CN103240037B - A kind of ellipse spiral tubular type microchannel gas-solid phase reaction device - Google Patents
A kind of ellipse spiral tubular type microchannel gas-solid phase reaction device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103240037B CN103240037B CN201310189618.2A CN201310189618A CN103240037B CN 103240037 B CN103240037 B CN 103240037B CN 201310189618 A CN201310189618 A CN 201310189618A CN 103240037 B CN103240037 B CN 103240037B
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- tube sheet
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- end tube
- exchanging fluid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gas-solid phase reaction device, its cylindrical housings two ends are fixedly installed upper end tube sheet and lower end tube sheet respectively, and being connected with many cross sections between upper end tube sheet and lower end tube sheet is oval microchannel helix tube; Be positioned at upper end tube sheet and lower end tube sheet axially between stainless steel fixed support net wall have multiple hole or groove, its outer wall is enclosed with filter screen pipe, and stainless steel fixed support is held on the net and imported and exported passage with gas phase and be connected.The present invention has the features such as heat-transfer effect is excellent, compact equipment, gas phase drag are little, reactant loadings is large, heat transfer rate is fast, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heterogeneous gas solid reactor of a kind of thermocompressor, chemical heat pump, accumulation of heat, heat exchange, be adapted to the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation gas-solid phase reaction of metal hydride and hydrogen especially, belong to chemical reactor design field.
Background technology
The gas-solid phase reactor relating to course of reaction heat exchange at present both at home and abroad mainly contains following classification:
Tubular reactor---raw material solid is positioned in the reaction tube with filter screen, to be placed in the chimney filter of reactor as breather line, gas phase is spread by the solid-phase of chimney filter to surrounding, and the heat absorption/heat release in course of reaction is taken away by the heat exchanging fluid of reactor outside/inputted.This kind of tubular reactor has the features such as structure is simple, compact, heat exchange efficiency is higher, reaction is more even, but because loading is less and cost will to higher, and limit its large-scale application (Int.JHydrogen.Energ., 2010,35 (1): 321 – 328).
U-type gas-solid phase reactor---this reactor admission line is placed in reactor side, and to be placed in inside reactor U-tube as heat exchanging fluid pipeline, solid reactant is seated in the remaining space of inside reactor.This kind of reactor combines heat conduction reinforcement technique and fluid bed internal heat reinforcement technique, has that structure is simple, good effect of heat exchange, the features such as reaction speed is fast.But only have single U-tube gas-solid phase reactor, can not effectively reduce inside reactor thermograde, temperature distributing disproportionation is even, W-response speed is not high, place multiple U-tube and can improve reactor cost valency and structure difficulty (Int.JHydrogen.Energ., 2003,28 (3): 329-333).
Multitubular bundles coupled mode reactor---multiple less tube bank is evenly arranged in reactor, and utilize heat exchanging fluid in tube bank to realize heat exchange, solid reactant is positioned between tube bank, and hydrogen enters inside reactor through filter screen from surrounding.This reactor has higher heat exchange efficiency and reaction rate, but because the time of the whole reactor of gas-phase permeation is longer, its reaction rate is subject to certain impact, and gas phase needs high pressure just to enter reaction bed inside (Appl.Therm.Eng. by filter screen, 1998,18 (6): 457-480).
Arc plate-type reactor, circular disk type reactor---there is compact conformation; loadings is large; advantage simple to operate; but structure is comparatively complicated; solid-phase and structure member are not easily changed; installation and maintenance difficulty, its scale application still needs to carry out in a deep going way to study (Chinese invention patent 201010510847.6,200510042823.1).
Micro passage reaction---adopt microchannel as heat exchanging fluid pipeline; heat exchange efficiency is high, compact conformation, reaction rate are fast; but produce certain hot gravitation because gas-solid phase reaction absorbs/release heat; make heat exchanging fluid pipeline can occur to extend and shorten phenomenon; utilizing in this reactor process for a long time; likely cause heat exchanging fluid pipeline breaking, and gas-phase permeation whole reaction bed time longer (Shanghai: chemical machinery annual meeting .2008 in 2008,58-62; China, ZL200710018259.9).
Other class gas-solid phase reactor---as stacked formula reactor, U-tube reactor, built-in annular heat exchange tube road formula serial reaction utensil have compact conformation, simple to operate, but reaction bed heat exchange efficiency is low, has difficulties in actual application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of heat transfer efficiency is high, reaction speed is fast, compact conformation, operating flexibility are large, loadings is large, life cycle is long, simple to operate microchannel helix tube gas-solid phase reaction device, with the overall performance requirement of the satisfied gas-solid phase reactor with fuel factor to life of equipment and heat exchange efficiency.
Implementation procedure of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of gas-solid phase reaction device, comprise gas phase import and export, heat exchanging fluid import and export, tube sheet and housing, cylindrical housings (5) two ends are fixedly installed upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) respectively, and being connected with many cross sections between upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) is oval microchannel helix tube (3); Stainless steel fixed support net (22) wall be positioned between upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) axis has multiple hole or groove, its outer wall is enclosed with filter screen pipe (12), stainless steel fixed support net (22) upper end and gas phase are imported and exported passage (19) and are connected, described filter screen pipe (12) adopts stainless steel or non-metallic material, and aperture is 100 ~ 500 orders.
Microchannel helix tube (3) is arranged to spirality by the present invention, and cross section is oval, and the arrangement mode of microchannel helix tube (3) is equilateral triangle arrangement, and tube pitch is 2 ~ 5 times of microchannel helix tube (3) equivalent diameter.In prior art, usually adopt straight pipe type microchannel, it cannot eliminate the thermal stress in heat transfer process, usually causes tubular type microchannel torsional deformation, tube sheet sealing-off, and poorly sealed grade is not enough.Spirality is arranged in tubular type microchannel by the present invention, and spiral design one is that of avoiding because the thermal stress of generation of expanding with heat and contract with cold is to the infringement of tubular type microchannel in heat transfer process, and two is the less turbulence being conducive to improving heat exchanging fluid, improves diabatic process speed.The cross section of tubular type microchannel is oval, is conducive to less turbulence when increasing heat exchanging fluid flowing, the thickness of reduction layer laminar sublayer, reduces the resistance of diabatic process, increases reaction rate of heat transfer.
Form heat exchanging fluid between the upper surface of inventive shell (5) and upper end tube sheet (16) and export dashpot (2), between the lower surface of housing (5) and lower end tube sheet (11), form heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot (7).The upper and lower end face of housing (5) is provided with heat exchanging fluid outlet (1) and heat exchanging fluid entrance (9), heat exchanging fluid outlet dashpot (2) sidewall is provided with heat exchanging fluid outlet dashpot exhaust outlet (18), and heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot (7) sidewall is provided with heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot exhaust outlet (8).Gas phase is imported and exported between passage (19) and upper end tube sheet (16) and is sealed with sealing ring (21).Cylindrical housings (5) side is provided with the side cover (13) of filling solid-phase reactant.The sidewall of cylindrical housings (5) is provided with the temperature tube (6) measuring gas-solid phase reaction temperature.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect: the present invention adopts microchannel spiral tube structure as the core strengthened reaction bed and conduct heat, used for reference optimizing structure of conventional microchannel reactor simultaneously, many microchannel helix tubes are placed in reactor, gas enters solid reaction nitride layer through axially central stainless steel fixed support net and filter screen pipe, carry out the attracting exothermic reaction of gas-solid, reaction heat is supplied by the fluid of microchannel spiral Bottomhole pressure/is removed.According to the size of reaction heat, control by regulating microchannel helix tube flow velocity and initial temperature the heat supplying/remove.The present invention, compared with the gas-solid phase reaction devices such as current domestic and international existing tubular reactor, U-type gas-solid phase reactor, multitubular bundles coupled mode reactor, micro passage reaction, arc plate-type reactor, ellipse reactor, has the features such as heat-transfer effect is excellent, compact equipment, gas phase drag are little, reactant loadings is large, heat transfer rate is fast, easy to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the radial schematic diagram of upper perforated plate of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is upper perforated plate schematic three dimensional views of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is upper perforated plate connection diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is flange of the present invention assembling schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the radial schematic diagram of lower perforated plate of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is bearing schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is microchannel of the present invention helix tube cross-sectional view;
Fig. 9 is microchannel spiral tube structure figure of the present invention;
Figure 10 is that access diagram imported and exported by microchannel of the present invention helix tube;
Figure 11 is circulation process figure of the present invention;
Number in the figure explanation
1-heat exchanging fluid outlet, 2-heat exchanging fluid outlet dashpot
3-microchannel helix tube 4-reactant bed
5-housing, 6-temperature tube
7-heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot, 8-heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot exhaust outlet
9-heat exchanging fluid entrance, 10-bearing
11-lower end tube sheet 12-filter screen pipe
13-side cover, 14-nut
15-flange, 16-upper end tube sheet
17-bolt, 18-heat exchanging fluid outlet dashpot exhaust outlet
19-gas phase is imported and exported passage 20-gas phase and is imported and exported
21-sealing ring, 22-stainless steel fixed support net
23-elliptical tube, 24-flange seal ring.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-10, structure of the present invention and operation principle are described further.
The present invention adopts vertical placement, cylindrical housings (5) two ends are fixedly installed upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) respectively, stainless steel fixed support net (22) wall be positioned between upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) axis has multiple hole or groove, its outer wall is enclosed with filter screen pipe (12), and stainless steel fixed support net (22) upper end and gas phase are imported and exported passage (19) and be connected; Upper end tube sheet (16) and cylinder type hollow structure heat exchanging fluid export dashpot (2) and are tightly connected, and lower end tube sheet (11) and cylinder type hollow structure heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot (7) are tightly connected.Arrange many microchannel helix tubes (3) in equilateral triangle mode in housing, and be fixed by the elliptical aperture on upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11), be heat exchanging fluid path in pipe, between microchannel helix tube (3), fill solid-phase reactant.For preventing impurity from entering reactor, gas phase is imported and exported (20) place and is provided with filter.Reactor shell (5) bottom is supported by bearing (10).According to requirements can select skirt support, prop support, leg formula bearing.
In gas-solid phase reaction device of the present invention, be provided with the side cover (13) of filling solid-phase reactant in the side of housing.Tube sheet and housing, by Flange joint, are demountable structure; Simultaneously for strengthen heat transfer matter effect, prevent reactant from being polluted, fluid passage and gas passage, solid reactant bed contact portion are hermetically-sealed construction.
Gas imports and exports (20) through gas phase and gas phase import and export passage (19) enters, reactant bed (4) is diffused into by stainless steel fixed support net (22) and filter screen pipe (12), reactant bed (4) is loose structure, gas diffusion has certain resistance, for ensureing that gas fully contacts with solid reactant bed (4), the initial pressure of 0.2 ~ 1MPa need be adopted to react; The process of reactant bed (4) release gas is the endothermic reaction, need adopt 80 ~ 150
oc heats reactant bed (4) and reacts, record the temperature of housing (5) interior reactant by temperature tube (6), produce gas and import and export passage (19), gas phase import and export (20) discharge reactor through filter screen pipe (12), stainless steel fixed support net (22), gas phase successively; Gas and solid reaction heat are undertaken supplying/removing by heat-conducting mode by the fluid flowed in the microchannel helix tube (3) be arranged in housing (5), according to the amount of heat of releasing/absorbing, rate of flow of fluid is regulated to control the size of transferring heat, because microchannel helix tube (3) and reactant bed (4) contact surface are larger, and flow with turbulence form at pipe cavity inner fluid, its whole reaction bed temperature reaches unanimity substantially, and bed average response speed is very fast.
The present invention shortens the time that gas is diffused into whole reaction bed, and filter screen pipe (12) is placed in the inner centre position of housing (5), and adopt stainless steel or non-metallic material, filter screen pipe (12) diameter is 7 ~ 18mm, and aperture is 100 ~ 500 orders.The present invention, for preventing the deformation failure of filter screen pipe (12) in course of reaction, is provided with a stainless steel fixed support net (22) in filter screen pipe (12) inside, play effect that is fixing and that support, the diameter of stainless steel fixed support net is 5 ~ 15mm.
Microchannel of the present invention helix tube (3) is heat exchanging fluid pipeline, so that heat exchanging fluid fully contacts with reactant, improve heat exchange efficiency, and the thermal stress that conventional fluid conduit produces due to reaction heat and be partially filled thing react time have the phenomenons such as cubical expansion have cause fluid line to break may, microchannel helix tube (3) has certain cushioning effect, effectively can reduce the possibility that fluid line breaks.
In described ellipse spiral microchannel, major axis is 0.5 ~ 1.5mm, interior minor axis is 0.3 ~ 1.1mm, and draw ratio is 0.5 ~ 0.7 wall thickness 0.2 ~ 0.5mm, and spiral external diameter is 2 ~ 5mm, and gap of arranging between each pipe is 5 ~ 10mm.
Upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) have multiple equilateral triangle arrangement ellipse aperture, two plate position of opening are mutually corresponding, so that microchannel helix tube (3) fixing-stable, and exceed two plate 0.1 ~ 0.5mm, the major axis in its aperture is 0.7 ~ 2mm, minor axis 0.5 ~ 1.6mm.
Heat exchanging fluid enters heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot (7) by heat exchanging fluid entrance (9), and by being fixed on the microchannel helix tube (3) on upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11), exporting (1) through heat exchanging fluid import dashpot (2) by heat exchanging fluid and flowing out.
Reacting gas is imported and exported (20) from gas phase and is entered gas phase import and export passage (19), and by being placed in the axially central stainless steel fixed support net of housing (5) and filter screen pipe (12), gas diffuses in reactant bed (4) through filter screen, gas-solid phase reaction occurs, and reaction heat is supplied by the fluid of flowing in the microchannel helix tube (3) of ellipse/is shifted out; The gas that reactant bed (4) discharges imports and exports passage (19), gas phase import and export (20) eliminating reactor by filter screen pipe (12), stainless steel fixed support net (22), gas phase successively.
Heat exchanging fluid outlet dashpot (2) is connected with upper end tube sheet (16) with nut (14) by flange (15) bolt (17), to be convenient for changing upper end tube sheet (16).Reactor is by flange seal ring (24) sealing on flange (15).Flange (15) can according to the use service condition choice criteria flange such as pressure, temperature and sealing ring.
As shown in figure 11, utilize the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation process of metal hydride to carry out hot compression circulation.Compressor assembly is made up of low, high pressure ellipse spiral microchannel gas-solid phase reaction device, by-pass valve control and the pipeline of high-low pressure storage tank, series connection.This compressor assembly by-pass valve control is by 3 stop valves (V1, V3, V5), and 3 check (non-return) valves (V2, V4, V6), by controlling stop valve and check (non-return) valve opening and closing, just can complete the compression process of hydrogen from low pressure to high pressure.Metal hydride is filled in ellipse spiral micro passage reaction, low-pressure reactor one end is connected with Hydrogen Line, inhale hydrogen front opening valve V1, V2, shutoff valve V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8, low-temperature heat exchange fluid (usually adopting 20 ~ 40 °, room temperature cold water) is adopted to cool when inhaling hydrogen, hydrogen is inhaled, saturated rear shutoff valve V1, V2 under initial pressure 2 ~ 10bar; Adopt 80-120 ° of C hot fluid heats low-pressure reactor to design temperature; open valve V3, V4; high-pressure reactor starts the hydrogen absorbing low-pressure reactor releasing; and with 20 ~ 40 ° of C cry-fluid high-pressure reactors; treat that low-temp reaction device is put hydrogen and terminated; after middle temperature reactor suction hydrogen reaches capacity, shutoff valve V3, V4; With 80 ~ 120 ° of C heat exchanging fluid heating high-pressure reactors, open valve V5, V6, high-pressure reactor starts releasing hydrogen gas and diffuses to high pressure storage tank, and put after hydrogen process terminates, namely compressor enters next cyclic process.This compressor assembly structure is simple, and without complex component, conveniently, utilize industrial waste heat or underground heat etc. (low-quality heat) as low, high-pressure reactor driving heat source, running cost is lower for regular maintenance and replacing parts; This ellipse spiral micro passage reaction hydrogen storage property is obviously better than other reactors, heat exchange efficiency is high, metal hydride loading large, just can reach comparatively ideal high pressure for secondary thermocompressor.
Claims (5)
1. a gas-solid phase reaction device, comprise gas phase import and export, heat exchanging fluid import and export, tube sheet and housing, it is characterized in that: cylindrical housings (5) two ends are fixedly installed upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) respectively, being connected with many cross sections between upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) is oval microchannel helix tube (3); Stainless steel fixed support net (22) wall be positioned between upper end tube sheet (16) and lower end tube sheet (11) axis has multiple hole or groove, its outer wall is enclosed with filter screen pipe (12), and stainless steel fixed support net (22) upper end and gas phase are imported and exported passage (19) and be connected;
Form heat exchanging fluid between the upper surface of housing (5) and upper end tube sheet (16) and export dashpot (2), heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot (7) is formed between the lower surface of housing (5) and lower end tube sheet (11), the upper and lower end face of housing (5) is provided with heat exchanging fluid outlet (1) and heat exchanging fluid entrance (9), heat exchanging fluid outlet dashpot (2) sidewall is provided with heat exchanging fluid outlet dashpot exhaust outlet (18), and heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot (7) sidewall is provided with heat exchanging fluid entrance dashpot exhaust outlet (8);
The arrangement mode of microchannel helix tube (3) is equilateral triangle arrangement, and tube pitch is 2 ~ 5 times of microchannel helix tube (3) equivalent diameter.
2. gas-solid phase reaction device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described filter screen pipe (12) adopts stainless steel or non-metallic material, and aperture is 100 ~ 500 orders.
3. gas-solid phase reaction device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: gas phase is imported and exported between passage (19) and upper end tube sheet (16) and sealed with sealing ring (21).
4. gas-solid phase reaction device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cylindrical housings (5) side is provided with the side cover (13) of filling solid-phase reactant.
5. gas-solid phase reaction device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sidewall of cylindrical housings (5) is provided with the temperature tube (6) measuring gas-solid phase reaction temperature.
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| CN201310189618.2A CN103240037B (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | A kind of ellipse spiral tubular type microchannel gas-solid phase reaction device |
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| CN103240037B true CN103240037B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104096525B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-10-28 | 淄博市临淄环宇经贸有限公司 | A kind of micro passage reaction of accomplishing scale production |
| CN105289440B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-12-15 | 西安交通大学 | The hydrogen storage reactor and system that a kind of fin couples with coil heat exchanger |
| CN105797653A (en) * | 2016-03-19 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏怡达化学股份有限公司 | Green synthetic reaction device and technology for preparing epoxypropane through direct oxidation method |
| CN105854781A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-17 | 无锡市翱宇特新科技发展有限公司 | Efficient spiral tubular reactor |
| CN106179167B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-06-21 | 西北大学 | A kind of vapor solid continuous reaction apparatus with augmentation of heat transfer |
| CN107159062B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-05-17 | 湖南安淳高新技术有限公司 | Reactor |
| CN108465454A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-08-31 | 山东豪迈化工技术有限公司 | A kind of tubular reactor |
| CN108745261B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-03-17 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-unit metal hydride heat storage reactor |
| CN108837780B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-10-11 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of hydrogen storage reaction unit of the netted staggeredly floor of multilayer |
| CN108905920B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2023-12-26 | 浙江工业大学上虞研究院有限公司 | Solid-gas micro-channel reactor |
| CN109186292B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2024-01-16 | 辽阳恒业化工有限公司 | Cage type heat exchanger in catalytic hydrogenation reactor |
| CN113955110A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-21 | 西北大学 | Novel high hydrogen storage aerial hydrogenation unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN1909959A (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2007-02-07 | 巴斯福股份公司 | Pipe assembly reactor comprising a helically shaped cross section |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1909959A (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2007-02-07 | 巴斯福股份公司 | Pipe assembly reactor comprising a helically shaped cross section |
| CN101143310A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2008-03-19 | 西安交通大学 | Micro-via type chemical heat pump reactor |
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