CN1063743A - Carry out the using method of power equipment and this equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid - Google Patents
Carry out the using method of power equipment and this equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1063743A CN1063743A CN91112820.4A CN91112820A CN1063743A CN 1063743 A CN1063743 A CN 1063743A CN 91112820 A CN91112820 A CN 91112820A CN 1063743 A CN1063743 A CN 1063743A
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- Prior art keywords
- working medium
- power equipment
- liquid
- equipment
- power
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of Rankine cycle power plant comprises, an evaporator element, it produces the working medium of vaporization in response to the heat input of vaporization working medium, a turbogenerator, it produces power in response to the working medium of vaporization, and produces discarded hot working fluid, a condenser element, it cools off this working medium and produces condensed fluid in response to described discarded hot working fluid; Also have corresponding pipeline to be used for described condensed fluid is sent back to vaporizer in addition.Working medium is the liquid that contains various ingredients, produces distillate thereby fractionate out at least a component from this liquid.This distillate is sent to power equipment as working medium.
Description
Involved in the present invention is a kind of using method of carrying out power equipment and this equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid.
The power equipment that carries out rankine cycle with organic fluid is known.In these known equipment, organic fluid is vaporized through heating in vaporizer or boiler, and its thermal source is taken from fuel, geothermal source or industrial process; The working medium (Working fluid) of vaporization thus in turbogenerator, expand to produce power, and the discarded working medium after the heating is condensed into liquid refrigerant in air or water-cooled condenser and by the pumped back vaporizer.
Selected working medium should have the various thermodynamic propertiess of the circuit of being suitable for, as thermal capacity, and stability under the operating temperature or the like, and to being used for the adaptability of the various metals that common turbine engine installs.In addition, working medium also must have good lubricity, because the generator of turbine engine and coupling with it places in the airtight housing usually, wherein, the liquid refrigerant of being carried by condenser is as oiling agent.
Usually, working medium is hydrocarbon, as pentane, hexane or its isomer, such as isopentane or isohexane.In addition, also use some other the Chemicals that definite characteristic is arranged.But which kind of situation no matter, working medium is obtainable pure material on the market, and this material has definite definition and known characteristic, and these characteristics are to need to consider when the hardware of design motivation equipment.People also adopt the mixture of hydrocarbon fluid sometimes, so that utilize the property of mixture, for example in No. 3842593 U. S. Patents, adopted a kind of special hydrocarbon mixture, power equipment can not worked under some does not allow to use the environmental conditions of virgin material.
The manufacturer that carries out the power equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid must guarantee, can produce predetermined electric output value corresponding to the thermal source of emitting predetermined amount of heat in the unit time, therefore, selected working medium or fluid mixture must have definite physical property.And guarantee that the condition that selected fluid possesses these characteristics is to adopt the technically pure fluid consistent with international standard.The most of in the world area of these fluids all is easy to obtain, but desirable pure fluid is quite expensive in many places.In addition, when in some cases these fluids being used for power equipment, can be owing to the precedent of not using this fluid under this condition causes that government is in the problem aspect the rules and regulations.
Some organic fluids that can be used for power equipment in theory are more cheap compared with the fluid price that those are commonly used on the power equipment, and are easier to obtain.But this fluid is normally by its pressure-volume-temperature characteristic the unknown, or its characteristic is with the place, the mixture that the time excursion is very big constitutes, therefore the Designer of power equipment can't guarantee that such fluid can work in power equipment according to predetermined mode as the pure fluid with definite characteristic.For example motor fuel gasoline is a kind of no matter in the flourishing country of industry, still at all ubiquitous fluid of the third world countries of poverty.In some country, the obtaining even surpass water of gasoline, and also government is considered as the regulation that rare organic fluid has clearer and more definite permission to use by people to the storage of gasoline with use comparison some are proposed to be used in Rankine cycle power plant.Yet, it is infeasible selecting gasoline or other hydrocarbon of being made up of multicomponent to be used for the organic fluid Rankine cycle power plant, its reason is the gasoline for certain particular batch, can't determine its somewhere in the world, at a time the thermodynamic properties between.The artificer can't determine in advance starting or after act as a supplement working medium and be transported to the thermodynamic properties of certain batch gasoline in the equipment, thereby in design, can't consider to produce which variation.Therefore, the artificer refuses to adopt gasoline.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and device, whereby, people can adopt known in Rankine cycle power plant, are easy to obtain, permissible industrial organic fluid such as gasoline, and the thermodynamic properties that need not consider fluid is in time or the variation in place.
The present invention relates to a kind of working procedure of Rankine cycle power plant, wherein, evaporator element produces the working medium of vaporization in response to the heat input of the working medium that is used to vaporize, a turbogenerator produces power and generates used heat working medium in response to the working medium of vaporization, condenser response used heat working medium is with the working medium condensation and produce condensed fluid, and condensed fluid turns back to vaporizer through feedway.Working medium is the liquid that contains various ingredients, the invention provides a kind of by telling at least a component through distillation in the described liquid, thereby obtain the method for distillate.This distillate is flowed to power equipment as working medium.
Described distillate is so a kind of liquid, this kind liquid is transported in the power equipment and co-operation with it, utilizes at least one device in the power equipment, or vaporizer or condenser, or the two dual-purpose, obtain described distillate thereby from described liquid, fractionate out a kind of component.In the case, by discharging in the power equipment, power equipment uses distillate to work on then with described component.Consequently, the working medium that is used for steady state condition is the key component of liquid, and its thermodynamic properties is known to reproducible.
Described liquid is gasoline preferably.Tell those low boiling components with vaporizer, tell those high boiling components, thereby obtain the known liquid of a specific character with condenser.Perhaps, also can tell high boiling component, and tell low boiling component with condenser with vaporizer.Like this, even the characteristic of this liquid was unknown before power equipment is started working, or know little about it, but with vaporizer and condenser as the still-process that fractionation tower carried out after, with in those higher components and after all being discharged from than low boiling component, the surplus working medium of institute can guarantee that power equipment is according to predetermined method generation rated power.
As improvement of the present invention, can the temperature and pressure of above-mentioned fractionating device be monitored, and adjust the value of component described in the described distillate, thereby guarantee that the volume flow by power equipment is constant basically according to measured temperature and pressure.
Below will illustrate the embodiment of the invention by following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram that carries out the power equipment of rankine cycle with organic fluid of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to a kind of flow of regulating working medium of the present invention, thereby guarantees that power equipment shown in Figure 1 keeps the technological scheme of rated power;
Figure 3 shows that the another kind of flow of regulating working medium of the present invention, thereby guarantee that power equipment shown in Figure 1 keeps the technological scheme of rated power.
Referring to accompanying drawing, what label 10 was represented is the power equipment that carries out rankine cycle with organic fluid of the present invention.Power equipment 10 comprises vaporizer 12, in vaporizer 12, heat by burner 14, in order to vaporization organic working medium 16, thereby produce the working medium of vaporization in the output tube 18, output tube 18 is connected by the pipeline 20 of joiner 19 with the inlet of the turbine engine 21 that leads to turbogenerator 22.The working medium of vaporization expands in turbine engine 21 and forms used heat working medium, and this working medium is admitted in the condenser 24, and used heat working medium is condensed at this.Condenser can be air cooling or water-cooled, and the condensed fluid 25 in the condenser is sent back in the vaporizer by pump 26, thereby has finished the circulation of organic fluid.Driven the generator 23 that is coupled with turbine engine 21 thus, the expansion of working medium has caused the generation of electric energy in the turbine engine.
Above-mentioned each device and working procedure all are to habitually practise in the prior art except the character of working medium.Before the present invention occurs, working medium all adopts pure organic fluid, for example pentane or isomery pentane, its thermodynamic properties is all determined, thereby allow the artificer when design motivation equipment, according to the given heat input that is used for carrying the steam of selected flow, the power that can obtain selecting output to turbine.According to the solution of the present invention, working medium can be the hydrocarbon that contains various ingredients, for example gasoline.Because the variation of the various components that contain in the gasoline, make the characteristic of gasoline and composition along with when and where can change.
In order to use hydrocarbon such as gasoline, adopt a kind of additional fuel tank 30, being filled with in the fuel tank is enough to work the hydrocarbon liquid of employing for power equipment.For this purpose, between fuel tank 30 and pump 26, valve V is installed
5Thereby, in other parts of vaporizer or power equipment, do not have working medium, and this moment need be to the power equipment transferring working medium so that during the starting power equipment, valve V
5Open, pump 26 pumps into vaporizer 12 with working medium, makes the liquid that is full of enough coolings in the power equipment.
Valve V then
6Open, heat to vaporizer then.Temperature by the control vaporizer makes in the liquid in the vaporizer more lower boiling component be gone out by fractionation, and temperature preferably remains below the temperature of design load, till all low boiling components are vaporized substantially.During this period, valve V
1Open, most of low boiling component enters by pipeline and stores in the fuel tank 32.An Auxiliary valves (not shown) can be used to stop these components to enter turbine engine.
In order to detect the vaporization degree of low boiling component, vaporescence is controlled, in vaporizer, be provided with temperature and pressure sensor by label 33 representatives.When sensor 33 measured temperatures and pressure show, when discharging the low boiling component liquid in vaporizer, valve V
1Close V
7Open, the steam that produced this moment enters in the condenser 24 by pipeline.
Enter the steam and the steam of discharging vaporizer of condenser, have roughly the same temperature and pressure.The effect of condenser 24 is that the working medium of will vaporize is condensed into liquid.The part that at first is condensed into liquid is the higher component of boiling point, and these components are by opening valve V
3In pipeline storage fuel tank 34.By with the sensor monitoring temperature and pressure shown in the label 35, determine valve V
3Close moment.Work as V
3When closing, equipment can enter running state.In other words, valve V
1, V
2, V
3, V
4, V
5And V
7All close, by vaporizer, turbine engine and condenser carry out circuit working medium, are the medium boiling point components that was stored in originally in the hydrocarbon that replenishes in the fuel tank 30.
For equipment being worked effectively and producing rated power, can regulate the temperature and pressure of vaporizer and condenser, thereby produce needed flow.These parameters are measured by sensor 33 and 35, and institute's measured value is input in the control unit 36.Control unit can be the computer that is controlled to the various valves in the control system.Fluid enters system from storing fuel tank 32 and 34 via valve, and system regulates temperature and pressure in the course of the work and makes the electricity output of power equipment reach optimum value.Such working procedure may for example be carried out under the condition of variation of ambient temperature in summer or winter, and the temperature of cooling medium such as water or air also changes thereupon in the condenser at this moment.Such working procedure is similar to the working procedure described in No. 3842593 patents of the U.S., thereby the present invention introduces its theme as reference.Like this, for example in summer, ambient temperature raises, and causes that thereupon the temperature of the cooling medium in the condenser raises, thereby makes more high boiling component enter into work system.On the other hand, for example in winter, ambient temperature reduces the coolant temperature that causes in the condenser and reduces, thereby makes more low boiling component enter work system.
As the conversion of such scheme or augment scheme, can adopt design proposal shown in Figure 2.In this scheme, at the entrance device of turbine engine one group of separate nozzle 51,52,53, their control valve V by separately
a, V
b, V
cFrom vaporizer, obtain working medium.These valves are controlled by control unit 36, make the percentage intake that enters turbine engine be controlled at assurance equipment and are output as on the level of optimum value.
As another kind of selection scheme, also can adopt scheme shown in Figure 3.Wherein, one row nozzle 51B is set, in order to carry the steam that produces by vaporizer 12 at the entrance 22B place of turbine engine.Enter into next section 22C of turbine engine via a row nozzle 51C by the steam of 22B discharge.The steam of being discharged by 22C is via the row nozzle 51D section of an entering into 22D.The discharge angle of nozzle 51B, 51C and 51D is adjustable, and these angles are set by controller 36B, 36C and 36D respectively, so that pilot pressure falls, thereby is controlled at the flow of the working medium in each stage.
Although the thermal source of illustrated power equipment is the burner of combustion fuel, the present invention also can adopt the thermal source of other type, for example geothermal fluid.
By above description to most preferred embodiment of the present invention, advantage and the improvement effect that can find out the present invention significantly and possessed.Under theme of the present invention and in the claim restricted portion, can also comprise multiple variation and improvement.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of operation method of Rankine cycle power plant, described power and equipment comprise, an evaporator element, and it produces the working medium of vaporization in response to the heat input of the working medium that is used to vaporize; A turbogenerator, it produces power and generates used heat working medium in response to the working medium of vaporization; A condenser, its response used heat working medium and with this working medium condensation and produce condensed fluid; Be used for the feedway with the condensed fluid Returning evaporimeter, described method is characterised in that and may further comprise the steps;
A, provide a kind of liquid that contains various ingredients;
B, from described liquid, distill out at least a component, to produce distillate;
C, described distillate is transported in the described power equipment as working medium.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
A, with described liquid driven power equipment;
B, from described liquid, fractionate out a kind of component, to produce distillate with an element in the power equipment;
C, said components is discharged from power equipment, and make power equipment work with described distillate.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
A, with described liquid driven power equipment;
B, from described liquid, distill out the higher component lower of boiling point with an element of power equipment, to form described distillate with boiling point;
C, from described power equipment, discharge boiling point higher and the lower component of boiling point, with described distillate power equipment is worked on then.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described liquid is gasoline.
5, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Temperature and pressure in a, the monitoring element;
B, according to the temperature and pressure of the described element of being monitored, change the amount of the described component in the described distillate, thereby guarantee to maintain constant level substantially through the flow of power equipment.
6, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described turbogenerator has the adjustment parameter that is used to control power output, and described method comprises;
Temperature and pressure in a, the supervision element;
B, according to the temperature and pressure in the described element of being surveyed, adjust the parameter of turbogenerator, to guarantee maintaining constant level substantially through the flow of power equipment.
7, a kind of Rankine cycle power plant is characterized in that:
A, a vaporizer, it is in response to the required heat input of vaporization working medium, and the working medium of generation vaporization;
B, a turbogenerator, its responds the working medium of vaporization and produces power, and produces used heat working medium;
C, a condenser, it responds described used heat working medium, and this working medium of condensation also produces condensed fluid;
D, described condensed fluid delivered to the device of vaporizer;
E, an additional fuel tank, it is used to deposit the liquid that contains various ingredients;
F, with liquid from replenishing the device that fuel tank is transported to described power equipment;
G, with the discharger that described vaporizer is associated, the component that is used for liquid mid-boiling point in the vaporizer is higher than predetermined value is discharged;
H, with the discharger that described condenser is associated, be used for the component that boiling point with liquid in the condenser is lower than predetermined value and discharge;
I, be used to store with the storage device of liquid form with the component that is discharged from.
8, equipment according to claim 7 is characterized in that it comprises:
A, be used for the device of monitoring element temperature and pressure;
B, between storage device and evaporator element, carry out the device of fluid exchange selectively according to measured temperature, with the power output of keeping turbogenerator.
9, equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described working fluid is a hydrocarbon.
10, equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described working medium is gasoline.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63611090A | 1990-12-31 | 1990-12-31 | |
| US636,110 | 1990-12-31 | ||
| FR9116442A FR2671135B1 (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1991-12-30 | RANKINE CYCLE POWER PLANT USING ORGANIC FLUID AND METHOD OF IMPLEMENTING THE SAME. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1063743A true CN1063743A (en) | 1992-08-19 |
| CN1032325C CN1032325C (en) | 1996-07-17 |
Family
ID=26229168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91112820.4A Expired - Fee Related CN1032325C (en) | 1990-12-31 | 1991-12-31 | Ranking cycle power plant utilizing organic fluid and method for using same |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1032325C (en) |
| AP (1) | AP289A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2671135B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1253012B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ241187A (en) |
| SK (1) | SK283796B6 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100346061C (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2007-10-31 | Utc电力有限责任公司 | Power generation with a centrifugal compressor |
| CN100422511C (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2008-10-01 | 联合工艺公司 | Startup and control methods for an ORC bottoming plant |
| CN101893165A (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-11-24 | 西安同大实业有限公司 | High-potential energy comprehensive utilization system for medium and high-process fluid |
| CN102588053A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-18 | 康明斯知识产权有限公司 | Rankine cycle wasteheat recovery system |
| CN102619581A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2012-08-01 | 联合工艺公司 | Organic rankine cycle fluid |
| CN102691541A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-26 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Generating apparatus |
| CN105888752A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-08-24 | 江曼 | Electric power generation system optimal control method |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR36031E (en) * | 1928-06-18 | 1930-04-01 | New thermal installation | |
| FR670497A (en) * | 1928-06-19 | 1929-11-29 | Thermal installation for vehicles, flying machines, boats and other marine craft | |
| US3769789A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1973-11-06 | Sundstrand Corp | Rankine cycle engine |
| IL40299A (en) * | 1972-09-05 | 1974-05-16 | Bronicki L | Closed rankine cycle power plant |
| CH550938A (en) * | 1972-10-04 | 1974-06-28 | Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen | LOAD REGULATING DEVICE FOR A CLOSED GAS TURBINE SYSTEM. |
| JPS57173512A (en) * | 1981-04-17 | 1982-10-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Power generating plant |
-
1991
- 1991-12-30 FR FR9116442A patent/FR2671135B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-30 SK SK4173-91A patent/SK283796B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-30 AP APAP/P/1991/000346A patent/AP289A/en active
- 1991-12-31 CN CN91112820.4A patent/CN1032325C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-31 IT ITMI913516A patent/IT1253012B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1992
- 1992-01-06 NZ NZ241187A patent/NZ241187A/en unknown
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100346061C (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2007-10-31 | Utc电力有限责任公司 | Power generation with a centrifugal compressor |
| CN102619581A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2012-08-01 | 联合工艺公司 | Organic rankine cycle fluid |
| CN100422511C (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2008-10-01 | 联合工艺公司 | Startup and control methods for an ORC bottoming plant |
| CN101893165A (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-11-24 | 西安同大实业有限公司 | High-potential energy comprehensive utilization system for medium and high-process fluid |
| CN102588053A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-18 | 康明斯知识产权有限公司 | Rankine cycle wasteheat recovery system |
| US8800285B2 (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2014-08-12 | Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. | Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system |
| CN102588053B (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2015-05-13 | 康明斯知识产权有限公司 | Wasteheat recovery system for internal combustion engine |
| US9334760B2 (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2016-05-10 | Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. | Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system |
| CN102691541A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-26 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Generating apparatus |
| CN102691541B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-12-10 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Generating apparatus |
| CN105888752A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-08-24 | 江曼 | Electric power generation system optimal control method |
| CN105888752B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-08-25 | 浙江秀舟热电有限公司 | Power generation system optimal control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITMI913516A1 (en) | 1993-07-01 |
| NZ241187A (en) | 1994-10-26 |
| CN1032325C (en) | 1996-07-17 |
| FR2671135B1 (en) | 1995-09-29 |
| FR2671135A1 (en) | 1992-07-03 |
| SK283796B6 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
| IT1253012B (en) | 1995-07-10 |
| ITMI913516A0 (en) | 1991-12-31 |
| AP9100346A0 (en) | 1992-01-31 |
| SK417391A3 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
| AP289A (en) | 1993-11-08 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |