CN103221252A - 用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备 - Google Patents

用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备 Download PDF

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CN103221252A
CN103221252A CN2011800555461A CN201180055546A CN103221252A CN 103221252 A CN103221252 A CN 103221252A CN 2011800555461 A CN2011800555461 A CN 2011800555461A CN 201180055546 A CN201180055546 A CN 201180055546A CN 103221252 A CN103221252 A CN 103221252A
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cooling
combustion engine
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M·斯坦鲍尔
E·施莱默
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AVL List GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46Series type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B60L50/62Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1415Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1815Rotary generators structurally associated with reciprocating piston engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/266Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators with two coaxial motors or generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/10Electrical machine types
    • B60L2220/14Synchronous machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

本发明涉及一种特别是用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备(40),该发电设备包括至少一个第一电机(14),该第一电机与内燃机同轴设置,较佳地由永磁体励磁,其中,内燃机和电机(14)较佳地构造成单元,并具有共同的外壳(2)。通过为第一电机(14)和第二电机(114)设有共同的功率电子器件(41)可实现极为紧凑的技术方案。

Description

用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备
本发明涉及一种特别是用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备,该发电设备包括至少一个第一电机,该第一电机被设置成与内燃机同轴并较佳地由永磁体励磁,其中,内燃机和电机较佳地构造成单元,并具有共同的外壳。
AT 505 950 Bl描述了一种用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备,该发电设备包括旋转活塞内燃机以及发电机,该发电机与内燃机的输出轴同轴设置。内燃机和发电机构造成单元,并具有共同的冷却系统。在此,冷却水从冷却剂泵到达发电机和内燃机的水腔内,随后被馈送到空气/水-换热器。在此,发电机和内燃机的冷却通道在没有单独管道的情况下直接彼此连接。在旋转活塞内燃机的旋转活塞的范围内,外壳具有中央外壳部件,该中央外壳部件在两侧被侧面的外壳部件所限制,其中,用于内燃机的偏心轴的轴承分别布置在侧面的外壳部件内。发电机的外壳部件和封闭该外壳部件的罩盖部件与发电机侧的侧面的外壳部件相接。发电机的外壳部件和罩盖部件共同夹起空腔,发电机的定子和转子设置在该空腔内。为了质量平衡而需要附加的平衡质量,其中,第一平衡质量设置在发电机的转子处。另一平衡质量设置在驱动轴的背离发电机的端部处。
由US 5,689,174A已知一种用于车辆的发电设备,其中,驱动马达经由传动装置驱动一轴,电动机以及分别在电动机两侧与电储能器连接的发电机设置在该轴上。
US 2008/0 231 144A1示出一种发电设备,该发电设备具有内燃机,该内燃机包括发电机和起动马达,其中,发电机和起动马达设置在内燃机的不同侧。
此外,DE 199 53 864 A1公开了一种具有内燃机的混合车辆,该内燃机包括第一和第二马达,这些马达设置在内燃机的不同侧。第一马达用于起动驱动机构并产生电功率,而第二马达用于驱动车辆的驱动轮并且用于在利用车辆的制动过程的情况下产生再生功率。各个马达分别与逆变器连接。
本发明的任务是以尽可能简单的方式提供一种紧凑的发电设备。
根据本发明,这通过如下方式来实现,即,在内燃机的背向第一电机的那侧设置有较佳地为由永磁体励磁的第二电机,该第二电机与内燃机同轴设置,其中,第一和第二电机较佳为刚性地与内燃机转动连接。
在此,内燃机可构造成旋转活塞内燃机,并具有在腔室内回转的至少一个旋转活塞。
在此特别有利的是,第一和第二电机关于内燃机的中间平面对称设置,其中,中间平面构造成与内燃机的驱动轴正交。
如果第一和第二电机构造成基本上结构相同,则制造成本可减到最小。
替代地,但也可行的是,第二电机构造成与第一电机不同,并为其它功率设计尺寸。
当第一平衡质量设置在第一电机的转子处而第二平衡质量设置在第二电机的转子处时可实现完全的质量平衡,其中,较佳的是两个平衡质量中的至少一个与对应的转子构造成一体。
采用两个电机而不是一个电机的优点在于,可减小转子和定子直径,这对于发电设备的安装尺寸有着有利的作用。
在此,两个电机较佳地设置在与内燃机共用的外壳内。
当第一电机设置在与中央外壳部件的第一端面侧直接或间接相接的第一外壳部件内且第二电机设置在与中央外壳部件的第二端面侧直接或间接相接的第二外壳部件内时,可实现简单的制造和安装,其中,各个外壳部件被罩盖部件所封闭。
为了冷却第一电机,可以在侧面的第一外壳部件内设有电动侧第一冷却通道结构,而为了冷却第二电机,可以在侧面的第二外壳部件内设有电动侧第二冷却通道结构,其中,这些电动侧冷却通道结构与用于冷却内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构流体连接,并属于唯一的冷却系统。在此,对于调节电机的最佳运行温度特别有利的是,两个电动侧冷却通道结构中的至少一个、较佳是两个电动侧冷却通道结构设置在用于冷却内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构的上游,其中,较佳地,电动侧第一冷却通道结构和电动侧第二冷却通道结构在冷却系统的冷却回路中并联。替代地或此外可规定,两个电动侧冷却通道结构中的至少一个、较佳是两个电动侧冷却通道结构设置在用于冷却内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构的下游,其中,较佳地,电动侧第一冷却通道结构和电动侧第二冷却通道结构在冷却系统的冷却回路中并联。
为了将电机保持在其设计合适的运行温度而有利的是,将两个电机串联设置在冷却回路中。
特别是为了节约结构空间和功率而有利的是,在冷却系统的该冷却回路中,电动侧第一冷却通道结构设置在用于冷却内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构的上游,而电动侧第二冷却通道结构设置在用于冷却内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构的下游。
在本发明的另一实施方式中规定,功率电子器件设置在外壳内部,并由电动侧的冷却通道结构来冷却。功率电子器件可以在冷却回路中设置在至少一个电机的上游,其中,较佳地,功率电子器件设置在罩盖部件内或侧向的外壳部件内。
通过将唯一的功率电子器件用于两个电机,可以将发电设备的结构尺寸保持在尽可能小。
在本发明的又一实施方式中可规定,两个电机(14,114)电相位偏移,其中,相位偏移较佳为30°。这对于整流的波动性是有利的。
下面根据附图来进一步阐释本发明。附图示意地示出:
图1是根据本发明的发电设备的纵向剖视图;
图2是根据本发明的发电设备的冷却回路的第一实施变型;
图3是冷却回路的第二实施变型;
图4是根据本发明的发电设备的另一实施变型;
图5示出电机的电气(相位)偏移30°的三相交流电系统的电压随时间的变化;以及
图6示出两个三相交流电系统的经整流的电压随时间的变化。
图1示出特别是用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备40(增程器),其中旋转活塞内燃机1和例如永磁体励磁的第一电机14设置在外壳2内。外壳2具有腔室3,旋转活塞4沿外壳2的长短辐旋轮线状
Figure BDA00003206964400041
滑动面5回转地设置在该腔室内。在此,腔室3由长短辐旋轮线状滑动面5和侧面的滑动面6、7构成。外壳2具有构成长短辐旋轮线状滑动面5的中央外壳部件2a、侧面的第一外壳部件2b和侧面的第二外壳部件2c。此外,外壳2可在中央外壳部件2a与侧面的第一外壳部件2b和/或侧面的第二外壳部件2c之间具有构成侧面的滑动面6或7的第一或第二两侧平坦的侧板8、9。
在第一和第二外壳部件2b、2c内,通过例如构造成滚动轴承的轴承11、12可转动地支承设置在内部的外壳空间15内、由旋转活塞4驱动、由偏心轴10构成的驱动轴。设置在相同的外壳2内的第一电机14的第一转子13构造成与偏心轴10同轴。
接纳第一轴承11的侧面的第一外壳部件2b具有钟罩状的圆柱形外套区域2b’,该外套区域夹起大致圆柱形的内部空间15a,第一电机14的第一转子13以及第一定子14a设置在该内部空间内。圆柱形的内部空间15a被与第一外壳部件2b相接的第一罩盖部件2d封闭。
在内燃机1的背离第一电机14的端面侧,例如永磁体励磁的第二电机114设置在圆柱形的内部空间115a内,该内部空间由第二外壳部件2c的钟罩状的圆柱形外套区域102b’夹起。第二电机114的转子用113、第二电机114的定子用114a表示。圆柱形的内部空间115a被与第二外壳部件2c相接的第二罩盖部件2f封闭。如图1中所示,电机14、114的转子13、113设置在偏心轴10的不同端部处,各端部基本上关于与偏心轴10的轴线10a正交的中间平面ε对称。为了实现尽可能完全的质量平衡,分别在各个电机14、114的转子13、113处设有平衡质量13a、113a,其中,平衡质量13a、113a可构造成与转子13、113成一体。
为了避免电气构件过热并为了散发在旋转活塞内燃机1内燃烧时产生的热量,冷却系统50设有形成在外壳部件2d(罩盖部件)、2b(侧面的第一外壳部件)、2a(中央外壳部件)和2c(侧面的第二外壳部件)内的冷却通道结构51、52、53、54,其中,如图3中示意所示,来自由功率电子器件41、电机14、114以及可能集成到发电设备40的油槽内的、在图1中未进一步示出的油冷却器35构成的组的各个构件相继冷却。替代地,第一电机14和第二电机114还可以在冷却系统50的冷却回路50a内并行地流过,如图2中所示。附图标记39是空气/水-换热器,而附图标记表示电动水泵。
由此可以保持专用于各个构件的温度水平。在两个电机14、114并行流过的情况下,在两个罩盖部件2d、2f或在第一或第二外壳部件2b、2c内设有冷却剂接头59、159。
为了节约构件和结构空间,可以为两个电机14、114设置有共同的功率电子器件41。特别有利的是,第一和第二电机14、114的共同的功率电子器件41集成到圆柱形的内部空间15a或115a内或者罩盖部件2d和/或2f内。由此可以将整流线路安置在外壳2内,由此可以大幅提高电磁兼容性。因此,仅从发电设备40向外引出更多的直流电缆,而接头的数目可因此减到最小水平。
在此,围绕第一电机14和可能围绕功率电子器件41的环形电动侧第一冷却通道结构51可部分地由第一外壳部件2b和第一罩盖部件2d构成。环形电动侧第二冷却通道结构151由第二外壳部件2c和可能也由第二罩盖部件2f构成。第一外壳部件2b(可能罩盖部件2d)内的电动侧第一冷却通道结构51与侧面的第一外壳部件2b内的第一活塞侧冷却剂结构以及中央外壳部件2a内的中央冷却剂结构53以及侧面的第二外壳部件2c内的第二活塞侧冷却剂结构54以及侧面的第二外壳部件2c内的电动侧第二冷却通道结构151在没有外部管道的情况下并且直接在外壳2内流体连接。在此,冷却剂例如平行地到达两个电动侧冷却剂结构51、151,并从那里经由活塞侧冷却剂结构52或54流入中央外壳部件2a的中央冷却剂结构53内。冷却剂可从中央外壳部件2a、侧面的第一外壳部件2d和/或从侧面的第二外壳部件2c流出。
具有与内燃机1的偏心轴10刚性地(即在没有操纵离合器的情况下)连接的转子13、113的两个电机14、114的同轴结构允许在相对较小的定子直径的情况下的较高功率。通过将平衡质量13a、113a集成到转子13、113内,实现了发电设备1的低振动运行。
图4示意地示出具有构造成活塞内燃机1的内燃机的发电设备40,其中,第一电机14和第二电机114同轴地设置在内燃机的同一侧。在此,第一电机14和第二电机114也经由共同的功率电子器件41控制。在此,活塞内燃机1、两个电机14、114和功率电子器件41可设置在共同的外壳2内。两个电机14、114可构造成结构相同,由此,通过在轴10上相继地进行相应的轴向布置,可实现用于各种要求和功率期望的灵活的模块化结构。因此,通过增加或减去各个电机模块能以低成本和简单的方式装配各种功率单元。在此,可以在电机的最大可能数目内采用用于不同数目的电机的功率电子器件的构思。
有利的是,在两个电机14、114之间设有电相位偏移。图5示出第一电机14和第二电机114的偏移了30°的三相交流电系统,其中,uUl,uVl,uWl表示第一电机14的电压,而uUl,uVl,uWl表示第二电机114的电压。适宜的是,两个电机14、114串联或者两个定子绕组14a、114a经由扼流线圈用搭线(Anzapfung)并联。还可以将两个电机中的一个以星形连接,而另一电机以三角形连接,由此同样可以使电相位偏移30°。在此,中间电容器可设计成较小,或者在整流之后可以保持直流导线上的波动较小。对此,图6示出两个三相交流电系统的经整流电压U1、U2的示例。

Claims (18)

1.一种特别是用于使电动车辆续航的发电设备(40),所述发电设备包括至少一个第一电机(14)和至少一个第二电机(114),所述第一电机与内燃机同轴设置并较佳地由永磁体励磁,所述第二电机与所述内燃机同轴设置并较佳地由永磁体励磁,其中,较佳地,内燃机和至少一个电机(14,114)构造成单元并且具有共同的外壳(2),其特征在于,为所述第一电机(14)和所述第二电机(114)设有共同的功率电子器件(41)。
2.如权利要求1所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述第一电机和所述第二电机(14,114)与所述内燃机刚性地转动连接。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述第二电机(114)设置在所述内燃机的背向所述第一电机(14)的那侧。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述第一电机和所述第二电机(14,114)关于所述内燃机的中间平面(ε)对称设置。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述第一电机(14)和所述第二电机(114)设置在所述内燃机的同一侧。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述第一电机和所述第二电机(14,114)构造成基本上结构相同。
7.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述第二电机(114)构造成与所述第一电机(14)不同,并较佳地为其它功率而设计尺寸。
8.如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述第一电机(14)和所述第二电机(114)以及所述内燃机设置在共同的外壳(2)内。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述外壳(2)具有与中央外壳部件(2a)的第一端面侧直接或间接相接的第一外壳部件(2b)以及与所述中央外壳部件(2a)的第二端面侧直接或间接相接的第二外壳部件(2c),其中,所述第一电机(14)设置在所述第一外壳部件(2b)内,而所述第二电机(114)设置在所述第二外壳部件(2c)内,且较佳地各外壳部件(2b,2c)被罩盖部件(2d,2f)封闭。
10.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,为了冷却所述第一电机(14),较佳地设有位于侧面的第一外壳部件(2b)内的第一电动侧冷却通道结构(51),并且为了冷却所述第二电机(114),较佳地设有位于侧面的第二外壳部件(2c)内的第二电动侧冷却通道结构(151),其中,电动侧冷却通道结构(51,151)与用于冷却所述内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构(52,53,54)流体连接并属于唯一的冷却系统(50)。
11.如权利要求10所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,两个电动侧冷却通道结构(51,151)中的至少一个、较佳是两个电动侧冷却通道结构(51,151)设置在用于冷却所述内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构(52,53,54)的上游,其中,较佳地,电动侧第一冷却通道结构(51)和电动侧第二冷却通道结构(151)在所述冷却系统(50)的冷却回路(50a)中并联。
12.如权利要求10或11所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述两个电机串联地设置在所述冷却系统(50)的所述冷却回路(50a)中。
13.如权利要求10至12中的一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,两个电动侧冷却通道结构(51,151)中的至少一个、较佳是两个电动侧冷却通道结构(51,151)设置在用于冷却所述内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构(52,53,54)的下游,其中,较佳地,电动侧第一冷却通道结构(51)和电动侧第二冷却通道结构(151)在所述冷却系统(50)的冷却回路(50a)中并联。
14.如权利要求10至13中的一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,在所述冷却系统(50)的冷却回路(50a)中,电动侧第一冷却通道结构(51)设置在用于冷却所述内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构(52,53,54)的上游,而电动侧第二冷却通道结构(151)设置在用于冷却所述内燃机的至少一个冷却通道结构(52,53,54)的下游。
15.如权利要求1至14中的一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述功率电子器件(41)设置在外壳(2)内部,并由至少一个电动侧冷却通道结构(51,151)冷却,其中,特别较佳的是所述功率电子器件(41)在所述冷却回路(50a)中设置在至少一个电机(14)上游。
16.如权利要求15所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述功率电子器件(41)设置在罩盖部件(2d)内或侧面的外壳部件(2b,2c)内。
17.如权利要求1至16中的一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述内燃机构造成旋转活塞内燃机(1)并具有在腔室(3)内回转的至少一个活塞(3)。
18.如权利要求1至16中任一项所述的发电设备(40),其特征在于,所述两个电机(14,114)电相位偏移,其中,较佳地电相位偏移约30°。
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