CN103244228B - 凸轮轴调节器 - Google Patents

凸轮轴调节器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103244228B
CN103244228B CN201310058564.6A CN201310058564A CN103244228B CN 103244228 B CN103244228 B CN 103244228B CN 201310058564 A CN201310058564 A CN 201310058564A CN 103244228 B CN103244228 B CN 103244228B
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stator
balancing gate
gate pit
valves
groove
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CN103244228A (zh
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延斯·舍费尔
马丁·施泰格瓦尔德
米夏埃尔·布塞
于尔根·普拉特
安德烈亚斯·韦德尔
奥拉夫·伯泽
斯特芬·拉克勒贝
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Schaeffler Holding China Co Ltd
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/14Check valves with flexible valve members
    • F16K15/16Check valves with flexible valve members with tongue-shaped laminae
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/34433Location oil control valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34446Fluid accumulators for the feeding circuit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34479Sealing of phaser devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机(2)的凸轮轴调节器(4),具有定子(20)、可旋转地容纳在定子(20)内的转子(22)、用于相对于定子(20)移调转子(22)的压力室(44)和体积蓄能器(70),该体积蓄能器用于通过压力室(44)与体积蓄能器(70)之间的通道(88)平衡压力室(44)内的真空,其中,止回阀(72)具有用于封闭通道(88)的封闭件(102),该封闭件在凸轮轴调节器(4)内使体积蓄能器(70)向压力室(44)打开,其中,止回阀(72)由板材组成,且封闭件(102)在具有两个相互弯曲的相对置的边缘(94、96)的板材(92)的空隙(98)内可运动地构成。

Description

凸轮轴调节器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有止回阀的凸轮轴调节器。
背景技术
凸轮轴调节器是用于移调内燃机内的曲轴与凸轮轴之间相位的技术组件。
WO 2011 138 136 A1公开了在凸轮轴调节器内设置一个体积蓄能器,在真空的情况下可以由压力室从该体积蓄能器抽吸液压液。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,对所公开的凸轮轴调节器进行改进。
该目的通过一种用于内燃机的凸轮轴调节器得以实现,其具有定子、以可旋转的方式容纳在定子内的转子、用于相对于定子移调转子的压力室和体积蓄能器,该体积蓄能器用于通过压力室与体积蓄能器之间的通道平衡压力室内的真空,其中,止回阀具有用于封闭通道的封闭件,该封闭件在凸轮轴调节器内使体积蓄能器向压力室打开,所述止回阀由板材组成,并且所述封闭件以可运动的方式构成在具有两个相对置的边缘的所述板材的空隙内,所述边缘彼此相对地弯曲。
本发明提供一种用于内燃机的凸轮轴调节器,包括定子、可旋转地容纳在定子内的转子、用于相对于定子移调转子的压力室和体积蓄能器,该体积蓄能器用于通过压力室与体积蓄能器之间的通道平衡压力室内的真空。
依据本发明,开头所述类型凸轮轴调节器的止回阀具有封闭件,该封闭件保持在具有两个相对置的末端的板材的空隙内,所述的两个末端彼此相对地弯曲。封闭件例如可以利用空隙从板材中冲出或以其他方式切割出来。随后或需要时事先将板材的相对置的末端彼此折弯。按照这种方式,止回阀可以在经济上特别有益地通过冲压-弯曲过程制造。
本发明因此提供一种具有用于封闭通道的封闭件的止回阀,该封闭件在凸轮轴调节器内使体积蓄能器向压力室打开,其中,封闭件可运动地在可与凸轮轴调节器连接的弯曲横梁的末端上构成。依据本发明,弯曲横梁在无负荷的状态下至少弯曲一次。
在本发明的一种进一步构成中,板材的至少一个弯曲末端至少部分覆盖封闭件。按照这种方式,可以在板材中整体构成用于止回阀的止挡而无需在技术上进行特殊制造步骤的转换,该止挡限制止回阀的行程并这样防止止回阀延伸过度。
本发明还提供一种用于凸轮轴调节器的转子,该转子包括轮毂和至少一个径向从轮毂凸起且带通道的叶片,该通道使凸轮轴调节器内的体积蓄能器向凸轮轴调节器的压力室打开。依据本发明,叶片在压力室侧具有槽,通道通入该槽内且该槽用于容纳所提供的止回阀。
本发明还提供一种用于凸轮轴调节器的定子,该定子包括环形的外部件和至少一个从环形外部件径向向内凸起带通道的叶片状的扇形段,该扇形段带有通道,该通道使凸轮轴调节器内的体积蓄能器向凸轮轴调节器的压力室打开。依据本发明,扇形段在压力室侧具有槽,通道通入该槽内且该槽用于容纳所提供的止回阀。
依据本发明,转子和/或定子依据所提供的转子和/或定子构成,其中,相应在槽内容纳所提供的止回阀。
附图说明
下面借助附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。其中:
图1示出带有凸轮轴调节器的内燃机的示意图;
图2示出图1的带有定子的凸轮轴调节器的剖面图;
图3示出图2的定子的立体图;
图4以另一透视图示出图3的定子的立体图;
图5示出图3和4的止回阀的实施例;
图6以剖面示出带有图5的止回阀的转子的实施例。
具体实施方式
附图中相同的部件具有相同的附图标记并只介绍一次。
参照图1,该图示出带有凸轮轴调节器4的内燃机2的示意图。
内燃机2以本身公知的方式包括燃烧室6,该燃烧室可以通过气门8打开和关闭。气门通过相应凸轮轴12上的凸轮10操控。燃烧室6内此外容纳驱动曲轴16的往复活塞14。曲轴16的旋转能量在其轴向末端上通过传动件18传递到凸轮轴调节器4上。在本举例中,传动件可以是链条或皮带。
凸轮轴调节器4轴向套装在凸轮轴12上,吸收传动件18的旋转能量并将其传输到凸轮轴12。在此方面,凸轮轴调节器4可以按时减慢或加快凸轮轴12相对于曲轴16的旋转,以改变凸轮轴12相对于曲轴16的相位。
参照图2,该图示出图1中的带有定子20的凸轮轴调节器4的剖面图。
除了定子20外,凸轮轴调节器4还具有容纳在定子20内的转子22、相对于转子22预张紧定子20的螺旋弹簧24、覆盖螺旋弹簧的弹簧盖26、在中心容纳在凸轮轴调节器4内的中心阀28和操作中心阀28的中心磁铁30。
转子22同心地容纳在定子20内并具有图3–5所示的从转子的轮毂32凸起的叶片34。转子22同心保持在中心阀28的可以旋入凸轮轴12内的中心螺栓36上,该凸轮轴内轴向运动地容纳控制活塞38,该控制活塞通过中心磁铁的挺杆40轴向运动到中心螺栓36内并通过弹簧42轴向从中心螺栓36压出。根据控制活塞38在中心螺栓36内的位置,凸轮轴调节器4的图3和4内所示的压力室44以本身公知的方式与压力接口46或与体积蓄能器接口48连接,相应地,液压液通过这些接口泵入压力室44或从这些压力室排出。
定子20具有图3和4中可看到的环形外部件50,四个扇形段52从该外部件径向向内凸起。环形外部件50利用前盖54和后盖56轴向封闭,其中,盖54、56通过螺栓58保持在环形外部件50上。螺栓58之一具有轴向加长部60,其用作螺旋弹簧24的悬挂。此外在后盖56内与环形外部件50相对的轴向面上构成环形槽62,弹簧盖26夹紧在该槽内。在环形外部件50的径向圆周上构成齿64,传动件18可以嵌入这些齿。
中心螺栓36具有径向孔66作为体积蓄能器接口48,在该径向孔上设有穿过前盖54的轴向通道68。通道68在前盖54的指向中心螺栓36的径向内侧上径向处于沿圆周方向引导的槽71上,以便可以使液压液在与转子22抗扭连接的中心螺栓36的任何位置上在径向孔66与通道68之间向定子20流动。
通道68通入扇形段52之一的空腔70内,其中,螺栓58之一也穿过该空腔70。空腔70通过止回阀72向凸轮轴调节器4的相邻压力室44打开,其中,液压液只能从空腔70向压力室44流动,从而压力室44在真空的情况下可以抽取储存在空腔70内的液压液。如果空腔70同时溢流过多的液压液,那么多余的液压液通过油箱接口74例如排到未示出的油池。扇形段52内的空腔70因此作为体积蓄能器用于补偿凸轮轴调节器4的相应邻接的压力室44内的真空。
参照图3和4,这些附图以两个不同的透视图示出图2中的定子连同容纳在里面的转子22的立体图。
转子22在中心具有轴向通孔76,中心阀28可以插入该轴向通孔内。从轴向通孔76中延伸出径向孔78,该径向孔可与中心阀28的工作接口连接,以便压力室44加注或排空液压液。在轴向通孔76的径向下方导出其他轴向贯通孔80用于容纳未示出的销子,上面在转子侧可以悬挂螺旋弹簧24。转子22此外在轴向通孔76的径向下方包括轴向盲孔82,该盲孔内可以容纳未示出的自旋锁紧件用于相对于定子20锁紧转子22。转子22的叶片的径向末端具有径向切口84,里面各容纳一个用于将压力室44彼此密封的密封件86。
正如从图3和4所看到的那样,叶片34嵌入圆周上在环形外部件50的内侧上通过扇形段52限制的间歇内并这样构成压力室44。在此方面在定子20的切向上观察,叶片34的前面构成提前压力室44,而在叶片34的后面则构成滞后压力室44。在本实施方式中,仅一个提前压力室44与用于压力平衡的空腔70通过止回阀72连接。但也可以所有提前压力室44或所有滞后压力室44为压力平衡而均与相应在扇形段52内构成的空腔70通过止回阀连接。
在图3和4中,孔88沿定子20的切向从空腔70引向相应相邻的压力室44内,该孔将空腔70与压力室44连接。孔88通入里面容纳止回阀72的槽89内。对槽89后面将做详细介绍。在压力室的面上,止回阀72以小薄片的形式设置,该小薄片在液压液从压力室44向空腔70内流动时被压在定子20上并这样封闭孔88。在本实施方式中,压力室44和空腔70通过唯一的孔88相互连接。但两个室44、70也可以通过多个孔88和相应的多个止回阀72相互连接。唯一的孔88内也可以串联和/或并联设置多个止回阀72。
此外,各自轴向贯通的间歇90可以穿过扇形段52,螺栓58可以穿过这些间隙。
在图3和4中,作为体积蓄能器使用的空腔70例如在定子20内构成。但空腔可以在凸轮轴调节器4内的任意部位上构成。这样空腔70正如后面还要示出的那样在转子22内构成,或在定子20的两个扇形段52之间取消一个叶片34的话,也可以在这两个扇形段52之间构成。
止回阀72在图3和4中套装在定子20上。根据空腔70构成的位置,止回阀72也可以套装在转子22上。
参照图5,该图示出止回阀72的实施例。
止回阀72在本实施例中由板材92组成。向图平面内观察,板材92具有上端94和下端96,这两端从图平面中出来并相向地弯曲。
在上下端94、96之间,板材具有空隙98,在该空隙内薄片102通过弯曲横梁100与板材92连接。薄片102可以通过弯曲横梁向图平面内弯曲并从中出来。如果图5中所示的止回阀72利用与弯曲的末端94、96相对置的底面如图4所示放置在通向空腔70的孔88上,使薄片如图4所示覆盖通向空腔70的孔88,那么液压液可以从空腔70进入压力室44,但不能相反。
为制造止回阀72,首先可以将任意的板材按照适当的尺寸切割。在下个步骤中,空隙98可与弯曲横梁100和薄片102共同加工出。为此板材利用冲压、锯、其他方式切割或车削加工。最后可以将上下端94、96弯曲。在此方面特别优选弯曲两个末端的至少一个,使其在垂直的俯视图中叠加在止回阀72上,如图5所示的薄片102上。按照这种方式,相应弯曲的末端94、96同时用作限制件,其在液压液从空腔70进入压力室44内的情况下限制薄片102的行程。
参照图6,该图示出示例性的转子22的叶片34的截面图,槽89内容纳类似于图5构成的止回阀72。槽89类似于图4的定子20内的槽89构成。
正如从图6所看到的那样,槽89具有径向凹陷部104,里面装入弯曲的末端94、96。止回阀72可以通过未示出的轴向孔插入槽89内。作为替代,如果板材92足够可弯曲和柔性的话,止回阀72也可以在转子22(或定子20)的切向上插入槽89内。
从凹陷部104中产生径向凸起部106。单个的这些径向凸起部106可以未示出的方式径向在覆盖通向空腔70的孔88的薄片102上延伸并这样同样或作为替代而用作对于薄片102的行程限制器。
附图标记
2 内燃机
4 凸轮轴调节器
6 燃烧室
8 气门
10 凸轮
12 凸轮轴
14 往复活塞
16 曲轴
18 传动件
20 定子
22 转子
24 螺旋弹簧
26 弹簧盖
28 中心阀
30 中心磁铁
32 轮毂
34 叶片
36 中心螺栓
38 控制活塞
40 挺杆
42 弹簧
44 压力室
46 压力接口
48 体积蓄能器接口
50 环形外部件
52 扇形段
54 前盖
56 后盖
58 螺栓
60 轴向加长部
62 槽
64 齿
66 径向孔
68 通道
70 空腔
71 圆周槽
72 止回阀
74 油箱接口
76 轴向通孔
78 径向孔
80 轴向贯通孔
82 轴向盲孔
84 径向切口
86 密封件
88 切向上的贯通孔
90 轴向间隙
92 板材
94 上部的弯曲末端
96 下部的弯曲末端
98 空隙
100 弯曲横梁
102 薄片
104 凹陷部
106 凸起部

Claims (3)

1.用于内燃机(2)的凸轮轴调节器(4),具有定子(20)、以可旋转的方式容纳在定子(20)内的转子(22)、用于相对于定子(20)移调转子(22)的压力室(44)和体积蓄能器(70),该体积蓄能器用于通过压力室(44)与体积蓄能器(70)之间的通道(88)平衡压力室(44)内的真空,其中,止回阀(72)具有用于封闭通道(88)的封闭件(102),该封闭件在凸轮轴调节器(4)内使体积蓄能器(70)向压力室(44)打开,其特征在于,所述止回阀(72)由板材组成,并且所述封闭件(102)以可运动的方式构成在具有两个相对置的边缘(94、96)的所述板材(92)的空隙(98)内,所述边缘彼此相对地弯曲,板材(92)的至少一个弯曲的末端至少部分覆盖封闭件(102),末端用作限制件,其在液压液从空腔(70)进入压力室(44)内的情况下限制封闭件(102)的行程。
2.按权利要求1所述的凸轮轴调节器(4),其中,转子(22)包括轮毂(32)和至少一个从轮毂(32)径向凸起且带有通道(88)的叶片(34),其中,叶片(34)在压力室侧具有槽,通道(88)通入该槽内并且该槽用于容纳止回阀(72)。
3.按权利要求1所述的凸轮轴调节器(4),其中,定子(20)包括环形的外部件(50)和至少一个从环形的外部件(50)径向向内凸起且带有通道(88)的叶片状的扇形段(52),其中,扇形段(52)在压力室侧具有槽,通道(88)通入该槽内并且该槽用于容纳止回阀(72)。
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DE102017101243A1 (de) 2017-01-24 2018-07-26 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Hydraulischer Nockenwellenversteller mit Druckausgleichsmechanismus
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