CN103240269B - Method for improving washed soil - Google Patents
Method for improving washed soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103240269B CN103240269B CN201310200587.6A CN201310200587A CN103240269B CN 103240269 B CN103240269 B CN 103240269B CN 201310200587 A CN201310200587 A CN 201310200587A CN 103240269 B CN103240269 B CN 103240269B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving washed soil, and relates to a method for improving soil. The method for improving washed soil comprises the following process: determining the proportion of sand granules of 0.025mm of washed soil according to a hydrometer method, when the proportion of sand granules greater than 0.025mm of the washed soil is 60%-80%, the additive amount of mushroom residue composite additives is 8wt%-10wt%; when the proportion of sand granules greater than 0.025mm of the washed soil is 40%-60%, the additive amount of mushroom residue composite additives is 3wt%-5wt%, and when the proportion of sand granules greater than 0.025mm of the washed soil is below 40%, the additive amount of mushroom residue composite additives is 1.5wt%-2.5wt%; and mushroom residue composite additive is formed by uniformly mixing mushroom residue after decomposition treatment, biogas residue and fulvic acid according to the mass ratio of 355:97:38. The method not only can be used for increasing the water retaining capacity of the washed soil, but also can replenish nutritional ingredients of the washed soil, meanwhile, is low in cost, has no engineering modification, and is high in feasibility in actual applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves soil, particularly relate to a kind of method that improves washed off soil.
Background technology
Soil is the most important material base of agricultural production.But be accompanied by the increase of China's industrial waste, agrochemical substances kind and quantity and urban pollutant, China's heavy metal pollution of soil degree is aggravated, and contaminated area expands year by year.In the past in 50 years, China's heavy-metal contaminated soil at least 2,000 ten thousand hm
2; Pollution by pesticides area approximately 1,300 ten thousand～1,600 ten thousand hm
2.Due to the complexity of its environment in heavy-metal contaminated soil, purifying contaminated soil has become when previous challenging technical problem.Through the researchs of 30 years and application, be developed rapidly, develop at present series of physical, chemistry and biotechnology and administered and be subject to heavy-metal contaminated soil.Bioremediation technology have can by contaminant degradation thoroughly, the feature such as little and expense is low on soil physico-chemical property impact and be used as effective reparation means, be used widely.But when pollutant levels are too high, toxicity crosses when strong, biological restoration is difficult to meet the demands conventionally.Physics recovery technique is energy renovation of organic pollution and heavy-metal contaminated soil simultaneously in same system for handling, and can significantly reduce the processed volume weight of soils of off-site, and heavy metal can be recovered utilization (for example, melting is refined) in some cases.But soil pollution improvement is carried out in the equipment that physical technique system requirements is large and large space, the capacity of the contaminated soil of being administered also must be very large (>5000 ton), and control expense is higher.Chemistry recovery technique develops early, comparative maturity.But chemical method, because the chemical agent adding can exert an influence to physical chemistry in soil and microbiological property, may cause other environmental problems, the original existence of welding, produces secondary pollution.Based on the pluses and minuses of said method, applying at present more is the restorative procedure that physical chemistry is combined.Wherein Soil leaching technology can effectively be widely used in conjunction with the advantage in physical method and chemical method.It is good for the regional repairing effect of small size heavy metal severe contamination that drip washing is repaired, can remove pollutants a large amount of in soil, the range of scatter of restriction bazardous waste, for old industrial relocation district, can eliminate soil human settlements risk, improve soil environment quality situation.But when eluent is removed soil pollutant, soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability after drip washing are poor, nutrient loss, fertility declines.
The current also rarely seen report of improvement work about washed off soil.Therefore the present invention is directed to washed off soil water holding capacity poor, nutrient loss, fertility this feature that declines, seeks a kind of water conservation effective, and getting fat ability is strong, and improvement washed off soil method with low cost is significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that improves washed off soil, the method can increase the water holding capacity of washed off soil, can supplement again washed off soil nutritional labeling, and simultaneously the method is with low cost, does not have engineeredly, and feasibility is in actual applications high.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method that improves washed off soil, described method comprises following process: the sand grains ratio of measuring 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method, in the time that washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in 60%-80%, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 8 wt%-10 wt%; In the time that washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in 40%-60%, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 3 wt%-5 wt%; When washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in below 40% time, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 1.5 wt%-2.5 wt%; Described bacterium chaff compound additive by the bacterium chaff through decomposition processing, natural pond slag and fulvic acid in mass ratio 355:97:38 evenly mix.
A kind of described method that improves washed off soil, the described sand grains ratio of measuring 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method: comprise sample, disperse grogs, prepare suspension, result of calculation; It samples: for taking by 50 grams of 2 millimeters of sieve aperture soil samples in 500 milliliters of conical flasks; Result of calculation: for being greater than 0.025 millimeter of grain size content (%)=m
1/ m*100, in formula: weight that m is oven-dried soil (gram), m
1for be more than or equal to 0.025 millimeter of grade oven-dried soil weight (gram).
A kind of described method that improves washed off soil, described dispersion grogs: according to P in soil H, select respectively following dispersant: 50 grams of calcareous soil samples, add 60 milliliters of 0.5mol/L sodium phosphates (Na3PO4); 50 grams of neutral soil samples, add 50 milliliters of 0.25mol/L sodium oxalates (Na2C2O4), 50 grams of acid soil samples, add 50 milliliters, 0.5mol/L NaOH (NaOH), in conical flask, add water 250 milliliters, add dispersant, shake up latter standing 2 hours, shake conical flask, bottleneck is put a little funnel, is placed on electric hot plate and heats, micro-boiling 1 hour, in boiling part, to often shake conical flask, in case grogs deposition bottle bear building-up becomes lump.
A kind of described method that improves washed off soil, the described suspension of preparing: place large funnel on 1 liter of graduated cylinder, put the sieve of washing in 0.025 millimeter, an aperture thereon, after suspension is cooling, fully shake conical flask, the grogs sinking is scattered in suspension, suspension is washed to sieve by 0.25 millimeter to be flow in 1 liter of graduated cylinder, stay grogs in conical flask for all pouring in sieve, grogs in sieve is shampooed lightly with rubber tip glass rod and water rinses, directly wash in sieve the water that flows down no longer till muddiness, should note being sure not to make liquid in graduated cylinder to exceed 1 liter simultaneously, last constant volume is 1 liter, stay in sieve for being more than or equal to the sand grains of 0.025 millimeter, water washes it in the aluminium box of known weight, aluminium box is placed on electric hot plate to dry and anhydrates point, move in baking oven, weigh after 6 hours 105 ℃ of bakings.
A kind of described method that improves washed off soil, the sand grains ratio of described 0.025 millimeter is added the additive improvement washeds off soil such as bacterium chaff: in the time that washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in 60%-80%, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 8 wt%-10 wt%.: in the time that washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in 40%-60%, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 3 wt%-5 wt%; When washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in below 40% time, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 1.5 wt%-2.5 wt%.
A kind of described method that improves washed off soil, described bacterium chaff compound additive by the bacterium chaff through decomposition, natural pond slag and fulvic acid in mass ratio 355:97:38 evenly mix.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
1. can increase the water holding capacity of washed off soil.The present invention utilizes the additive such as bacterium chaff, natural pond slag improvement washed off soil according to the desertification situation of washed off soil, because bacterium chaff, natural pond slag are because having cellulose and the lignin of having degraded can improve soil organic matter content, has therefore increased retention capacity of soil;
2. can supplement washed off soil nutritional labeling.Bacterium chaff contains a large amount of nutriments, as trace element and vitamins etc. such as protein, amino acid, mushroom polysaccharide and iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium, some nutritional labeling is even higher than primary compost, natural pond slag is rich in N, P, K etc. and trace element, these nutriments can improve the nutritional deficiency phenomenon of soil, increase soil and fertilizer;
3. the method is with low cost simultaneously, and practical application feasibility is high.Additive wide material sources, low price, this additive adds and does not have engineeredly simultaneously, does not also need final-period management, and therefore the present invention is with low cost, and feasibility is high in actual applications.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
The sand grains ratio of measuring 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method, washed off soil is 10 kilograms, and the sand grains that is greater than 0.025 millimeter is 6.8 kilograms, adds bacterium chaff compound additive, and addition is 0.8 kilogram.The bacterium chaff compound additive adding comprises bacterium chaff, natural pond slag and fulvic acid, evenly mixes by 355:97:38, and its content is: 0.58 kilogram of decomposition bacterium chaff, 0.16 kilogram of natural pond slag, 0.06 kilogram of fulvic acid.
Its embodiment:
1, measure the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method.
(1), sample: take by 50 grams of 2 millimeters of sieve aperture soil samples in 500 milliliters of conical flasks;
(2), disperse grogs: according to P in soil H, select respectively following dispersant: 50 grams of calcareous soil samples, add 60 milliliters of 0.5mol/L sodium phosphates (Na3PO4); 50 grams of neutral soil samples, add 50 milliliters of 0.25mol/L sodium oxalates (Na2C2O4), and 50 grams of acid soil samples, add 50 milliliters, 0.5mol/L NaOH (NaOH).In conical flask, add water 250 milliliters, add dispersant, shake up latter standing 2 hours.Shake conical flask, bottleneck is put a little funnel, is placed on electric hot plate and heats, micro-boiling 1 hour.In boiling part, to often shake conical flask, in case grogs deposition bottle bear building-up becomes lump.
(3), prepare suspension: on 1 liter of graduated cylinder, place large funnel, put the sieve of washing in 0.025 millimeter, an aperture thereon, after suspension is cooling, fully shake conical flask, the grogs sinking is scattered in suspension, suspension is washed to sieve by 0.25 millimeter and flow in 1 liter of graduated cylinder, stay grogs in conical flask for all pouring in sieve, grogs in sieve is shampooed lightly with rubber tip glass rod and water rinses, and directly washes in sieve the water that flows down no longer till muddiness.Should note being sure not to make liquid in graduated cylinder to exceed 1 liter simultaneously.Last constant volume is 1 liter.Stay in sieve for to be more than or equal to the sand grains of 0.025 millimeter, water washes it in the aluminium box of known weight, aluminium box is placed on electric hot plate to dry and anhydrates point, moves in baking oven, weighs after 6 hours 105 ℃ of bakings.
(4), result is calculated: be greater than 0.025 millimeter of grain size content (%)=m
1/ m*100, in formula: weight that m is oven-dried soil (gram), m
1for be more than or equal to 0.025 millimeter of grade oven-dried soil weight (gram);
2, washed off soil is 10 kilograms, and the sand grains that is greater than 0.025 millimeter is 6.8 kilograms, adds bacterium chaff compound additive, and addition is 0.8 kilogram.
3, improve a method for washed off soil, the bacterium chaff compound additive of interpolation comprises bacterium chaff, natural pond slag and fulvic acid, evenly mixes by 355:97:38, and its content is: 0.58 kilogram of decomposition bacterium chaff, 0.16 kilogram of natural pond slag, 0.06 kilogram of fulvic acid.
Embodiment 2:
The sand grains ratio of measuring 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method, washed off soil is 10 kilograms, and the sand grains that is greater than 0.025 millimeter is 4.0 kilograms, adds bacterium chaff compound additive, and addition is 0.5 kilogram.The bacterium chaff compound additive adding comprises bacterium chaff, natural pond slag and fulvic acid, evenly mixes by 355:97:38, and its content is: 0.36 kilogram of decomposition bacterium chaff, 0.10 kilogram of natural pond slag, 0.04 kilogram of fulvic acid.
Its embodiment:
1, measure the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method.
(1), sample: take by 50 grams of 2 millimeters of sieve aperture soil samples in 500 milliliters of conical flasks;
(2), disperse grogs: according to P in soil H, select respectively following dispersant: 50 grams of calcareous soil samples, add 60 milliliters of 0.5mol/L sodium phosphates (Na3PO4); 50 grams of neutral soil samples, add 50 milliliters of 0.25mol/L sodium oxalates (Na2C2O4), and 50 grams of acid soil samples, add 50 milliliters, 0.5mol/L NaOH (NaOH).In conical flask, add water 250 milliliters, add dispersant, shake up latter standing 2 hours.Shake conical flask, bottleneck is put a little funnel, is placed on electric hot plate and heats, micro-boiling 1 hour.In boiling part, to often shake conical flask, in case grogs deposition bottle bear building-up becomes lump.
(3), prepare suspension: on 1 liter of graduated cylinder, place large funnel, put the sieve of washing in 0.025 millimeter, an aperture thereon, after suspension is cooling, fully shake conical flask, the grogs sinking is scattered in suspension, suspension is washed to sieve by 0.25 millimeter and flow in 1 liter of graduated cylinder, stay grogs in conical flask for all pouring in sieve, grogs in sieve is shampooed lightly with rubber tip glass rod and water rinses, and directly washes in sieve the water that flows down no longer till muddiness.Should note being sure not to make liquid in graduated cylinder to exceed 1 liter simultaneously.Last constant volume is 1 liter.Stay in sieve for to be more than or equal to the sand grains of 0.025 millimeter, water washes it in the aluminium box of known weight, aluminium box is placed on electric hot plate to dry and anhydrates point, moves in baking oven, weighs after 6 hours 105 ℃ of bakings.
(4), result is calculated: be greater than 0.025 millimeter of grain size content (%)=m
1/ m*100, in formula: weight that m is oven-dried soil (gram), m
1for be more than or equal to 0.025 millimeter of grade oven-dried soil weight (gram);
2, washed off soil is 10 kilograms, and the sand grains that is greater than 0.025 millimeter is 4.0 kilograms, adds bacterium chaff compound additive, and addition is 0.5 kilogram.
3, improve a method for washed off soil, the bacterium chaff compound additive of interpolation comprises bacterium chaff, natural pond slag and fulvic acid, evenly mixes by 355:97:38, and its content is: 0.36 kilogram of decomposition bacterium chaff, 0.10 kilogram of natural pond slag, 0.04 kilogram of fulvic acid.
Embodiment 3:
The sand grains ratio of measuring 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method, washed off soil is 10 kilograms, and the sand grains that is greater than 0.025 millimeter is 2.0 kilograms, adds bacterium chaff compound additive, and addition is 0.2 kilogram.The bacterium chaff compound additive adding comprises bacterium chaff, natural pond slag and fulvic acid, evenly mixes by 355:97:38, and its content is: 0.14 kilogram of decomposition bacterium chaff, 0.04 kilogram of natural pond slag, 0.02 kilogram of fulvic acid.
Its embodiment:
1, measure the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method.
(1), sample: take by 50 grams of 2 millimeters of sieve aperture soil samples in 500 milliliters of conical flasks;
(2), disperse grogs: according to P in soil H, select respectively following dispersant: 50 grams of calcareous soil samples, add 60 milliliters of 0.5mol/L sodium phosphates (Na3PO4); 50 grams of neutral soil samples, add 50 milliliters of 0.25mol/L sodium oxalates (Na2C2O4), and 50 grams of acid soil samples, add 50 milliliters, 0.5mol/L NaOH (NaOH).In conical flask, add water 250 milliliters, add dispersant, shake up latter standing 2 hours.Shake conical flask, bottleneck is put a little funnel, is placed on electric hot plate and heats, micro-boiling 1 hour.In boiling part, to often shake conical flask, in case grogs deposition bottle bear building-up becomes lump.
(3), prepare suspension: on 1 liter of graduated cylinder, place large funnel, put the sieve of washing in 0.025 millimeter, an aperture thereon, after suspension is cooling, fully shake conical flask, the grogs sinking is scattered in suspension, suspension is washed to sieve by 0.25 millimeter and flow in 1 liter of graduated cylinder, stay grogs in conical flask for all pouring in sieve, grogs in sieve is shampooed lightly with rubber tip glass rod and water rinses, and directly washes in sieve the water that flows down no longer till muddiness.Should note being sure not to make liquid in graduated cylinder to exceed 1 liter simultaneously.Last constant volume is 1 liter.Stay in sieve for to be more than or equal to the sand grains of 0.025 millimeter, water washes it in the aluminium box of known weight, aluminium box is placed on electric hot plate to dry and anhydrates point, moves in baking oven, weighs after 6 hours 105 ℃ of bakings.
(4), result is calculated: be greater than 0.025 millimeter of grain size content (%)=m
1/ m*100, in formula: weight that m is oven-dried soil (gram), m
1for be more than or equal to 0.025 millimeter of grade oven-dried soil weight (gram).
2, washed off soil is 10 kilograms, and the sand grains that is greater than 0.025 millimeter is 2.0 kilograms, adds bacterium chaff compound additive, and addition is 0.2 kilogram.
3, improve a method for washed off soil, the bacterium chaff compound additive of interpolation comprises bacterium chaff, natural pond slag and fulvic acid, evenly mixes by 355:97:38, and its content is: 0.14 kilogram of decomposition bacterium chaff, 0.04 kilogram of natural pond slag, 0.02 kilogram of fulvic acid.
Claims (4)
1. improve the method for washed off soil for one kind, it is characterized in that, described method comprises following process: the sand grains ratio of measuring 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method, in the time that washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in 60%-80%, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 8 wt%-10 wt%; In the time that washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in 40%-60%, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 3 wt%-5 wt%; When washed off soil is greater than the sand grains ratio of 0.025 millimeter in below 40% time, bacterium chaff compound additive addition is 1.5 wt%-2.5 wt%; Described bacterium chaff compound additive by the bacterium chaff through decomposition processing, natural pond slag and fulvic acid in mass ratio 355:97:38 evenly mix.
2. a kind of method that improves washed off soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described sand grains ratio of measuring 0.025 millimeter of washed off soil according to hydrometer method: comprise sample, disperse grogs, prepare suspension, result of calculation; Its sample for: take by 50 grams of 2 millimeters of sieve aperture soil samples in 500 milliliters of conical flasks; Result of calculation is: be greater than 0.025 millimeter of grain size content (%)=m
1/ m × 100, in formula: weight that m is oven-dried soil (gram), m
1for be more than or equal to 0.025 millimeter of grade oven-dried soil weight (gram).
3. a kind of method that improves washed off soil according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described dispersion grogs: according to P in soil H, select respectively following dispersant: 50 grams of calcareous soil samples, add 0.5mol/L sodium phosphate (Na
3pO
4) 60 milliliters; 50 grams of neutral soil samples, add 0.25mol/L sodium oxalate (Na
2c
2o
4) 50 milliliters, 50 grams of acid soil samples, add 50 milliliters, 0.5mol/L NaOH (NaOH), add water 250 milliliters in conical flask, add dispersant, shake up latter standing 2 hours, shake conical flask, bottleneck is put a little funnel, be placed on electric hot plate and heat, micro-boiling 1 hour will often be shaken conical flask in boiling part, in case grogs deposition bottle bear building-up becomes lump.
4. a kind of method that improves washed off soil according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described suspension of preparing: place large funnel on 1 liter of graduated cylinder, put the sieve of washing in 0.025 millimeter, an aperture thereon, after suspension is cooling, fully shake conical flask, the grogs sinking is scattered in suspension, suspension is washed to sieve by 0.25 millimeter to be flow in 1 liter of graduated cylinder, stay grogs in conical flask for all pouring in sieve, grogs in sieve is shampooed lightly with rubber tip glass rod and water rinses, wash in sieve the water that flows down no longer till muddiness always, should note being sure not to make liquid in graduated cylinder to exceed 1 liter simultaneously, last constant volume is 1 liter, stay in sieve for being more than or equal to the sand grains of 0.025 millimeter, water washes it in the aluminium box of known weight, aluminium box is placed on electric hot plate to dry and anhydrates point, move in baking oven, weigh after 6 hours 105 ℃ of bakings.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103894396B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2016-01-20 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN104249077B (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-05-11 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of leaching repairing method of molybdenum polution soil |
| CN106583443A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-04-26 | 青岛理工大学 | Method capable of synchronously treating biogas residues and pesticide-polluted soil |
| CN108568448A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-25 | 武汉中地金盾环境科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle-mounted heavy-metal contaminated soil movable type magnetic enrichment purification outfit |
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| JP2007237132A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Ohbayashi Corp | Original position washing method of soil polluted with organic compound |
| KR20090104464A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-06 | 주식회사 퍼시픽환경솔루션 | Method and apparatus using pneumatic fracturing and multicomponent injection of a liquid or dry media for the treatment non-naturally occurring subsurface soil and groundwater contamination |
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| JP2007237132A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Ohbayashi Corp | Original position washing method of soil polluted with organic compound |
| KR20090104464A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-06 | 주식회사 퍼시픽환경솔루션 | Method and apparatus using pneumatic fracturing and multicomponent injection of a liquid or dry media for the treatment non-naturally occurring subsurface soil and groundwater contamination |
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