CN103230513B - 一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合剂及其制备方法，中药组合物原料成分为茜草10-20份、丹参5-15份、川芎15-25份、夏枯草10-20、半夏5-15、红花10-20、桔梗5-15份、连翘10-20份、菊花20-30份、皂刺6-10份、藁本10-20份、浙贝母8-12份、麝香0.01-0.03份，药物混合后粉碎，加75％乙醇回流提取2-3次，合并滤液，浓缩至稠浸膏剂；烘干得粉剂。加入樟脑3份，制成滴鼻剂。本发明能抑制病情的发展，缓解临床症状，治疗效果明显。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合剂及其制备方法，属于中医药领域。
背景技术
鼻炎由于病毒、病菌感染，或刺激物的作用下而导致的鼻腔粘膜和粘膜下层的慢性炎性疾病。临床表现为鼻腔粘膜肿胀、分泌物增多、头痛、头昏等。病程持续数月以上或反复发作。鼻炎导致产生过多粘液，通常引起流涕、鼻塞等症状。，导致粘膜，粘膜下层，甚至骨膜和骨的局限性或弥漫性纤维组织增生，肥厚，下鼻甲最明显，其前后端和下缘可成结节状，桑葚状或分叶状肥厚，中鼻甲前端和鼻中隔粘膜亦可发生增生，肥厚或息肉样变。通过美国最近的研究表明，超过5千万美国人是鼻炎患者。长期不治疗,鼻炎还会影响人的睡眠质量、听力以及学习能力。还可致细菌得以长时间停留于鼻腔内并大量繁殖，进而引发感冒。感冒炎症长期存在则加重鼻炎症状。鼻炎中医学属鼻渊范畴。其病因病机多为感受风热之邪或风寒之邪入里化热，热毒浊涕阻闭鼻窍而成。慢性者多因脾肺虚弱，肺气不足至卫外不固，易感外邪。脾虚则运化失职，痰湿滞留，困结鼻窍，浸淫鼻窦黏膜而成鼻渊。
临床鼻炎治疗多以鼻内减充血剂(羟甲唑啉喷鼻剂麻黄碱滴鼻剂)、糖皮质激素为主，副作用是可以产生反跳现象，甚至出现更为严重的鼻塞，对长期鼻炎产生的增生,肥厚效果欠佳。而中医药治疗鼻炎疗效可靠，毒副作用小,具有广阔的前景。但是大多采用：苍耳子辛夷等，特点是有一定的药物毒性，不能长期服用，而且远期效果不理想，用于滴鼻液局部刺激性大，疗效短暂。
发明内容
针对上述存在的问题，本发明提供一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合剂及其制备方法
本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合剂，包括以下重量份的原材料：
茜草10-20份丹参5-15份川芎15-25份夏枯草10-20半夏5-15红花10-20桔梗5-15份连翘10-20份菊花20-30份皂刺6-10份藁本10-20份浙贝母8-12份麝香0.01-0.03份
作为上述技术方案的进一步优选，所述中药组合物制剂包括以下重量份的原材料：
茜草15份丹参10份川芎20份夏枯草15份半夏10份红花15份桔梗10份连翘15份菊花25份皂刺8份藁本15份浙贝母10份麝香0.02份。
本发明治疗的急慢性鼻炎的中药组合中药组合物制剂，剂型为汤剂滴鼻剂胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂或肠溶片剂。
一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合物制剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a、将麝香粉碎研制成200目的细粉；
b、将茜草丹参川芎夏枯草半夏红花桔梗连翘菊花皂刺藁本浙贝母份粉碎后，一起混合，加水煎煮两次，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至滤液体积的1/2，得浓缩液，浓缩至相对密度1.20～1.24(80℃测得)的稠浸膏；
c、将上述步骤a和步骤b的稠浸膏移进烘箱，50-70℃烘干至水分低于5％，加入辅料制成胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂或肠溶片剂；
d、将上述步骤a和步骤b的稠浸膏移进烘箱，50-70℃烘干至水分低于5％，加入樟脑3份，按现有技术制成滴鼻剂。
在以上制备方法中，未详加说明的均按本领域现有技术即可。根据所要制备的剂型在上述步骤a～d中选用其中的2-3个步骤即可。例如：仅制备滴鼻剂时，只需要步骤a、步骤b和步骤d；这是本领域技术人员都能确认的。
在以上原料中，
茜草凉血止血；活血化瘀。主血热咯血；吐血；衄血；尿血；便血；崩漏；经闭；产后瘀阻腹痛；跌打损伤；风湿痹痛；黄疸；疮痈；痔肿。用于吐血，衄血，崩漏，外伤出血，经闭瘀阻，关节痹痛，跌扑肿痛。
丹参功效：活血调经，祛瘀止痛，凉血消痈，清心除烦，养血安神。5-15份
川芎川芎行气开郁，祛风燥湿，活血止痛。治风冷头痛旋晕，胁痛腹疼，寒痹筋挛，经闭，难产，产后瘀阻块痛，痈疽疮疡。用于月经不调，经闭痛经，瘕腹痛，胸胁刺痛，跌扑肿痛，头痛，风湿痹痛15-25份
夏枯草清肝、散结、利尿；治瘟病、乳痈、目痛、黄疸、淋病、高血压等症；治淋巴结核、甲状腺肿大、瘰疬、瘿瘤、乳痈、乳癌、目珠夜痛、羞明流泪、头目眩晕、口眼歪斜、筋骨疼痛、肺结核、急性黄疸型传染性肝炎、血崩、带下。
半夏燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结；外用消肿止痛。
红花能活血通经，去瘀止痛。能作为活血通经药。活血行瘀，利气止痛。养血，活血。
樟脑功效：通关窍；利滞气；辟秽浊；杀虫止痒；消肿止痛
桔梗功效宣肺、利咽、祛痰、排脓。作者复习文献，认为桔梗尚有理气、活血、消食、安神作用。
连翘连翘苦，微寒。归肺、心、小肠经。具有清热解毒，消肿散结的功效。用于痈疽，瘰疬，乳痈，丹毒，风热感冒，温病初起，温热入营，高热烦渴，神昏发斑，热淋尿闭。
菊花疏风，清热，明目，解毒。治头痛，眩晕，目赤，心胸烦热，疔疮，肿毒。
皂刺搜风，拔毒，消肿，排脓。治痈肿，疮毒，疠风，癣疮，胎衣不下。
藁本祛风，散寒，除湿，止痛。用于风寒感冒，巅顶疼痛，风湿肢节痹痛。
浙贝母清热化痰；降气止咳；散结消肿。主风热或痰热咳嗽；肺痈吐脓；瘰疬瘿瘤；疮痈肿毒。治风热咳嗽，肺痈喉痹，瘰疬，疮疡肿毒。
麝香功用：开窍醒神，活血散结，催产下胎。用于温热病神昏痉厥及中风痰厥、气厥等闭证。心脉瘀阻所致的心痛。痈疽疮疡，跌打损伤，痹证及经闭，胎死腹中，胞衣不下。
急慢性鼻炎中医属“鼻渊”、“脑漏”范畴。多由气虚不固，外邪侵袭，邪入化热，灼腐生脓，滞留空窍、弥散清空，清浊不分，窍隙闭塞。常易外感。外感后鼻窦炎又加重，如此互为因果，反复发作。
本发明方药中茜草丹参川芎红花活血通脉，消除局限性或弥漫性纤维组织增生，肥厚，夏枯草散结消肿半夏浙贝母祛痰散结藁本祛风止痛桔梗理气宣肺祛痰连翘皂刺消肿散结菊花清热清鼻窍麝香开鼻窍通郁结樟脑通窍消肿。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：本发明君、臣、佐、使各施其效，具有用药少，见效快，副作用小，可达到内外并施，标本兼顾的目的。能抑制病情的发展，缓解临床症状，治疗效果好。本发明原材料购买方便,价格便宜，制作方便，值得推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合物制剂，所述药物由以下重量份的原材料制成：茜草10份丹参5份川芎15份夏枯草10份半夏5份红花10份桔梗5份连翘10份菊花20份皂刺6份藁本10份浙贝母8份麝香0.01份。
制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a、将麝香粉碎研制成200目的细粉；
b、将茜草丹参川芎夏枯草半夏红花桔梗连翘菊花皂刺藁本浙贝母粉碎后，一起混合，加水煎煮两次，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至滤液体积的1/2，得浓缩液，浓缩至相对密度1.20～1.24(80℃测得)的稠浸膏；
c、将上述步骤a和步骤b的稠浸膏移进烘箱，50-70℃烘干至水分低于5％，加入辅料制成胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂或肠溶片剂；
d、将上述步骤a和步骤b的稠浸膏移进烘箱，50-70℃烘干至水分低于5％，加入樟脑3份，按现有技术制成滴鼻剂。
实施例2
一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合物制剂，所述药物由以下重量份的原材料制成：茜草20份丹参15份川芎25份夏枯草20半夏15份红花20份桔梗15份连翘20份菊花30份皂刺10份藁本20份浙贝母12份麝香0.03份。
制备方法同实施例1
实施例3
一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合物制剂，所述药物由以下重量份的原材料制成：茜草15份丹参10份川芎20份夏枯草15份半夏10份红花15份桔梗10份连翘15份菊花25份皂刺8份藁本15份浙贝母10份麝香0.02份
制备方法同实施例1
疗效标准参考<<中医病症诊断疗效标准>>拟定：均有鼻塞、流黄浊涕、头痛，或有畏寒、发热、恶心等症状。五官科检查：鼻粘膜充血水肿，鼻腔内有脓性分泌物。痊愈：无鼻塞、流黄浊涕、头痛，畏寒、发热、恶心等症状。五官科检查：鼻粘膜无充血水肿，鼻腔内无脓性分泌物。显效：症状鼻塞、流黄浊涕、头痛明显减轻，无畏寒、发热、恶心等症状。五官科检查：鼻粘膜充血水肿明显减轻，鼻腔内无脓性分泌物。有效：鼻塞、流黄浊涕、头痛好转，或有畏寒、发热、恶心等症状。五官科检查：鼻粘膜充血水肿，鼻腔内无脓性分泌物。无效：临床症状无变化，五官科检查：鼻粘膜充血水肿，鼻腔内有脓性分泌物。
选取300例急慢性鼻炎的患者，随机选取300例作为治疗组，另外100例作为对照组，其中300例患者分为治疗组1、治疗组2和治疗组3，每个治疗组治疗随机选取的100例患者，治疗组1使用本发明实施例1的汤剂进行治疗，治疗组2使用本发明实施例2的汤剂进行治疗，治疗组3使用本发明实施例3的汤剂进行治疗，每日1剂，早晚分服，15天为一疗程。
对照组的患者采用常规应用抗菌素，呋麻滴鼻液进行治疗。
治疗结果如下表：
| 对比组别(例) | 治愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 治愈率 | 有效率 |
| 治疗组1 | 79 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 79％ | 93％ |
| 治疗组2 | 81 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 81％ | 97％ |
| 治疗组3 | 83 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 83％ | 99％ |
| 对照组 | 78 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 78％ | 88％ |
从以上数据表可以看出，治疗组3无效者有1例,有效的6例,占6％，显效者10例,占10％,治愈者83例，治愈率83％，总有效99％。对照组无效者有12例,占12％，有效的2例,占2％，显效者8例,占8％,治愈者78例，治愈率78％，总有效88％.治疗组有效率治愈率明显高于对照组，治疗组3的治愈率有效率高于其余治疗组，综上所述治疗组3组方最为有效。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其特征是：由以下重量份的原材料组成：茜草10-20份丹参5-15份川芎15-25份夏枯草10-20半夏5-15红花10-20桔梗5-15份连翘10-20份菊花20-30份皂刺6-10份藁本10-20份浙贝母8-12份麝香0.01-0.03份。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其特征是：由以下重量份的原材料组成：茜草15份丹参10份川芎20份夏枯草15份半夏10份红花15份桔梗10份连翘15份菊花25份皂刺8份藁本15份浙贝母10份麝香0.02份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的治疗急慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其特征是：所述组合物剂型为：汤剂、滴鼻剂、胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂。
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