CN103238564B - Feeding and management method for female yak and yak calf for producing traceable white yak calf meat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a feeding and management method for a female yak and a yak calf for producing traceable white yak calf meat. The steps include that a pregnant female yak is fed and managed in a mode of pasturing, a warm shed and supplementary feeding within three months before calving; after calving, healthy male yak calves with the birth weight larger than 12.5 kg are selected; the calves must suck beestings within 0.5-1 hour after birth and obtain maternal antibody as soon as possible, in the first 0-7 days, the beestings is mainly fed, in the day 7, paratyphoid immunization is conducted on the calves, and from the day 8 before the calves leave the shed, a feeding and management mode of full-breast-feeding and pasturing along with the female yak is practiced; simultaneously the female yak after giving birth to the calves is fed and managed in a mode of pasturing and supplementary feeding, after the calves are fed for 24-26 weeks, healthy bull calves with weight larger than 80 kilograms leave the shed and are butchered to produce the traceable white yak calf meat. The yak calves fed in a standard mode is tender in meat texture, and the meat is rich in amino acid, vitamin and the like required by human bodies and easy to digest and has Tibet plateau characteristics.

Description

A cow and calf feeding management method for making traceable small white yak meat

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock feeding, in particular to a method for feeding and managing cows and calves for making small white yak meat.

Background technique

Calves for making small white yak meat refer to healthy male calves born in mid-to-late April with a birth weight of more than 12.5 kg, and fed to male calves with a live weight of 80 kg or more at the age of 24-26 weeks. Because the meat color is lighter than that of adult yaks, it is called "little white yak meat". Small white yak meat is tender and delicious, with a protein content of more than 22% and a fat content of less than 1.3%. It has all the amino acids and vitamins needed by the human body and is easy to digest and absorb. It is an ideal meat food suitable for all ages. Xiaobai yak meat can be developed and utilized as high-grade meat food.

The production of small white yak meat effectively utilizes the biological characteristics of rapid early growth and development of calves, speeds up the turnover of cattle, reduces the death of calves overwintering, reduces the burden on female yaks and pressure on pastures, and improves the economics of herdsmen. income.

However, there is currently no standardized feeding management method for cows and calves that produce traceable white yak meat. The young yak meat raised by the feeding method provided by the present invention is delicate and tender, rich in amino acids and vitamins necessary for human body, easy to digest and absorb, and is a special meat food on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a standardized method for feeding and managing cows and calves for making small white yak meat.

For reaching this purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The method for feeding and managing cows and calves for making traceable small white yak meat comprises the following steps:

A. Pregnant cows adopt the feeding management mode of "grazing + warm shed + supplementary feeding" 3 months before calving, that is, grazing on the pasture during the day, supplementary feeding after returning to grazing at night, and staying in the warm shed overnight Inside;

B. After the calving of the cow, select a healthy male calf whose birth weight is greater than 12.5kg;

C. The calf must suck the colostrum 0.5-1 hour after birth, so as to obtain the maternal antibody as soon as possible, mainly feed the colostrum from 0 to 7 days, and immunize the calf against paratyphoid at the age of 7 days, from the 8th day to the 7th day. Before slaughter, the feeding management mode of full-feeding and grazing with the mother is implemented. At the same time, the feeding management mode of "grazing + supplementary feeding" is implemented for postpartum cows, that is, grazing on the pasture during the day and supplementary feeding after returning to grazing at night.

D. Select healthy male calves fed to 24-26 weeks old and weighing more than 80kg for slaughter for traceable small white yak meat production.

Preferably, the supplementary feeding in the step A is supplementary feeding with 3 kg of green hay, 0.5 kg of cornmeal or highland barley flour, and supplementary feeding of 500 ml of physiological sugar saline within 1 day after giving birth to the cows.

Preferably, all newborn male calves in the step B wear ear tags, and files are established to trace the production of small white yak meat.

Preferably, in the step C, the postpartum cows are fed with 0.5 kg of cornmeal or highland barley flour after returning to pasture, and the minerals are licked freely, and the cows and calves are injected with anthrax vaccine, cows and calves at regular doses one month after delivery. Pasteurellosis inactivated vaccine, foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine, each vaccine is injected at an interval of more than 7 days, and cows and calves are injected with ivermectin and anti-histamine two months after delivery for internal and external deworming, the dosages are respectively 0.02mg/kg body weight and 10mg/kg body weight.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the prepared small white yak meat is delicate and tender, delicious in taste, high in nutritional value, high in protein, low in fat, rich in amino acids and vitamins necessary for the human body, easy to digest and absorb, and is characteristic of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. meat food.

Description of drawings

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in combination with specific implementation methods.

From mid-January, the pregnant cows adopt the feeding management mode of "grazing + greenhouse + supplementary feeding", that is, they graze on the pasture during the day, supplement them with supplementary feeding after returning to grazing at night, and sleep in the greenhouse overnight. Supplementary feeding is 3kg of green hay, 0.5kg of cornmeal or barley flour after returning to grazing, and 500ml of physiological sugar saline within 1 day after delivery.

After the cows calved in mid-April, healthy male calves with a birth weight of more than 12.5 kg were selected. All newborn male calves wear ear tags, and files are established to trace the production of small white yak meat. The calf sucks colostrum 0.5 to 1 hour after birth to obtain maternal antibodies as soon as possible. It is mainly fed with colostrum from 0 to 7 days, and the calf is immunized against paratyphoid at the age of 7 days. From the 8th day to before the slaughter The feeding and management mode of full-feeding and grazing with the mother is implemented. At the same time, the feeding and management mode of "grazing + supplementary feeding" is carried out for the postpartum cows; and the postpartum cows are supplemented with 0.5kg of cornmeal or highland barley noodles after returning to pasture, and they are free to lick minerals and bricks. In mid-May, regular doses of anthrax vaccine, bovine Pasteurella disease inactivated vaccine, and foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine were administered to cows and calves, with an interval of more than 7 days between each vaccine injection.

In June, cows and calves were injected with ivermectin and antihistamine for in vivo and in vitro deworming, with dosages of 0.02 mg/kg body weight and 10 mg/kg body weight, respectively.

A healthy male calf weighing up to 80kg was selected to be fed to 24 weeks of age, and the male calf was slaughtered for traceable small white yak meat production.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technology can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. , should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (2)

1. A cow and calf feeding and management method for making traceable white yak meat, is characterized in that, comprising the following steps: A. Pregnant cows adopt the feeding management mode of "grazing + warm shed + supplementary feeding" 3 months before calving, that is, grazing on the pasture during the day, supplementary feeding after returning to grazing at night, and staying in the warm shed overnight In, the supplementary feeding is 3kg of green hay after returning to grazing, 0.5kg of corn flour or highland barley flour, and 500ml of physiological sugar saline within 1 day after giving birth to the cow; B. After the cows calve, select healthy male calves whose birth weight is greater than 12.5kg; C. The calf must suck the colostrum 0.5-1 hour after birth, so as to obtain the maternal antibody as soon as possible, mainly feed the colostrum from 0 to 7 days, and immunize the calf against paratyphoid at the age of 7 days, from the 8th day to the 7th day. The feeding and management mode of full-feeding and grazing with the mother is implemented before slaughter, and the feeding and management mode of "grazing + supplementary feeding" is implemented for postpartum cows, that is, grazing on the pasture during the day and supplementary feeding after returning to grazing at night. After the cows return to pasture, they are supplemented with 0.5kg of corn flour or highland barley flour, and they are free to lick minerals and bricks. One month after delivery, the cows and calves are injected with anthrax vaccine, bovine Pasteurella disease inactivated vaccine, and foot-and-mouth disease inactivated at regular doses. Vaccines, each vaccine is injected at an interval of more than 7 days, and the cows and calves are injected with ivermectin and antihistamine for in vivo and in vitro deworming two months after delivery, and the dosage is 0.02mg/kg body weight and 10mg/kg body weight respectively; D. Select healthy male calves fed to 24-26 weeks old and weighing more than 80kg for slaughter for traceable small white yak meat production. 2. A kind of cow and calf feeding and management method of making traceable small white yak meat as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, all the newborn male calves in the step B wear ear tags, set up files, and carry out traceable Trace the production of Xiaobai Yak meat.