CN1032325C - Ranking cycle power plant utilizing organic fluid and method for using same - Google Patents
Ranking cycle power plant utilizing organic fluid and method for using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1032325C CN1032325C CN91112820.4A CN91112820A CN1032325C CN 1032325 C CN1032325 C CN 1032325C CN 91112820 A CN91112820 A CN 91112820A CN 1032325 C CN1032325 C CN 1032325C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- working medium
- distillate
- vaporizer
- condenser element
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
Abstract
A Rankine cycle power plant has a vaporizer member responsive to heat input for vaporizing a working fluid and producing vaporized working fluid, a turbogenerator responsive to vaporized working fluid for generating power and producing heat depleted working fluid, a condenser member responsive to said heat depleted working fluid for condensing the same and producing condensate, and suitable piping for returning said condensate to the vaporizer. The working fluid is in the form of a liquid having a plurality of fractions; at least one fraction is distilled from said liquid to produce a distillated fluid. It is this distillated fluid that is supplied to the power plant as the working fluid.
Description
Involved in the present invention is a kind of using method of carrying out power equipment and this equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid.
The power equipment that carries out rankine cycle with organic fluid is known.In these known equipment, organic fluid is vaporized through heating in vaporizer or boiler, and its thermal source is taken from fuel, geothermal source or industrial process; The working medium (Workingfluid) of vaporization thus in turbogenerator, expand to produce power, and the discarded working medium after the heating is condensed into liquid refrigerant in air or water-cooled condenser and by the pumped back vaporizer.
Selected working medium should have the various thermodynamic propertiess of the circuit of being suitable for, as thermal capacity, and stability under the operating temperature or the like, and to being used for the adaptability of the various metals that common turbine engine installs.In addition, working medium also must have good lubricity, because the generator of turbine engine and coupling with it places in the airtight housing usually, wherein, the liquid refrigerant of being carried by condenser is as oiling agent.
Usually, working medium is hydrocarbon, as pentane, hexane or its isomer, such as isopentane or dissident's alkane.In addition, also use some other the Chemicals that definite characteristic is arranged.But which kind of situation no matter, working medium is obtainable pure material on the market, and this material has definite definition and known characteristic, and these characteristics are to need to consider when the hardware of design motivation equipment.People also adopt the mixture of hydrocarbon fluid sometimes, so that utilize the property of mixture, for example in No. 3842593 U. S. Patents, adopted a kind of special hydrocarbon mixture, power equipment can not worked under some does not allow to use the environmental conditions of virgin material.
The manufacturer that carries out the power equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid must guarantee, can produce predetermined electric output value corresponding to the thermal source of emitting predetermined amount of heat in the unit time, therefore, selected working medium or fluid mixture must have definite physical property.And guarantee that the condition that selected fluid possesses these characteristics is to adopt the technically pure fluid consistent with international standard.The most of in the world area of these fluids all is easy to obtain, but desirable pure fluid is quite expensive in many places.In addition, when in some cases these fluids being used for power equipment, can be owing to the precedent of not using this fluid under this condition causes that government is in the problem aspect the rules and regulations.
Some organic fluids that can be used for power equipment in theory are more cheap compared with the fluid price that those are commonly used on the power equipment, and are easier to obtain.But this fluid is normally by its pressure-volume-temperature characteristic the unknown, or its characteristic is with the place, the mixture that the time excursion is very big constitutes, therefore the Designer of power equipment can't guarantee that such fluid can work in power equipment according to predetermined mode as the pure fluid with definite characteristic.For example motor fuel gasoline is a kind of no matter in the flourishing country of industry, still at all ubiquitous fluid of the third world countries of poverty.In some country, the availability of gasoline even surpass water, and also government is considered as the regulation that rare organic fluid has clearer and more definite permission to use by people to the storage of gasoline with use comparison some are proposed to be used in Rankine cycle power plant.Yet, it is infeasible selecting gasoline or other hydrocarbon of being made up of multicomponent to be used for the organic fluid Rankine cycle power plant, its reason is the gasoline for certain particular batch, can't determine its somewhere in the world, at a time the thermodynamic properties between.The artificer can't determine in advance starting or after act as a supplement working medium and be transported to the thermodynamic properties of certain batch gasoline in the equipment, thereby in design, can't consider to produce which variation.Therefore, the artificer refuses to adopt gasoline.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and device, whereby, people can adopt known in Rankine cycle power plant, are easy to obtain, permissible industrial organic fluid such as gasoline, and the thermodynamic properties that need not consider fluid is in time or the variation in place.
The present invention relates to blue circulation power equipment and operation method thereof, described equipment comprises the working medium evaporator element, turbogenerator and used heat working medium condenser element thereof and condensed fluid feedway, multi-component liquid stores fuel tank and liquid is supplied with the device of power equipment, it is characterized in that comprising the higher boiling distillate discharger that links to each other with evaporator element, the low boiling distillate discharger that links to each other with condenser element and the distillate storage device of discharge, and make the multi-component liquid evaporation in the described method and generation vaporization working medium, evaporate sending to once more after its condensation, it is characterized in that the working medium evaporation, be condensed into multiple distillate and the part distillate stored, with the part distillate as vaporization working medium.
Described distillate is so a kind of liquid, this kind liquid is transported in the power equipment and co-operation with it, utilizes at least one device in the power equipment, or vaporizer or condenser, or the two dual-purpose, obtain described distillate thereby from described liquid, fractionate out a kind of component.In the case, by discharging in the power equipment, power equipment uses distillate to work on then with described component.Consequently, the working medium that is used for steady state condition is the key component of liquid, and its thermodynamic properties is known to reproducible.
Described liquid is gasoline preferably.Tell those low boiling components with vaporizer, tell those high boiling components, thereby obtain the known liquid of a specific character with condenser.Perhaps, also can tell high boiling component, and tell low boiling component with condenser with vaporizer.Like this, even the characteristic of this liquid was unknown before power equipment is started working, or know little about it, but with vaporizer and condenser as the still-process that fractionation tower carried out after, with in those higher components and after all being discharged from than low boiling component, the surplus working medium of institute can guarantee that power equipment is according to predetermined method generation rated power.
As improvement of the present invention, can the temperature and pressure of above-mentioned fractionating device be monitored, and adjust the value of component described in the described distillate, thereby guarantee that the volume flow by power equipment is constant basically according to measured temperature and pressure.
Below will illustrate the embodiment of the invention by following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 of the present inventionly carries out the skeleton diagram of the power equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid,
Fig. 2 is according to a kind of flow of regulating working medium of the present invention, thereby guarantees that power equipment shown in Figure 1 keeps the technological scheme of rated power.
Figure 3 shows that the another kind of flow of regulating working medium of the present invention, thereby guarantee that power equipment shown in Figure 1 keeps the technological scheme of rated power.
Referring to accompanying drawing, what label 10 was represented is the power equipment that carries out rankine cycle with organic fluid of the present invention.Power equipment 10 comprises vaporizer 12, in vaporizer 12, heat by burner 14, in order to vaporization organic working medium 16, thereby produce the working medium of vaporization in the output tube 18, output tube 18 is connected by the pipeline 20 of joiner 19 with the inlet of the turbine engine 21 that leads to turbogenerator 22.The working medium of vaporization expands in turbine engine 21 and forms used heat working medium, and this working medium is admitted in the condenser 24, and used heat working medium is condensed at this.Condenser can be air cooling or water-cooled, and the condensed fluid 25 in the condenser is sent back in the vaporizer by pump 26, thereby has finished the circulation of organic fluid.Driven the generator 23 that is coupled with turbine engine 21 thus, the expansion of working medium has caused the generation of electric energy in the turbine engine.
Above-mentioned each device and working procedure all are to habitually practise in the prior art except the character of working medium.Before the present invention occurs, working medium all adopts pure organic fluid, for example pentane or isomery pentane, its thermodynamic properties is all determined, thereby allow the artificer when design motivation equipment, select the heat input of the steam of flow, the power that can obtain selecting output to the turbine conveying according to given being used for.According to the solution of the present invention, working medium can be the hydrocarbon that contains various ingredients, and gasoline for example because the variation of the various components that contain in the gasoline, makes the characteristic of gasoline and composition along with when and where can change.
In order to use hydrocarbon such as gasoline, adopt a kind of additional fuel tank 30, being filled with in the fuel tank is enough to work the hydrocarbon liquid of employing for power equipment.For this purpose, between fuel tank 30 and pump 26, valve V is installed
5Thereby, in other parts of vaporizer or power equipment, do not have working medium, and this moment need be to the power equipment transferring working medium so that during the starting power equipment, valve V
5Open, pump 26 pumps into vaporizer 12 with working medium, makes the liquid that is full of enough coolings in the power equipment.
Valve V then
6Open, heat to vaporizer then.Temperature by the control vaporizer makes in the liquid in the vaporizer more lower boiling component be gone out by fractionation, and temperature preferably remains below the temperature of design load, till all low boiling components are vaporized substantially.During this period, valve V
1Open, most of low boiling component enters by pipeline and stores in the fuel tank 32, and an Auxiliary valves (not shown) can be used to stop these components to enter turbine engine.
In order to detect the vaporization degree of low boiling component, vaporescence is controlled, in vaporizer, be provided with temperature and pressure sensor by label 33 representatives.When sensor 33 measured temperatures and pressure show, when discharging the low boiling component liquid in vaporizer, valve V
1Close V
7Open, the steam that produced this moment enters in the condenser 24 by pipeline.
Enter the steam and the steam of discharging vaporizer of condenser, have roughly the same temperature and pressure.The effect of condenser 24 is that the working medium of will vaporize is condensed into liquid.The part that at first is condensed into liquid is the higher component of boiling point, and these components are by opening valve V
3In pipeline storage fuel tank 34.By with the sensor monitoring temperature and pressure shown in the label 35, determine valve V
3Close moment.Work as V
3When closing, equipment can enter running state.In other words, valve V
1, V
2, V
3, V
4, V
5And V
7All close, by vaporizer, turbine engine and condenser carry out circuit working medium, are the medium boiling point components that was stored in originally in the hydrocarbon that replenishes in the fuel tank 30.
For equipment being worked effectively and producing rated power, can regulate the temperature and pressure of vaporizer and condenser, thereby produce needed flow.These parameters are measured by sensor 33 and 35, and institute's measured value is input in the control unit 36.Control unit can be the computer that is controlled to the various valves in the control system.Fluid enters system from storing fuel tank 32 and 34 via valve, and system regulates temperature and pressure in the course of the work and makes the electricity output of power equipment reach optimum value.Such working procedure may for example be carried out under the condition of variation of ambient temperature in summer or winter, and the temperature of cooling medium such as water or air also changes thereupon in the condenser at this moment.Such working procedure is similar to the working procedure described in No. 3842593 patents of the U.S., thereby the present invention introduces its theme as reference.Like this, for example in summer, ambient temperature raises, and causes that thereupon the temperature of the cooling medium in the condenser raises, thereby makes more high boiling component enter into work system.On the other hand, for example in winter, ambient temperature reduces the coolant temperature that causes in the condenser and reduces, thereby makes more low boiling component enter work system.
As the conversion of such scheme or augment scheme, can adopt design proposal shown in Figure 2.In this scheme, at the entrance device of turbine engine one group of separate nozzle 51,52,53, their control valve V by separately
a, V
b, V
cFrom vaporizer, obtain working medium.These valves are controlled by control unit 36, make the percentage intake that enters turbine engine be controlled at assurance equipment and are output as on the level of optimum value.
As another kind of selection scheme, also can adopt scheme shown in Figure 3.Wherein, one row nozzle 51B is set, in order to carry the steam that produces by vaporizer 12 at the entrance 22B place of turbine engine.Enter into next section 22C of turbine engine via a row nozzle 51C by the steam of 22B discharge.The steam of being discharged by 22C is via the row nozzle 51D section of an entering into 22D.The discharge angle of nozzle 51B, 51C and 51D is adjustable, and these angles are set by controller 36B, 36C and 36D respectively, so that pilot pressure falls,, thereby be controlled at the flow of the working medium in each stage.
Although the thermal source of illustrated power equipment is the burner of combustion fuel, the present invention also can adopt the thermal source of other type, for example geothermal fluid.
By above description to most preferred embodiment of the present invention, advantage and the improvement effect that can find out the present invention significantly and possessed.Under theme of the present invention and in the claim restricted portion, can also comprise multiple variation and improvement.
Claims (16)
1. the operation method of Rankine cycle power plant, wherein make the liquid evaporation that contains various ingredients and produce vaporization working medium in response to the heat input, the working medium of will vaporizing condensation and produce condensed fluid, and described condensed fluid sent back once more evaporate, described method is characterised in that working medium evaporation and condensation and becomes multiple distillate; And some described distillate separated and store and with all the other distillates as described vaporization working medium.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that using the thermal source that is different from described liquid and produces described distillate.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that using evaporator element more lower boiling distillate is separated from working medium.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that using condenser element the distillate of higher is separated from working medium.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that using evaporator element the distillate of higher is separated from working medium, and uses condenser element the distillate of higher is separated from working medium.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the distillate of higher and the distillate of higher are stored respectively.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described liquid is gasoline.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein using vaporizer and condenser element, and described method comprises:
(a) temperature and pressure in monitoring vaporizer and the condenser element; And
(b), change group component separated and that store, thereby make working medium flow keep constant substantially through power equipment according to the temperature and pressure in described vaporizer of being monitored and the condenser element.
9. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein adopting in response to working medium and turbogenerator with adjustment parameter of may command power output, and described method comprises:
(a) temperature and pressure in monitoring vaporizer and the condenser element; And
(b) adjust the parameter of turbogenerator according to the temperature and pressure in described vaporizer of being monitored and the condenser element, thereby make working medium flow keep constant substantially through power equipment.
10. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein adopting vaporizer and condenser element, and described method comprises:
(a) temperature and pressure in monitoring vaporizer and the condenser element, and
(b), change group component separated and that store, thereby make working medium flow optimization through power equipment according to the temperature and pressure in described vaporizer of being monitored and the condenser element.
11. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein adopting in response to working medium and turbogenerator with adjustment parameter of may command power output, described method comprises:
(a) temperature and pressure in monitoring vaporizer and the condenser element; And
(b) adjust the parameter of turbogenerator according to the temperature and pressure in described vaporizer of being monitored and the condenser element, thereby make working medium flow optimization through power equipment.
12. Rankine cycle power plant comprises the evaporator element that makes working medium evaporation and generation vaporization working medium in response to the defeated people of heat in the described power equipment; Produce power in response to vaporization working medium and generate the turbogenerator of used heat working medium; Make its condensation in response to described used heat working medium and produce the condenser element of condensed fluid; With the feedway of described condensed fluid Returning evaporimeter, will contain additional fuel tank that the fluid storage of various ingredients gets up and liquid will be delivered to the device of described power equipment from replenishing fuel tank, described power equipment is characterised in that wherein and also comprises:
(a) link and be used for therefrom discharging the discharger that boiling point is higher than the distillate of predetermined value with described evaporator element;
(b) link and be used for therefrom discharging the discharger that boiling point is lower than the distillate of predetermined value with described condenser element; With
(c) storage device that the distillate that is discharged from is stored.
13. Rankine cycle power plant according to claim 12 is characterized in that wherein also comprising:
(a) device of the temperature and pressure in monitoring vaporizer and the condenser element and
(b) optionally between storage device and evaporator element, carry out the device that fluid exchange is exported with the power of keeping turbogenerator according to institute's monitor temperature.
14. Rankine cycle power plant according to claim 12 is characterized in that described working medium is hydrocarbon.
15. Rankine cycle power plant according to claim 14 is characterized in that described working medium is gasoline.
16. Rankine cycle power plant according to claim 12 is characterized in that described storage device stores the distillate of higher respectively with more lower boiling distillate.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63611090A | 1990-12-31 | 1990-12-31 | |
| US636,110 | 1990-12-31 | ||
| FR9116442A FR2671135B1 (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1991-12-30 | RANKINE CYCLE POWER PLANT USING ORGANIC FLUID AND METHOD OF IMPLEMENTING THE SAME. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1063743A CN1063743A (en) | 1992-08-19 |
| CN1032325C true CN1032325C (en) | 1996-07-17 |
Family
ID=26229168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91112820.4A Expired - Fee Related CN1032325C (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1991-12-31 | Ranking cycle power plant utilizing organic fluid and method for using same |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1032325C (en) |
| AP (1) | AP289A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2671135B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1253012B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ241187A (en) |
| SK (1) | SK283796B6 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7146813B2 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2006-12-12 | Utc Power, Llc | Power generation with a centrifugal compressor |
| US7100380B2 (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2006-09-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Organic rankine cycle fluid |
| US7200996B2 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2007-04-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Startup and control methods for an ORC bottoming plant |
| CN101893165B (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2013-03-13 | 西安同大实业有限公司 | High-potential energy comprehensive utilization system for medium and high-process fluid |
| DE102012000100A1 (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-12 | Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. | Rankine cycle-HEAT USE SYSTEM |
| JP5596606B2 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-09-24 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Power generator |
| CN105201572B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-05-10 | 新会粤新热电联供有限公司 | Power generation system control method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR36031E (en) * | 1928-06-18 | 1930-04-01 | New thermal installation | |
| FR670497A (en) * | 1928-06-19 | 1929-11-29 | Thermal installation for vehicles, flying machines, boats and other marine craft | |
| US3769789A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1973-11-06 | Sundstrand Corp | Rankine cycle engine |
| IL40299A (en) * | 1972-09-05 | 1974-05-16 | Bronicki L | Closed rankine cycle power plant |
| CH550938A (en) * | 1972-10-04 | 1974-06-28 | Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen | LOAD REGULATING DEVICE FOR A CLOSED GAS TURBINE SYSTEM. |
| JPS57173512A (en) * | 1981-04-17 | 1982-10-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Power generating plant |
-
1991
- 1991-12-30 SK SK4173-91A patent/SK283796B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-30 FR FR9116442A patent/FR2671135B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-30 AP APAP/P/1991/000346A patent/AP289A/en active
- 1991-12-31 IT ITMI913516A patent/IT1253012B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-12-31 CN CN91112820.4A patent/CN1032325C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-01-06 NZ NZ241187A patent/NZ241187A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITMI913516A1 (en) | 1993-07-01 |
| AP9100346A0 (en) | 1992-01-31 |
| SK417391A3 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
| FR2671135B1 (en) | 1995-09-29 |
| FR2671135A1 (en) | 1992-07-03 |
| ITMI913516A0 (en) | 1991-12-31 |
| AP289A (en) | 1993-11-08 |
| NZ241187A (en) | 1994-10-26 |
| SK283796B6 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
| IT1253012B (en) | 1995-07-10 |
| CN1063743A (en) | 1992-08-19 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |