CN103215957B - Underwater construction method for large object and used device - Google Patents
Underwater construction method for large object and used device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103215957B CN103215957B CN201310073083.2A CN201310073083A CN103215957B CN 103215957 B CN103215957 B CN 103215957B CN 201310073083 A CN201310073083 A CN 201310073083A CN 103215957 B CN103215957 B CN 103215957B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large object underwater construction method and a device used by the method, wherein a buoyancy device is used for hanging and transporting a construction object to a preset position of a preset construction water area, and then the ballast weight of the buoyancy device is increased to enable the buoyancy device and the construction object to begin to sink; the buoyancy device is further connected with a plurality of auxiliary buoyancy bodies, and when the buoyancy device and the construction object sink to a certain depth, the buoyancy device and the construction object are controlled to stop sinking through the buoyancy of the auxiliary buoyancy bodies, so that the purpose of controlling the sinking depth of the construction object is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of subaqueous construction method and device, particularly a kind of large-sized object subaqueous construction method being suitable for marine large structure or pipeline construction and the device used.
Background technology
On the earth's surface of the earth, the overwhelming majority area all cover by water, along with population roll up and science and technology civilization progress, the development activities of the mankind increases gradually, and start toward marine field expand.
Transport by sea between nearly many decades flourish, shipping total throughout and counter quantity are often significantly grown up every year, therefore the construction of no matter commercial port and industrial port, all towards the direction effort of enlarging harbour depth, to adapt to the passenger-cargo steamer day by day adding load capacity.What therefore every large-scale maritime engineering was supporting applies method, also thereupon raw, could meet so huge engineering demand.
Current underwater line mounting method, first on land more piece short tube has been assembled haply, the pipeline will assembled again, fasten floating drum at a certain distance, finally utilize towboat to be towed by the pipeline fastening floating drum at sea to discharge again to anchor point, make its free settling to seabed, but the method major defect is: pipeline is uncontrolled in infall process, if put the ocean current of pipe point or wave when crossing strong, easily depart from expected point of impact.
The thrust that ocean current produces in addition is directly proportional to active area, and heavy caliber pipe or building structure are because the projected area of side direction is larger, therefore be subject to impact suffered when ocean current promotes more remarkable, thus further increase the degree of difficulty of large-scale tubing or the construction of building structure maritime affairs.
Weight and the volume of adding Large Tube are excessive, not easily tow in large land installation and sea, therefore the mounting means of heavy caliber pipe or building structure, and the mode that macrotype platform ship installs high-bearing crane additional can only be utilized to carry out handling.But the construction equipment needed for this engineering method is with a higher standard, and pole consumption manpower and time, still belong to more uneconomic construction method.
So, existing construction method is further improved, and seeks necessity of feasible solution, is engaged in so the present inventor is this work the experience in kind that this technical field designs and develops for many years, and via actual experiment many times, finally develop the technology of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, the device a kind of large-sized object subaqueous construction method being provided and using, it can utilize simple device to reach the object being freely elevated the Large Construction such as large pipe or building structure object in water, when being used in large-scale water-bed engineering, the demand to Large expensive construction equipment can be reduced, and shorten man-hour and save labour turnover.
Technical scheme of the present invention: for reaching above-mentioned purpose, method of the present invention mainly utilizes a buoyant device that the hanging of the Large Construction such as tubing, building structure object is suspended in the underwater for construction waters, and by the ballasting weight of adjustment buoyant device, control this large-sized object and sink to the degree of depth in water.
Aforementioned buoyant device is by a main floatage body, and several buoyancy aid bodies formed.The buoyancy system of this main floatage body is greater than the weight summation of this buoyant device together with construction object, and the suspension of this Large Construction object can be hung on underwater, during its construction, first this buoyant device is hauled predetermined construction waters together with Large Construction object, and after just locating, increase the ballasting weight of this main floatage body gradually, this main floatage body is sunk gradually together with construction object.When aforementioned main floatage body sinks, drive this buoyancy aid body to sink, produce a buoyancy aid when this buoyancy aid body submerged, and stop this buoyant device to continue to sink together with large-sized object by this buoyancy aid.
When increasing the weight of aforementioned main floatage body, should be noted that this main floatage body of maintenance must not exceed in the scope of this main floatage body together with buoyancy aid body buoyancy together with the weight of construction object, this buoyant device is made to continue to possess buoyancy in construction object decline process, to make this construction object keep suspended state, and be unlikely to touch water-bed ground because of the inertia continuous decrease of sinking and damage.
Therefore, under the prerequisite of buoyancy summation being no more than this main floatage body and buoyancy aid body, increase the ballasting weight of this main floatage body gradually, the height of this construction object can be made to decline gradually, and till reaching predetermined construction height position, therefore reach the object controlling construction object submerged height and position.
In addition, aforementioned buoyant device can be a pressure chamber, and it is by controlling the method for its inner ballasting water yield, reaches and controls the proportion of this buoyant device and the object of buoyancy.In addition, when running into the occasion of inclination or rugged water-bed landform construction, its inner area can be divided into multiple different buoyancy space by this buoyant device further, and make the buoyancy of each buoyancy space different, make buoyant device change the angle of inclination in water, be installed on water-bed ground with angle of inclination to enable this construction object.
Compared with prior art, the present invention, by utilizing the mutual adjustment of the buoyancy of buoyant device and weight, can regulate the height of construction object sinking easily in water.
In addition, when being applied to the special sea bed as larger in gradient of landform, main floatage body also can need in response to different terrain, the water ballast of inequality is imported respectively in each buoyancy space, make main floatage body have the ballasting weight do not waited in each buoyancy space, and tilt to the angle of needs, convenient installation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is suspended in the schematic diagram of buoyance at During Initial Stage Construction buoyant device hanging construction object;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is constructing mid-term, and buoyant device starts to increase ballasting weight, gradually the schematic diagram of submerged state;
Fig. 3 is that the multiple buoyancy aid body of the present invention is chained together, to increase the schematic diagram of the buoyant device sedimentation degree of depth;
Fig. 4 is the ballasting weight that the present invention passes through to change the different buoyancy space of main floatage body, to change the schematic diagram at construction object angle of inclination.
Being labeled as in accompanying drawing: 10-buoyant device, the main floatage body of 11-, 12-buoyancy aid body, 13-connecting elements, 14-separates component, 15-independence buoyancy space, 16-flange socket, and 20-constructs object, 21-cable wire.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, but not as foundation the present invention being done to any restriction.
Embodiments of the invention: as shown in Figure 1, construction method of the present invention mainly utilizes a buoyant device 10 to be suspended by the construction object 20 of a predetermined construction and is hung on the bottom, summation weight simultaneously by controlling this buoyant device 10 and construction object 20 produces buoyancy after sinking with this buoyant device 10 and regulates mutually, reaches control and is elevated and the object continuing to maintain enough buoyancy.Hereafter will describe in detail:
Aforementioned buoyant device 10 is by a main floatage body 11, and some buoyancy aid bodies 12 formed.Main floatage body 11 be connected with connecting elements 13 between buoyancy aid body 12.This connecting elements 13 is the flexual component such as hawser, iron chains, to make this main floatage body 11 and to keep flexual between buoyancy aid body 12 and be connected.
As shown in Figure 1, the main floatage body 11 used in this embodiment of the invention is a hollow airtight cylinder groove, and aforementioned construction object 20 is hung on below this main floatage body 11 with cable wire 21.The buoyancy that main floatage body 11 original state can produce is greater than the ballasting weight of this construction object 20 together with this main floatage body 11, and makes this construction object 20 to be suspended in underwater.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, when the present invention starts to construct, first this buoyant device 10 is hauled the fixed point in predetermined construction waters together with construction object 20.This buoyant device 10 in an initial condition,, by the buoyancy of main floatage body 11, the suspension of construction object 20 is hung on the underwater making a reservation for construction waters, and now aforementioned buoyancy aid body 12 is in the state floating on the water surface, and not yet start the weight sharing this construction object 20.
As shown in Figure 2, when this construction object 20 will be controlled to sink, the ballasting weight increasing this main floatage body 11 can be started, and make this main floatage body 11 start to sink together with construction object 20.
In this embodiment, the technological means of increase of the present invention main floatage body 11 ballasting weight is, pours into water ballast toward main floatage body 11 inside.Balance is maintained when sinking for enabling this main floatage body 11, some components 14 that separates are utilized to be separated into multiple independently buoyancy space 15 in main floatage body 11, independently the purpose of design of buoyancy space 15 is mainly when importing ballast water, ballast water energy average mark is dispersed in each buoyancy space 15, and the side avoiding ballast water to concentrate on main floatage body 11 inside is caused main floatage body 11 distribution of weight uneven and topples over.
Main another designing points of floatage body 11 is itself volume, its design volume size need be determined according to the weight of the construction object 20 of institute's handling, key is the buoyancy that construction object 20 and main floatage body 11 can produce, must slightly larger than the gross weight of construct object 20 and main floatage body 11 empty-cabin state, by such design, main floatage body 11 can be allowed to increase a little ballasting weight, just can start sedimentation operation.
As above-mentioned, main floatage body 11 each buoyancy space 15 inner is respectively equipped with opening for water ballast turnover, and water ballast itself is then squeezed in each buoyancy space 15 by seawater by the ballasting water pump of arranging in pairs or groups.
Must emphasize at this, except above-mentioned pours into water ballast to control main floatage body 11 with except the method for construction object 20 sedimentation, other are carry mass on main floatage body 11 such as, to increase the mode of main floatage body 11 ballasting weight, is also feasible technological means.
The present invention is except the weight that aforementioned main floatage body 11 supports construction object 20, buoyancy aid body 12 provides extra buoyancy in addition, to control the degree of depth that this construction object 20 declines, and make this construction object 20 keep suspended state at any time, avoid constructing when object sinks and damage because water-bed ground is clashed in inertia sinking effect.
The buoyancy aid body 12 used in this embodiment is the structure adopting microscler closed floating drum, utilizes connecting elements 13 to be connected to the two ends of main floatage body 11.This connected mode contributes to the balance of system, and also the visual depth of water and demand lengthen by contacting the floating drum at two ends.
Buoyancy aid body 12 major design object is to provide the buoyancy that buoyant device 10 is greater than system deadweight; guarantee that buoyant device 10 is when main floatage body 11 is introduced water ballast increase deadweight and sunk; corresponding buoyancy can be produced and stop infall process; and protection construction object 20 is avoided colliding with sea bed; although buoyancy aid body 12 major function is to provide buoyancy; but also visual situation needs to introduce water ballast, make the function of its height of adjustment with buoyancy compartment and angle.
State as shown in Figure 1, be connected with flexual connecting elements 13, therefore when main floatage body 11 does not also start to sink, buoyancy aid body 12 floats on the water surface, and does not bear the ballasting weight of construction object 20 and main floatage body 11.
As shown in Figure 2, when the ballasting weight of main floatage body 11 be increased to make it be greater than the buoyancy of this main floatage body 11 with construction object 20 summation weight time, this main floatage body 11 can fully sink in water, and now this buoyancy aid body 12 can draw by this main floatage body 11, and starts submerged.
After this buoyancy aid body 12 sinks, the buoyancy aid produced can increase along with buoyancy aid body 12 submerged volume and increase gradually, that is when the ballasting weight of main floatage body 11 increases gradually, this buoyancy aid body 12 acceptor floatage body 11 drives the degree of depth of submerged also can increase thereupon, now this buoyancy aid body 12 is because submerged volume increases, therefore also can produce corresponding buoyancy aid, and make the buoyancy of buoyant device 10 maintain balance.
Must be noted that buoyant device 10 of the present invention is in infall process at this, buoyancy aid body 12 not exclusively submerged need be kept, the weight summation that so just can maintain this main floatage body 11 and construction object 20 is less than the state of this main floatage body 11 and buoyancy aid body 12 buoyancy summation, and makes this buoyant device 10 and construction object 20 in infall process, remain the state that can suspend in water.
Therefore, method of the present invention is when sedimentation construction object 20, operator can under the prerequisite maintaining the incomplete submerged of buoyancy aid body 12, increase the ballasting weight of this main floatage body 11 gradually, and control the height of this construction object 20 sedimentation, and construction object 20 is made to keep in infall process the state that suspends in water.
As shown in Figure 2, the buoyancy aid body 12 that this embodiment of the invention uses adopts the structure of microscler closed tubular, and it is connected with main floatage body 11 by one end of long end, therefore during its submerged, can be erectility because of buoyancy, and the degree of depth of the buoyancy aid that respectively this buoyancy aid body 12 is produced and its submerged present linear relation.
Therefore by controlling the ballasting water yield that this buoyant device 10 pours into, finally also can be linear with the sedimentation degree of depth.By such design, when practical operation, for the relation between the sedimentation degree of depth and the required ballasting water yield, just can convert with simple constant, greatly increase operation ease.If the water proportion supposing construction waters is 1, buoyancy aid body 12 produces being equal in weight of the equal-volume water of buoyancy aid and its submerged, and this relevance can descend array function to present:
W0+W1=F0+F1
→W0+W1=F0+∑（A1*H1）
Each symbology meaning of above-mentioned function is as follows:
W0: construction object+buoyant device original weight summation
W1: ballasting weight
F0: construction object and main floatage body buoyancy
A1: buoyancy aid body section amasss
H1: the buoyancy aid body submerged degree of depth.
By above-mentioned function, simple and easyly can extrapolate buoyant device 10 when increasing ballasting weight, the association of whole buoyant device 10 and construction object descending depth, therefore when constructing, operator only needs according to construction object 20 degree of depth in an initial condition, add after buoyant device 10 increases ballasting weight, the depth H 1 of buoyancy aid body 12 submerged, just the degree of depth of construction object 20 submerged can be calculated, and construction object for being deposited to required construction depth time, the ballasting weight W1 of required increase.
In addition, as shown in Figure 3, when the sedimentation degree of depth needed for construction object 20 is comparatively dark, and exceed buoyancy aid body 12 can the degree of depth of sedimentation time, most buoyancy aid bodies 12 can be chained together, what increase this buoyancy aid body 12 can the sedimentation degree of depth.As shown in Figure 3, the two ends of buoyancy aid body 12 have flange socket 16 respectively, therefore make each buoyancy aid body 12 that flange socket 16 can be utilized to be interconnected, and increase the entire length of this buoyancy aid body 12.
As shown in Figure 4, when the inventive method is applied to the special sea bed as larger in gradient of landform, main floatage body 11 also can need in response to different terrain, the water ballast of inequality is imported respectively in each buoyancy space 15, main floatage body 11 is made to have the ballasting weight do not waited in each buoyancy space 15, and tilt to the angle of needs, convenient installation.
Comprehensive the above, by the inventive method and device, the mutual adjustment of the buoyancy of buoyant device and weight can be utilized, the height that can construction object be regulated in water easily to sink, and for the requirement of construction equipment lower than known traditional engineering method, it has possessed the value that industry utilizes, really belongs to the innovation and creation of a novelty, so propose patent application in accordance with the law.
Claims (12)
1. a large-sized object subaqueous construction method, for a large-scale construction object handling being installed on the bottom in predetermined construction waters, it is characterized in that: the method utilizes a buoyant device aforementioned construction object to be hung the underwater be suspended in above predetermined construction location; Then increase the ballasting weight of this buoyant device gradually, make this buoyant device together with the sedimentation gradually of construction object, make this construction object drop to the height and position of predetermined construction; Wherein this buoyant device is made up of a main floatage body and several buoyancy aid bodies; The buoyancy of this main floatage body is greater than the weight summation of this buoyant device together with construction object, and the hanging of this construction object can be suspended in underwater; Aforementioned buoyancy aid body is connected with this main floatage body, and can be driven and submerged when this main floatage body sinks; Under the state that wherein this buoyancy aid body maintains incomplete submerged, increase the ballasting weight of this buoyant device gradually, making to maintain all the time in this buoyant device sinking watching this buoyant device must not exceed in the scope of this main floatage body together with the buoyancy summation of buoyancy aid body together with the weight summation of construction object, this buoyant device is made to continue to possess buoyancy in construction object decline process, to make this construction object keep suspended state, and be unlikely to touch water-bed ground because of the inertia continuous decrease of sinking and damage.
2. large-sized object subaqueous construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be mutually connected in series between each buoyancy aid body, to increase the degree of depth that this buoyant device can sink.
3. large-sized object subaqueous construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wherein this buoyant device submergence depth can be calculated by following method:
W0+W1=F0+∑（A1*H1）
Each symbology meaning of above-mentioned function is as follows:
W0: construction object+buoyant device original weight summation
W1: ballasting weight
F0: construction object and main floatage body buoyancy
A1: buoyancy aid body section amasss
H1: the buoyancy aid body submerged degree of depth.
4. large-sized object subaqueous construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wherein this buoyant device increases the method for ballasting weight for pour into water ballast to this main floatage body inside.
5. large-sized object subaqueous construction method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: wherein this main floatage body inside is separated into multiple different buoyancy space, and each buoyancy space has independently water ballast import and outlet respectively.
6. large-sized object subaqueous construction method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the water ballast wherein pouring into inequality in this main floatage body each different buoyancy space inner, this buoyant device is made to produce, to adjust this angle of inclination of construction object in water.
7. the large-sized object subaqueous construction device realizing method described in any one in claim 1 ~ 6 and use, for Large Construction object (20) handling being installed on the bottom in predetermined construction waters, it is characterized in that: comprise a buoyant device (10), this buoyant device (10) is by a main floatage body (11), and several buoyancy aid bodies (12) formed; The buoyancy of this main floatage body (11) is greater than the weight summation of this buoyant device (10) together with construction object (20); Aforementioned buoyancy aid body (12) is connected with main floatage body (11); Wherein main floatage body (11) inner area is divided into multiple different buoyancy space (15), and each buoyancy space (15) has independently water ballast import and outlet respectively.
8. large-sized object subaqueous construction device according to claim 7, is characterized in that: wherein this buoyancy aid body (12) is microscler floating drum; Main floatage body (11) is a hollow airtight cylinder groove.
9. large-sized object subaqueous construction device according to claim 7, is characterized in that: main floatage body (11) is connected by connecting elements (13) with buoyancy aid body (12); Construction object (20) is hung on main floatage body (11) below by cable wire (21).
10. large-sized object subaqueous construction device according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the multiple buoyancy aid bodies (12) in this buoyant device (10) are connected in series mutually.
11. large-sized object subaqueous construction devices according to claim 7 or 10, is characterized in that: the two ends of described buoyancy aid body (12) are respectively equipped with flange socket (16), are connected between multiple buoyancy aid body (12) by flange socket (16).
12. large-sized object subaqueous construction devices according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described connecting elements (13) is hawser or iron chains.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101204715U TWM433401U (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2012-03-15 | Underwater construction device for large articles |
| TW101204715 | 2012-03-15 | ||
| TW101108913A TW201337070A (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2012-03-15 | Underwater construction method of large object |
| TW101108913 | 2012-03-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103215957A CN103215957A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103215957B true CN103215957B (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310073083.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103215957B (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2013-03-07 | Underwater construction method for large object and used device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN103215957B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107916607B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-09-17 | 中国建筑工程（香港）有限公司 | Automatic paver system with measurement and positioning structure |
| CN107724396B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2020-05-22 | 中国建筑工程（香港）有限公司 | Automatic paver system with buoyancy adjusting structure and working method thereof |
| CN112227377A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 王洪振 | Deep water construction conveying equipment in hydraulic engineering dam |
| CN113845041B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2024-02-27 | 河南省水利勘测设计研究有限公司 | Method for installing block-assembled hydraulic building in sinking and positioning manner by moving water assembly |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB825488A (en) * | 1956-08-20 | 1959-12-16 | Christiani & Nielsen | Equipment for the sinking of structural elements in water |
| DE2510552A1 (en) * | 1975-03-11 | 1976-09-16 | Linde Ag | METHOD OF LOWERING A FLOATING HOLLOW BODY |
| CN1472399A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-02-04 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Method for positioning floatation transported heavy anchor of steel caisson of deep underwater foundation of bridge |
-
2013
- 2013-03-07 CN CN201310073083.2A patent/CN103215957B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB825488A (en) * | 1956-08-20 | 1959-12-16 | Christiani & Nielsen | Equipment for the sinking of structural elements in water |
| DE2510552A1 (en) * | 1975-03-11 | 1976-09-16 | Linde Ag | METHOD OF LOWERING A FLOATING HOLLOW BODY |
| CN1472399A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-02-04 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Method for positioning floatation transported heavy anchor of steel caisson of deep underwater foundation of bridge |
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| CN103215957A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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