CN103243245A - High-strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-strength and high-plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and an application thereof. Especially, the material has higher plasticity and strength, and heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and impact resistance after being subjected to thermal treatment. The alloy material comprises the following chemical ingredient composition by weight percent: 11.0-12.0% of Si, 0.2% of Fe, 0.2% of Cu, 0.5-0.8% of Mn, 0.1% of Mg, 0.5% of Zn, 0.1-0.2% of Ti, and the balance of Al. The alloy in a die-cast state when applied to the field of automotive industry has pretty high strength and high plasticity, and can be enhanced by thermal treatment; the material can be used at pretty high environment temperature; and when a product needs pretty large deformation, for example, when the product is press-fitted and riveted, the material needs to be subjected to stabilizing treatment to eliminate residual stress of the material so that the material has stable mechanical property and size property, is unlikely to age, keeps pretty long service life, and improves the efficiency of a motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy materials, particularly a kind of high strength and plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof, be used for automobile component and require to have big plasticity and intensity product, when if this material at high temperature uses, and during the product needed moderate finite deformation, need carry out stabilization treatment, to eliminate the unrelieved stress of material, make it have stable mechanical property and dimensional performance.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of automobile industry, the development in automobile lightweight market, it is promising main to require to obtain perfect performance under as cast condition, and we find new material alloys with regard to an urgent demand like this, adapt to new requirement.U.S. A413 aluminum alloy materials is widely used at present, and the main element of this material is the Si element, is conducive to plasticity, and other elements are impurity element.And Fe content is controlled in the 0.5-0.7% scope in the daily production, Fe prevents mucous membrane in press casting procedure, Fe itself also has certain refining effect, but the FeAl3 that a large amount of Fe easily forms needle-like mutually with β (AlFeSi) mutually, the unit elongation that reduces alloy strength, especially alloy reduces greatly.In order to eliminate the deleterious effect of Fe, added a spot of Mn.When the Cu element was controlled as impurity element, Cu content was less than 0.3% o'clock, and the intensity of product is not high, caused product crackle, distortion to occur seriously when applying power when press-fiting.
In order to improve alloy strength, Cu content control 0.4-0.7%, alloy strength improves like this, but product is organized inhomogeneous under as-cast condition, in press-fiting the operation process, often make the product fracture or seminess occurs, so need carry out stabilization treatment, so just increase cost, lose time, press-fiting test torsion also has problem sometimes.
In order to solve above these problems, novel material must be worked out and the A413 material can be replaced, and can solve the A413 die casting alloy part and in press-fiting the operation process, seminess occur, the scaling phenomenon perhaps appears, so just force us to work out a kind of material that can under as-cast condition, use, can heat-treat intensive treatment, this alloy also is applicable under the high temperature and uses, and press-fits if desired and preferably carries out the stabilizing aging processing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high strength and plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material and application thereof, mainly solve above-mentioned existing in prior technology problem, it can rivet and press-fit operation under as-cast condition, also can change alloy strength and plasticity by thermal treatment, and this alloy is applicable under the high temperature and uses that this material can be widely used in the production of aluminium diecasting and use.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts.
A kind of high strength and plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of this alloy material is composed as follows:
| Composition | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Zn | Ti | Al |
| Weight % | 11.0—12.0 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5-0.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.10—0.20 | Surplus |
The control of Fe content is below 0.20% in the alloy of the present invention, having reduced FeAl3 like this produces mutually with AlFeSi mutually, be conducive to improve alloy strength and unit elongation, but the so low easy mucous membrane of Fe content, be unfavorable for formed product, this alloy is by improving Mn content, remedy the low easy mucous membrane of die casting of Fe content, the control of Mn content is at 0.5-0.8%, effectively solved product mucous membrane phenomenon, the increase of Mn content also helps the thermotolerance that improves alloy, can improve intensity and the plasticity of alloy, improves the erosion resistance of alloy, impelling strength and bending property, can improve the temperature that alloy grain is grown up, be conducive to product like this and at high temperature use, and be conducive to product riveted joint and press-fit; Also entered the Cu element in this alloy, make to have the CuAl2 strengthening phase in the alloy, be conducive to increase the intensity of alloy, the Cu element also is conducive to the plastic forming of alloy, add two kinds of elements of Mn, Cu simultaneously and more be conducive to improve unit elongation, and be conducive to improve the crystal grain of annealing goods; Increased the increase of Ti content in this alloy again and be conducive to crystal grain thinning, though die casting is the moment moulding, organized tinyly, eutectic is tiny, adds this fining agent of Al-Ti-B, more can improve thinning effect.So this material not only has the good mechanical performance under as-cast condition, and this alloy also has the heat treatment reinforcement effect.
Above-mentioned high strength and plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material die casting press-fit with the riveted joint in application, the product of this material manufacturing can be press-fited under as-cast condition, also can press-fit after the thermal treatment; Will carry out stabilizing aging in this manufacture course of products handles, concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilize the product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 ℃/8H ageing treatment, can guarantee product tissue and dimensional stabilizing like this, reduce internal stress.
Product can press-fit under as-cast condition also and can press-fit after the thermal treatment, preferably carries out stabilizing aging and handles.Concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilize the product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 ℃/8H ageing treatment.Can guarantee product tissue and dimensional stabilizing like this, reduce internal stress.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is A413 (1#) alloy material metallographic structure figure.
Fig. 2 is A413(2#) alloy material metallographic structure figure.
Fig. 3 is the alloy material metallographic structure figure of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of high strength and plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material, by comparing with existing A413 aluminum alloy materials, propose this high performance material, this material has heat-treatable strengthened effect, has high-ductility, intensity, thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength.More be conducive to die casting riveted joint after the stabilized processing of this alloy material and press-fit.
Present invention focuses on to invent a kind of high strength and plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material, this alloy has high strength and plasticity under as-cast condition, and can change product performance by thermal treatment, and this alloy more is conducive to press-fit.
Below by comparing with existing A413 material composition prescription, the effect of technology of the present invention is described.
1, chemical composition analysis:
From chemical ingredients relatively: the embodiment of the invention and A413(1#) and A413(2#) the alloy key distinction is the Cu content the alloy, A413(2#) material is at A413(1#) material increases about Cu content to 0.5%, make and have the CuAl2 strengthening phase in the alloy, be conducive to increase the intensity of alloy, the Cu element also is conducive to the plastic forming of alloy; Fe content is below 1.3 in the A413 alloy standard, aluminium diecast alloy must be with Fe control below 0.8 at present, in order to prevent that needle-like FeAl3 from existing mutually, needle-like FeAl3 not only can reduce alloy strength mutually, and alloy plasticity is reduced greatly, it is the harmful phase in the alloy, Fe content can not be too low, if Fe content is less than 0.5%, and just easy mucous membrane in the press casting procedure, be unfavorable for formed product, so current international die casting industry in the 0.5-0.8 scope, reduces the FeAl3 phase of needle-like with Fe control, but a spot of FeAl3 or AlFeSi phase also can occur, reduce alloy strength and plasticity and fatigue property, so the plasticity of these two kinds of materials is all not too high.
The alloy of the embodiment of the invention and A413(2#) the alloy phase ratio, master control elements Si, Cu content are the same substantially, and unique difference is alloy Fe of the present invention, Ti content.Alloy Fe content control of the present invention has reduced FeAl3 like this and has produced mutually with AlFeSi mutually 0.20%, is conducive to improve alloy strength and plasticity.Alloy of the present invention is by the raising of Mn content, remedy the low easy mucous membrane of die casting of Fe content, the control of Mn content is conducive to improve the thermotolerance of alloy at 0.5-0.8%, improves alloy strength and plasticity, improve erosion resistance, impelling strength and bending property add the intensity that Cu also is conducive to increase alloy simultaneously, are conducive to the plastic forming of alloy, increase Cu simultaneously, the Mn element both had been conducive to improve alloy strength and also had been conducive to improve unit elongation, and improved annealing goods crystal grain; The increase of Ti content is conducive to crystal grain thinning, though be the moment moulding at die casting, organizes very tinyly, adds this fining agent of Al-Ti-B, more can improve thinning effect.From analytical results: alloy of the present invention is than A413(2#) intensity and the plasticity of alloy is all high, and have high thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength.
When alloy of the present invention has high-ductility and intensity, also have good thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength, alloy material also is fit at high temperature use like this, is used in the demanding die-cast product of plasticity and uses.
Above-mentioned high strength and plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material die casting press-fit with riveted joint in application, product can press-fit under as-cast condition also and can press-fit after the thermal treatment, preferably carries out stabilizing aging and handles.Concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilize the product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 ℃/8H ageing treatment.Can guarantee product tissue and dimensional stabilizing like this, reduce internal stress.
2, performance analysis
By under the as-cast condition and the stabilization treatment state under 3 kinds of difference in material properties of tensile tests at room performance test comparison compare discussion.Below be test result:
As-cast condition room-temperature property test result
Stabilization treatment room-temperature property test result
From the experimental test data: A413(2# under as-cast condition) than A413(1#) tensile strength and the yield strength of material be high, and the unit elongation basically identical all satisfies the U.S. mark of alloy B25-03 requirement; But through stabilization treatment A413(1# as can be seen) intensity of material is very low, can't satisfy the product service requirements, this just general factory often use A413(2#) material, can guarantee room-temperature property like this, also can guarantee the high temperature use properties.
Tensile strength of alloys of the present invention, yield strength, unit elongation are all than A413(1#) and A413(2#) alloy height, illustrate that this invention material has high strength and high-ductility.Cast article is through strength degradation after the stabilization treatment, but unit elongation has raising slightly, changes not quite, and this material all has high strength and plasticity no matter be to use or use under stabilization of state under as-cast condition, can satisfy the product technology requirement.
Theoretically: the stabilizing aging treating processes is along with temperature raises and time lengthening, the GP(I), GP(II) stage and the complete coherence of α (Al) matrix, make alloy strengthening, GP(II particularly) stage strengthening effect maximum, and in transition phase during the stage, transition phase and α (Al) matrix is coherence not exclusively.Strengthening effect is not as the GP(II) stage, when stable phase θ (CuAl2) occurring, and the complete incoherence of α (Al) matrix, alloy is just softening.Alloy stabilizing aging that Here it is.So just, cause alloy strength to descend to some extent and unit elongation increases, but change little.
3, the metallographic structure analysis (as Fig. 1-3) after stabilizing aging is handled.
From metallographic structure: A413(1#) material and A413(2#) material structure is all tiny, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys all is acicular structure, and material structure of the present invention is tiny, the Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys of material of the present invention is than A413(1#) material and A413(2#) material tiny and some be vermiform, so more be conducive to improve alloy strength and plasticity; And there is part fine particle MnAl in this alloy
6, so more be conducive to improve alloy strength.
4, press-fit visual appearance
Utilize same big power to press-fit, A413(1#) material press-fits under as-cast condition, and press-fiting product percent of pass is zero substantially, and a large amount of crackles appear in product along the corner; Through after the stabilization treatment, product press-fits that also can to produce the corner in the process jagged, indivedual burrs phenomenon that drops, and limit portion projection shows the undercapacity of material.The product appearance quality is also defective like this.A413(2#) material press-fits under as-cast condition, press-fits product percent of pass 60%, and a large amount of crackles appear in product along the corner; Through after the stabilization treatment, product press-fits qualification rate 96%, limit portion projection do not occur, shows that the intensity of material meets the demands.Alloy of the present invention press-fits qualification rate 92% under as-cast condition, a small amount of crackle appears in individual product along the corner, and after the stabilized processing, product press-fits qualification rate 99.8%.Crackle mainly is because the unrelieved stress in the material causes.Through after the stabilization treatment, can eliminate unrelieved stress, make the product homogeneous microstructure like this, alloy of the present invention satisfies this and press-fits the requirement of operation visual appearance.
5, press-fit torsional test
After the stabilized processing of the product of three kinds of materials, press-fit, press-fit finished product through torsional test, test result is A413(1# as can be seen) the alloy product great majority can not meet the demands, and A413(2#) and alloy material of the present invention all satisfy the torsion requirement, because A413(2#) and tensile strength of alloys of the present invention and yield strength height, and A413(1#) intensity reduction after the stabilized processing.
This alloy of above analysis revealed is heat-treatable strengthened alloy, has higher-strength and plasticity, has thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength; Be fit at high temperature use, preferably carry out stabilization treatment if product needed press-fits, can eliminate unrelieved stress like this, homogeneous microstructure is conducive to press-fit, so this material can satisfy the requirement of aluminium alloy press-loading process.
Superiority of the present invention and positive effect:
1, material of the present invention is heat-treatable strengthened, has higher-strength and plasticity, has thermotolerance, erosion resistance, impelling strength.This alloy has reduced Fe content, is conducive to improve alloy strength and plasticity like this, and important is to improve alloy plasticity; Add Mn(0.5-0.8% in the alloy), be conducive to improve thermotolerance, intensity, plasticity, the erosion resistance of alloy, impelling strength and bending property add the intensity that Cu also is conducive to increase alloy simultaneously, are conducive to the plastic forming of alloy.
2, alloy of the present invention is fit at high temperature use, if product needed press-fits, preferably carry out stabilization treatment, stabilizing treatment technique is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilize the product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 ℃/8H ageing treatment, this technology is conducive to eliminate the unrelieved stress that produces in the castingprocesses, make homogeneous microstructure stable, and keep higher-strength and good plasticity.
In sum, be preferred embodiment of the present invention only, be not to limit practical range of the present invention, i.e. all equivalences of doing according to the content of the present patent application claim change and modify, and all should be technology category of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. high-strength plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material, it is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of this alloy material is composed as follows:
。
A high-strength plasticity die-cast aluminum alloy material as claimed in claim 1 die casting press-fit with riveted joint in application, the product of this material manufacturing can be press-fited under as-cast condition, also can press-fit after the thermal treatment; Will carry out stabilizing aging in this manufacture course of products handles, concrete stabilizing aging treatment process is: take out from pressure die-casting machine, utilize the product waste heat to carry out shrend, after carry out 230 ℃/8H ageing treatment, can guarantee product tissue and dimensional stabilizing like this, reduce internal stress.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106191568A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of easy anodised corrosion-resistant pack alloy |
| CN106191566A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of pack alloy |
| CN106191567A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy |
| CN106244865A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | The aluminium alloy that a kind of surface property is good |
| CN108286000A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-17 | 深圳市铭利达精密机械有限公司 | A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy material |
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| JPH0841575A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1996-02-13 | Alum Rheinfelden Gmbh | Die cast alloy |
| CN101709415A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-05-19 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Die-cast aluminum alloy material and method for preparing same |
| JP2011208253A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Aluminum die-cast alloy for vehicle material |
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2013
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH0841575A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1996-02-13 | Alum Rheinfelden Gmbh | Die cast alloy |
| CN101709415A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-05-19 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Die-cast aluminum alloy material and method for preparing same |
| JP2011208253A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Aluminum die-cast alloy for vehicle material |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106191568A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of easy anodised corrosion-resistant pack alloy |
| CN106191566A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of pack alloy |
| CN106191567A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy |
| CN106244865A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 清远市顺博铝合金有限公司 | The aluminium alloy that a kind of surface property is good |
| CN108286000A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-17 | 深圳市铭利达精密机械有限公司 | A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy material |
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