CN103217511A - Method for observing amount of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil with lifting process of shallow underground water level - Google Patents
Method for observing amount of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil with lifting process of shallow underground water level Download PDFInfo
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- CN103217511A CN103217511A CN2013100859383A CN201310085938A CN103217511A CN 103217511 A CN103217511 A CN 103217511A CN 2013100859383 A CN2013100859383 A CN 2013100859383A CN 201310085938 A CN201310085938 A CN 201310085938A CN 103217511 A CN103217511 A CN 103217511A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for observing amount of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil with lifting process of shallow underground water level. The method employs a device for observing amount of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil with lifting process of shallow underground water level to observe. The method is as below: filling soil into a bucket for containing soil; adding shallow underground water in a bucket for containing water; rising underground water to the bucket for containing soil; opening a water tap to discharge water; turning off the tap; measuring the height of soil leached by underground water; calculating the volume of the soil; and calculating amount of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil with lifting process of shallow underground water level according to measured unit weight of soil, and content of nitrogen or phosphorus in soil before and after lifting of underground water level. The invention can realize real-time monitor on the amount of leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil with lifting process of shallow underground water level, and make up for the problem of incapability of quantitative observation on loss amount of nitrogen or phosphorus in deep soil with lifting process of shallow underground water level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of observation procedure with soluble elements drip washing such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil in shallow ground water fluctuation in stage process migration, this method is adapted to the more shallow farmland of simulated groundwater buried depth especially, belongs to agricultural technology field.This method provides new way for the observation with element flow vectors such as nitrogen phosphorus in the shallow-layer ground fluctuation in stage process.
Background technology
During modern agriculture is produced, the peasant is in order to pursue high crop yield, a large amount of fertilizer such as chemical nitrogen phosphorus that apply in planting process, except that fraction is absorbed by crop, wherein most nitrogen phosphorus etc. along with water infiltration and shallow ground water position lifting leaching in underground water, cause groundwater contamination serious.Particularly in the more shallow agricultural land soil of shallow ground water buried depth, with the lifting of underground water level, wash out amounts such as nitrogen phosphorus are stronger.
The concentration of nitrogen phosphorus generally is lower than concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil in the underground water, rising with underground water level, the nitrogen and phosphorus content of soil middle and high concentration can be dissolved in the underground water, and along with the reduction of water level, a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus can not only pollute water table by soil water belt to darker water table, also cause a large amount of losses of elements such as nitrogen phosphorus, therefore, research observation can provide scientific basis for the phreatic prediction of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution with the wash out amount of nitrogen P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position.
At present, research to the migration of element leachings such as nitrogen phosphorus in the agricultural land soil generally is to build the field test sub-district, at experiment sub-district shoveling earth section, place container in different soil again, drawing element leachings such as the nitrogen phosphorus migration liquid that infiltrates container detects, or container or pipeline are installed in the earth pillar different soil of simulation, draw the container or the migration of the element leachings such as nitrogen phosphorus in the pipeline liquid that infiltrate each soil layer and detect.These test units can detect element leaching migration situation such as nitrogen phosphorus in the different soil, but after migrating to deep soil for element leachings such as a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus in the agricultural land soil, along with the lifting of shallow ground water position, nitrogen phosphorus can't be observed to the situation in the underground water by drip washing, causes the severe contamination situation of the environment such as loss law, underground water to a large amount of element leaching things such as nitrogen phosphorus that run off in the agricultural land soil to detect.Simultaneously, because field underground water boundary condition is difficult to restriction, can't adopt the field test sub-district that the element drip washing such as nitrogen phosphorus that cause along with the underground water table lifting are observed to the situation in the underground water.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is after overcoming prior art element leachings such as a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus in the agricultural land soil being migrated to deep soil, along with the lifting of shallow ground water position, defective and deficiency that elements such as its nitrogen phosphorus can't be monitored to the situation in the underground water by drip washing provide the method for a kind of observation with element wash out amounts such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position.
A kind of observation of the present invention is with the method for element wash out amounts such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, be with a kind of observation with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position to observing with element wash out amounts such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, its step is as follows:
A. before the soil of in containing the soil bucket, packing into, measure the soil weight of the earth different soil that fetches earth earlier, take out the shallow ground water in the earth original place of fetching earth simultaneously, containing the soil of packing into and being got by natural clay distribution layering in the soil bucket then, this soil was deposited 30 days in containing the soil bucket, take off then and contain the rubber stopper that the soil bucket is gone up each soil layer, from each soil sampling hole, take out soil sample respectively, measure nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the different soil soil respectively; Subsequently, add described underground water in steel ladle, the phreatic amount of adding need make this underground water rise to and contain in the soil bucket, measure from the steel ladle bottom surface underground water table height to groundwater level, is designated as H
1
B. underground water is raised to and contained the soil bucket interior 2～3 days, opens depotition cock then and discharges water, and in the time of on underground decline of water table is extremely contained soil bucket bottom surface, closes depotition cock, and measurement is the underground water table height to groundwater level from the steel ladle bottom surface, is designated as H
2, simultaneously, take off a rubber stopper in the underground water table lifting zone on containing the soil bucket, from the soil sampling hole of this rubber stopper position, take out soil sample, measure the nitrogen element in its soil or the content of P elements, be designated as S
2Or underground water table is raised to and contained in the soil bucket 2～3 days, open depotition cock then and discharge water, when underground decline of water table when containing under the soil bucket bottom surface, close depotition cock, measure from the steel ladle bottom surface to the height of containing soil bucket bottom surface, be designated as H
3, simultaneously, take off a rubber stopper in the underground water table lifting zone on containing the soil bucket, from the soil sampling hole of this rubber stopper position, take out soil sample, measure the nitrogen element in its soil or the content of P elements, be designated as S
3
C. according to following formula I or formula II, calculate wash out amount with nitrogen or P elements in the soil in the shallow ground water lifting process;
When 1. groundwater table decreasing is extremely contained on the soil bucket bottom surface, use the wash out amount of formula I calculating with nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position:
Formula I: M
1=[(S
1-S
2) r
1] * [(H
1-H
2) Q]
In the formula I: M
1With the wash out amount of nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, unit is g, S when extremely containing on the soil bucket bottom surface for groundwater table decreasing
1Be steps A nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records before steel ladle adds shallow ground water, unit is mg/kg, and S
1The soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling and step B measure S
2In time,, the soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling was identical, S
2Nitrogen element or phosphorus element content S in the soil that records for step B
2, mg/kg; r
1For steps A before the soil of in containing the soil bucket, packing into, the soil weight that records earlier, and this soil weight is the soil weight of the soil in containing soil bucket underground water table lifting zone, unit is g/cm
3H
1Be the described underground water table height of steps A, unit is m; H
2Be the described underground water table height H of step B
2, unit is m; Q is for containing the floorage of soil bucket, and unit is m
2
2. in the time of under underground decline of water table is extremely contained soil bucket bottom surface, use the wash out amount of formula II calculating with nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position:
Formula II: M
2=[(S
1-S
3) r
2] * [(H
1-H
3) Q]
In the formula II: M
2With the wash out amount of nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, unit is g, S when extremely containing under the soil bucket bottom surface for groundwater table decreasing
1Be steps A nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records before steel ladle adds shallow ground water, unit is mg/kg, and S
1The soil sampling hole of the soil sample of being got and step B measure S
3The soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling is identical, S
3Nitrogen element or phosphorus element content S in the soil that records for step B
3, mg/kg; r
2For steps A before the soil of in containing the soil bucket, packing into, the soil weight that records earlier, and this soil weight is the soil weight of the soil in containing soil bucket underground water table lifting zone, unit is g/cm
3H
1Be the described underground water table height of steps A, unit is m; H
3Be the described height of extremely containing soil bucket bottom surface from the steel ladle bottom surface of step B, unit is m; Q is for containing the floorage of soil bucket, and unit is m
2
Described observation is to be provided with the water white area of observation coverage from bucket wall top to bucket wall bottom along containing soil bucket axial direction at the bucket wall of containing the soil bucket with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, on the water white area of observation coverage, be provided with the soil sampling hole from top to bottom, distance is contained the nearest soil sampling hole of soil bucket bung and is contained soil bucket bung at a distance of 200mm～300mm, all the other soil sampling pitchs of holes are 100mm, each aperture, soil sampling hole is provided with rubber stopper, the bottom surface of containing the soil bucket is provided with more than one infiltration hole, and the bottom surface of containing in the soil bucket is provided with nylon wire; The external stability of Sheng soil bucket bottom surface is connected with the feet more than 3, containing the soil bucket is placed in the steel ladle, bucket wall at steel ladle is provided with the spill opening along the steel ladle axial direction, spill open lower side to the height of steel ladle bottom surface equates with the feet height of containing the soil bucket, article two, spill opening vertical edge is tightly connected with corresponding water white area of observation coverage vertical edge respectively, the base of the spill open lower side and the water white area of observation coverage is tightly connected, and the lower sidewall of steel ladle is provided with depotition cock.
The aperture in described infiltration hole is 30mm, and the aperture of nylon wire is 0.5mm, and the aperture in soil sampling hole is 30mm.
On the water white area of observation coverage, can also be provided with rule (4), with the lifting of more convenient observation underground water table.
The actual conditions of element leaching such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil in the simulate formation water level lifting process of the present invention, can monitor wash out amount in real time with elements such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, remedied at present can not quantitative observation with the number of dropouts problem of elements such as shallow ground water position lifting process mid-deep strata soil nitrogen or phosphorus.Not only can observe (desirable with water sample in the steel ladle in the underground fluctuation in stage process with the variation of concentration of element such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the underground water in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, measure concentration of element such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the underground water), can also observe leaching amount simultaneously with elements such as nitrogen phosphorus in lifting district, the shallow ground water position soil.This method can provide for the Mechanism Study of farmland pollution of area source rationally, the data of science.
The present invention not only can observe nitrogen or P elements, can also observe other water-soluble other element.The used a kind of observation of the present invention is ingenious, simple in structure with the design of element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, conveniently build, Operation and Maintenance is convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the used observation of the present invention with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position.
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of containing the soil bucket.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of steel ladle.
Fig. 4 is the front view of the used observation of the present invention with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the used observation of the present invention with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position.
Fig. 6 be among the embodiment 1 underground water table rise and groundwater table decreasing when containing on soil bucket (1) bottom surface, measurement underground water table height H
1And H
2Synoptic diagram.
Fig. 7 be among the embodiment 2 underground water table rise and groundwater table decreasing when containing under soil bucket (1) bottom surface, measurement underground water table height H
1With measure from steel ladle (8) bottom surface to the height H of containing soil bucket (1) bottom surface
3Synoptic diagram.
Each mark is represented successively among the figure: 1-Sheng soil bucket, the 2-water white area of observation coverage, 3-rubber stopper, 4-rule, 5-feet, 6-infiltration hole, 7-depotition cock, 8-steel ladle, 9-water white area of observation coverage vertical edge, 10-spill opening, 11-spill open lower side, 12-spill opening vertical edge, H
1The expression underground water table rises to the underground water table height of containing in the soil bucket, H
2Underground water table height when the expression groundwater table decreasing is extremely contained on the soil bucket bottom surface, H
3The expression groundwater table decreasing when containing under the soil bucket bottom surface, from steel ladle (8) bottom surface to the height of containing soil bucket bottom surface.
Embodiment
In conjunction with as Fig. 1-Fig. 6, the present invention with a kind of observation with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position to observing with nitrogen or P elements wash out amount in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, its step is as follows:
A. before containing 1 li soil of packing into of soil bucket, measure the soil weight of the earth different soil that fetches earth earlier, take out the shallow ground water in the earth original place of fetching earth simultaneously, containing 1 li soil of packing into and being got of soil bucket then by natural clay distribution layering, this soil was deposited 30 days in containing soil bucket 1, take off the rubber stopper 3 of containing each soil layer on the soil bucket 1 then, from each soil sampling hole, take out soil sample respectively, measure nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the different soil soil respectively; Subsequently, add described underground water in steel ladle 8, the phreatic amount of adding need make this underground water rise to and contain in the soil bucket 1, measure from steel ladle 8 bottom surfaces the underground water table height to groundwater level, is designated as H
1(as shown in Figure 6).
B. underground water is raised to and contains the soil bucket 1 interior 2 days, open depotition cock 7 then and discharge water, when underground decline of water table when containing on soil bucket 1 bottom surface, close depotition cock 7, measure from steel ladle 8 bottom surfaces underground water table height to groundwater level, be designated as H
2, simultaneously, take off a rubber stopper 6 in the underground water table lifting zone on containing soil bucket 1, from the soil sampling hole of these rubber stopper 6 positions, take out soil sample, measure the nitrogen element in its soil or the content of P elements, be designated as S
2
When C. groundwater table decreasing is extremely contained on soil bucket 1 bottom surface, according to the wash out amount of following formula I calculating with nitrogen or P elements in the soil in the shallow ground water lifting process;
Formula I: M
1=[(S
1-S
2) r
1] * [(H
1-H
2) Q]
In the formula I: M
1With the wash out amount of nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, unit is g, S when extremely containing on soil bucket 1 bottom surface for groundwater table decreasing
1For steps A is adding nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records before the shallow ground water to steel ladle 8, unit is mg/kg, and S
1The soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling and step B measure S
2In time,, the soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling was identical, S
2Nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records for step B, mg/kg; r
1For steps A before containing 1 li soil of packing into of soil bucket, the soil weight that records earlier, and this soil weight is the soil weight of the soil in containing soil bucket 1 underground water table lifting zone, unit is g/cm
3H
1Be the described underground water table height of steps A, unit is m; H
2Be the described underground water table height H of step B
2, unit is m; Q is for containing the floorage of soil bucket, and unit is m
2
Described observation is to be provided with the water white area of observation coverage 2 from bucket wall top to bucket wall bottom along containing soil bucket 1 axial direction at the bucket wall of containing soil bucket 1 with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, on the water white area of observation coverage 2, be provided with the soil sampling hole from top to bottom, distance is contained the nearest soil sampling hole of soil bucket 1 bung and is contained soil bucket 1 bung at a distance of 200mm, all the other soil sampling pitchs of holes are 100mm, each aperture, soil sampling hole is provided with rubber stopper 3, the bottom surface of containing soil bucket 1 is provided with more than one infiltration hole 6, and the bottom surface of containing in the soil bucket 1 is provided with nylon wire; The aperture in described infiltration hole 6 is 30mm, and the aperture of nylon wire is 0.5mm, and the aperture in soil sampling hole is 30mm; The external stability of Sheng soil bucket 1 bottom surface is connected with the feet 5 more than 3, containing soil bucket 1 is placed in the steel ladle 8, bucket wall at steel ladle 8 is provided with spill opening 10 along steel ladle 8 axial directions, spill open lower side 11 to the height of steel ladle 8 bottom surfaces highly equates with the feet 5 of containing soil bucket 1, article two, spill opening vertical edge 12 is tightly connected with corresponding water white area of observation coverage vertical edge 9 respectively, spill open lower side 11 is tightly connected with the base of the water white area of observation coverage 2, and the lower sidewall of steel ladle 8 is provided with depotition cock 7.The connection of each of this device zero, parts is all according to a conventional method for being tightly connected, to prevent to contain the seepage in soil bucket, the steel ladle.
On the water white area of observation coverage 2 of said apparatus, can also be provided with rule (4), with the lifting of more convenient observation underground water table.
This device is according to law of connected vessels, by containing the infiltration hole that soil bucket bottom surface is provided with, the shallow ground water in the steel ladle of packing into can enter naturally to be contained in the soil bucket, closes this tap by being open at after depotition cock on the steel ladle discharges water again, lifting process that can the simulate formation water level.
In conjunction with as Fig. 1-Fig. 5, Fig. 7, present embodiment 2 employed observations are identical with embodiment 1 with nitrogen in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position or P elements wash out amount device, and are as follows to the step of observing with nitrogen or P elements wash out amount in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position:
A. before containing 1 li soil of packing into of soil bucket, measure the soil weight of the earth different soil that fetches earth earlier, take out the shallow ground water in the earth original place of fetching earth simultaneously, containing 1 li soil of packing into and being got of soil bucket then by natural clay distribution layering, this soil was deposited 30 days in containing soil bucket 1, take off the rubber stopper 3 of containing each soil layer on the soil bucket 1 then, from each soil sampling hole, take out soil sample respectively, measure nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the different soil soil respectively; Subsequently, add described underground water in steel ladle 8, the phreatic amount of adding need make this underground water rise to and contain in the soil bucket 1, measure from steel ladle 8 bottom surfaces the underground water table height to groundwater level, is designated as H
1(as shown in Figure 7);
B. underground water table is raised to and contains the soil bucket 1 interior 3 days, open depotition cock 7 then and discharge water, when underground decline of water table when containing under soil bucket 1 bottom surface, close depotition cock 7, measure from steel ladle 8 bottom surfaces to the height of containing soil bucket 1 bottom surface, be designated as H
3(as shown in Figure 7); Simultaneously, take off a rubber stopper 6 in the underground water table lifting zone on containing soil bucket 1, from the soil sampling hole of these rubber stopper 6 positions, take out soil sample, measure the nitrogen element in its soil or the content of P elements, be designated as S
3
C. in the time of under underground decline of water table is extremely contained soil bucket 1 bottom surface, use the wash out amount of formula II calculating with nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position:
Formula II: M
2=[(S
1-S
3) r
2] * [(H
1-H
3) Q]
In the formula II: M
2With the wash out amount of nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, unit is g, S when extremely containing under soil bucket 1 bottom surface for groundwater table decreasing
1For steps A is adding nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records before the shallow ground water to steel ladle 8, unit is mg/kg, and S
1The soil sampling hole of the soil sample of being got and step B measure S
3The soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling is identical, S
3Nitrogen element or phosphorus element content S in the soil that records for step B
3, mg/kg; r
2For steps A before containing 1 li soil of packing into of soil bucket, the soil weight that records earlier, and this soil weight is the soil weight of the soil in containing soil bucket 1 underground water table lifting zone, unit is g/cm
3H
1Be the described underground water table height of steps A, unit is m; H
3Be the described height H of extremely containing soil bucket 1 bottom surface from steel ladle 8 bottom surfaces of step B
3, unit is m; Q is for containing the floorage of soil bucket, and unit is m
2Q is for containing the floorage of soil bucket, and unit is m
2
Claims (3)
1. an observation is with the method for element wash out amounts such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, be with a kind of observation with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position to observing with element wash out amounts such as nitrogen or phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, its step is as follows:
A. before Sheng soil bucket (a 1) lining is packed soil into, measure the soil weight of the earth different soil that fetches earth earlier, take out the shallow ground water in the earth original place of fetching earth simultaneously, containing the soil of packing into and got by natural clay distribution layering in soil bucket (1) lining then, this soil was deposited 30 days in containing soil bucket (1), take off then and contain the rubber stopper (3) that soil bucket (1) is gone up each soil layer, from each soil sampling hole, take out soil sample respectively, measure nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the different soil soil respectively; Subsequently, add described underground water in steel ladle (8), the phreatic amount of adding need make this underground water rise to and contain in the soil bucket (1), measure from steel ladle (8) bottom surface the underground water table height to groundwater level, is designated as H
1
B. underground water is raised to and contained soil bucket (1) interior 2～3 days, open depotition cock (7) then and discharge water, in the time of on underground decline of water table is extremely contained soil bucket (1) bottom surface, close depotition cock (7), measurement is the underground water table height to groundwater level from steel ladle (8) bottom surface, is designated as H
2, simultaneously, take off containing soil bucket (1) and go up a rubber stopper (6) in underground water table lifting zone, from the soil sampling hole of this rubber stopper (6) position, take out soil sample, measure the nitrogen element in its soil or the content of P elements, be designated as S
2Or underground water table was raised to Sheng soil bucket (1) interior 2～3 days, open depotition cock (7) then and discharge water, in the time of under underground decline of water table is extremely contained soil bucket (1) bottom surface, close depotition cock (7), measurement to the height of containing soil bucket (1) bottom surface, is designated as H from steel ladle (8) bottom surface
3, simultaneously, take off containing soil bucket (1) and go up a rubber stopper (6) in underground water table lifting zone, from the soil sampling hole of this rubber stopper (6) position, take out soil sample, measure the nitrogen element in its soil or the content of P elements, be designated as S
3
C. according to following formula I or formula II, calculate wash out amount with nitrogen or P elements in the soil in the shallow ground water lifting process;
When 1. groundwater table decreasing is extremely contained on soil bucket (1) bottom surface, use the wash out amount of formula I calculating with nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position:
Formula I: M
1=[(S
1-S
2) r
1] * [(H
1-H
2) Q]
In the formula I: M
1With the wash out amount of nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, unit is g, S when extremely containing on soil bucket (1) bottom surface for groundwater table decreasing
1Be steps A nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records before steel ladle (8) adds shallow ground water, unit is mg/kg, and S
1The soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling and step B measure S
2In time,, the soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling was identical, S
2Nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records for step B, mg/kg; r
1For steps A is being packed into before the soil to containing soil bucket (a 1) lining, the soil weight that records earlier, and this soil weight is the soil weight of the soil in containing soil bucket (1) underground water table lifting zone, unit is g/cm
3H
1Be the described underground water table height of steps A, unit is m; H
2Be the described underground water table height H of step B
2, unit is m; Q is for containing the floorage of soil bucket, and unit is m
2
2. in the time of under underground decline of water table is extremely contained soil bucket (1) bottom surface, use the wash out amount of formula II calculating with nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position:
Formula II: M
2=[(S
1-S
3) r
2] * [(H
1-H
3) Q]
In the formula II: M
2With the wash out amount of nitrogen element or P elements in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, unit is g, S when extremely containing under soil bucket (1) bottom surface for groundwater table decreasing
1Be steps A nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records before steel ladle (8) adds shallow ground water, unit is mg/kg, and S
1The soil sampling hole of the soil sample of being got and step B measure S
3The soil sampling hole of institute's soil sampling is identical, S
3Nitrogen element or phosphorus element content in the soil that records for step B, mg/kg; r
2For steps A is being packed into before the soil to containing soil bucket (a 1) lining, the soil weight that records earlier, and this soil weight is the soil weight of the soil in containing soil bucket (1) underground water table lifting zone, unit is g/cm
3H
1Be the described underground water table height of steps A, unit is m; H
3Be the described height of extremely containing soil bucket (1) bottom surface from steel ladle (8) bottom surface of step B, unit is m; Q is for containing the floorage of soil bucket, and unit is m
2
Described observation is to be provided with the water white area of observation coverage (2) from bucket wall top to bucket wall bottom along containing soil bucket (1) axial direction at the bucket wall of containing soil bucket (1) with element wash out amount devices such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, on the water white area of observation coverage (2), be provided with the soil sampling hole from top to bottom, distance is contained the nearest soil sampling hole of soil bucket (1) bung and is contained soil bucket (1) bung at a distance of 200mm～300mm, all the other soil sampling pitchs of holes are 100mm, each aperture, soil sampling hole is provided with rubber stopper (3), the bottom surface of containing soil bucket (1) is provided with more than one infiltration hole (6), and the bottom surface of containing in the soil bucket (1) is provided with nylon wire; The external stability of Sheng soil bucket (1) bottom surface is connected with the feet (5) more than 3, containing soil bucket (1) is placed in the steel ladle (8), bucket wall at steel ladle (8) is provided with spill opening (10) along steel ladle (8) axial direction, spill open lower side (11) to the height of steel ladle (8) bottom surface highly equates with the feet (5) of containing soil bucket (1), article two, spill opening vertical edge (12) is tightly connected with corresponding water white area of observation coverage vertical edge (9) respectively, spill open lower side (11) is tightly connected with the base of the water white area of observation coverage (2), and the lower sidewall of steel ladle (8) is provided with depotition cock (7).
2. observation according to claim 1 is with the method for element wash out amounts such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, it is characterized in that: the aperture in described infiltration hole (6) is 30mm, the aperture of nylon wire is 0.5mm, and the aperture in soil sampling hole is 30mm.
3. observation according to claim 1 and 2 is with the method for element wash out amounts such as nitrogen phosphorus in the soil in the lifting process of shallow ground water position, and it is characterized in that: the water white area of observation coverage (2) is provided with rule (4).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103558361A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-05 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Monitoring system for migration of elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in hydrologic cycle process of farmland soil |
| CN103808908A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-21 | 北京林业大学 | Method for calculating soil loss amount caused by water erosion |
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| CN103558361A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-05 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Monitoring system for migration of elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in hydrologic cycle process of farmland soil |
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| CN104360014A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-18 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Device to simulate influence of water level variation on release risk of sediments of nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal |
| CN104360014B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-04-06 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Mimic water-depth changes the device to sediment nitrogen phosphorus and heavy metal release venture influence |
| CN104459085A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 桂林理工大学 | Indoor multistage simulated leaching test method |
| CN105974090A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Device and method for monitoring underground leaching amount of farmland non-point source pollution |
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