CN103255609B - Pretreatment method of cotton fabric - Google Patents
Pretreatment method of cotton fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN103255609B CN103255609B CN201310226673.4A CN201310226673A CN103255609B CN 103255609 B CN103255609 B CN 103255609B CN 201310226673 A CN201310226673 A CN 201310226673A CN 103255609 B CN103255609 B CN 103255609B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of cotton fabric, and belongs to textile printing and dyeing pretreatment process technology. According to the method provided by the invention, the cotton fabric is subjected to the pretreatment by a solution which is prepared by mixing an alcohol organic solvent in high proportion, a little water, and a desizing agent/a refining agent/bleaching agent, and therefore, the problems of high water consumption, difficult recycling and heavy pollution in traditional cotton fabric pretreatment are changed. In the pretreatment process of the cotton fabric, not only are water consumption and reagent dose are largely and effectively reduced, but also the pretreatment effect of the cotton fabric can be improved; the alcohol organic solvent on the surface of the cotton fabric treated by the method provided by the invention can be rapidly volatilized in a drying process, drying time is shortened, and energy is saved; the alcohol organic solvent used by the method provided by the invention is safe, nontoxic, and can be recycled; and the pretreatment method is mature in recycling process, low in cost, clean and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of cotton fabric pretreatment, belong to textile printing and dyeing pre-treatment process technology.
Background technology
The material of cotton fabric forms primarily of cotton fiber, and these contain the natural impurity such as pectin, wax, in the cuticula that these natural impuritys are mainly present in cotton fiber and primary cell wall without the cotton fiber in the grey cloth of dyeing and finishing processing.Add the finish on fiber, the slurry on warp thread and dirt etc.The existence of these impurity, not only make fabric color turn to be yellow, feel is coarse, and water imbibition is very poor.For this reason, the first step of cotton fabric finishing processing carries out pre-treatment to it, and the quality of quality to finished product of pre-treatment plays critical effect.Particularly today of increasing market demand high-quality textiles, the technology of pre-treatment processing is had higher requirement.In pre-treatment, what play an important role is destarch, refining and bleaching, and its main purpose removes various impurity exactly, improves whiteness and the water imbibition of fabric, to meet the needs of follow-up dyeing and finishing processing.
But the destarch of traditional cotton fabric, refining and bleaching belong to wet process processing, need heating, use chemical assistant and impose mechanical tension, operation is tediously long, consumes a large amount of water and the energy, and produces a large amount of waste water, waste gas, contaminated environment.In its waste water, not only alkalescence is strong, colourity is dark, COD value is high, and containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) slurry in water, biochemical (BOD/COD) is very poor.Once these waste water enter rivers, will be all extremely serious destruction to whole water source and even environment.Moreover because the water resource of China is very limited, most area all belongs to few water even situation of lack of water, so a large amount of waste water resource will jeopardize the sustainable development of China's economy.For this reason, at present in whole industry, using water wisely and waste water treatment have been the task of top priority, and are a great problems that China's protection of the environment is badly in need of solving.
At present, in pretreating technology for printing and dyeing technical field, along with the continuous progress of science and technology, some environmental protection and water-saving pretreatment technology arise at the historic moment.
Open magazine " printing and dyeing ", at 2006 publication date, the 21st phase name was called the impact that have studied low temperature plasma treatment on alkali desizing of cotton fabric in " impact of low temperature plasma treatment on alkali desizing of cotton fabric ", although use Low Temperature Plasma Treating textiles, make pulp surface form pit and crackle, really play the effect being beneficial to alkali lye and infiltrating and improve destarch effect.But its weak point is that this technology can only just can obtain at low pressure
; and needing the vacuum (-tight) housing reactor of vacuum system and strict sealing, complex technical process, energy consumption are large, cost is high, valuable product, and these all make it be difficult to realize industrialization; and this technology does not fundamentally solve the problem that in pretreatment process, water consumption is large.
Open magazine " Jiangsu silk ", the 5th phase name was called in " application of anhydrous starching, destarch and dyeing---supercritical fluid in textile industry " and refer to the method for with supercritical carbon dioxide, fabric being carried out to pre-treatment at 2008 publication date, although the method has the effect of removing slurry and pectin etc. and reducing sewage and energy consumption really.But its weak point be for supercritical carbon dioxide pre-treatment equipment costly, drop into comparatively large, and cost recovery is also high.
Open magazine " Shandong Textile science and technology ", at 2005 publication date, the 4th phase name was called a kind of method that refer to ultrasonic wave desizing in " application of ultrasonic wave in desizing ", although it serves the effective and water-saving effect of destarch really.But its weak point is the method exists the problems such as noise is large.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN102912617A, on February 6 2013 Shen Qing Publication date, the name of innovation and creation is called a kind of pre-treating method of fabric printing, and this application case discloses a kind of plasma carries out pre-treatment method to fabric.Although what it adopted first really can improve wool effect of the fabric by the method that Cement Composite Treated by Plasma COTTON FABRIC carries out destarch and bleaching to it again and reduce the effect of energy consumption, but, its weak point be the method need first to use Cement Composite Treated by Plasma COTTON FABRIC again with enzyme to its destarch, technique is comparatively complicated and cost is higher.
China Patent Publication No. CN1594713A, on March 16 2005 publication date, the name of innovation and creation is called that the anhydrous atmospheric plasma method of refining for dyeing preparation of piece goods pre-treatment, this application case disclose one and use isoionic method under anhydrous atmospheric pressure state.Although the atmospheric plasma refining techniques that it adopts, eliminate the pressure regulating equipment in Low Temperature Plasma Treating technology and water-tight equipment, reduce cost to a certain extent and saved with water, but its weak point is that this technology still exists that cost is high, complex process and the large problem of industrialization difficulty.
China Patent Publication No. CN1528973A, on October 2 2003 publication date, the name of innovation and creation is called the continuous destarch of a kind of all cotton woven fabric biology enzyme, refining One-step pretreatment technique, and this application case discloses a kind of method that biology enzyme carries out pre-treatment.Although which employs biology enzyme to carry out destarch and refining to fabric, really serve the effect that pre-treatment effect is good, alleviate sewage disposal burden.But its weak point is that this biology enzyme carries out the technology of pre-treatment to fabric or large water gaging will be used as solvent, fundamentally do not solve the large problem of water consumption, and also there is the high problem of cost in biological enzyme technology.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, in order to solve the large and with serious pollution problem of water consumption in cotton fabric pretreatment process, a kind of solution adopting alcohol organic solvent and a small amount of water and desizing agent at high proportion or refining agent or bleaching agent to mix is the object of the present invention is to provide cotton fabric to be carried out to the method for pre-treatment.
To achieve these goals, technical solution of the present invention is:
A method for cotton fabric pretreatment, comprises the destarch in cotton fabric pretreatment, refining and bleaching:
Described destarch refer to cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% ~ 95% alcohol organic solvent, volume fraction be the desizing liquid that the penetrating agent JFC of water, concentration to be the desizing agent of 1 ~ 10g/L and concentration the be 1 ~ 2g/L of 5% ~ 50% mixes, destarch is carried out in desizing device, desizing liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:40, desizing temperature is 40 ~ 85 DEG C, and the destarch time is 30 ~ 60 minutes.
Described refining refer to cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% ~ 95% alcohol organic solvent, volume fraction be 5% ~ 50% water and concentration be the refining liquid that the refining agent of 1 ~ 20g/L mixes, refining is carried out in purifier, refining liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:30, refining temperature is 50 ~ 100 DEG C, and refining time is 60 ~ 120 minutes.
Described bleaching refers to that cotton fabric being placed in volume fraction is the bleaching liquid that the hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of alcohol organic solvent, the volume fraction water that is 5% ~ 50%, the concentration bleaching agent that is 2 ~ 5g/L, concentration to be the penetrating agent JFC of 1 ~ 3g/L and concentration the be 1 ~ 7g/L of 50% ~ 95% mixes, bleach in bleaching system, bleaching liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:30, bleaching temperature is 50 ~ 90 DEG C, and bleaching time is 60 ~ 90 minutes.
Described cotton fabric is the one in pure cotton fabric or polyester-cotton fabric or cotton spandex fabric or cotton nylon fabric.
Described alcohol organic solvent is the one in ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.
Described desizing agent is the one in NaOH or amylase or PVA digestive enzyme.
Described refining agent is the one in NaOH or pectase.
Described bleaching agent is the one in hydrogen peroxide or clorox or sodium chlorite.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, technical characterstic of the present invention is: the solution that the present invention adopts alcohol organic solvent and a small amount of water and desizing agent at high proportion or refining agent or bleaching agent to mix carries out the method for pre-treatment to cotton fabric, solves water consumption in traditional cotton fabric pretreatment large and difficultly to reclaim and with serious pollution problem.The slurry adopted during cotton textile sizing mostly is starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), this kind of slurry all can occur swelling in the heat alkali liquid or enzyme liquid of alcohol organic solvent, be collosol state from gel state, fluff with sticking of fiber, again through mechanical work, be just easier to split away off from fabric.Cotton fiber in cotton fabric is made up of epidermal area, primary cell wall, secondary cell wall and cell.Wherein, the component of secondary cell wall is cellulose, and it is the main body forming cotton fiber.Epidermal area is the outermost layer of cotton fiber, primarily of compositions such as pectic substance, oily wax and protein.Primary cell wall is close to epidermal area, is between secondary cell wall and epidermal area, mainly cellulosic desmachyme, the impurity such as the oily wax also containing some and pectic substance.Cell wall is positioned at cotton fiber center, containing protein, mineral salt and some pigments etc.In ripe cotton fiber, the content of pectic substance is 0.7 ~ 1.2%, the content of wax and fat is 0.4 ~ 1.0%, and the content of ash content is 0.7 ~ 1.6%, these impurity under certain condition can with the effect of the mixed solution of alcohol organic solvent and caustic soda or enzyme under there is swelling, saponification and dissolving and remove.Therefore, use caustic soda or the enzyme solutions process cotton fabric of alcohol organic solvent, accurately and up hill and dale can remove impurity, and ensure that fiber itself is not suffered a loss.Along with decomposition and the removing of the materials such as pectic substance in fiber, Inter-fiber voids increases, and fibrous inside passage is opened, and fabric exhibits goes out the feel of fluffy softness, the capillary effect of uniformity, is more conducive to follow-up dyeing and finishing processing.Adding of alcohol organic solvent, these slurries can better be contacted, to reach the object removed at short notice with desizing liquid, refining liquid and bleaching liquid with natural impurity.Alcohol organic solvent also makes the water consumption in cotton fabric pretreatment process greatly reduce at high proportion, and all right recycle and reuse of organic solvent after pre-treatment, alcohol organic solvent recovery process is ripe, and cost recovery is low, economize energy, fundamentally decreases the discharge of waste water and waste liquids.
The method of cotton fabric pretreatment of the present invention, in the process of cotton fabric pretreatment, greatly can not only reduce the consumption of water and effectively reduce the consumption of reagent, but also the destarch effect of cotton fabric can be improved, destarch rate is increased, and destarch is more thorough, the refining effect of cotton fabric can also be improved simultaneously, the capillary effect of fabric is increased, more can increase the bleaching effect of fabric, the whiteness of fabric is increased.The alcohol organic solvent that cotton fabric face after the inventive method process exists can be volatilized fast in drying course, shortens drying time and has saved energy.The alcohol organic solvent safety non-toxic that the present invention adopts, can recycle and reuse, and recovery process is ripe, and cost is low, clean environment firendly.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.
A method for cotton fabric pretreatment, handled cotton fabric is the one in pure cotton fabric or polyester-cotton fabric or cotton spandex fabric or cotton nylon fabric.Cotton fabric pretreatment method of the present invention is as follows:
A destarch
Cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% ~ 95% alcohol organic solvent, volume fraction be the desizing liquid that the penetrating agent JFC of water, concentration to be the desizing agent of 1 ~ 10g/L and concentration the be 1 ~ 2g/L of 5% ~ 50% mixes, destarch is carried out in desizing device, desizing liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:40, desizing temperature is 40 ~ 85 DEG C, and the destarch time is 30 ~ 60 minutes.Alcohol organic solvent is the one in ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.Desizing agent is the one in NaOH or amylase or PVA digestive enzyme.
B refining
Cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% ~ 95% alcohol organic solvent, volume fraction be 5% ~ 50% water and concentration be the refining liquid that the refining agent of 1 ~ 20g/L mixes, refining is carried out in purifier, refining liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:30, refining temperature is 50 ~ 100 DEG C, and refining time is 60 ~ 120 minutes.Alcohol organic solvent is the one of ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.Refining agent is the one in NaOH or pectase.
C bleaches
Cotton fabric being placed in volume fraction is the bleaching liquid that the hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of alcohol organic solvent, the volume fraction water that is 5% ~ 50%, the concentration bleaching agent that is 2 ~ 5g/L, concentration to be the penetrating agent JFC of 1 ~ 3g/L and concentration the be 1 ~ 7g/L of 50% ~ 95% mixes, bleach in bleaching system, bleaching liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:30, bleaching temperature is 50 ~ 90 DEG C, and bleaching time is 60 ~ 90 minutes.Alcohol organic solvent is the one in ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.Bleaching agent is the one in hydrogen peroxide or clorox or sodium chlorite.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
Select 1g pure cotton fabric as the cotton fabric treating destarch, pure cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 95% ethanol, volume fraction be the desizing liquid that the penetrating agent JFC of water, concentration to be the NaOH of 10g/L and concentration the be 2g/L of 5% mixes, destarch is carried out in desizing device, desizing liquid bath raio is 1:40, desizing temperature is 85 DEG C, and the destarch time is 60 minutes.
Result: destarch rate is 93.25%.
Embodiment two:
Select 1g polyester-cotton fabric as the cotton fabric treating destarch, polyester-cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% isopropyl alcohol, volume fraction be the desizing liquid that the penetrating agent JFC of water, concentration to be the amylase of 1g/L and concentration the be 1g/L of 50% mixes, destarch is carried out in desizing device, desizing liquid bath raio is 1:20, desizing temperature is 40 DEG C, and the destarch time is 30 minutes.
Result: destarch rate is 90.70%.
Embodiment three:
Select the cotton spandex fabric of 1g as the cotton fabric treating destarch, cotton spandex fabric is placed in volume fraction be 70% ethanol, volume fraction be the desizing liquid that the penetrating agent JFC of water, concentration to be the PVA digestive enzyme of 5g/L and concentration the be 1g/L of 30% mixes, destarch is carried out in desizing device, desizing liquid bath raio is 1:30, desizing temperature is 60 DEG C, and the destarch time is 40 minutes.
Result: destarch rate is 92.53%.
Embodiment four:
Select the cotton nylon fabric of 1g as the cotton fabric treating destarch, cotton nylon fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% isopropyl alcohol, volume fraction be the desizing liquid that the penetrating agent JFC of water, concentration to be the NaOH of 7g/L and concentration the be 1g/L of 50% mixes, destarch is carried out in desizing device, desizing liquid bath raio is 1:30, desizing temperature is 80 DEG C, and the destarch time is 50 minutes.
Result: destarch rate is 90.25%.
Embodiment five:
Select 1g pure cotton fabric as the cotton fabric treating refining, pure cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 95% ethanol, volume fraction be 5% water, concentration be the refining liquid that the NaOH of 20g/L mixes, refining is carried out in purifier, refining liquid bath raio is 1:30, refining temperature is 100 DEG C, and refining time is 120 minutes.
Result: capillary effect is 12.30cm.
Embodiment six:
Select 1g polyester-cotton fabric as the cotton fabric treating refining, polyester-cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% isopropyl alcohol, volume fraction be 50% water, concentration be the refining liquid that the pectase of 1g/L mixes, refining is carried out in purifier, refining liquid bath raio is 1:20, refining temperature is 50 DEG C, and refining time is 60 minutes.
Result: capillary effect is 11.52cm.
Embodiment seven:
Select the cotton spandex fabric of 1g as the cotton fabric treating refining, cotton spandex fabric is placed in volume fraction be 70% ethanol, volume fraction be 30% water, concentration be the refining liquid that the NaOH of 10g/L mixes, refining is carried out in purifier, refining liquid bath raio is 1:25, refining temperature is 100 DEG C, and refining time is 100 minutes.
Result: capillary effect is 12.11cm.
Embodiment eight:
Select the cotton nylon fabric of 1g as the cotton fabric treating refining, cotton nylon fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50 isopropyl alcohol, volume fraction be 50% water, concentration be the refining liquid that the pectase of 2g/L mixes, refining is carried out in purifier, refining liquid bath raio is 1:20, refining temperature is 60 DEG C, and refining time is 60 minutes.
Result: capillary effect is 11.58cm.
Embodiment nine:
Select 1g pure cotton fabric as the cotton fabric of bleaching, pure cotton fabric being placed in volume fraction is the bleaching liquid that the hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of ethanol, the volume fraction water that is 5%, the concentration hydrogen peroxide that is 5g/L, concentration to be the penetrating agent JFC of 3g/L and concentration the be 7g/L of 95% mixes, bleach in bleaching system, bleaching liquid bath raio is 1:30, bleaching temperature is 90 DEG C, and bleaching time is 90 minutes.
Result: whiteness is 90.03Wh.
Embodiment ten:
Select 1g polyester-cotton fabric as the cotton fabric of bleaching, polyester-cotton fabric being placed in volume fraction is the bleaching liquid that the hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of isopropyl alcohol, the volume fraction water that is 50%, the concentration clorox that is 2g/L, concentration to be the penetrating agent JFC of 1g/L and concentration the be 1g/L of 50% mixes, bleach in bleaching system, bleaching liquid bath raio is 1:20, bleaching temperature is 50 DEG C, and bleaching time is 60 minutes.
Result: whiteness is 88.50Wh.
Embodiment 11:
Select the cotton spandex fabric of 1g as the cotton fabric of bleaching, cotton spandex fabric being placed in volume fraction is the bleaching liquid that the hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of ethanol, the volume fraction water that is 30%, the concentration sodium chlorite that is 3g/L, concentration to be the penetrating agent JFC of 2g/L and concentration the be 3g/L of 70% mixes, bleach in bleaching system, bleaching liquid bath raio is 1:25, bleaching temperature is 70 DEG C, and bleaching time is 70 minutes.
Result: whiteness is 93.45Wh.
Embodiment 12:
Select the cotton nylon fabric of 1g as the cotton fabric of bleaching, cotton nylon fabric being placed in volume fraction is the bleaching liquid that the hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of isopropyl alcohol, the volume fraction water that is 10%, the concentration hydrogen peroxide that is 5g/L, concentration to be the penetrating agent JFC of 3g/L and concentration the be 7g/L of 90% mixes, bleach in bleaching system, bleaching liquid bath raio is 1:30, bleaching temperature is 90 DEG C, and bleaching time is 80 minutes.
Result: whiteness is 88.89Wh.
Claims (6)
1. a method for cotton fabric pretreatment, comprises the destarch in cotton fabric pretreatment, refining and bleaching, it is characterized in that:
Described destarch refer to cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% ~ 95% alcohol organic solvent, volume fraction be the desizing liquid that the penetrating agent JFC of water, concentration to be the desizing agent of 1 ~ 10g/L and concentration the be 1 ~ 2g/L of 5% ~ 50% mixes, destarch is carried out in desizing device, desizing liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:40, desizing temperature is 40 ~ 85 DEG C, and the destarch time is 30 ~ 60 minutes;
Described refining refer to cotton fabric is placed in volume fraction be 50% ~ 95% alcohol organic solvent, volume fraction be 5% ~ 50% water and concentration be the refining liquid that the refining agent of 1 ~ 20g/L mixes, refining is carried out in purifier, refining liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:30, refining temperature is 50 ~ 100 DEG C, and refining time is 60 ~ 120 minutes;
Described bleaching refers to that cotton fabric being placed in volume fraction is the bleaching liquid that the hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of alcohol organic solvent, the volume fraction water that is 5% ~ 50%, the concentration bleaching agent that is 2 ~ 5g/L, concentration to be the penetrating agent JFC of 1 ~ 3g/L and concentration the be 1 ~ 7g/L of 50% ~ 95% mixes, bleach in bleaching system, bleaching liquid bath raio is 1:20 ~ 1:30, bleaching temperature is 50 ~ 90 DEG C, and bleaching time is 60 ~ 90 minutes.
2. the method for a kind of cotton fabric pretreatment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described cotton fabric is the one in pure cotton fabric or polyester-cotton fabric or cotton spandex fabric or cotton nylon fabric.
3. the method for a kind of cotton fabric pretreatment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described alcohol organic solvent is the one in ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.
4. the method for a kind of cotton fabric pretreatment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described desizing agent is the one in NaOH or amylase or PVA digestive enzyme.
5. the method for a kind of cotton fabric pretreatment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described refining agent is the one in NaOH or pectase.
6. the method for a kind of cotton fabric pretreatment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described bleaching agent is hydrogen peroxide.
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103485155A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 昆山市万丰制衣有限责任公司 | Cold-pad-batch pretreatment process of pure cotton fabric by using stabilizer G-PR |
| CN104389153B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 苏州大学 | Method for enzymatic desizing of cotton in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid |
| CN104328648B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 苏州大学 | Desizing treatment method in supercritical carbon dioxide medium |
| CN104372598B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 苏州大学 | Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid desizing method by use of combined enzyme |
| CN104313891B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-12-07 | 苏州大学 | A kind of starch slurry desizing method with supercritical carbon dioxide as medium |
| CN107299521A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-27 | 中国石化仪征化纤有限责任公司 | For polyamidoester fibre and its bleaching agent and its normal temperature method for bleaching of fabric |
| CN107164941A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-15 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of cotton fabric desizing method of novel environment-friendlygreen green |
| CN108457086A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-08-28 | 浙江雅雪染整有限公司 | Knitted cotton pectase pre-treating technology |
| CN109722924B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2021-10-01 | 鲁泰纺织股份有限公司 | Cellulose fiber cheese dyeing method with less aqueous medium |
| CN109914129A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-21 | 绍兴金牡印染有限公司 | A kind of clean fabric dyeing and printing process |
| CN113308912A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-27 | 深圳全棉时代科技有限公司 | Low-twist soft all-cotton fabric and preparation method thereof |
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| US3708260A (en) * | 1969-05-09 | 1973-01-02 | Ici Ltd | Textile treatment process |
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