CN103254023B - Slow release BB (bulk blending) fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Slow release BB (bulk blending) fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slow release BB (bulk blending) fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The slow release BB fertilizer comprises 25-50 mass percent of coated urea and 50-75 mass percent of a chlorine nitrate based compound fertilizer. The slow release BB fertilizer and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects: (1) the application effect is good: the slow release BB fertilizer can be prepared by blending in an appropriate ratio according to growth needs of crops, is suitable for various crops and can be applied once as a base fertilizer, and an additional fertilizer is not needed afterwards, so that labor and time are saved; (2) the utilization ratio of urea is high: the loss of urea can be reduced to ensure that ammonia generated by the decomposition of urea is maintained in soil for a long time, the fertilizer requirement in the whole growth and development process of the crops is met, the earlier stage does not have excessive fertilizer, the middle stage is not lack of fertilizer, and the later stage does not lose fertilizer, so that the loss of a nitrogen fertilizer is significantly controlled, and the environmental pollution is reduced; and (3) the production process is extremely simple to favor the popularization and application of the slow release BB fertilizer and the preparation method in the chemical fertilizer industry.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to technical field of fertilizer, more particularly, it relates to slow-release BB fertilizer（BB fertilizer means Bulk
Blending Fertilizer, bulk blended fertilizer in bulk）And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer is widely used in agricultural production, and chemical fertilizer is soluble in water, can produce effect after fertilising, and can be when shorter
Interior absorbed by crops.Therefore in each stage of plant growth, need to apply various different fertilizer, such as nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphorus
Fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer etc., these not the fertilizer of same-action can not shift to an earlier date and be disposably applied to, increased the workload of peasant.In addition, fertilising
Amount will be suitably it is impossible to apply more, otherwise can be unfavorable to plant growth.
China's major part fertilizer is all quick action fertilizer, and utilization rate ratio is relatively low, the overall utilization of nitrogenous fertilizer only has 30～
35%, the loss such as the leaching loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, volatilization, rainwash is more, and the economic benefit that fertilizer applies is relatively low, causes the huge of resource
Waste the increase with agriculture production cost, cause greenhouse gases effect and the eutrophication of water body, make ecological environment severe.Fertilizer
A large amount of administrations and low utilization rate make quality of agricultural product decline, soil texture is affected, and pollutes environment.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the above-mentioned utilization rate of fertilizer for prior art is low, pollution environment
Defect, provides a kind of slow-release BB fertilizer and preparation method thereof, its preparation process is simple, and cost is relatively low, and once can apply as base fertilizer
Enter, later without topdressing, the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer is high, and relative reduction environmental pollution.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Construct a kind of slow-release BB fertilizer, including percent mass
The nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer being 50%～75% than the coated carbamide for 25%～50% and mass percent.
In slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer includes following components by mass percentage：
In slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, described coated carbamide includes following components by mass percentage：
Urea 95%～97%
Coated fertilizer 1%～4%
Adhesive 0.01%～3%.
In slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, described coated fertilizer is silica.
In slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, described adhesive is phenolic aldehyde emulsion or POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL.
In slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, the particle diameter of described coated carbamide and described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer is 2mm
～4mm.
A kind of preparation method of slow-release BB fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
Prepare coated carbamide；
Prepare nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer；
By mass percent be 25%～50% described coated carbamide and described nitre chlorine that mass percent is 50%～75%
Base composite fertilizer is sieved respectively；
Coated carbamide after screening and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer are put in mixer and be sufficiently mixed, obtains final product described slow
Release BB fertile.
In the preparation method of slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, described coated carbamide is included by mass percentage with the following group
Point：
Urea 95%～97%
Coated fertilizer 1%～4%
Adhesive 0.01%～3%.
In the preparation method of slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, described coated carbamide of preparing comprises the following steps：
Urea, coated fertilizer, adhesive are carried out metering according to mass percent and weigh；
The accurate urea of weighing, adhesive are put in rotary drum mixer and pre-processed, is subsequently adding weighing accurately
Coated fertilizer carries out coating process；
Granulation put on granulating disc by urea after coating is processed, after be dried, cooling obtains final product described coating urine
Element.
In the preparation method of slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer include by mass percentage with
Lower component：
Implement slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof, have the advantages that：（1）Application effect is good.Described
Slow-release BB fertilizer can be mixed with according to suitable ratio according to the growth needs of crop it is adaptable to various crops, and can conduct
Base fertilizer once applies, and later without topdressing, saves labor and saves time；（2）The utilization rate of urea is high.The loss of urea can be reduced, make
Urea decomposes the ammonia producing and is saved in for a long time in soil it is ensured that fertilizer requirement in the whole growth and development process of crop is it is ensured that front
Phase is seldom fertile, mid-term not fertilizer deficiency, and the later stage does not take off fertilizer, significantly controls the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, and decreases environmental pollution；（3）Produce
Technique and its simple, is conducive to promoting the use of in chemical fertilizer industry.
Brief description
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram preparing slow-release BB fertilizer that present pre-ferred embodiments provide.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood to the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and effect, now comparison accompanying drawing describes in detail
The specific embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention, according to limiting the several key factor in fertilizer validity ground, targetedly invents a kind of fertilizer efficiency persistently, and subtracts
The slow-release BB fertilizer of few environmental pollution.
Slow-release BB fertilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including mass percent be 25%～50% coated carbamide and quality hundred
Divide ratio for 50%～75% nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer.This slow-release BB fertilizer includes nitrate nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen and urea nitrogen, and dexterously first
Urea is processed by coating and obtains coated carbamide, urea coated after will not react with ammoniacal nitrogen, it is to avoid generation water, and
Reach the effect of sustained release.Nitrogenous in coated carbamide is 44%, and the particle diameter of coated carbamide and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer is all in 2mm～4mm
Between.
In this slow-release BB fertilizer, nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer is dissolution velocity fertilizer faster, and the early stage for crop and mid-term provide
Nutrient, coated carbamide is the relatively slow fertilizer of dissolution velocity, and the later stage for crop provides nutrient, prevents crop from taking off fertilizer, and shadow
Ring the yield of crop.
Wherein, in described coated carbamide, by mass percentage, including following components：
Urea 95%～97%
Coated fertilizer 1%～4%
Adhesive 0.01%～3%.
Coated fertilizer is 800 mesh SiO 2 powders.With coated fertilizers such as existing shitosan, monoglyceride, sodium alginates
Compare, SiO 2 powder is thinner, and stickiness good it is easy to be coated on urea surface.And silica chemistry is stable, insoluble
Yu Shui, nontoxic, Nano particles of silicon dioxide is generally spherical, has larger specific surface area, can expand and soil
Foundation area；And micropore is had on spherical nano-silicon dioxide, internal urea nutrient lentamente can be discharged.
Adhesive is preferably phenolic aldehyde emulsion or POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, because the stickiness of phenolic aldehyde emulsion and POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL is preferable, permissible
First urea surface is pre-processed with this adhesive, then coat coated fertilizer again, covered effect is good.
Preferably, include following components by mass percentage in described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer：
Ammonium nitrate phosphorus is commercially available common ammonium nitrate phosphorus, and wherein nitrogen content is more than 32%, and phosphorus content is more than 4%, white graininess.Nitre
Ammonium phosphorus, 55% nitric acid and gas ammonia belong to nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, and dissolution velocity is fast, and the growth early stage for crops provides nutrient.
MAP, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium oxide belong to ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, and dissolution velocity is general, provide for crop mid-term
Nutrient.And Cl-Nitrification can be suppressed, reduce nitrogen loss, improve fertilizer efficiency；Potassium, as Quality Element, can guarantee that full seed,
Improve quality.
The slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, by being used as coated fertilizer with silica, urea cladding is got up to obtain coating urine
Element, and coated carbamide and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer are mixed to get slow-release BB fertilizer according to suitable ratio.Nitrogenous fertilizer in this slow-release BB fertilizer
Consumption and ratio set the lasting confession it is ensured that fertilizer nitrogen fully according to plant different growing stages to the nutrient uptake feature of nitrogen
Give, in the different growing stage of crop, provide different nutrients for crop, significantly control the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, and decrease ring
Border is polluted；And once can apply as base fertilizer, later without topdressing, save labor and save time；Nutrients ratio is coordinated, with strong points,
Various composition ratio can be adjusted flexibly according to Different Crop.
Refer to Fig. 1, the preparation method of the slow-release BB fertilizer that present pre-ferred embodiments provide, comprise the following steps：
Step S10：Prepare coated carbamide.
Preferably, include following components in coated carbamide by mass percentage：
Urea 95%～97%
Coated fertilizer 1%～4%
Adhesive 0.01%～3%.
Prepare coated carbamide to mainly include the following steps that：
By mass percentage, accurately weigh respectively 95%～97% urea, 1%～4% coated fertilizer, 0.01%～3%
Adhesive is standby.Wherein coated fertilizer is 800 mesh SiO 2 powders, and adhesive is phenolic aldehyde emulsion or one kind of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL.
The 95%～97% of precise urea is put in rotary drum mixer together with 0.01%～3% adhesive and carries out
Pretreatment, the time of this pretreatment is 15～45min；It is subsequently adding the 1%～3 of weighing coated fertilizer, continue stirring mixing
Carry out coating process, the time that this coating is processed is 1～2 hour.
Urea after the above-mentioned process through coating is put into granulation process is carried out on granulating disc, when particle diameter is 2mm～4mm
When stop；Then it is dried, cools down and obtain final product this coated carbamide, nitrogenous in the coated carbamide finally giving is 44%.Drying time
For 20～40min, baking temperature is 50～70 DEG C.
Step S20：Prepare nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer.
Preferably, in nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer, by mass percentage, including following components：
According to aforementioned proportion, weigh mixing and obtain final product nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer.
Step S30：By mass percent be 25%～50% described coated carbamide and mass percent be 50%～75%
Described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer is sieved respectively.
The purpose of screening is to screen out the bulky grain in coated carbamide and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer, and finally giving particle diameter is 2mm
Coated carbamide between～4mm and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer.
Step S40：Coated carbamide after screening and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer are put in mixer and be sufficiently mixed, that is,
Obtain described slow-release BB fertilizer.
The above-mentioned particle diameter being sieving through is put into mixing for the coated carbamide between 2mm～4mm together with nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer
It is sufficiently mixed in machine；Incorporation time is 1～2 hour, obtains final product this slow-release BB fertilizer.
The preparation method of the slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention, first carries out coating process and obtains coated carbamide, it is to avoid urea to urea
React with other nitrogenous fertilizer, and lead to lose efficacy；Then mixed with other fertilizer again, simple processing, low production cost, no
Pollution.
With reference to specific embodiment, present disclosure is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
First pass through following methods and prepare coated carbamide：
Silica is crossed 800 mesh sieves, and weigh respectively 95% urea, 2% 800 mesh silica, 3% polypropylene
Alcohol is standby；Then 95% urea is put into the pretreatment carrying out 15min in rotary drum mixer together with 3% POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, connect
And carry out coating process by continuing stirring mixing in 2% 800 mesh silica input mixers, 1 hour terminates；Finally will be through
Urea after coating is processed is put into and is carried out granulation process on granulating disc, after be dried, cool down and obtain final product this coated carbamide.Its
In, drying time is 20min, and baking temperature is 70 DEG C.
Prepare nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer, according to mass percent, weighing 9% ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 11% concentration are 55% nitric acid, 5% gas
Ammonia, 12% MAP, 27% ammonium chloride, 23% potassium chloride and 3% calcium oxide, and be mixed and obtain final product nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer.
Weigh 25% coated carbamide and 75% nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer by mass percentage, then respectively it is sieved, obtain
It is coated carbamide and the nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer of 2mm to particle diameter, further by the coated carbamide after screening and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer
Put into and be sufficiently mixed in mixer 1 hour, obtain final product this slow-release BB fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
First pass through following methods and prepare coated carbamide：
Silica is crossed 800 mesh sieves, and weigh respectively 97% urea, 1% 800 mesh silica, 2% polypropylene
Alcohol is standby；Then 97% urea is put into the pretreatment carrying out 45min in rotary drum mixer together with 2% POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, connect
And carry out coating process by continuing stirring mixing in 1% 800 mesh silica input mixers, 2 hours terminate；Finally will be through
Urea after coating is processed is put into and is carried out granulation process on granulating disc, after be dried, cool down and obtain final product this coated carbamide.Its
In, drying time is 40min, and baking temperature is 50 DEG C.
Prepare nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer, according to mass percent, weighing 13% ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 6% concentration are 55% nitric acid, 1% gas
Ammonia, 16% MAP, 31% ammonium chloride, 27% potassium chloride and 6% calcium oxide, and be mixed and obtain final product nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer.
Weigh 50% coated carbamide and 50% nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer by mass percentage, then respectively it is sieved, obtain
It is coated carbamide and the nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer of 4mm to particle diameter, further by the coated carbamide after screening and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer
Put into and be sufficiently mixed in mixer 2 hours, obtain final product this slow-release BB fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
First pass through following methods and prepare coated carbamide：
Silica crossed 800 mesh sieves, and weigh respectively 95.99% urea, 4% 800 mesh silica, 0.01%
Phenolic aldehyde emulsion is standby；Then 95.99% urea is put into together with 0.01% phenolic aldehyde emulsion and in rotary drum mixer, carry out 30min
Pretreatment, then 4% 800 mesh silica are put into and continue stirring mixing in mixers and carry out coating process, 1.3 hours
Terminate；Finally the urea after processing through coating is put into and carries out granulation process on granulating disc, after be dried, cool down and obtain final product
This coated carbamide.Wherein, drying time is 30min, and baking temperature is 65 DEG C.
Prepare nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer, according to mass percent, weighing 11% ammonium nitrate phosphorus, 15% concentration are 55% nitric acid, 3% gas
Ammonia, 14.5% MAP, 29% ammonium chloride, 25.5% potassium chloride and 2% calcium oxide, and be mixed and obtain final product nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer.
Weigh 30% coated carbamide and 70% nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer by mass percentage, then respectively it is sieved, obtain
It is coated carbamide and the nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer of 3mm to particle diameter, further by the coated carbamide after screening and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer
Put into and be sufficiently mixed in mixer 1.5 hours, obtain final product this slow-release BB fertilizer.
Result of the test
Take 40 kilograms of the slow-release BB fertilizer that above-described embodiment 3 is obtained, and base is applied in 1 mu of rice terrace；40 kilograms of enforcement simultaneously
In the slow-release BB fertilizer of example 3, comprise in 12 kilograms of coated carbamide and 28 kilograms of nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer, and 12 kilograms of coated carbamides
The quality of the urea containing is 11.52 kilograms, then in check experiment, apply 28 kilograms of nitre chloro in the early stage base of paddy growth
Composite fertilizer, the later stage adds 15 kilograms of urea again.Per mu yield using the rice terrace of the slow-release BB fertilizer of the present invention is 682.5 public affairs
Jin, has increased production more than 15% than check experiment, section fertile 23.2%.
The slow-release BB fertilizer being obtained using the preparation method of the present invention, by being used as coated fertilizer with silica, by urea
Cladding gets up to obtain coated carbamide, and coated carbamide and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer are mixed to get sustained release BB according to suitable ratio
Fertile.Coated carbamide can reduce the loss of urea, make urea decompose the ammonia producing and be saved in for a long time in soil it is ensured that crop is whole
Fertilizer requirement in individual growth and development process.In this slow-release BB fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer amount and ratio fully according to plant different growing stages to nitrogen
The nutrient uptake feature of element and set it is ensured that the sustainable supply of fertilizer nitrogen, in the different growing stage of crop, provide different for crop
Nutrient it is ensured that early stage is seldom fertile, mid-term not fertilizer deficiency, the later stage does not take off fertilizer, significantly controls the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, improves urea fertilizer
Utilization rate, and decrease environmental pollution；And once can apply as base fertilizer, later without topdressing, save labor and save time；Nutrient
Eurythmy, with strong points.And production technology and its simple, be conducive to promoting the use of in chemical fertilizer industry.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned concrete
Embodiment, above-mentioned specific embodiment is only schematically, rather than restricted, those of ordinary skill in the art
Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of without departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, also can make a lot
Form, these belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of slow-release BB fertilizer is it is characterised in that include coated carbamide and the percent mass that mass percent is 25%～50%
Than the nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer for 50%～75%；Wherein, described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer includes following components by mass percentage：
Ammonium nitrate phosphorus 9%～13%
55% nitric acid 11%～15%
Gas ammonia 1%～5%
MAP 12%～16%
Ammonium chloride 27%～31%
Potassium chloride 23%～27%
Calcium oxide 2%～6%；
Described coated carbamide includes following components by mass percentage：
Urea 95%～97%
Coated fertilizer 1%～4%
Adhesive 0.01%～3%；
Described coated fertilizer is SiO 2 powder.
2. slow-release BB fertilizer according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described adhesive is phenolic aldehyde emulsion or POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL.
3. slow-release BB fertilizer according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described coated carbamide and described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer
Particle diameter is 2mm～4mm.
4. a kind of preparation method of slow-release BB fertilizer is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Prepare coated carbamide；Described coated carbamide includes following components by mass percentage：
Urea 95%～97%
Coated fertilizer 1%～4%
Adhesive 0.01%～3%；
Wherein, described coated fertilizer is SiO 2 powder；
Prepare nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer；Described nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer includes following components by mass percentage：
Ammonium nitrate phosphorus 9%～13%
55% nitric acid 11%～15%
Gas ammonia 1%～5%
MAP 12%～16%
Ammonium chloride 27%～31%
Potassium chloride 23%～27%
Calcium oxide 2%～6%；
By mass percent be 25%～50% described coated carbamide and described nitre chlorine that mass percent is 50%～75%
Base composite fertilizer is sieved respectively；
Coated carbamide after screening and nitre chlorine-based compound fertilizer are put in mixer and be sufficiently mixed, obtains final product described sustained release BB
Fertile.
5. slow-release BB fertilizer according to claim 4 preparation method it is characterised in that described prepare coated carbamide include with
Lower step：
Urea, coated fertilizer, adhesive are carried out metering according to mass percent and weigh；
The accurate urea of weighing, adhesive are put in rotary drum mixer and pre-processed, is subsequently adding the accurate coating of weighing
Material carries out coating process；
Granulation put on granulating disc by urea after coating is processed, after be dried, cooling obtains final product described coated carbamide.
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| CN104909886A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-16 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Water-soluble slow-release silicon composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104909964A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-16 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Slow-release fertilizer and application thereof |
| CN105152795B (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2018-11-06 | 武汉工程大学 | Blending and modifying silica lotion coating Diammonium phosphate (DAP) slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106278664A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-01-04 | 刘卫东 | A kind of environmentally friendly functional controlled release bulk blended fertilizer of degradable lignin and trace element peplos and preparation method thereof |
| CN108546200A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-09-18 | 商洛学院 | A kind of special sustained and controlled release composite fertilizer of radix scutellariae and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1854111A (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-11-01 | 南京理工大学 | Dressed slow-releasing fertilizer and its production |
| JP2007084414A (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-04-05 | Mitsui Touatsu Hiryo Kk | Sulfur coated fertilizer having improved coating film strength and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN100491298C (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2009-05-27 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Long-acting special-purpose control-release fertilizer for peony and preparation method thereof |
| CN100482618C (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-04-29 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special-purpose control-release fertilizer for chrysanthemum and preparation method thereof |
| CN100482621C (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-04-29 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Controlled release fertilizer special for rose and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102126742B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-11-28 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Method for producing chloride-based compound fertilizer and co-producing gypsum through decomposing phosphorite with hydrochloric acid |
| CN102126739B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2013-01-30 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Method for producing nitre-chlorine-based compound fertilizer with byproduct of plaster by decomposing phosphorite with nitric acid |
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