CN103243199A - Induction furnace and process for refining extra-low-carbon stainless steel by adopting same - Google Patents
Induction furnace and process for refining extra-low-carbon stainless steel by adopting same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103243199A CN103243199A CN2013102056454A CN201310205645A CN103243199A CN 103243199 A CN103243199 A CN 103243199A CN 2013102056454 A CN2013102056454 A CN 2013102056454A CN 201310205645 A CN201310205645 A CN 201310205645A CN 103243199 A CN103243199 A CN 103243199A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an induction furnace which comprises a furnace shell, a furnace bottom and a furnace lining, wherein the furnace bottom and the furnace lining are arranged in the furnace shell; the outer wall of the furnace lining is provided with an induction coil, the bottom end of the furnace lining is provided with an air-permeable brick and a bottom pouring pipe, and the upper end of the furnace lining is detachably provided with a vacuum cover; and the vacuum cover is connected with a vacuum pump. The invention also discloses a process for refining extra-low-carbon stainless steel by adopting the induction furnace, and the process comprises the following steps of: a, selecting materials; b, melting; c, measuring; d, carrying out AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization) refining; e, transferring; f, primarily refining; g, finally deoxidizing; h, secondarily refining; and i, tapping. The induction furnace disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of low cost, high benefit and high decarburization rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of induction furnace and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel.
Background technology
Stainless steel is to present passive state, anti-corrosion and rustless High Chrome Alloy Steel in corrosive mediums such as atmosphere and acid, alkali, salt.
At present, the AOD method is adopted in stainless refining usually, i.e. argon-oxygen-decarburization process, though the rate of recovery of this kind method Cr is higher, but reach 98%, but still have following shortcoming:
1, reduce with carbon content in the steel, the oxidation of chromium obviously increases;
2, at the very low refining stage of carbon concentration, continue nitrogen flushing reduction carbon monoxide pressure of tension and realize that the purpose of decarburization is restricted;
3, the argon gas consumption is too big, and its cost accounts for 20% of whole AOD smelting cost.
In view of the above problems, part producer transforms the AOD method, takes full advantage of when the AOD method is powerful to stir usefulness the addition of vacuum function.As shown in Figure 1, be improved vacuum refining furnace, it is furnished with the vacuum apparatus of high exhaust, a vapor jet pump and four water-ring pumps and forms, the top is provided with movable vacuum cover 11, the refining stainless steel is divided into two stages, and the fs is the refining of AOD method, under atmospheric pressure by bottom tuyeres to the bath lancing argon mixture gas, the argon flow is 48～52 cubic metres of per minutes, reaches 0.1% until the molten steel carbon containing; Subordinate phase is the vacuum oven refining stage, when carbon content≤0.1%, stops oxygen blast, covers vacuum cover 11, is blown into argon gas by bottom tuyeres in the molten bath under the vacuum of 20.00～26.66kPa, and flow is 20～30 cubic metres of per minutes.Under vacuum action, rely on the further decarburization of fixed oxygen in dissolved oxygen and the slag, bath temperature descends 50～70 ℃. and production is the result show, adopt this kind mode to replace AOD method refining stainless steel, the consumption of argon gas reduces 81.5%～83%, the consumption of silicon descends 12.8%～36.4%, is 2 times of AOD method at low-carbon (LC) district decarbonization rate constant.
Yet, aforesaid method is normally finished in common refining furnace, it exists rate of heating slow, heat inhomogeneous, the production cost height, production efficiency is low, oxidation and decarbonization is many, the problem that environmental pollution is big, and adopt stainless steel hydrogen content, the nitrogen content of the refining of this kind production technique higher, can't satisfy the requirement of high-end product on the market.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of induction furnace and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel, adopt common refining furnace refining stainless steel rate of heating slow to solve, heat inhomogeneous, the production cost height, production efficiency is low, and oxidation and decarbonization is many, the problem that environmental pollution is big, and adopt stainless steel hydrogen content, the nitrogen content of above-mentioned production technique refining higher, can't satisfy the requirement of high-end product on the market.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of induction furnace, comprise furnace shell and be arranged at furnace shell interior furnace bottom, furnace lining, the outer wall of described furnace lining is provided with induction coil, and the bottom of furnace lining is provided with gas permeable brick and rising pouring pipe, the dismountable vacuum (-tight) housing that is provided with in the upper end of described furnace lining, described vacuum (-tight) housing is connected with vacuum pump.
A kind of technology that adopts induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel may further comprise the steps:
A, select materials: select carbon content≤0.08%, the stainless steel returns of surface after purifying treatment are as furnace charge;
B, molten clear: furnace charge is added induction just melt in the furnace, make furnace charge all molten clear;
C, mensuration: detect the chemical ingredients in the molten steel of molten clear back, adjust the carbon content in the molten steel, make behind carbon content≤0.1%, measure carbon content, oxygen level in the molten steel;
D, AOD refining: according to the C that measures and the content ratio of O, carry out furnace roof oxygen blast argon mixture gas, replenish the oxygen level in the molten steel, make that the ratio of oxygen level and carbon content is 3:1 in the molten steel, molten steel per ton is blown into oxygen argon mixture gas 30L/min, the volume ratio of oxygen, argon gas is 1:1 in the described oxygen argon mixture gas, and molten steel temperature is controlled at 1630～1650 ℃;
E, transfer: the molten steel after responding to furnace processing just is transferred in the induction refining stove;
F, initial refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1630～1650 ℃ and insulation, carry out the furnace bottom Argon and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, cover vacuum (-tight) housing simultaneously, vacuumize, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 48～52KPa, behind the maintenance 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 28～32KPa, after keeping 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 18～22KPa, keep 5min;
G, final deoxygenation: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when carbon content in the molten steel≤0.005%, vacuum breaker, and proceed the furnace bottom blowing argon gas, add reductor simultaneously;
H, secondary refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1630～1650 ℃ and insulation, carry out the furnace bottom Argon and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, covers vacuum (-tight) housing simultaneously, vacuumizes, and being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 8～12KPa, keeps 5min;
I, tapping: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when hydrogen richness in the molten steel≤0.0001%, stop to vacuumize, and proceed the furnace bottom blowing argon gas, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 10L/min, after argon gas is full of the induction refining stove, molten steel is derived cooled and solidified from furnace bottom.
Further, adopt ladle that molten steel is shifted among the described step e.
Further, among the described step f, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 50KPa, behind the maintenance 5min, reduces vacuum tightness to 30KPa, behind the maintenance 5min, reduces vacuum tightness to 20KPa, keeps 5min.
Further, among the described step h, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 10KPa, keeps 5min.
Further, in the described step I, molten steel is exported to cooled and solidified in the water mold that is filled with argon gas by the rising pouring pipe of furnace bottom, guarantee the high-cleanness, high of molten steel in the tapping process, secondary oxidation is not air-breathing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: described a kind of induction furnace and to adopt the stainless steel returns of process using carbon content≤0.08% surface after purifying treatment of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel be raw material, through molten clear, measure, the AOD refining, shift, initial refining, final deoxygenation, secondary refining, tapping, the carbon content that makes≤0.005%, hydrogen content≤0.0001%, nitrogen content≤0.005%, satisfied the requirement of high-end product on the market, and it adopts induction furnace refining, it is fast to have rate of heating, homogeneous heating, and production cost is low, the production efficiency height, oxidation and decarbonization is few, and the characteristics that environmental pollution is little, suitability for industrialized are promoted and new industry development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vacuum refining furnace structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of induction furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of induction furnace of the present invention and the process flow sheet that adopts the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel.
Among the figure:
1, furnace shell; 2, furnace bottom; 3, induction coil; 4, furnace lining; 5, vacuum (-tight) housing; 6, rising pouring pipe; 7, gas permeable brick; 11, vacuum cover.
Embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment.
See also shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of induction furnace of the present invention, induction furnace comprises furnace shell 1 and is arranged at furnace bottom 2, furnace lining 4 in the furnace shell 1, the outer wall of described furnace lining 4 is provided with induction coil 3, and the bottom of furnace lining 4 is provided with gas permeable brick 7 and rising pouring pipe 6, the dismountable vacuum (-tight) housing 5 that is provided with in the upper end of described furnace lining 4, described vacuum (-tight) housing 5 is connected with vacuum pump.
See also shown in Figure 3ly, Fig. 3 is for a kind of induction furnace of the present invention and adopt the process flow sheet of the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel.
In present embodiment, a kind of induction furnace and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel may further comprise the steps:
A, select materials: select carbon content≤0.08%, the stainless steel returns of surface after purifying treatment are as furnace charge;
B, molten clear: furnace charge is added induction just melt in the furnace, make furnace charge all molten clear;
C, mensuration: detect the chemical ingredients in the molten steel of molten clear back, adjust the carbon content in the molten steel, make behind carbon content≤0.1%, measure carbon content, oxygen level in the molten steel;
D, AOD refining: according to the C that measures and the content ratio of O, carry out furnace roof oxygen blast argon mixture gas, replenish the oxygen level in the molten steel, make that the ratio of oxygen level and carbon content is 3:1 in the molten steel, molten steel per ton is blown into oxygen argon mixture gas 30L/min, the volume ratio of oxygen, argon gas is 1:1 in the described oxygen argon mixture gas, and molten steel temperature is controlled at 1640 ℃;
E, transfer: adopt ladle that the molten steel after responding to furnace processing just is transferred in the induction refining stove;
F, initial refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1640 ℃ and insulation, carry out the furnace bottom Argon and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, cover vacuum (-tight) housing 5 simultaneously, vacuumize, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 50KPa, behind the maintenance 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 30KPa, after keeping 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 20KPa, keep 5min;
G, final deoxygenation: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when carbon content in the molten steel≤0.005%, vacuum breaker, and proceed the furnace bottom blowing argon gas, add reductor simultaneously;
H, secondary refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1640 ℃ and insulation, carry out furnace bottom 2 Argons and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, covers vacuum (-tight) housing 5 simultaneously, vacuumizes, and being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 10KPa, keeps 5min;
I, tapping: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when hydrogen richness in the molten steel≤0.0001%, stop to vacuumize, and proceed furnace bottom 2 blowing argon gas, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 10L/min, after argon gas is full of the induction refining stove, molten steel is exported to cooled and solidified in the water mold that is filled with argon gas by the rising pouring pipe 6 of furnace bottom 2.
Adopt the product of above-mentioned explained hereafter, its key technical indexes can reach:
(1) carbon content≤0.005%;
(2) hydrogen richness≤0.0001%;
(3) N content≤0.005%;
(4) time≤20min, the cycle is short;
In present embodiment, a kind of induction furnace and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel may further comprise the steps:
A, select materials: select carbon content≤0.08%, the stainless steel returns of surface after purifying treatment are as furnace charge;
B, molten clear: furnace charge is added induction just melt in the furnace, make furnace charge all molten clear;
C, mensuration: detect the chemical ingredients in the molten steel of molten clear back, adjust the carbon content in the molten steel, make behind carbon content≤0.1%, measure carbon content, oxygen level in the molten steel;
D, AOD refining: according to the C that measures and the content ratio of O, carry out furnace roof oxygen blast argon mixture gas, replenish the oxygen level in the molten steel, make that the ratio of oxygen level and carbon content is 3:1 in the molten steel, molten steel per ton is blown into oxygen argon mixture gas 30L/min, the volume ratio of oxygen, argon gas is 1:1 in the described oxygen argon mixture gas, and molten steel temperature is controlled at 1630 ℃;
E, transfer: adopt ladle that the molten steel after responding to furnace processing just is transferred in the induction refining stove;
F, initial refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1630 ℃ and insulation, carry out the furnace bottom Argon and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, cover vacuum (-tight) housing 5 simultaneously, vacuumize, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 48KPa, behind the maintenance 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 28KPa, after keeping 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 18KPa, keep 5min;
G, final deoxygenation: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when carbon content in the molten steel≤0.005%, vacuum breaker, and proceed the furnace bottom blowing argon gas, add reductor simultaneously;
H, secondary refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1630 ℃ and insulation, carry out furnace bottom 2 Argons and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, covers vacuum (-tight) housing 5 simultaneously, vacuumizes, and being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 8KPa, keeps 5min;
I, tapping: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when hydrogen richness in the molten steel≤0.0001%, stop to vacuumize, and proceed furnace bottom 2 blowing argon gas, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 10L/min, after argon gas is full of the induction refining stove, molten steel is exported to cooled and solidified in the water mold that is filled with argon gas by the rising pouring pipe 6 of furnace bottom 2.
Adopt the product of above-mentioned explained hereafter, its key technical indexes can reach:
(1) carbon content≤0.005%;
(2) hydrogen richness≤0.0001%;
(3) N content≤0.005%;
(4) time≤20min, the cycle is short;
In present embodiment, a kind of induction furnace and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel may further comprise the steps:
A, select materials: select carbon content≤0.08%, the stainless steel returns of surface after purifying treatment are as furnace charge;
B, molten clear: furnace charge is added induction just melt in the furnace, make furnace charge all molten clear;
C, mensuration: detect the chemical ingredients in the molten steel of molten clear back, adjust the carbon content in the molten steel, make behind carbon content≤0.1%, measure carbon content, oxygen level in the molten steel;
D, AOD refining: according to the C that measures and the content ratio of O, carry out furnace roof oxygen blast argon mixture gas, replenish the oxygen level in the molten steel, make that the ratio of oxygen level and carbon content is 3:1 in the molten steel, molten steel per ton is blown into oxygen argon mixture gas 30L/min, the volume ratio of oxygen, argon gas is 1:1 in the described oxygen argon mixture gas, and molten steel temperature is controlled at 1650 ℃;
E, transfer: adopt ladle that the molten steel after responding to furnace processing just is transferred in the induction refining stove;
F, initial refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1650 ℃ and insulation, carry out the furnace bottom Argon and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, cover vacuum (-tight) housing 5 simultaneously, vacuumize, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 52KPa, behind the maintenance 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 32KPa, after keeping 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 22KPa, keep 5min;
G, final deoxygenation: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when carbon content in the molten steel≤0.005%, vacuum breaker, and proceed the furnace bottom blowing argon gas, add reductor simultaneously;
H, secondary refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1650 ℃ and insulation, carry out furnace bottom 2 Argons and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, covers vacuum (-tight) housing 5 simultaneously, vacuumizes, and being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 12KPa, keeps 5min;
I, tapping: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when hydrogen richness in the molten steel≤0.0001%, stop to vacuumize, and proceed furnace bottom 2 blowing argon gas, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 10L/min, after argon gas is full of the induction refining stove, molten steel is exported to cooled and solidified in the water mold that is filled with argon gas by the rising pouring pipe 6 of furnace bottom 2.
Adopt the product of above-mentioned explained hereafter, its key technical indexes can reach:
(1) carbon content≤0.005%;
(2) hydrogen richness≤0.0001%;
(3) N content≤0.005%;
(4) time≤20min, the cycle is short;
Above embodiment has just set forth ultimate principle of the present invention and characteristic; the present invention is not limited by above-described embodiment; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various variations and change, and these variations and change all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. induction furnace, comprise furnace shell and be arranged at furnace shell interior furnace bottom, furnace lining, the outer wall of described furnace lining is provided with induction coil, and the bottom of furnace lining is provided with gas permeable brick and rising pouring pipe, it is characterized in that: the dismountable vacuum (-tight) housing that is provided with in the upper end of described furnace lining, described vacuum (-tight) housing is connected with vacuum pump.
2. technology that adopts the described induction furnace refining utmost point of claim 1 low carbon stainless steel is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
A, select materials: select carbon content≤0.08%, the stainless steel returns of surface after purifying treatment are as furnace charge;
B, molten clear: furnace charge is added induction just melt in the furnace, make furnace charge all molten clear;
C, mensuration: detect the chemical ingredients in the molten steel of molten clear back, adjust the carbon content in the molten steel, make behind carbon content≤0.1%, measure carbon content, oxygen level in the molten steel;
D, AOD refining: according to the C that measures and the content ratio of O, carry out furnace roof oxygen blast argon mixture gas, replenish the oxygen level in the molten steel, make that the ratio of oxygen level and carbon content is 3:1 in the molten steel, molten steel per ton is blown into oxygen argon mixture gas 30L/min, the volume ratio of oxygen, argon gas is 1:1 in the described oxygen argon mixture gas, and molten steel temperature is controlled at 1630～1650 ℃;
E, transfer: the molten steel after responding to furnace processing just is transferred in the induction refining stove;
F, initial refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1630～1650 ℃ and insulation, carry out the furnace bottom Argon and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, cover vacuum (-tight) housing simultaneously, vacuumize, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 48～52KPa, behind the maintenance 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 28～32KPa, after keeping 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 18～22KPa, keep 5min;
G, final deoxygenation: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when carbon content in the molten steel≤0.005%, vacuum breaker, and proceed the furnace bottom blowing argon gas, add reductor simultaneously;
H, secondary refining: heat up, make molten steel temperature rise to 1630～1650 ℃ and insulation, carry out the furnace bottom Argon and stir, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 5L/min, covers vacuum (-tight) housing simultaneously, vacuumizes, and being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 8～12KPa, keeps 5min;
I, tapping: detect chemical ingredients in the molten steel, when hydrogen richness in the molten steel≤0.0001%, stop to vacuumize, and proceed the furnace bottom blowing argon gas, molten steel per ton is blown into argon gas 10L/min, after argon gas is full of the induction refining stove, molten steel is derived cooled and solidified from furnace bottom.
3. a kind of induction furnace according to claim 2 and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel is characterized in that: adopt ladle that molten steel is shifted among the described step e.
4. a kind of induction furnace according to claim 2 and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel, it is characterized in that: among the described step f, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 50KPa, after keeping 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 30KPa, after keeping 5min, reduce vacuum tightness to 20KPa, keep 5min.
5. a kind of induction furnace according to claim 2 and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel, it is characterized in that: among the described step h, being evacuated to vacuum tightness is 10KPa, keeps 5min.
6. a kind of induction furnace according to claim 2 and adopt the technology of this induction furnace refining utmost point low carbon stainless steel is characterized in that: in the described step I, molten steel is exported to cooled and solidified in the water mold that is filled with argon gas by the rising pouring pipe of furnace bottom.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040394A (en) * | 1989-10-05 | 1990-03-14 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | A kind of new smelting device |
| JPH0776715A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-03-20 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Decarburization of carbon-containing metallic melt |
| CN101818232A (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2010-09-01 | 董玉银 | Method for producing extra-low-carbon stainless steel by vacuum induction refining |
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- 2013-05-27 CN CN2013102056454A patent/CN103243199A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040394A (en) * | 1989-10-05 | 1990-03-14 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | A kind of new smelting device |
| JPH0776715A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-03-20 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Decarburization of carbon-containing metallic melt |
| CN101818232A (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2010-09-01 | 董玉银 | Method for producing extra-low-carbon stainless steel by vacuum induction refining |
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Application publication date: 20130814 |