器在受到撞击时是面受力,而不是点受力,受力均衡。As a further improvement of the above technical solution, two force-receiving
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进,所述滑动连杆4和固定连杆9的自由端均连接有安装支座1。便于固定,安装简单,使用方便。As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the free ends of the sliding
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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Cited By (7)
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CN106049253A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-26 | 清华大学 | Longitudinal connecting structure for preventing reinforced concrete simply-supported beam bridge from falling and construction method of longitudinal connecting structure |
CN106351114A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-01-25 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Multi-level anti-seismic device capable of preventing bridge from colliding and falling |
CN106639469A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Phased yield type mild steel damper |
CN106835945A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-13 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Girder falling buffer system in girder falling buffer unit and method, overhead rail |
CN107338721A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-10 | 长沙市市政工程有限责任公司 | Steel damps anti-fall girder apparatus |
CN108978445A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-11 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Energy dissipating Self-resetting bridge shockproof structure |
CN112523070A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆交通大学 | Public road bridge roof beam stop device that falls is prevented to bridge |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106049253A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-26 | 清华大学 | Longitudinal connecting structure for preventing reinforced concrete simply-supported beam bridge from falling and construction method of longitudinal connecting structure |
CN106351114A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-01-25 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Multi-level anti-seismic device capable of preventing bridge from colliding and falling |
CN106639469A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Phased yield type mild steel damper |
CN106639469B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2022-01-18 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Staged yield type mild steel damper |
CN106835945A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-13 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Girder falling buffer system in girder falling buffer unit and method, overhead rail |
CN106835945B (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-10-02 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Girder falling buffer system in girder falling buffer unit and method, overhead rail |
CN107338721A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-10 | 长沙市市政工程有限责任公司 | Steel damps anti-fall girder apparatus |
CN108978445A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-11 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Energy dissipating Self-resetting bridge shockproof structure |
CN112523070A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆交通大学 | Public road bridge roof beam stop device that falls is prevented to bridge |
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