CN103217510A - Soil hygrometer - Google Patents
Soil hygrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103217510A CN103217510A CN2013100805449A CN201310080544A CN103217510A CN 103217510 A CN103217510 A CN 103217510A CN 2013100805449 A CN2013100805449 A CN 2013100805449A CN 201310080544 A CN201310080544 A CN 201310080544A CN 103217510 A CN103217510 A CN 103217510A
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil hygrometer which is suitable for measuring an over-wet land surface environment, which comprises a housing body with horizontal push slabs vertically placed inside, several probe pedestals at different depths on the horizontal push slab, and a horizontal drive unit, wherein, at least one probe pedestal is installed with a soil humidity probe, and the horizontal push slab can be pushed by the horizontal drive unit, thereby the soil humidity probe can protrude from the side surface of the housing body; the soil humidity probe is also connected to a data processing module. The invention has an enclosed compact structure and employs a one-piece modularized waterproof and antifreeze design, and can be directly inserted into the area to be measured for long time work, and the laterally slidable probe set improves the measurement flexibility, thereby solving the big measurement error problem caused by the penetration of the land surface ponding in the over-wet land surface environment downwards along slits. The soil hygrometer is suitable for measuring soil humidity of different depth positions in the over-wet land surface environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tensiometer, the particularly a kind of tensiometer that can show to measure in the environment in the over-wet land.
Background technology
The variation of soil moisture applies control for the flux of energy of land-atmosphere, may declare publicly the influence of weather for the soil.Soil moisture is by redistributing the infiltration on the face of land, and rainwash circulates and energy exchange with evaporation rainfall, the hydrology that soil moisture has influenced in different time and the space scale.Therefore, very important for the accurate measurement of soil moisture.
But in the table environment of over-wet land, because ground surface ponding and hole infiltration, conventional soil humidity measuring instrument tends to occur than mistake.When the table environment in-situ monitoring soil moisture of over-wet land, the way of using always is at present, digs an about hole of one cubic metre on ground, and the soil moisture probe is installed in the predetermined depth position then, and landfill recovers face of land original appearance as far as possible afterwards.The data that probe is gathered are transferred in the data box by data line, and are regularly obtained by the monitoring personnel.
But, because it is highly generally on the low side that data box is settled, rainy season is when arriving, near the river level that causes owing to rainfall goes up, and then be that face of land water level obviously rises, the situation of flooding data box occurs repeatedly, because leakproofness and waterproof measure are not enough, it is very risky that long-time sequence Monitoring Data is lost.Because inevitable slit during landfill enters surface pond, has caused very big measuring error.
In addition, existing mode workload of digging pit is big, and the equipment placement complexity has bigger disturbance to hypergene border in situ, also is distinct issues.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the objective of the invention is to: a kind of tensiometer is provided, solves the mistake that the soil moisture monitoring exists in the over-wet land table environment under the tale quale, big workload, equipment placement complexity, there are bigger problems such as disturbance in hypergene border in situ.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of tensiometer, it is characterized in that, comprise: outer framework and be located in the described outer framework several and be in the probe base of different depth, at least one probe base the soil moisture probe is installed therein, described soil moisture probe can stretch out from described housing body side surface; Described soil moisture probe also is connected with data processing module.
Described tensiometer, wherein: several perforation that upper edge, the side vertical spacing of described outer framework is provided with, described perforation and the corresponding one by one setting of described probe base.
Described tensiometer, wherein: described outer framework is enclosed with backing plate by C shape frame and is formed, and described perforation is arranged on the described backing plate.
Described tensiometer, wherein: vertically be placed with horizontal push pedal in the described outer framework, described horizontal push pedal can horizontal slip in the framework outside described under the driving of horizontal drive apparatus, and described probe base all is fixed in the described horizontal push pedal.
Described tensiometer, wherein: described horizontal drive apparatus is slim hydraulic jack, the operation circuit of described slim hydraulic jack and described data processing module join.
Described tensiometer, wherein: the expansion link of described slim hydraulic jack and described horizontal push pedal welding are fixing, and the pedestal part of described slim hydraulic jack is fixed with described outer framework.
Described tensiometer, wherein: described horizontal push pedal both sides are extruded with slide block, offer horizontal slide rail on two opposed inner walls of described outer framework, and described horizontal push pedal and described outer framework are slidingly connected.
Described tensiometer, wherein: described outer framework bottom is connected with taper and settles head.
Described tensiometer, wherein: described outer framework top is connected with the wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin, and described wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin and described data processing module join.
Described tensiometer, wherein: described wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin top is connected with lightning protection.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is: compact overall structure, closure of track are not easy to damage, and it is adjustable to fathom, quick for installation, little to the disturbance of environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are respectively the one-piece construction synoptic diagram and the decomposition texture synoptic diagram of integrated form provided by the invention over-wet land table environment water level and soil moisture monitor;
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively the decomposition texture synoptic diagram on the both direction of tensiometer among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of seeing from rear side (removing outer tube body and data processing module) of the water level gauge among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the data processing module of the water level gauge among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the perspective view (having removed interior pipe) of the first half of the water level gauge among the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the interior pipe of the water level gauge among the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the decomposition mounting structure synoptic diagram of the water leg of the water level gauge among the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation that the water level gauge among the present invention uses ultrasonic type level measuring element;
Figure 11 is the electrical block diagram of data processing module of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the workflow diagram of data processing module of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin 1; Lightning protection 2; Top bidirectional screw joint 3; Water level gauge 4; Middle part bidirectional screw joint 7; Tensiometer 8; Bottom bidirectional screw joint 9; Taper settles 10; Perforation 12; Backing plate 14; Slim hydraulic jack 15; Horizontal push pedal 16; Soil moisture probe 17; Probe base 18; C shape frame encloses 19; Carrying handle 28; Data processing module 29; Multi-usage spininess socket 30; Lithium battery 32; SD card fetch equipment 33; Placement hole 35; Interior pipe 36; Instrument groove 37; Preceding semicolumn 38; Later half cylinder 39; Air equalizer opening 40; Fin 41; Ultrasonic type level measuring element 43; Water leg 44; Wire clamp 45; Transverse tube 451; Locating slot 46; Condenser type level measuring element 47; Data call wire 471; Trash rack A; Air discharge grille B; Outer tube body E; Window F.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the invention provides a kind of integrated form over-wet land table environment water level and soil moisture monitor, its integral body is shaft-like, comprise that from the bottom to top taper settles 10, bottom bidirectional screw joint 9, tensiometer 8, middle part bidirectional screw joint 7, water level gauge 4, top bidirectional screw joint 3, wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin 1 and lightning protection 2, after finishing, described monitor assembling inserts in the zone to be measured of over-wet land table environment, described tensiometer 8 is positioned at below the face of land, be used for measured soil humidity, described water level gauge 4 is positioned at more than the face of land, is used to measure water level.
The instrument department of described monitor is indoor to be provided with in the data processing module 29(present embodiment, it is positioned at the shell body of water level gauge 4), described data processing module 29 is connected respectively with described tensiometer 8 and water level gauge 4, in the present embodiment, described data processing module 29 comprises intelligent chip and memory device.Monitoring the face of land at described water level gauge 4 has under the situation of water, and described tensiometer 8 is not worked, and the memory device of described data processing module 29 receives the data that described water level gauge 4 measures; Monitor under the anhydrous situation in the face of land at described water level gauge 4, described tensiometer 8 is started working, and the memory device of described data processing module 29 receives the data that described tensiometer 8 measures.
Described middle part bidirectional screw joint 7 is provided with zero graduation, when described monitor inserts the zone to be measured of over-wet land table environment, and need be with described zero graduation in alignment with ground level.If zero graduation and ground level have height tolerance, then deviate manually can be input in the described data processing module 29, described data processing module 29 can carry out the adjustment of data.
Described wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin 1, be connected in described water level gauge 4 tops, it links to each other with described data processing module 29 usefulness data lines, the data message of collecting in the described data processing module 29 can be launched by wireless (as GPRS), like this, the staff can the long range acquisition data message, and in case described monitor damage, also can in time be discovered, be convenient to daily servicing.
Fig. 3 for another example, shown in Figure 4, it is the structural representation of described tensiometer 8, it comprises: enclose the 19 shaft-like outer frameworks of forming with backing plate 14 by C shape frame, several perforation 12 that upper edge, the side vertical spacing of described outer framework is provided with, vertically insert the horizontal push pedal 16 in the described outer framework, be fixed in the described outer framework and drive the slim hydraulic jack 15 that horizontal slip is done in described horizontal push pedal 16, be arranged on several probe bases 18 in the described horizontal push pedal 16 and be installed in soil moisture probe 17 at least one probe base 18 wherein along vertical spacing, wherein, described perforation 12 and the corresponding one by one setting of described probe base 18.
Bored after the hole on the ground, described tensiometer 8 is inserted in the hole, follow described horizontal push pedal 16 and driven outwards motion by described slim hydraulic jack 15, described soil moisture probe 17 will be by level in the described perforation 12 to passing, and thrust in the soil, to measure the soil moisture value at corresponding height place; Measure after the end, described slim hydraulic jack 15 drives described horizontal push pedal 16 and inwardly retracts, and described tensiometer 8 can be taken out from soil.
In order to increase the measurement adaptability of described tensiometer 8, the present invention is provided with 8 described probe bases 18 in described horizontal push pedal 16, each probe base 18 is provided with the following 10cm of ground level, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm part respectively, therefore, the user can distribute the setting height(from bottom) of described soil moisture probe 17 according to self needs, for example, can respectively establish a soil moisture probe 17 at 20cm, 40cm, 60cm place, can also a soil moisture probe 17 be set respectively at 50cm, 80cm place.
In the above-described embodiments, be on described backing plate 14, to be provided with described perforation 12; And the expansion link of described slim hydraulic jack 15 and described horizontal push pedal 16 welding are fixing, the pedestal of described slim hydraulic jack 15 part then described horizontal push pedal 16 vertically insert described outside in the process of framework with described outside framework be fixed, therefore, described slim hydraulic jack 15 not only can promote described horizontal push pedal 16 outward, can also after measuring end described horizontal push pedal 16 inwardly be pulled back.Wherein, described horizontal push pedal 16 both sides are extruded with slide block, offer horizontal slide rail, the horizontal slip that realizes on two opposed inner walls of described outer framework.
The operation circuit of the data line of described soil moisture probe 17, described slim hydraulic jack 15 upwards is communicated to more than the ground by the inside of described outer framework, and enter in the described water level gauge 4 by described middle part bidirectional screw joint 7, finally join with described data processing module 29.
See also Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, be the perspective view of seeing from rear side (having removed outer tube body and data processing module 29) of the water level gauge 4 among the present invention and the perspective view of described data processing module 29, described water level gauge 4 comprises that outer tube body E(is as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2) and be located at described outer tube body E interior preceding semicolumn 38 and later half cylinder 39, semicolumn 38 is connected together by T-slot with later half cylinder 39 and constitutes a cylinder before described, wherein:
The top of described later half cylinder 39 is provided with instrument groove 37, can embed wherein for described data processing module 29, the below of described instrument groove 37 also has along the vertical data line hole of passing described later half cylinder 39, can pass for the operation circuit of the data line of described soil moisture probe 17 and described slim hydraulic jack 15 and join with described data processing module 29.
As shown in Figure 6, described data processing module 29 tops are provided with carrying handle 28, are convenient to pick and place with mobile; The lateral surface of described data processing module 29 also is provided with multi-usage spininess socket 30, lithium battery 32 and SD card fetch equipment 33, described SD card fetch equipment is electrically connected respectively with described water level gauge and tensiometer, data from tensiometer and/or water level gauge acquisition will enter the memory device of described SD card fetch equipment and described data processing module 29 simultaneously.This has guaranteed that even under the most serious water logging condition, instrument still backs up data, has ensured the safety of long-time sequence Monitoring Data.As shown in Figure 2, described outer tube body E is provided with window F corresponding to the lateral surface place of described data processing module 29, is convenient to reading of data or changes lithium battery 32.
As Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, be the perspective view (having removed interior pipe 36) and interior pipe 36 synoptic diagram of the preceding semicolumn 38 of the water level gauge 4 among the present invention, semicolumn 38 is along the vertical placement hole 35 that is provided with before described, also be provided with at least one locating slot 46 on the sidewall of described placement hole 35, pipe 36 inserts in the described placement hole 35 in described, and by the fin on interior pipe 36 outer walls 41 with described locating slot 46 clampings in case spline move.Lower end one side of pipe 36 has inlet opening 39 in described, and upper end one side has air equalizer opening 40, and the position corresponding to described inlet opening 39 and described air equalizer opening 40 on the sidewall of described outer tube body E is respectively equipped with trash rack A and air discharge grille B.When in the monitored area of water level gauge 4 over-wet land of inserting table environment water being arranged, water liquid promptly enters in the described interior pipe 36 from described trash rack A and inlet opening 39, according to connecting pipe principle, water level in described in the pipe 36 will maintain an equal level with ground water level, at this moment, the condenser type level measuring element or the ultrasonic type level measuring element that are arranged in the described interior pipe 36 can be known water level information, and this information is passed in the described data processing module 29.
As Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, it is the structural representation that the present invention uses condenser type level measuring element to measure, described condenser type level measuring element 47 is suspended on described interior pipe 36 bottoms by data call wire 471, described data call wire 471 along vertical extend upwardly to described in pipe be folded to described later half cylinder 39 behind 36 tops, join with described data processing module 29 then, during SEA LEVEL VARIATION in described in the pipe 36, the hydraulic pressure that described condenser type level measuring element 47 is born is respective change also, therefore also respective change of its capacitance, described data processing module 29 obtains the height of water level data according to the variation of described capacitance.
Since described condenser type level measuring element 47 when measuring must with described in the sidewall of pipe 36 keep certain distance to guarantee the accurate of measurement result, the present invention also is provided with a wire clamp 45 on the top of described cylinder, a transverse tube 451 is flatly fixing by described wire clamp 45, one end of described transverse tube 451 overhangs and manage 36 position of center line in described, the data call wire 471 of described condenser type level measuring element 47 connects described data processing module 29 again by passing in the described transverse tube 451, so be provided with, the described condenser type level measuring element 47 that can guarantee the lower end of described data call wire 471 is positioned at described pipe 36 centers, guarantees measuring accuracy.
Again as shown in Figure 9, the measurement distortion that causes under the very little situation of water level on the face of land, the present invention is made as the bottom of pipe 36 in described open, and a water leg 44 is connected airtight in the bottom of pipe 36 in described, inserts the described water leg 44 after the bottom of described condenser type level measuring element 47 pipe 36 in described passes.Because the existence of water leg 44, even the water level on the face of land is very low, the depth of water of condenser type level measuring element 47 environment of living in the interior pipe 36 still can be guaranteed, therefore can the distortion owing to the depth of water is not enough.
As shown in figure 10, it is the structural representation of the water level gauge 4 use ultrasonic type level measuring elements 43 among the present invention, it is that pipe 36 apical position is fixed a described ultrasonic type level measuring element 43 in described, the data call wire of described ultrasonic type level measuring element 43 joins with described data processing module 29 again, wherein, in order to make described ultrasonic type level measuring element 43 remain on the center of described interior pipe 36, the data call wire of described ultrasonic type level measuring element 43 also is connected to described data processing module 29 by the described described transverse tube 451 that is fixed on the described wire clamp 45.Use under the situation of ultrasonic type level measuring element 43, also can connect described water leg 44, provide measuring accuracy with this by the bottom of pipe 36 in described.
Because freezing former thereby can't use, heat-insulation layer can be set for fear of water level gauge in the inboard of described outer tube body E.
See also shown in Figure 11ly again, introduce circuit structure of the present invention, be provided with described intelligent chip and described memory device in the described data processing module 29, described intelligent chip is connected with following each module:
Power supply, for example described lithium battery 32 is used for power supply;
Calendar clock chip is used for timing;
Keyboard is used for the data input;
Display module is used for display message, can adopt touch-screen under the preferable case, to strengthen human-computer interaction function;
Signal conditioning circuit, link to each other with instrument internal Temperature Humidity Sensor, described level measuring element (condenser type or ultrasonic type) and described soil moisture probe 17 respectively, be sent to described intelligent chip then thereby the data-signal that measures is carried out signal Processing (for example preposition amplification, bandpass filtering, trap are handled);
Described memory device is used to store data;
The USB transmission interface can supply outer extension memory (for example described SD card fetch equipment 33) to carry out exchanges data;
The GPRS radio receiving transmitting module is used to carry out remote data communication or will guarantees to keep in good repair signal send by wireless.
Wherein: described intelligent chip can be installed RS485 interface and driving, and RS232 interface and driving, to increase the adaptability of intelligent chip to each sensor and soil moisture probe.
When using, as shown in figure 12:
At first carry out the parameter interactive setup, so that intelligent chip and described each module are carried out initialization by keyboard and described display module;
Described intelligent chip checks whether the electric weight of described power supply is sufficient, and checks by described inner Temperature Humidity Sensor whether internal environment is suitable, if not, then sends the guarantee signal by described GPRS radio receiving transmitting module, if then continue;
Then, described intelligent chip reads the reading of described level measuring element, and has judged whether reading, if non-metering illustrates that ground is anhydrous, then described soil humidity sensor starts, and described level measuring element is closed; If reading is arranged, illustrate that there is water on ground, then described soil humidity sensor is closed, and described level measuring element starts;
The data that described soil humidity sensor or described level measuring element are gathered can deposit described memory device in, and/or deposit outer extension memory in by the USB transmission interface, and/or send by described GPRS radio receiving transmitting module;
After a work period finished, described intelligent chip and described each module entered the system hibernates state.
Certainly, above-mentioned tensiometer 8 also can break away from described water level gauge 4 and make separately and use, described data processing module 29 can be arranged on the inside of described tensiometer 8 or be fixed on the top of described tensiometer 8, can also below described tensiometer 8, connect taper and settle 10, and above described tensiometer 8, connect wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin 1 and lightning protection 2.
Described water level gauge 4 also can break away from described tensiometer 8 and make separately and use, and can connect taper and settle 10 below described water level gauge 4, and connect wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin 1 and lightning protection 2 above described water level gauge 4.
Described taper settles 10, the connection between tensiometer 8, water level gauge 4, wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin 1 and the lightning protection 2 also is not limited to be threaded, and can use multiple connected modes such as clamping, socket, splicing, can also be made into integrative-structure.
More than explanation is just illustrative for the purpose of the present invention; and nonrestrictive, those of ordinary skills understand, under the situation of the spirit and scope that do not break away from claim and limited; can make many modifications, variation or equivalence, but all will fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. tensiometer, it is characterized in that, comprise: outer framework and be located in the described outer framework several and be in the probe base of different depth, at least one probe base the soil moisture probe is installed therein, described soil moisture probe can stretch out from described housing body side surface; Described soil moisture probe also is connected with data processing module.
2. tensiometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: several perforation that upper edge, the side vertical spacing of described outer framework is provided with, described perforation and the corresponding one by one setting of described probe base.
3. tensiometer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described outer framework is enclosed with backing plate by C shape frame and is formed, and described perforation is arranged on the described backing plate.
4. tensiometer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: vertically be placed with horizontal push pedal in the described outer framework, described horizontal push pedal can horizontal slip in the framework outside described under the driving of horizontal drive apparatus, and described probe base all is fixed in the described horizontal push pedal.
5. tensiometer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described horizontal drive apparatus is slim hydraulic jack, and the operation circuit of described slim hydraulic jack and described data processing module join.
6. tensiometer according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the expansion link of described slim hydraulic jack and described horizontal push pedal welding are fixing, and the pedestal part of described slim hydraulic jack is fixed with described outer framework.
7. tensiometer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described horizontal push pedal both sides are extruded with slide block, offer horizontal slide rail on two opposed inner walls of described outer framework, and described horizontal push pedal and described outer framework are slidingly connected.
8. tensiometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described outer framework bottom is connected with taper and settles head.
9. tensiometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described outer framework top is connected with the wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin, and described wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin and described data processing module join.
10. tensiometer according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described wireless receiving and dispatching overhead bin top is connected with lightning protection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310080544.9A CN103217510B (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2013-03-13 | Soil hygrometer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310080544.9A CN103217510B (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2013-03-13 | Soil hygrometer |
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| CN103217510A true CN103217510A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103217510B CN103217510B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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| CN104076132A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-01 | 北京林业大学 | Design method, design device and control method for deep soil moisture measuring device |
| CN104483357A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-01 | 山东大学 | Resistivity change principle based soil water content testing instrument and method |
| CN105067472A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 首都师范大学 | Super-humid earth surface environment water lysimeter |
| CN105807033A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 青岛中科软件股份有限公司 | Tapered high-sensitivity soil sensor |
| CN117871828A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-04-12 | 河北四维致和科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring water content of soil in mining fracture |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103217510B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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