CN103242873B - Pyrolyzer - Google Patents
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- CN103242873B CN103242873B CN201310210534.2A CN201310210534A CN103242873B CN 103242873 B CN103242873 B CN 103242873B CN 201310210534 A CN201310210534 A CN 201310210534A CN 103242873 B CN103242873 B CN 103242873B
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Abstract
The invention provides a pyrolyzer. The pyrolyzer comprises a pyrolyzer body and a filtering device, wherein the pyrolyzer body comprises a shell as well as a feeding hole, a discharging hole and a gas outlet hole which are formed on the shell; the filtering device comprises a shell as well as a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are formed on the shell, and the gas inlet is communicated with the gas outlet hole; and the filtering device also comprises a filter assembly arranged between the gas inlet and the gas outlet, and the filter assembly is filled with a particle material layer used for filtering gas introduced from the gas inlet. By applying the pyrolyzer, after a mixed gaseous product produced by pyrolysis of feed coal passes through the particle material layer in the filtering device, dust content in the gas is greatly reduced, load of a downstream gas treating device is reduced, and quality of the product is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to derived energy chemical field, in particular to a kind of pyrolyzer.
Background technology
Low-disintegration coal refers to the coal that metamorphic grade is lower, and comprise brown coal, long-flame coal, weakly caking coal and bottle coal etc., account for the over half of coal in China reserves, comparatively high and low temperature pyrolytic tar productive rate is higher, chemically reactive good for its ature of coal volatile component.If burn as steam coal, coal resource just can not be used adequately reasonably, and economic benefit is also poor.Therefore, in the energy-intensive world today, the process change of coal and comprehensive utilization have become the focus that people pay close attention to.
Brown coal are low temperature (500 ~ 750 DEG C) pyrolysis under isolated air conditions, generates semicoke, burnt oil and gas.The semicoke of the above-mentioned raw materials coal gained of low ash, low-sulfur is adopted to be commonly called as blue charcoal.The characteristics such as blue charcoal is high with its fixed carbon, chemically reactive is high, ash content is low, sulphur is low, phosphorus is low, are widely used in iron alloy, calcium carbide field.
Pyrolyzer is the core apparatus of pyrolytic process of coal, through heating, pyrolysis occurs, separate out burnt oil and gas at pyrolyzer Raw coal, generates semicoke.Although pyrolytic process of coal achieves the process change of coal, improve the efficiency of energy utilization of coal, but, the phenomenon especially severe that fine solid particles is taken out of from pyrolyzer by the gas mixture that pyrolysis produces in actual production process, cause coke tar refuse productive rate high, pyrolytic tar quality is impacted, time serious, also can block the pipeline of coal gas guiding system, system cannot normally be run.
The Chinese patent of prior art CN201241071 discloses " a kind of single-bed self-heating type thermal decomposition gasification combustion reactor ", spacer plate is utilized pyrolyzer to be divided into pyrolysis zone, top and lower combustion district, semicoke heats inert particle at combustion zone combustion heat release, being mixed with coal raw material by high temperature inert particle by air conveying and sent into pyrolysis zone, coal raw material carries out pyrolysis in pyrolysis zone.Gaseous product enters upstream device through cyclonic separator dedusting, and semicoke enters into combustion zone along spacer plate and airway gap.Air conveying owing to adopting, this device requires harsh to the size of coal raw material.In addition, this device adopts external cyclonic separator to solve the technical problem that in tar, dust content is high, solid grain size entrained by pyrolysis gas product is distributed more widely, cyclonic separator can only isolate particle diameter larger particles in gas phase, and it is poor to the particle separation effect that particle diameter is less, secondly, because pyrolysis gas product temperatur is high, viscosity large, the gas-particle separation effect of cyclonic separator is reduced.
Prior art CN101818071A discloses " a kind of pyrolysis of coal reactor ", this pyrolyzer is provided with the pipeline structure for shunting high-temperature particle medium, and this pipeline structure extends in the middle part of pyrolyzer or below middle part, high-temperature particle is directly imported pyrolyzer middle and lower part by pipeline structure, coal raw material is directly trickled down downwards from pyrolyzer top, preheating is carried out by heat trnasfer outside high-temperature particle transport pipe, in pyrolyzer middle and lower part, coal raw material and high-temperature particle carry out direct heat exchange generation pyrolysis, produce tar, the gaseous product such as coal gas, the filtering layer that the coal raw material of this mixed gas through pyrolyzer middle and upper part is formed, the dust carried gaseous product plays a role in filtering by filtering layer, improve the quality of product.But the operation of this pyrolyzer devices is comparatively complicated, and pyrolyzer middle and upper part coal raw material filtering layer carries out preheating by high-temperature particle transport pipe, heat interchanging area is limited, whole filtering layer temperature distributing disproportionation is even, and the gaseous state coal tar condensation in filtering layer easily causing pyrolysis to produce, makes tar yield reduce.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of pyrolyzer, to reach the object of the dust removing effects improving gaseous product.
The invention provides a kind of pyrolyzer to achieve these goals, comprising: pyrolyzer body, comprise housing and be arranged at opening for feed, discharge opening and the gas export mouth on housing; Filtration unit, comprise shell and be arranged at gas inlet on shell, pneumatic outlet, gas inlet is communicated with gas export mouth; Filtration unit also comprises the filter assemblies be arranged between gas inlet and pneumatic outlet, is filled with the packed bed of particle for filtering the gas imported by gas inlet in filter assemblies.
Further, filter assemblies is vertically arranged, and comprising: the first cross-flow portion, comprises at least two spaced first cross-flow plates, each first cross-flow plate along away from direction, gas inlet to downward-extension; Second cross-flow portion, comprises at least two spaced second cross-flow plates, each second cross-flow plate along away from pneumatic outlet direction to downward-extension; Packed bed of particle is filled between the first cross-flow portion and the second cross-flow portion, and the gas imported by gas inlet is derived by pneumatic outlet through behind the first cross-flow portion, packed bed of particle and the second cross-flow portion successively.
Further, the first cross-flow portion is arranged at the position near gas inlet, the setting spaced in parallel to each other of at least two the first cross-flow plates; Second cross-flow portion is arranged at the position near pneumatic outlet, the setting spaced in parallel to each other of at least two the second cross-flow plates.
Further, have the first angle between each first cross-flow plate and horizontal plane, have the second angle between each second cross-flow plate and horizontal plane, the size of the first angle and the second angle is all adjustable.
Further, filter assemblies comprises the material inlet being arranged at filter assemblies upper end and the material outlet being arranged at filter assemblies bottom, material inlet and material outlet are vertically corresponding to be arranged, the material forming packed bed of particle is filled by material inlet, and is discharged by material outlet.
Further, the top of material inlet be provided with the material entered in packed bed of particle is screened, the screening heating unit that heats and the first metering and conveying device for controlling material loading level.
Further, the below of material outlet is provided with and carries out the condensing works of condensation and the second metering and conveying device for controlling discharge of materials amount to the material in the exhaust particulate matter bed of material.
Further, filtration unit also comprises the blockage-clearing device cleared up the first cross-flow portion.
Further, blockage-clearing device comprises block clearing claw hook, and the first end of block clearing claw hook is provided with multiple cleaning unit, and each cleaning unit correspondence embeds in the gap between at least two spaced first cross-flow plates.
Further, the second end of block clearing claw hook is provided with the handle extending to housing exterior.
Further, the temperature of charge in packed bed of particle is 500 DEG C to 800 DEG C.
Further, it is husky that the material in packed bed of particle comprises hot semicoke, porcelain ball or stone.
Apply pyrolyzer of the present invention, the mixed gas product that feed coal pyrolysis produces, by after the packed bed of particle in filtration unit, considerably reduces the dustiness in gas, reduces the load of gas downstream treatment unit, improve the quality of product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Figure of description forming a application's part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to pyrolyzer in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral in figure: 10, pyrolyzer body; 11, housing; 12, opening for feed; 13, hopper is rolled over; 14, discharge opening; 15, gas export mouth; 20, filtration unit; 21, gas inlet; 22, pneumatic outlet; 23, filter assemblies; 24, block clearing claw hook; 25, shell; 231, the first cross-flow portion; 232, the second cross-flow portion; 233, material inlet; 234, material outlet.
Embodiment
It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, embodiments provide a kind of pyrolyzer, for by feed coal and high temperature granular material mixed pyrolysis.Above-mentioned pyrolyzer comprises: pyrolyzer body 10 and filtration unit 20.Pyrolyzer body 10 is provided with housing 11 and is arranged at opening for feed 12, discharge opening 14 and the gas export mouth 15 on housing 11.Filtration unit 20 is provided with shell 25 and is arranged at gas inlet 21 on shell 25, pneumatic outlet 22.Gas inlet 21 is communicated with gas export mouth 15.Filtration unit 20 also comprises the filter assemblies 23 be arranged between gas inlet 21 and pneumatic outlet 22, is filled with packed bed of particle in filter assemblies 23, and packed bed of particle is for filtering the gas imported by gas inlet 21.
In the invention process, filtration unit is for filtering the dust in above-mentioned gas.By arranging filtration unit, the mixed gas product that feed coal pyrolysis is produced, by after the packed bed of particle in filtration unit, significantly can reduce the dustiness in gas, reduce the load of gas downstream treatment unit, improve the quality of product.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned gas entrance 21 can be assembled ground with gas export mouth 15 or indirectly be communicated with, and such as, gas inlet 21 is fixedly communicated with by ring flange with gas export mouth 15.
Preferably, filter assemblies 23 is vertically arranged, and comprising: the first cross-flow portion 231 and the second cross-flow portion 232.First cross-flow portion 231 comprises at least two spaced first cross-flow plates, each first cross-flow plate along away from direction, gas inlet 21 to downward-extension.Second cross-flow portion 232 comprises at least two spaced second cross-flow plates, each second cross-flow plate along away from pneumatic outlet 22 direction to downward-extension.Packed bed of particle is filled between the first cross-flow portion 231 and the second cross-flow portion 232.The gas imported by gas inlet 21 is derived by pneumatic outlet 22 through behind the first cross-flow portion 231, packed bed of particle and the second cross-flow portion 232 successively.
The material from leakage that first cross-flow portion 231 and the second cross-flow portion 232 can prevent from being filled in packed bed of particle is set, plays the effect of stop.
Particularly, the first cross-flow portion 231 is arranged at the position near gas inlet 21, the setting spaced in parallel to each other of at least two the first cross-flow plates; Second cross-flow portion 232 is arranged at the position near pneumatic outlet 22, the setting spaced in parallel to each other of at least two the second cross-flow plates.And, between each first cross-flow plate and horizontal plane, there is the first angle, between each second cross-flow plate and horizontal plane, there is the second angle, the equal adjustable of size of the first angle and the second angle.First cross-flow portion 231 and the second cross-flow portion 232 of " shutter " is set, can according to the dust removing effects of gas, spacing between the first adjacent cross-flow plate is changed because of the change of the first angle, spacing between second cross-flow plate changes because of the change of the second angle, thus contributes to improving dust removing effects.
Filter assemblies 23 comprises the material inlet 233 being arranged at filter assemblies 23 upper end and the material outlet 234 being arranged at filter assemblies 23 bottom.Material inlet 233 and material outlet 234 are vertically corresponding to be arranged, and the material forming packed bed of particle is filled by material inlet 233, and is discharged by material outlet 234.
Preferably, the top of material inlet 233 can be provided with the material entered in packed bed of particle is screened, the screening heating unit that heats and the first metering and conveying device for controlling material loading level.The below of material outlet 234 is provided with carries out the condensing works of condensation and the second metering and conveying device for controlling discharge of materials amount to the material in the exhaust particulate matter bed of material.
It should be noted that, the temperature of charge in packed bed of particle is 500 DEG C to 800 DEG C.Set temperature is the granule materials of 500 DEG C to 800 DEG C, and the gas-phase product that pyrolysis can be made to produce completes dust removal by filtration operation under uncondensable condition, can not affect the output of product.
It is husky that material in packed bed of particle can comprise hot semicoke, porcelain ball or stone.And the material in packed bed of particle can upgrade in time according to dust removing effects and filtration resistance.
Filtration unit 20 in the embodiment of the present invention also comprises the blockage-clearing device cleared up the first cross-flow portion 231.Particularly, blockage-clearing device comprises the block clearing claw hook 24 being fixedly installed on shell 25 inside, and the first end of block clearing claw hook 24 is provided with multiple cleaning unit, and each cleaning unit correspondence embeds in the gap between at least two spaced first cross-flow plates.Second end of block clearing claw hook 24 is provided with the handle extending to shell 25 outside.
When filtration unit 20 normally works, block clearing claw hook 24 is positioned at the side in the first cross-flow portion 231.When blocking occurs in the first cross-flow portion 231, the handle that extends to shell 25 outside can be pulled thus drive multiple cleaning unit to clear up the first cross-flow portion 231.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the opening for feed 12 of pyrolyzer body 10 is arranged at the upper end of housing 11, comprise at least two level shunt opening for feeds, above-mentioned at least two level shunt opening for feeds are respectively used to feed coal and high-temperature solid particle separately be imported to pyrolyzer body 10 inside.
As shown in Figure 1, the pyrolyzer body 10 in the embodiment of the present invention also comprises folding hopper 13, and folding hopper 13 comprises the first diffusion part, and it is for spreading the feed coal entered by opening for feed 12 and the solid particle of high temperature; Folding hopper 13 is arranged in housing 12, and folding hopper 13 is positioned at the below of opening for feed 12.
During use; after feed coal and high-temperature solid particle are entered by opening for feed 12; fall on the first diffusion part; and scatter to surrounding under the effect of the first diffusion part; thus make high-temperature solid particle and feed coal before the bottom being scattering into housing 12 dispersedly; first through mixing fully, to obtain good mixed effect, solve the problem of feed coal and high-temperature solid particle undercompounding.In addition, the present invention also has the feature that structure is simple, cost is low.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, roll over hopper 13 and also comprise the first collection unit and the second diffusion part, first diffusion part, the first collection unit and the second diffusion part set gradually, like this, after high-temperature solid particle and feed coal are entered by opening for feed 12, first dispensed dispersedly to surrounding by the first diffusion part.Then, then by the first collection unit scattered material collected and mix.Then, then will to be collected by the first collection unit and mixed material is discharged, and and carry out secondary diffusion by the second diffusion part, thus further increase the mixed effect of feed coal and high-temperature solid particle.
The first diffusion part in the present embodiment and the vertical range between opening for feed 12, the vertical range between the first diffusion part and the first collection unit, the vertical range between the first collection unit and the second diffusion part are between 0mm to 100mm.
Especially, the size of the first diffusion part is less than the size of the first collection unit.Like this, to make the mixture of feed coal and the high-temperature solid particle spread out by the first diffusion part fall into more easily in the first collection unit.Certainly, multiple first collection unit also can be set, multiple first collection unit be arranged around the first diffusion part equably, collects by the scattered material of the first diffusion part respectively.
Such as, the first diffusion part and the second diffusion part are tapers, and the point upward of the first diffusion part of taper and the second diffusion part.Further, the first collection unit is taper, and the large end of the first collection unit upwards.Certainly, the first diffusion part, the second diffusion part and the first collection unit also can be other shapes, as long as can be convenient to the collection of material or spread.
Preferably, the first diffusion part, the first collection unit and the second diffusion part are successively set on support from top to bottom.Support can being fixedly connected with by the mode such as flange or welding and housing 11.Owing to have employed the form of support, therefore, the gas generated in reaction process can be made can to pass easily through the gas export mouth 15 be arranged on housing 11 discharge.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, pyrolyzer also comprises bleeder valve, and bleeder valve is arranged on discharge opening 14 place of housing 11.The feed coal entered by opening for feed 12 and high-temperature solid particle, after folding hopper 13, are deposited in the bottom of pyrolyzer, and have the material level of certain altitude.After material to be mixed stops the enough reaction times in moving bed pyrolysis device, discharge through bleeder valve.Such as, bleeder valve can be quadrant valve.Like this, just by the control to the aperture of quadrant valve, can reach and control the object such as discharging speed, load and high-temperature solid particle and the residence time of feed coal in pyrolyzer.
Preferably, pyrolyzer also comprises the drive unit for driving bleeder valve.Further, drive unit comprises electric push rod or hydraulic push rod.Like this, the aperture of quadrant valve can be adjusted by electric machine control electricity push rod or the stroke of hydraulic push rod.By this simply efficient manner, operator by the observation of the stroke to electric push rod or hydraulic push rod, can judge the state of quadrant valve, have the reliable feature of operational safety.
Preferably, the inside of housing 11 can liner fireproofing and heat resistant material, as high temperature resistant mould material.Also high temperaturesteel or refractory brick can be adopted.If needing the premixing effect of further strength imparting material, quantity and the angle of diffusion part in baffling bucket and collection unit can adjusted.If need to reduce the height of pyrolyzer, under the prerequisite meeting premixing effect, also can consider to reduce the quantity of diffusion part in baffling bucket and collection unit.
From above description, can find out, the above embodiments of the present invention achieve following technique effect: the mixed gas product that feed coal pyrolysis produces is by after the packed bed of particle in filtration unit, considerably reduce the dustiness in gas, reduce the load of gas downstream treatment unit, improve the quality of product.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a pyrolyzer, comprising:
Pyrolyzer body (10), comprises housing (11) and is arranged at opening for feed (12), discharge opening (14) and the gas export mouth (15) on described housing (11);
Filtration unit (20), the filter assemblies (23) comprising shell (25) and be arranged at gas inlet (21) on described shell (25), pneumatic outlet (22) and be arranged between described gas inlet (21) and described pneumatic outlet (22), described gas inlet (21) is communicated with described gas export mouth (15), is filled with for filtering the packed bed of particle imported by described gas inlet (21) in described filter assemblies (23);
It is characterized in that,
Described filter assemblies (23) comprises the first cross-flow portion (231), described first cross-flow portion (231) comprises at least two spaced first cross-flow plates, each described first cross-flow plate along away from described gas inlet (21) direction to downward-extension;
Described filtration unit (20) also comprises the blockage-clearing device cleared up described first cross-flow portion (231), described blockage-clearing device comprises block clearing claw hook (24), the first end of described block clearing claw hook (24) is provided with multiple cleaning unit, and each described cleaning unit correspondence embeds in the gap between at least two described spaced first cross-flow plates.
2. pyrolyzer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described filter assemblies (23) is vertically arranged, and also comprises:
Second cross-flow portion (232), comprises at least two spaced second cross-flow plates, each described second cross-flow plate along away from described pneumatic outlet (22) direction to downward-extension;
Described packed bed of particle is filled between described first cross-flow portion (231) and described second cross-flow portion (232), and the gas imported by described gas inlet (21) is derived by described pneumatic outlet (22) through behind described first cross-flow portion (231), described packed bed of particle and described second cross-flow portion (232) successively.
3. pyrolyzer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described first cross-flow portion (231) is arranged at the position near described gas inlet (21), the setting spaced in parallel to each other of described at least two the first cross-flow plates; Described second cross-flow portion (232) is arranged at the position near described pneumatic outlet (22), the setting spaced in parallel to each other of described at least two the second cross-flow plates.
4. pyrolyzer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, have the first angle between each described first cross-flow plate and horizontal plane, have the second angle between each described second cross-flow plate and horizontal plane, the size of described first angle and described second angle is all adjustable.
5. pyrolyzer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described filter assemblies (23) comprises the material inlet (233) being arranged at described filter assemblies (23) upper end and the material outlet (234) being arranged at described filter assemblies (23) bottom, described material inlet (233) and described material outlet (234) are vertically corresponding to be arranged, the material forming described packed bed of particle is filled by described material inlet (233), and is discharged by described material outlet (234).
6. pyrolyzer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the top of described material inlet (233) be provided with the material entered in described packed bed of particle is screened, the screening heating unit that heats and the first metering and conveying device for controlling material loading level.
7. pyrolyzer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the material that the below of described material outlet (234) is provided with discharging in described packed bed of particle carries out the condensing works of condensation and the second metering and conveying device for controlling discharge of materials amount.
8. pyrolyzer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the second end of described block clearing claw hook (24) is provided with and extends to the outside handle of described shell (25).
9. pyrolyzer according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, the temperature of charge in described packed bed of particle is 500 DEG C to 800 DEG C.
10. pyrolyzer according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, it is husky that the material in described packed bed of particle comprises hot semicoke, porcelain ball or stone.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310210534.2A CN103242873B (en) | 2013-05-30 | 2013-05-30 | Pyrolyzer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310210534.2A CN103242873B (en) | 2013-05-30 | 2013-05-30 | Pyrolyzer |
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| CN103242873A CN103242873A (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| CN103242873B true CN103242873B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104726117A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-06-24 | 河南龙成煤高效技术应用有限公司 | Coal pyrolysis apparatus |
| CN105907414A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-31 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Quick coal pyrolysis reactor |
| CN107760344B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-07-24 | 神木富油能源科技有限公司 | System and method for preparing coal tar gas by coupling pulverized coal pyrolysis and dust removal |
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| CN202683180U (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2013-01-23 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Movable-bed pyrolyzer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB227450A (en) * | 1924-01-09 | 1925-04-02 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh | Improvements in or relating to electric gas purifying plants |
| EP0057468A2 (en) * | 1981-02-04 | 1982-08-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Louver construction for supporting a charge of particulate material |
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