CN103243245B - High-strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and an application thereof. Especially, the material has higher plasticity and strength, and heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and impact resistance after being subjected to thermal treatment. The alloy material comprises the following chemical ingredient composition by weight percent: 11.0-12.0% of Si, 0.2% of Fe, 0.2% of Cu, 0.5-0.8% of Mn, 0.1% of Mg, 0.5% of Zn, 0.1-0.2% of Ti, and the balance of Al. The alloy in a die-cast state when applied to the field of automotive industry has pretty high strength and high plasticity, and can be enhanced by thermal treatment; the material can be used at pretty high environment temperature; and when a product needs pretty large deformation, for example, when the product is press-fitted and riveted, the material needs to be subjected to stabilizing treatment to eliminate residual stress of the material so that the material has stable mechanical property and size property, is unlikely to age, keeps pretty long service life, and improves the efficiency of a motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy materials, particularly a kind of high strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof, larger plasticity and strength products is required for automobile component, if when this material at high temperature uses, and during product needed moderate finite deformation, need to carry out stabilization treatment, to eliminate the unrelieved stress of material, make it have stable mechanical property and dimensional performance.
Background technology
Along with the development of automobile industry, the development in automotive light weight technology market, require under as cast condition, obtain desirable performance mainly promising, with regard to an urgent demand, we find new material alloys like this, adapt to new requirement.Current U.S. A413 aluminum alloy materials is widely used, and the main element of this material is Si element, and be conducive to plasticity, other elements are impurity element.And Fe content controls within the scope of 0.5-0.7% in daily production, Fe prevents mucous membrane in press casting procedure, and Fe itself also has certain refining effect, but a large amount of Fe easily forms FeAl3 phase and β (AlFeSi) phase of needle-like, reduce alloy strength, especially the unit elongation of alloy reduces greatly.In order to eliminate the deleterious effect of Fe, add a small amount of Mn.When Cu element controls as impurity element, when Cu content is less than 0.3%, the intensity of product is not high, causes product to occur crackle, distortion seriously when applying power when press-fiting.
In order to improve alloy strength, Cu content control 0.4-0.7%, such alloy strength improves, but product uneven microstructure in the as-cast condition, press-fit in process often make product rupture or there is seminess, so need to carry out stabilization treatment, so just increase cost, lose time, press-fiting test torsion also has problem sometimes.
In order to solve these problems above, novel material must be worked out and can replace A413 material, and can solve A413 die casting alloy part press-fiting in process there is seminess, or there is scaling phenomenon, us are so just forced to work out a kind of material that can use in the as-cast condition, can heat-treat intensive treatment, this alloy uses under being also applicable to high temperature, if needing to press-fit preferably carries out stabilizing aging process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof, mainly solve the problem existing for above-mentioned prior art, it can carry out riveting and press-fiting operation in the as-cast condition, also alloy strength and plasticity is changed by thermal treatment, and this alloy uses under being applicable to high temperature, this material can be widely used in the production and application of aluminium diecasting.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme.
A kind of high strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material, is characterized in that: the chemical composition of this alloy material is composed as follows:
| Composition | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Zn | Ti | Al |
| % by weight | 11.0—12.0 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5-0.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.10—0.20 | Surplus |
In alloy of the present invention, Fe content controls below 0.20%, which reduce FeAl3 phase to produce with AlFeSi phase, be conducive to improving alloy strength and unit elongation, but the easy mucous membrane of so low Fe content, be unfavorable for formed product, this alloy is by carrying high Mn content, make up the easy mucous membrane of the low die casting of Fe content, Mn content controls at 0.5-0.8%, effectively solve product mucosa events, the increase of Mn content also helps puies forward heavy alloyed thermotolerance, heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity can be put forward, improve the erosion resistance of alloy, impelling strength and bending property, the temperature that alloy grain is grown up can be improved, be conducive to product so at high temperature to use, and be conducive to product riveted joint and press-fit, also Cu element is entered in this alloy, make to there is CuAl2 strengthening phase in alloy, be conducive to the intensity increasing alloy, Cu element is also conducive to the plastic forming of alloy, add Mn, Cu two kinds of elements to be more conducive to improving unit elongation simultaneously, and be conducive to the crystal grain improving annealing goods, turn increase the increase of Ti content in this alloy and be conducive to crystal grain thinning, although die casting is that moment is shaping, fine microstructures, eutectic is tiny, adds this fining agent of Al-Ti-B, more can improve thinning effect.So this material not only has good mechanical property in the as-cast condition, and this alloy also has heat treatment reinforcement effect.
Above-mentioned high strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material press-fit and the application in riveted joint at die casting, the product of this material manufacture can be press-fited in the as-cast condition, also can press-fit after thermal treatment; Stabilizing aging process will be carried out in this manufacture course of products, concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilizes product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 DEG C/8H ageing treatment, product tissue and dimensional stabilizing can be ensured like this, reduce internal stress.
Product can press-fit in the as-cast condition and also can press-fit after thermal treatment, preferably carries out stabilizing aging process.Concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilizes product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 DEG C/8H ageing treatment.Product tissue and dimensional stabilizing can be ensured like this, reduce internal stress.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is A413 (1#) alloy material metallographic structure figure.
Fig. 2 is A413(2#) alloy material metallographic structure figure.
Fig. 3 is the alloy material metallographic structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of high strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material, by comparing with existing A413 aluminum alloy materials, propose this high performance material, this material has heat-treatable strengthened effect, has high-ductility, intensity, thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength.More be conducive to die casting riveted joint after the stabilized process of this alloy material and press-fit.
Present invention focuses on to invent a kind of high strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material, this alloy has high strength and plasticity in the as-cast condition, and can change product performance by thermal treatment, and this alloy is more conducive to press-fiting.
Compare below by way of with existing A413 material composition formula, the effect of present invention process is described.
1, chemical composition analysis:
Chemically comparison of ingredients: the embodiment of the present invention and A413(1#) and A413(2#) the alloy key distinction be the Cu content in alloy, A413(2#) material is at A413(1#) material increases Cu content to about 0.5%, make in alloy, to there is CuAl2 strengthening phase, be conducive to the intensity increasing alloy, Cu element is also conducive to the plastic forming of alloy, in A413 alloy standard, Fe content is below 1.3, Fe must control below 0.8 by current aluminium diecast alloy, exist to prevent needle-like FeAl3 phase, needle-like FeAl3 phase not only can reduce alloy strength, and alloy plasticity can be made greatly to reduce, it is the harmful phase in alloy, Fe content can not be too low, if Fe content is less than 0.5%, with regard to easy mucous membrane in press casting procedure, be unfavorable for formed product, so Fe controls within the scope of 0.5-0.8 by current International Die Casting industry, reduce the FeAl3 phase of needle-like, but also there will be a small amount of FeAl3 or AlFeSi phase, reduce alloy strength and plasticity and fatigue property, so the plasticity of this bi-material is all not too high.
The alloy of the embodiment of the present invention and A413(2#) alloy phase ratio, master control elements Si, Cu content are substantially the same, and unique difference is alloy Fe, Ti content of the present invention.Alloy Fe content of the present invention controls 0.20%, which reduces FeAl3 phase and produces with AlFeSi phase, is conducive to improving alloy strength and plasticity.Alloy of the present invention is by the raising of Mn content, make up the easy mucous membrane of the low die casting of Fe content, Mn content controls at 0.5-0.8%, is conducive to putting forward heavy alloyed thermotolerance, improves alloy strength and plasticity, improve erosion resistance, impelling strength and bending property, add the intensity that Cu is also conducive to increasing alloy simultaneously, be conducive to the plastic forming of alloy, increase Cu, Mn element to be both conducive to improving alloy strength and to be also conducive to improving unit elongation simultaneously, and improve annealing goods crystal grain; The increase of Ti content is conducive to crystal grain thinning, although be that moment is shaping at die casting, organize very tiny, adds this fining agent of Al-Ti-B, more can improve thinning effect.From analytical results: alloy of the present invention is than A413(2#) intensity of alloy and plasticity all high, and there is high thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength.
While alloy of the present invention has high-ductility and intensity, also have good thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength, such alloy material is also applicable at high temperature using, and is used in the high die-cast product of plasticity requirements and uses.
Above-mentioned high strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material press-fit and the application in riveted joint at die casting, and product can press-fit in the as-cast condition and also can press-fit after thermal treatment, preferably carries out stabilizing aging process.Concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilizes product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 DEG C/8H ageing treatment.Product tissue and dimensional stabilizing can be ensured like this, reduce internal stress.
2, performance analysis
Contrast discussion is carried out by comparing 3 kinds of difference in material properties with tensile tests at room performance test under stabilization treatment state under as-cast condition.Be below test result:
As-cast condition room-temperature property test result
Stabilization treatment room-temperature property test result
From experimental test data: A413(2# in the as-cast condition) than A413(1#) tensile strength of material and yield strength high, unit elongation is basically identical, all meets alloy American Standard B25-03 requirement; But be through stabilization treatment and can find out A413(1#) intensity of material is very low, cannot meet product service requirements, this namely general factory often use A413(2#) material, can room-temperature property be ensured like this, also can ensure applied at elevated temperature performance.
The tensile strength of alloy of the present invention, yield strength, unit elongation are all than A413(1#) and A413(2#) alloy is high, illustrates that this invention material has high strength and high-ductility.Cast article is strength degradation after stabilization treatment, but unit elongation slightly improves, and change is little, and no matter this material is use in the as-cast condition or use under stabilization of state, all has high strength and plasticity, can meet product technology requirement.
Theoretically: stabilizing aging treating processes is along with temperature raises and time lengthening, GP(I), GP(II) stage and the complete coherence of α (Al) matrix, make alloy strengthening, particularly GP(II) stage strengthening effect is maximum, and when the transition phase stage, transition phase and α (Al) matrix not exclusively coherence.Strengthening effect is not as GP(II) stage, until when there is stable phase θ (CuAl2), and the complete incoherence of α (Al) matrix, alloy just softens.Alloy stabilizing aging that Here it is.So just, cause that alloy strength declines to some extent and unit elongation increases, but change is little.
3, the metallographic structure analysis (as Fig. 1-3) after stabilizing aging process.
From metallographic structure: A413(1#) material and A413(2#) material structure is all tiny, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is all in acicular structure, and material structure of the present invention is tiny, the Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys of material of the present invention is than A413(1#) material and A413(2#) material is tiny and some is vermiform, be so more conducive to improving alloy strength and plasticity; And there is part fine particle MnAl in this alloy
6, be so more conducive to improving alloy strength.
4, visual appearance is press-fited
Power large is equally utilized to press-fit, A413(1#) material press-fits in the as-cast condition, and press-fiting conforming product rate is zero substantially, and product occurs a large amount of crackle along corner; After stabilization treatment, product press-fits in process that also to produce corner jagged, and indivedual burr drops phenomenon, and edge is protruding, shows the undercapacity of material.Such product appearance quality is also defective.A413(2#) material press-fits in the as-cast condition, press-fits conforming product rate 60%, and product occurs a large amount of crackle along corner; After stabilization treatment, product press-fits qualification rate 96%, and non-border is protruding, shows that the intensity of material meets the demands.Alloy of the present invention press-fits qualification rate 92% in the as-cast condition, and individual product occurs a small amount of crackle along corner, and after stabilized process, product press-fits qualification rate 99.8%.Crackle is mainly because the unrelieved stress in material causes.After stabilization treatment, can eliminate unrelieved stress, make product homogeneous microstructure like this, alloy of the present invention meets this and press-fits operation appearance requirement.
5, torsional test is press-fited
After the stabilized process of product of three kinds of materials, press-fit, press-fit finished product through torsional test, test result can find out A413(1#) alloy product great majority can not meet the demands, and A413(2#) and alloy material of the present invention all meet torque requiremnt, due to A413(2#) and the tensile strength of alloy of the present invention and yield strength high, and A413(1#) intensity reduces after stabilized process.
More than analyze and show that this alloy is heat-treatable strengthened alloy, there is higher-strength and plasticity, there is thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength; Be applicable at high temperature using, if product needed press-fits preferably carry out stabilization treatment, can unrelieved stress be eliminated like this, homogeneous microstructure, be conducive to press-fiting, so this material can meet the requirement of aluminium alloy press-loading process.
Superiority of the present invention and positive effect:
1, material of the present invention is heat-treatable strengthened, has higher-strength and plasticity, has thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength.This alloy reduces Fe content, is conducive to like this improving alloy strength and plasticity, and important is improve alloy plasticity; Mn(0.5-0.8% is added in alloy), be conducive to putting forward heavy alloyed thermotolerance, intensity, plasticity, erosion resistance, impelling strength and bending property, add the intensity that Cu is also conducive to increasing alloy simultaneously, be conducive to the plastic forming of alloy.
2, alloy of the present invention is applicable at high temperature using, if product needed press-fits, preferably carry out stabilization treatment, stabilizing treatment technique is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilize product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 DEG C/8H ageing treatment, this process advan is in eliminating in castingprocesses the unrelieved stress produced, homogeneous microstructure is stablized, and keeps higher-strength and good plasticity.
In sum, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not used for limiting practical range of the present invention, namely all equivalences done according to the content of the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should be technology category of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a high-strength plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material, is characterized in that: the chemical composition of this alloy material is composed as follows:
。
2. high-strength plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material as claimed in claim 1 press-fits and the application in riveted joint at die casting, the product of this material manufacture can be press-fited in the as-cast condition, also can press-fit after thermal treatment; Stabilizing aging process will be carried out in this manufacture course of products, concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilizes product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 DEG C/8H ageing treatment, can ensure product tissue and dimensional stabilizing like this, reduce internal stress.
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| CN106191568A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of easy anodised corrosion-resistant pack alloy |
| CN106191566A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of pack alloy |
| CN106191567A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy |
| CN106244865A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | The aluminium alloy that a kind of surface property is good |
| CN108286000A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-17 | 深圳市铭利达精密机械有限公司 | A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy material |
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| JPH0841575A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1996-02-13 | Alum Rheinfelden Gmbh | Die cast alloy |
| CN101709415A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-05-19 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Die-cast aluminum alloy material and method for preparing same |
| JP2011208253A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Aluminum die-cast alloy for vehicle material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0841575A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1996-02-13 | Alum Rheinfelden Gmbh | Die cast alloy |
| CN101709415A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-05-19 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Die-cast aluminum alloy material and method for preparing same |
| JP2011208253A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Aluminum die-cast alloy for vehicle material |
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