CN103234249A - Urban water air-conditioning system based on upstream water source and air temperature regulating method of system - Google Patents
Urban water air-conditioning system based on upstream water source and air temperature regulating method of system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an urban water air-conditioning system based on an upstream water source and an air temperature regulating method of the system. The system comprises an upstream water taking source, an upstream water diversion pipeline and an upstream catchment treatment factory building in a water diversion system, an urban water use infrastructure, a residential area, a set water delivery pipeline and a water air conditioner in a water supply and use system, and a downstream catchment treatment factory building, a downstream set pipeline and a downstream water use facility in a water treatment distribution system. In the method, a water body is used as a medium, catchment and temperature regulation are performed in the upstream catchment treatment factory building in the water diversion system, the water air conditioner in the water supply and use system is actually a temperature regulator and secondarily controls water temperature when water enters the indoor water air conditioner, namely the temperature regulator through a water air conditioner connecting water pipe, indoor air temperature is controlled by a water air conditioner regulating switch so that the indoor temperature is regulated, and water distributed by the water treatment distribution system can be used for water supply such as urban life, or chemical production, or farm irrigation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of city municipal works technology, be particularly related to a kind of water body that utilizes as media, based on municipal water air-conditioning system and the indoor air temperature control method thereof at water source, upstream, this system and indoor air temperature control method can be applicable to cooling/warming system engineering aspect in the city municipal works of public infrastructures such as residential quarters, school, hospital.
Background technology
Current society, because the high speed development of industry etc., environmental pollution is serious day by day, and electric power is relatively more nervous always, and development its environmental protection, sustainableization is imperative trend always.And the depletion of the ozone layer of traditional air-conditioning, high energy consumption are runed counter to the theory of environmental protection and energy saving always, but owing to never have better temperature control measure and can't be banned always.Many cities have all reached the situation of 15 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year within north and south latitude 45 degree, make the season temperature difference obvious all the more, are accompanied by the increased of extreme weather, and the environment of life has been subjected to stern challenge.Be example with China's Sichuan Chengdu Plain: the climate type of Chengdu Plain is the subtropical zone monsoon climate; Its soil is mainly produced paddy rice based on purple soil.The area, Chengdu is under the irrigation in the rivers such as Ming River below the Dujiang weir, and this sheet Plain flood, drought are less.Be exactly the China's economic prosperity, one of area that produce are the richlyest endowed also is the area that the unique a slice of whole western part of China keeps higher development level always, is described as " land of plenty " from ancient times.The Chengdu year-round average temperature was about 18 ℃ in 2011; Mean annual precipitation is more than 1000 millimeters, and year on average about 270 days rainy day, the foggy of area, Chengdu is one of maximum area of Chinese rainy weather.But because of mountain region, contiguous Chuan Xi plateau, Plain, be subjected to the influence of the cold air of mountain region sinking deeply, the Plain river is mostly from the ice and snow melt water in mountain region, western plateau in addition, simultaneously, the area, ancient stream channel of hypsography low-lying on the Plain, the level of ground water height, soil is cold wet, so Chengdu Plain no matter temperature, water temperature and soil temperature is all lower, heat condition than the Sichuan Basin other areas inferior a little.
The area, Chengdu is because face of land height above sea level significant difference directly causes climatic elements such as water, heat skewness spatially.Chengdu year-round average temperature in 2011 is about 18 ℃, and is higher 2-3 ℃ than area, the same latitude middle and lower reach of Yangtze River.With Chengdu Plain summer be example, in summer, Chengdu temperature on average shows as the trend of sustainable growth in recent years, it is high to make that the Chengdu Plain summer temperature continues, it is little to add outdoor wind speed, vast Plain, Chengdu, knob wind speed are about 1-1.5 meter per seconds, therefore make Chengdu Area during Summer indoor temperature also high.2012 annual maximum temperatures are near 40 ℃, such as, on August 10th, 2012, the urban district temperature was up to 39.3 ℃, six, seven, the mean temperature of August also is higher than 30 ℃.So problem that must solve greatly that room temperature lowering has become many families to face in the summer of sweltering heat, what be used for now that temperature reduction way generally uses is the refrigeration that traditional air-conditioning carries out summer, but present nearly all traditional air-conditioning is fluorine-containing air-conditioning, and discharging contains fluorochlorohydrocarbon (great majority are freon).A large amount of productions and the use of freon, and enter atmosphere, because inertia, not by rain drop erosion, the life-span is extremely long, they can be diffused in the high stratosphere of 10-50km intactly, the destruction that causes ozone layer.When being discharged into atmosphere, can be raised to atmospheric upper strata because contain the cold-producing medium of chlorine composition, can be decomposed to form chlorine atom free radical in stratosphere by ultraviolet irradiation, become the catalyst that ozone is decomposed.Chlorine atom free radical is the main matter that damages the ozone layer, and they are to carry out in the mode of catalysis to the destruction of ozone.It is estimated, a chlorine atom free radical can destroy 104-105 ozone molecules, also there is synergy between chlorine atom free radical and the bromine atoms free radical, be that the two is when existing simultaneously, the ability of destroying ozone be greater than the two simply add and, (this pact is called for short " Vienna Convention " usually, and on March 22nd, 1985 ordered in Vienna, and comes into force on September 22nd, 1988 like this destruction of ozone layer have been run counter to " Vienna Convention on Protection of Ozone Layer "; China adds this pact on September 11st, 1989, and on December 10 the same year, this pact comes into force to China); And (former protocol was ordered in Montreal on September 16th, 1987 not meet " about the Montreal Agreement book of ODS " through revising.Passed through twice correction.The protocol of herbal classic correction came into force on August 20th, 1992.The instrument of accession is deposited by the Government of the People's Republic of China on June 13rd, 1991.The protocol of this correction came into force to China on August 20th, 1992).Well-known in addition, not only power consumption power consumption of the high power that the tradition air conditioner refrigerating heats, and behaviour denounces always, on June 29th, 2011, the Chengdu power consumption reached 582.7 ten thousand kilowatts, the highlyest then 7000000 kilowatts have been surpassed, Augusts 10 in 2012, daily power consumption reached 724.51 ten thousand kilowatts, surpass 677.32 ten thousand kilowatts of August 9,6,800,000 kilowatts of Chengdu safe operation bearing capacitys have also been surpassed, in whole summer, Chengdu air conditioning electricity load accounts for 1/3 of whole power load, therefore, and to the sustainable development of Chengdu area surroundings, the energy-saving and emission-reduction principles and policies carry out and taking full advantage of of resource caused harmful effect.
Administrative area under one's jurisdiction, Chengdu in 2010 area reaches 1.21 ten thousand square kilometres, comprises 6 counties, 4 cities, 9 districts.At the year ends 2010, Chengdu household register total population is 1149.07 ten thousand people, is only second to Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqing, and wherein urban district population is 535.15 ten thousand people, county (city) population is 613.92 ten thousand people.The whole city is totally 430.68 ten thousand families, 199.88 ten thousand families, urban district wherein, and county (city) is 230.88 ten thousand families, average each household 2.67 people, urban district each household 2.68 people.Whole city's density of population is every square kilometre of 944 people, and wherein the urban district is populous, every square kilometre of 2514 people.The scale in dense population, the sufficient size of population and city is easy to the popularization of cooling/warming system engineering in the municipal works, and it is rationally feasible and economical to carry out pipe laying on a large scale, and this is task of the present invention place just also.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is being based on the problems referred to above, and a kind of municipal water air-conditioning system based on the water source, upstream and indoor air temperature control method thereof are provided; The present invention is by theory analysis, and the water of quoting Dujiang weir Zi Pingpu Reservoir region water and the Chengdu Plain rivers of flowing through for Chengdu Plain solves the problem of city cooling, and this is a kind of system engineering of permanently effective and environmental protection.This system engineering can be carried out effective cooling in summer to the city, and the temperature control of heating in winter can have good environmental benefit with water as using energy source again; And this system engineering has good social benefit for the municipal works of city.
Basic ideas of the present invention are: the water bodys such as river, upper pond, lake that utilize the city of flowing through in the upstream, city are introduced the city processing factory building that catchments with current by institute's tubing, utilize water body and the indoor temperature difference to control application principle as temperature and handle; To lay fortune waterpipe inflow by institute indoor for current afterwards, carries out indoor temperature and exchange under the adjustment effect that indoor DIE Temperature adjuster that is water air conditioner carry out, and air-flow is exchanged in the inlet chamber to improve indoor temperature.This water air-conditioning system is except improving the temperature, and the water after also shunting can being handled enters water supply pipe in order to carry out water supply used water in the daily life; The water that namely carries out after indoor exchange is finished compiles in the inflow water treatment separate system through lay fortune waterpipe, a part of water is shunted to be circulated back to and is carried out living water in the city after treatment again, and Yi Bufen water then flows into water place, downstream and carries out such as water supply such as Chemical Manufacture, field irrigations in addition.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the technical scheme be made of following measure to realize.
A kind of municipal water air-conditioning system based on the water source, upstream of the present invention according to the present invention, comprises diversion system, water supply used water system and water treatment separate system three parts; Described diversion system comprises upstream water intaking water source, upstream conduit pipe, the upstream processing factory building that catchments; Described water supply used water system comprises urban water infrastructure, residential block, fortune waterpipe and the water air conditioner laid; Described water treatment separate system comprises catchmenting in the downstream and handles factory building, downstream institute's tubing and downstream drainage facility; The water at described diversion system middle and upper reaches water intaking water source is incorporated into the upstream processing factory building that catchments through the upstream conduit pipe, flows into the water supply used water system after treatment; The water supply used water system offers urban water infrastructure and residential block with water by lay fortune waterpipe, and flow into the water air conditioner that is positioned at urban water infrastructure and inside, residential block, the water air conditioner carries out secondary control to water temperature, and then carries out temperature exchange; Flow into downstream in the water treatment separate system processing factory building that catchments by lay fortune waterpipe again through the water of temperature exchange, flow into the downstream drainage facility by downstream institute tubing again; Water by shunting namely can be used for urban life or water supply such as Chemical Manufacture or field irrigation.
In the such scheme, described water air conditioner comprises water air conditioner body, the water air conditioner air inlet in the water Air conditioner box, and water air conditioner fan, water air conditioner water inlet, the water air conditioner connects water pipe, water air conditioner delivery port and water air conditioner air outlet; Described water air conditioner water inlet is connected water pipe and connects with the water air conditioner, the water air conditioner connects water pipe and is connected with water air conditioner delivery port. and air factor enters from water air conditioner air inlet, air factor drives through the rotation of water air conditioner fan, be connected cold water generation sufficient heat exchange in the water pipe with the water air conditioner, make the air factor cooling that enters the water air conditioner, cooling air factor is later sent from the water air conditioner air outlet by water air conditioner fan, the water temperature that the temperature rising of heat exchange takes place then flows out from the water air conditioner delivery port that connects, and controls its temperature by water air conditioner switch.
The present invention is based on the city indoor air temperature control method at water source, upstream, may further comprise the steps:
(1) with water body as media, in diversion system, catchment by the upstream and handle the factory building temperature adjustment of catchmenting;
(2) introduce the water supply used water system by the upstream conduit pipe laid in the diversion system water after with the temperature adjustment of catchmenting in the diversion system, and enter urban water infrastructure and residential block by the fortune waterpipe of wherein laying, connect water pipe by the water air conditioner again and water air conditioner water inlet flows into its indoor water air conditioner;
(3) described water air conditioner carries out the control of water temperature secondary to the current that enter, and utilizes the colder current generation sufficient heat exchange by the water air conditioner air inlet leaked-in air factor and inflow;
(4) carry out the water temperature that secondary is controlled by the water air conditioner, the rotation of the water air conditioner fan in water air conditioner body again, the room air that improves after the temperature is blown out in water air conditioner body, thereby carry out the indoor air temperature exchange, and control its temperature by water air conditioner by-pass cock;
(5) current after at last indoor temperature exchange being finished flow into downstream water processing separate system by lays fortune waterpipe and flow into the downstream processing factory building that catchments afterwards, water after the processing, flow into the downstream drainage facility by downstream institute tubing again, enter the city as living water, or Chemical Manufacture, or field irrigation is supplied water.
Water air conditioner in the water supply used water of the present invention system is actually a thermoregulator, when connecting by the water air conditioner after the water air conditioner is thermoregulator in the water pipe inlet chamber, the water air conditioner carries out secondary control to water temperature, control indoor air temperature by the Push And Release of water air conditioner by-pass cock again, to reach the purpose of regulating indoor temperature.
Now feasibility of the present invention is described further.
One, the present invention's feasibility theoretically is as follows:
Be example with Dujiang weir, Sichuan Province purple tiling reservoir.
To reach 17 degree at the water surface layer of purple tiling of 6-7 month reservoir to the temperature difference of bottom, purple level ground is spread Reservoir region and is about 26.5Km, and maximum water depth reaches 133m, and the average gradient in reservoir area is about 0.51%, the average wide about 618m of the water surface.Be the megathermal period June to September, the water temperature that becomes a mandarin and temperature reach the highest, vertically two thermoclines occurred and distribute-in the water body of the about 10m in surface, owing to the aqueous vapor heat exchange has formed a very thin thermocline, bucket temperature is up to 21-25 ℃, and the temperature difference can reach 4-7 ℃ in the thermocline; (these data are selected from " the shop water temperature of reservoir forecasting research of purple level ground ", water conservancy and hydropower technology the 34th volume, the 9th phase in 2003, Deng Yun, Li Jia, Li Kefeng, Zhao Wenqian.）
Near the vertical convection current of the water body thermocline lower outlet is violent, the hypolimnion of thick about 50m of about 17 degree of temperature occurred; And the bottom water temperature still is lower than 9 ℃, and the very big thermocline of gradient appears between the hypolimnion of bottom cryosphere and heat.Show that according to the scientific research of purple tiling distribution of water temperature when the August, water temperature difference reaches maximum, be lower than the needs that 17 ℃ water temperature can satisfy people's water air-conditioning, its water level is 800m, and the bottom of the reservior water level is 750m.Be the degree of depth of available water body between the two, then inquire into accordingly and available water body volume, as shown in Figure 1.For this reason, just can calculate the water yield for the diversion temperature adjustment.Namely on the one hand by the Chengdu monthly average highest temperature in summer, the temperature that human body is pleasant, try to achieve the highest water temperature of reservoir that can be used for water air-conditioning system, thereby the vertical distribution layer of the water temperature of knowing available water body (being the thermograde of water temperature in the vertical direction), and then be approximated to triangle according to the thickness of the vertical distribution layer of available water body along the distance of distance dam body and change, inquire into the available water body total amount V that water temperature in the reservoir is lower than the requirement temperature
WaterCan inquire into per capita that indoor air temperature reduces liberated heat once on the other hand by the specific heat capacity of the per capita interior space in Chengdu and air, in conjunction with indoor total population and then try to achieve the temperature to human comfort (24 ℃) that room temperature need reduce and namely realize the actual required water body total amount V of city temperature adjustment
Need
(1) V
WaterBe calculated as follows:
Because the geographical position of purple tiling has just determined its diversion to be primarily aimed in Chengdu (for the adjacent reservoir in other cities similar calculating demonstration method is arranged, will set forth) in the popularity demonstration.The highest temperature in summer in Chengdu generally occurs in late July to mid-August, to occur after the last ten-days period in July continuing a few days be higher than 35 ℃ " heat " weather August temperature for early August temperature on average be 26.6～28.6 ℃, compare higher 0.6～2.5 ℃ with domestic ad eundem large-and-medium size cities; Mid-August, temperature on average was 26.8～28.8 ℃, compared higher 2.2～4.0 ℃ with domestic ad eundem large-and-medium size cities; Late August is 23.6～25.1 ℃.The temperature of desirable higher July end is for analyzing data, as shown in Figure 1 for this reason.
Now getting indoor temperature is 29 ℃, and the pleasant temperature of human body is 24 ℃.Temperature adjustment Δ T=5 ° C then.For the highest water temperature that reaches this cooling-down effect and need will be 17 ℃.Available water body total amount is by calculating as can be known:
In the formula: V
WaterRepresent available water body total amount, Δ H represents available water body maximum temperature place water level to the water-head of bottom of the reservior, and Δ X represents before the dam section to the length of tail water position,
Represent the average section width.
(2) V
NeedBe calculated as follows:
Need the water aspect from the city cooling, according to " Chengdu statistical yearbook in 2011 " as can be known, the Chengdu area of residence per capita is 29.52 square metres, take all factors into consideration shared area, need not aspects such as tubing area, careat is got 1/3-1/2 of the indoor gross area per capita, be example with maximum ratio 1/2, getting chamber height is 3.5 meters, thereby obtains indoor taking up room per capita
Square metre.
Simultaneously, the specific heat at constant pressure of air is c
Press=1.004KJ/ (Kg*K), the molal volume under the mark condition of air is V
Mol=22.4L/mol, the molal weight of air is M
Mol=29g/mol, know that through converting specific heat at constant pressure is:
In the formula:
The specific heat at constant pressure of air after representative converts, c
PressRepresent former pressurization by compressed air specific heat capacity
M
MolRepresent the molal weight of air, V
MolRepresent the molal volume of air under the mark condition.
By the indoor space of occupying per capita
Specific heat capacity with air
The energy that can obtain interior space reduction per capita once will need to discharge is:
To assume city average room temperature in summer 30 degree, in order reaching than comfortable environment, room temperature need to be transferred to 24 degree, can calculate instant water requirement this moment is V
Need=183736m
3, as shown in Table 1.
Table one Chengdu variations in temperature computational chart
Need to remedy the loss that water can be in the diversion process simultaneously, then V
Need=300000m
3,
Because V
Need＜V
Water, then provable is feasible in theory.
For satisfying the sustainability requirement, it is comparatively appropriate that the diversion flow should not influence hydropower station in the actual moving process.Come discharge and generating water requirement at purple tiling reservoir are taken all factors into consideration, and the diversion flow can be taken as 200m
3/ s.
Two, popularity demonstration of the present invention is as follows:
China's Panzhihua two beach reservoirs belong to formula deep water storehouse, typical valley, and its backwater length surpasses 140km, and two beach reservoir water body superficial layers are about 11 degree to the temperature difference of bottom in summer.The water body surface temperature is from 18.7 ℃ of 15 ℃ of being reduced in March, 2006 in November, 2005 before the reservoir dam, water temperature raises gradually subsequently, from 21.5 ℃ of 25.2 ℃ of being elevated in July, 2006 gradually May in 2006, be reduced to 17.1 ℃ of December at last, the surface temperature luffing reaches about lO ℃, as seen before the two beach reservoir dams water body surface temperature with seasonal variations, summer temp height and winter temperature is low.Bottom water temperature in November, 2005 is 14 ℃, and be 9.7 ℃ in March, 03, and be 10.1 ℃ May, and be 10.6 ℃ July, and be 11.O ℃ December, and the bottom water temperature luffing only is 4.3 ℃.Reservoir is water temperature data See Figure in recent years.The temperature in present desirable July is as basis.Two beach reservoirs are the July, and water body is lower than 17 ℃ vertical distribution layer, and to the bottom of the reservior, vertically the thickness of distribution layer has reached nearly 100m from about depth of water 80m.Vertical distribution layer thickness than the purple 50m that tiles has been Duoed one times.(" the arch dam actual measurement storehouse coolant-temperature gage analysis and research of two beaches ", the power station design, the 22nd the 2nd phase of volume, in June, 2006, Yuan Qiong)
By in the demonstration of purple tiling as can be known in the diversion temperature adjustment engineering for the demand of 17 ℃ water temperature, two beach reservoirs have the sufficient water yield.
On the other hand, the temperature adjustment object of two beach reservoirs is elected Panzhihua City nearby as.The year ends 2009, household register total population 111.58 ten thousand people of the whole city, wherein: Sector East population 31.92 ten thousand people, Westbound population 15.52 ten thousand people, Renhe District population 21.76 ten thousand people, Miyi County's population 21.76 ten thousand people, Yanbian County population 20.62 ten thousand people.
As seen the population of Panzhihua City is far fewer than Population in Chengdu City, and by purple tiling reservoir for the demonstration of the temperature adjustment in Chengdu in like manner as can be known, two beach reservoirs are feasible popularizations to the temperature adjustment of Panzhihua City.
The abundant water resource of China, numerous reservoir engineerings, the present invention provides application prospect widely for diversion temperature adjustment engineering.Especially south can obtain using very widely for medium-sized and large-scale hydroelectric project.
Advantage and beneficial technical effects that the present invention has are as follows:
1, abnormality largely appears in China's weather in recent years, and summer, rare hot weather appearred in the area, many places in China, and What is more, and then the duration is several thoughtful one month in certain areas; This will influence the normal work of people and life to a certain extent, thereby disturb economic development indirectly.And the present invention utilizes the water temperature delamination of water body, the summer high temperature situation then can be slowed down to a great extent in the cities and towns that lower floor's low temperature water body that reservoir is comparatively sufficient causes nearby, winter, cold situation was built a comfortable nice and cool interior space for people to a certain extent.
2, owing in hot weather, will strengthen people to the use of air-conditioning, thereby cause shortage of electric power, the power system excess load is runed, and cities and towns and the rural area not too eager in electricity consumption frequently cut off the power supply to satisfy metropolitan need for electricity; And diversion of the present invention cooling can reduce people air-conditioning made to alleviate the present situation of power tense instantly.
3, from the aspect of environment, consumption ozone materials such as freon are the arch-criminals of depletion of the ozone layer, and its chemical property is stable.Because their average life spans in atmosphere reach hundreds of years, so the major part of discharging is still stayed in the atmosphere, freon at the troposphere quite stable, after rising enters stratosphere, under certain meteorological condition, can be decomposed under the effect of intense UV rays, the chlorine atom that decomposition discharges constantly destroys ozone molecule with ozone meeting chain-react; Scientist estimates that a chlorine atom can destroy tens thousand of ozone molecules; Too much discharging freon will aggravate the deterioration of greenhouse effects greatly, the present invention is upstream, city or the urban river water source of flowing through by reference, utilize water body and indoor temperature difference to carry out the method that indoor air temperature regulates and to reduce people to the use of traditional air-conditioning, carry out indoor temperature regulation by a kind of new method, thereby avoid too much freon to the adverse effect of environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the purple tiling in Dujiang weir, Chengdu reservoir in August, 2002 water temperature delamination schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 proves the FB(flow block) schematic diagram for the water yield of diversion temperature adjustment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be before the Panzhihua two beach reservoir dams within the water body 700m section water temperature 1 year namely year December in November, 2005-2006 the data distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram representation that the present invention is based on each components of system as directed in the municipal water air-conditioning system at water source, upstream;
Fig. 5 the present invention is based on water supply used water components of system as directed water air conditioner structure schematic diagram in the municipal water air-conditioning system at water source, upstream, and wherein (a) is each parts decomposing schematic representation of water air conditioner; (b) be water air conditioner overall structure schematic diagram.
Among the figure, 1 diversion system, water intaking water source, 2 upstreams, 3 upstream conduit pipes, the 4 upstreams processing factory building that catchments, 5 water supply used water systems, 6 urban water infrastructure, 7 residential blocks, the 8 fortune waterpipes of laying, 9 water air conditioners, 10 water treatment separate systems, the 11 downstreams processing factory building that catchments, 12 downstreams institute tubing, 13 downstream drainage facilities, 14 water air conditioner bodies, 15 water air conditioner air inlets, 16 water air conditioner fans, 17 water air conditioner water inlets, 18 water air conditioners connect water pipe, 19 water air conditioner delivery ports, 20 water air conditioner air outlets, 21 water air conditioner by-pass cockes.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but and do not mean that it is any restriction to protection domain of the present invention.
Among Fig. 1, according among the purple tiling in Dujiang weir, Chengdu reservoir in August, the 2002 water temperature delamination figure as can be known, the water temperature that is lower than 17 ℃ can satisfy people to the needs of water air-conditioning, its water level is 800m, and the bottom of the reservior water level is 750m, and difference between the two is the vertical distribution layer of available water body.
Among Fig. 2, on the one hand by the Chengdu monthly average highest temperature in summer, the temperature that human body is pleasant, try to achieve the highest water temperature of reservoir that can be used for water air-conditioning system, thereby know the vertical distribution layer of available water body, and then be approximated to triangle according to the vertical distribution layer thickness of available water body along the distance of distance dam body and change, inquire into that water temperature is lower than 17 ℃ available water body total amount V in the reservoir
WaterCan inquiring into per capita by the specific heat capacity of the per capita interior space in Chengdu and air on the other hand, indoor air temperature reduces liberated heat once, in conjunction with indoor total population and then try to achieve room temperature and need be reduced to the human comfort temperature value, namely realize the actual required water body total amount V of municipal water air-conditioning temperature adjustment
Need, V
WaterAnd V
NeedConcern the existing demonstration in front.
Among Fig. 3, Sichuan Panzhihua City two beach reservoirs the July, water body be lower than 17 ℃ vertical distribution layer from about depth of water 80m to the bottom of the reservior, the thickness of distribution layer has reached nearly 100m, has Duoed one times than the thickness of the vertical distribution layer of the 50m of purple tiling.
Among Fig. 4, the water at diversion system 1 middle and upper reaches water intakings water source 2 flows into the upstreams, city by upstream conduit pipe 3 and catchments and handle factory building 4 and handle, water after treated flows to water supply used water system 5, supply with urban water infrastructure 6 and residential block 7 by it by lay fortune waterpipe 8, and it is thermoregulator that current flow into the water air conditioner 9 that is arranged in urban water infrastructure 6 and residential block 7, current flow into water treatment separate system 10 by lay fortune waterpipe 8 again after the 9 secondary temperature adjustments of water air conditioner are handled, catchment and handle factory building 11 in downstream in water treatment separate system 10, water after treatment flows into downstream drainage facility 13 by downstream institute tubing 12 again, can be further used for dispersion treatment zone, water source, downstream as zone, booth farmland, dispersion treatment zone in water source, downstream is as the zone, greenery patches, the regional water as zone, chemical plant etc. of water source, downstream dispersion treatment.
(b) is the structural representation of water air conditioner in the municipal water air-conditioning system among Fig. 5, and its concrete workflow is as follows:
Water air conditioner body 14 in the described water air conditioner 9 includes water air-conditioning air inlet 15, water air conditioner fan 16 directly connects domestic power supply drive work, water air conditioner water inlet 17 is connected water pipe 18 and connects with the water air conditioner, the water air conditioner connects water pipe 18 and is connected with water air conditioner delivery port 19; Current in the inlet chamber flow into water air conditioner 9 by water air conditioner water inlet 17, and 9 pairs of water temperatures of water air conditioner are carried out secondary control, and carry out adjustment by water air conditioner by-pass cock 21; Be connected colder current generation sufficient heat exchange in the water pipe 18 with the water air conditioner by the water air conditioner air inlet 15 leaked-in air factors, air factor after the cooling is by 16 rotations of water air conditioner fan in the water air conditioner body 14, air after the temperature reduction is sent from water air conditioner air outlet 20, thereby reached the purpose that cooling improves temperature.Current after heat exchange is finished flow out through water air conditioner delivery port 19, and the flow rate of water flow of whole process and relevant temperature can specifically be controlled by water air conditioner by-pass cock 21, so far finish temperature controlled processes one time.
Embodiment
(1) with water body as media, in diversion system 1, catchment by the upstream and handle factory building 4 temperature adjustment of catchmenting;
(2) introduce water supply used water system 5 by the upstream conduit pipe 3 laid in the diversion system 1 water after with the temperature adjustment of catchmenting in the diversion system 1, and enter urban water infrastructure 6 and residential block 7 by the fortune waterpipe of wherein laying 8, connect water pipe 18 by the water air conditioner again and water air conditioner water inlet 17 flows into its indoor water air conditioners 9;
(3) 9 pairs of current that enter of described water air conditioner carry out the control of water temperature secondary, utilize the colder current generation sufficient heat exchange by the water air conditioner air inlet 15 leaked-in air factors and inflow;
(4) carry out the water temperature that secondary is controlled by water air conditioner 9, the rotation of the water air conditioner fan 16 in water air conditioner body 14 again, the room air that improves after the temperature is blown out in water air conditioner body 14, thereby carry out the indoor air temperature exchange, and by water air conditioner by-pass cock 21 its temperature of control;
(5) current after at last indoor temperature exchange being finished are laid fortune waterpipe 8 inflow downstream waters processing separate systems 10 by institute, flowing into the downstream afterwards again catchments and handles factory building 11, water after the processing, flow into downstream drainage facility 13 by downstream institute tubing 12 again, enter the city as living water, or Chemical Manufacture, or field irrigation is supplied water.
With Chengdu summer refrigeration be example, assuming city temperature on average in summer in recent years is 31 ℃, and according to physiology as can be known, the pleasant temperature of human body is 24 ℃, therefore refrigeration system just need transfer to 24 ℃ from 31 ℃ with temperature in the embodiment of the invention, if do not consider energy transfer efficiency and passing time problem, ideally according to thermodynamics knowledge as can be known, the water source temperature that refrigeration system needs should be 17 ℃ simultaneously.On the other hand, consider energy transfer efficiency and passing time problem, because the heat transfer water The limited time of fluidised form and the efficient in the energy transmission own are not 100%, so, the water source temperature that refrigeration system needs should be lower than 17 ℃.Take all factors into consideration the influence of each factor, the water temperature that refrigeration system needs in the embodiment of the invention is decided to be 13 ℃.
In conjunction with purple tiling water temperature layered arrangement figure in July such as Fig. 1, know that 13 ℃ distribution of water temperature is at upstream water level 790m place, its distance apart from the bottom, reservoir area is 40m, by water level-apart from the storehouse back range from image as can be seen, the depth of water is linear the minimizing with the increase of the distance of range bin tail.Thereby be easy to calculate the water body total amount that meets the demands at this in conjunction with the mean breadth of the water surface and the distance of storehouse back range dam body, calculate institute's water requirement according to formula (1):
In the formula: V
WaterRepresent available water body total amount, Δ H represents available water body maximum temperature place water level to the water-head of bottom of the reservior, and Δ X represents before the dam section to the length of tail water position,
Represent the average section width.
Need the water aspect from the Chengdu cooling in summer, know according to Chengdu yearbook in 2011, the Chengdu area of residence per capita is about 30 square metres, take all factors into consideration shared area, need not aspects such as tubing area, careat is got 1/3-1/2 of the indoor gross area per capita, be example with maximum ratio 1/2, getting chamber height is 3.5 meters, thereby obtains indoor taking up room per capita
Square metre.And for its specific heat capacity of room air
Thereby being not difficult to calculate per capita, indoor air temperature from 31 ℃ of heats that are reduced to 24 ℃ of needs is:
In the formula:
Expression air ratio thermal capacitance,
Expression is indoor taking up room per capita, and Δ T represents indoor temperature reduction value.
Simultaneously, c
Water(Kg * K), the number of degrees that water body raises in room temperature reduction process are Δ T=24 ℃-13 ℃=11 ℃ to=4.2KJ/.By Q=c
Water* m
Water* Δ T, thus calculate m
Water=10Kg, namely the water consumption quality is 10 kilograms per capita, is converted into volume and is
Cubic meter.
According to Chengdu total population 1149.09 ten thousand people in 2011, thereby can calculate total water consumption:
Consider the transformation time restriction of fluidised form water again, actual total water consumption is about V
Need'=2.2 * 10
5m
3
Contrast as can be known V
Need＜V
Water, its scheme is practical.
When water air-conditioning system of the present invention is worked, to be upstream water intaking water source 2 flow into the upstreams, city by upstream conduit pipe 3 catchments and handle factory building 4 for upstream static water supply or the city current of flowing through, flow into urban water infrastructure 6 by 8 shuntings of lay fortune waterpipe afterwards, temperature control is carried out by water air conditioner 9 in the indoor of places such as residential block 7, current in the inlet chamber connect in water pipe 18 and the water air conditioner water inlet 17 inflow water air conditioners 9 by connecting the water air conditioner, carry out the control of water temperature secondary by water air conditioner 9, and utilization is by the colder current generation sufficient heat exchange of the water air conditioner air inlet 15 leaked-in air factors and inflow, air factor after by water air conditioner fan 16 rotation temperature being reduced blows out in water air conditioner body 14, thereby carry out the indoor temperature exchange, reach the purpose of improving temperature.The water air conditioner that flows into indoor water air conditioner 9 such as the low temperature current connects in the water pipe 18, connect in the water pipe mobile back and forth at it, owing to connect the bending of water pipe it is increased and the air contact area, utilize the difference of itself and indoor temperature to finish heat exchanging process, by water air conditioner fan 16 hot-air is blown out, the purpose that reaches refrigeration reduces indoor temperature.Current after exchange is finished flow out through water air conditioner delivery port 19, finish the indoor temperature control procedure one time.The current that flow out are pooled near the downstream, city downstream by lays fortune waterpipe 8 and catchment and handle factory building 11 and handle, pass through downstream institute tubing 12 and shunt, thereby flow into downstream drainage facility 13, the water of these shuntings can be used as farmland, chemical plant, sewage treatment plant etc. and reuses.
Claims (3)
1. the municipal water air-conditioning system based on the water source, upstream is characterized in that comprising diversion system (1), water supply used water system (5) and water treatment separate system (10) three parts; Described diversion system comprises catchmenting in upstream water intaking water source (2), upstream conduit pipe (3), upstream and handles factory building (4); Described water supply used water system comprises urban water infrastructure (6), residential block (7), fortune waterpipe (8) and the water air conditioner (9) laid; Described water treatment separate system comprises catchmenting in the downstream and handles factory building (11), downstream institute tubing (12) and downstream usefulness drainage facility (13); The water at described diversion system (1) middle and upper reaches water intakings water sources (2) is incorporated into the upstream through upstream conduit pipe (3) and catchments and handle factory building (4), flows into water supply used water system (5) after treatment; Water supply used water system (5) offers urban water infrastructure (6) and residential block (7) with water by lay fortune waterpipe (8), and flow into and be positioned at urban water infrastructure (6) and residential block (7) inner water air conditioner (9), water air conditioner (9) carries out secondary control to water temperature, and then carries out temperature exchange; Flow into downstream in the water treatment separate system (10) by lay fortune waterpipe (8) again through the water of temperature exchange and catchment and handle factory building (11), flow into the downstream with drainage facility (13) by downstream institute tubing (12) again.
2. the municipal water air-conditioning system based on the water source, upstream according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described water air conditioner (9) comprises water air conditioner body (14), water air conditioner air inlet (15) in the water air conditioner body, water air conditioner fan (16), water air conditioner water inlet (17), the water air conditioner connects water pipe (18), water air conditioner delivery port (19), water air conditioner air outlet (20) and water air conditioner by-pass cock (21); Described water air conditioner water inlet (17) is connected water pipe (18) and connects with the water air conditioner, the water air conditioner connects water pipe (18) and is connected with water air conditioner delivery port (19), air factor enters in it from water air conditioner air inlet (15), air factor drives through water air conditioner fan (16) rotation, it is connected cold water generation sufficient heat exchange in the water pipe (18) with the water air conditioner, make the air factor cooling that enters water air conditioner (9), cooling air factor is later sent from water air conditioner air outlet (20) by water air conditioner fan (16), the water that the intensification of heat exchange takes place then flows out from the water air conditioner delivery port (19) that connects, and controls its temperature by water air conditioner switch (21).
3. city indoor air temperature control method based on the water source, upstream may further comprise the steps:
(1) with water body as media, in diversion system (1), catchment by the upstream and handle factory building (4) temperature adjustment of catchmenting;
(2) introduce water supply used water system (5) by the upstream conduit pipe (3) laid in the diversion system (1) water after with the temperature adjustment of catchmenting in the diversion system (1), and enter urban water infrastructure (6) and residential block (7) by the fortune waterpipe of wherein laying (8), connect water pipe (18) by the water air conditioner again and water air conditioner water inlet (17) flows into its indoor water air conditioner (9);
(3) described water air conditioner (9) carries out the control of water temperature secondary to the current that enter, and utilizes the colder current generation sufficient heat exchange by water air conditioner air inlet (15) the leaked-in air factor and inflow;
(4) carry out the water temperature that secondary is controlled by water air conditioner (9), the rotation of the water air conditioner fan (16) in water air conditioner body (14) again, the room air that improves after the temperature is blown out in water air conditioner body (14), thereby carry out the indoor air temperature exchange, and control its temperature by water air conditioner by-pass cock (21);
(5) current that at last indoor temperature exchanged after finishing flow into downstream water processing separate system (10) by lay fortune waterpipe (8), flowing into the downstream afterwards again catchments and handles factory building (11), water after the processing, flow into the downstream with drainage facility (13) by downstream institute tubing (12) again, enter the city as other water supply.
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