CN103215076A

CN103215076A - Gasifier

Info

Publication number: CN103215076A
Application number: CN2013100279674A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雅各布斯·安德烈亚斯·斯塔德勒
Original assignee: Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2012-01-24
Filing date: 2013-01-24
Publication date: 2013-07-24
Also published as: ZA201405369B; WO2013110981A1; IN2014MN01505A; US20150041716A1; NZ628393A; AU2012367827A1

Abstract

Agasifier.A solids handling equipment rotary plough (200) includes an elongate metal body (201) with a leading face (210) and a trailing face (212). The body (201) is configured to be mounted to a rotary component for rotation about an axis of rotation at least in one direction which is an operative forward direction such that the leading face (210) leads the trailing face (212). At least the leading face (210) has at least two major operatively upwardly and outwardly extending surfaces (202.1, 204.1) which are not coplanar. A first major surface (202.1) is angled operatively rearwardly and upwardly relative to the forward direction of rotation at an angle of at least 1 DEG to the vertical. A second major surface (204.1) is angled operatively forwardly and outwardly at an angle of at least 1 DEG relative to a radius of a circle described in use by the rotary plough (200) when rotating in the operative forward direction.

Description

Vapourizing furnace

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vapourizing furnace.Especially, the present invention relates to solids treatment equipment one-way plough portion, the rotatable grate component that is used to make the vapourizing furnace that produces grey carbonaceous material gasification and the vapourizing furnace that is used to make the carbonaceous material gasification.

Background technology

For such as

FBDB ^TMSome vapourizing furnaces of vapourizing furnace and so on load intermittently or continuously or the removal particulate matter, for example granular carbonaceous material (for example coal) and ash are necessary.Therefore, for example, at the vapourizing furnace that pressurizes (for example, fixed-bed type dry bottom vapourizing furnace) under the situation, granular carbonaceous feed, for example coal are loaded onto in the gasification chamber of pressurization of vapourizing furnace, forming bed (under the situation of fixed-bed type vapourizing furnace), and gasify under the temperature and pressure that raises, and after gasification, the material of any remaining not gasification is removed from vapourizing furnace via rotatable grate component and ash lock as ash.

Rotatable grate component has two main mechanical functions.At first, rotatable grate component is used for extracting from the bottom of gasification chamber ash, but also is used for crushing and removes any grey aggregation (slag) that may form in gasification.Rotatable grate component also is used for vaporized chemical (being generally the mixture of steam and oxygen) is assigned to the bed of carbonaceous material.

Usually, traditional rotatable grate component comprises a plurality of parts, these parts mainly are: the rotatable grate parts of the conical shaped on top, the rotatable supporting structure of bottom and the gear ring that is connected the following peripheral of rotatable supporting structure, the rotatable supporting structure of its middle and lower part is connected on the rotatable grate parts on top rigidly at the upper periphery of rotatable supporting structure, makes rotatable grate parts and rotatable supporting structure rotate together around the common axis of rotation line.Be provided with the stationary support of below, rotatable parts carry is on this stationary support.In use, when driven nature when being connected to gear ring on the rotatable supporting structure of bottom and driving via the motor of the rotatable parts rotation that makes rotatable grate component and gear case assembly, rotatable grate component rotation.

When the rotation of rotatable grate component, the one or more circumferential symmetrically isolated plough portion that is connected to the periphery of the rotatable grate parts in top rigidly is used for the bottom ash disposal from vapourizing furnace.Ash comprises dried cinder and slag, and slag is the byproduct of gasification.Slag is the particulate solids buildup thing of the ash of fusing.Slag needs crushed, so that remove from vapourizing furnace effectively.Plough portion wipes ash off continuously by the ash discharge passage, between the wall of rotatable grate parts in the top that this ash discharge passage is limited to rotatable grate component and vapourizing furnace.When the rotation of rotatable grate component, slag is being installed in the backplate on the rotatable grate parts in top and is being installed between the abrasive brick on the wall of vapourizing furnace crushed.Ash and slag drop to from the ash discharge passage under action of gravity to be locked with the ash of ash discharge channel connection, thereby leaves vapourizing furnace.

The operation of fixed-bed gasification furnace and ash are known in the field from the removal of fixed-bed gasification furnace, and are described in detail in WO 2006/061738.

The inventor had experienced two existing plough portion designs.First is traditional " short straight plough portion ", and second is at present in South Africa

FBDB ^TMCarry out in the vapourizing furnace commercial use "

Banana type plough portion (

Banana Plough ^TM) ".

Short straight plough portion with

The main difference of banana type plough portion is that the straight plough of weak point portion has the preceding guide face of planar and the face that after-tows, and

Banana type plough portion has the crooked preceding guide face and the face that after-tows, wherein before guide face and the face of after-towing along identical direction bending, similar with banana to a certain extent.Short straight plough portion and

Banana type plough portion is installed on the rotatable grate parts in top of rotatable grate component, with sense of rotation at angle, make the function of preceding guide face of plough portion go up and wipe off and make ash particle radially inwardly to enter into the grey chamber of the below that is arranged in rotatable grate component ash particle via center ash discharge passage or annular space for the ash bed from gasification chamber.Usually, a plurality of plough portion, for example four plough portions are installed on the rotatable grate component symmetrically.Therefore, during being rotated in the forward of rotatable grate component, the preceding guide face of each plough portion is by scraping and the cutting movement ash disposal and the slag granules of crushing from vapourizing furnace, and it causes the wall arrival center ash discharge annular space of ash particle along radially inner path from the vapourizing furnace ash charge chamber of going forward side by side.

In the operation of the straight plough of weak point portion, the plough portion of rotatable grate component and the serious corrosion on the miscellaneous part have been observed.This has caused improvement that the building material of rotatable grate component is made, and for example the hardened surface by introducing customization improves with mitigate corrosion and by the multiple change of geometrical shape of introducing plough portion and being exposed to other wear-resistant surfaces of ash particle.These change or the like and to have caused being at present commercial and about 40 years history has been arranged

The development of banana type plough portion.

The inventor has recognized utilization subsequently

The mode of banana type plough portion ash disposal causes some parts, the plough portion of rotatable grate component and is exposed to the corrosion of the gasification furnace wall of ash.The discrete elements modeling has unexpectedly shown has installed

Being rotated in the forward of the rotatable grate component of banana type plough portion causes the preceding guide face in the plough portion of back to force ash particle to accumulate on the face that after-tows of plough portion of front.Therefore, be compressed between the preceding guide face of the plough portion of the face that after-tows of ash particle plough portion in front, gasification furnace wall and back.This has caused ash particle gathering and compress between two plough portions, and it has caused the outside power on the gasification furnace wall.The ash particle that is wedged between plough portion and the gasification furnace wall has caused on the gasification furnace wall and the corrosion pattern on the parts of grate component.

In order to attempt to discharge the ash particle of wedging, grate can be temporarily according to reverse mode operation.Yet this operation causes the high torque (HT) load on the drive system, and it can finally cause mechanical means to lose efficacy.In addition, in reverse operating period, corrosion increases to some extent, and grey extraction yield also greatly reduces.Corrosion has caused the loss of maintenance cost, equipment downtime and the output of increase.These are by the plough portion of the prior art main operation poor efficiency that the ash disposal scarce capacity causes in the forward of rotatable grate component and reverse operating mode.

WO 2006/061738 has described the parts and the operation of fixed-bed type coal gasifier.WO 2006/061738 discloses

Use and the reverse operating mode thereof of banana type plough portion in the fixed-bed type vapourizing furnace.Prior art Banana type plough portion is attached on the rotatable grate parts, makes

Banana type plough portion collects on the surface at ash with limited gap and passes through.By the rotation of rotatable grate parts, ash is extracted out from the bottom in the zone of gasifying continuously, and

Banana type plough portion discharges ash continuously via the ash discharge passage.WO 2006/061738 discloses

The location and the use of banana type plough portion, but do not address The functional design of banana type plough portion.And, WO 2006/061738 not open with

Any operational issue that banana type plough portion is associated or the method for dealing with problems.

WO 1999/10094 focuses on the grate parts of fixed-bed type coal gasifier especially and discloses information about the operation of grey extraction assembly.WO 1999/10094 also discloses and has operated under reverse mode

The use of banana type plough portion, but not open any information about its working method.

As if US 4,014, and 664 have described the component part and the operation of the rotation grate component that is used for fixing a type coal gasification stove, and this assembly is similar with the grate component of describing in WO 2006/061738 and WO 1999/10094.US 4,014, and 664 disclose on the periphery that scraper is arranged on the grate parts and scraper can be operated under reverse mode.

GB389251 has described the improvement of the ash exhauster in Kerpely producer gas generator (the Kerpely producer gas generator is generally used for the coke oven of bottom heating).GB389251 discloses scraper and has been positioned at the periphery of grate parts and is set to and radius tilts, and makes the rotation of scraper sweep ash to the center of grate parts and enter in the ash discharge hopper.

US 5,230, and 716 have described the component part and the operation of the reverse rotation grate component that is used for fixing a type coal gasification stove, US 5,230, and 716 disclose on the upper surface that shovel portion (plough portion) is positioned at circular cone grate parts and adjacent top end.In addition, each shovel portion orientates the radius inclination with gasification chamber as, and the central section in the gasification zone from gasification chamber is discharged to the ash discharge passage towards the surrounding zone of grate parts with ash.The prior art that the location of shovel portion and operation are therefore described with preamble

Banana type plough portion difference.

US5,138,957 have described the biomass gasification system from bottom feed, and it does not make gas re-circulation pass through fixed bed.Gas is imported into the secondary heating chamber, to remain on the working temperature of the expectation in the elementary heating chamber.US5,138,957 disclose dust removing system has four isolated symmetrically oar portions, and these oar portions are installed on the periphery of the rotating band that is rotated in a clockwise direction.Oar portion comprises seemingly vertical " roughly radial antetheca ".Oar portion surface (radial antetheca) is swept to ash forward in the ash discharge passage between chamber wall and dust removing system.When forming slag, it is crushed between the wall of the rear wall of oar portion and reaction chamber.At US5, do not mention the ash between plough portion or the corrosion of oar portion or chamber wall in 138,957.

JP2011083773 has described the process that the ash of the fusing that will produce in the biomass gasification process is removed.Revolving scraper crosses the horizontal plane of the bottom surface of reaction chamber." scrape finger " and be connected to the end of revolving scraper.Slag is guided forward by " scraping finger ", and after the single rotation of revolving scraper, slag is discharged via the exhaust outlet between wall that is arranged on reaction chamber and the revolving scraper.The design of " scraping finger " is not disclosed, yet drawing it by the vertical view of " scraping finger " is the rectangle with vertical plane.

GB548082 has described and has been used for the mechanism that the plough portion with the rotation of rotatable carbide feed generator is maintained fixed.In normal running, plough portion rotates with ash-pan and producer gas generator, and does not discharge ash.When this mechanism is engaged and plough portion when being maintained fixed, ash will be removed from producer.Ash plough portion itself is not illustrated, and its design or concrete function are not described yet.

CN2518061 has described from vertical lime cellar for storing things and has extracted block lime.Extraction element is rotatable and reversible, and has six scrapers that are provided with symmetrically around its circumference.It is " trilateral " that CN2518061 discloses scraper, and " ash is inwardly scraped in the ash releasing tube ".Need reverse operating mode with " destroying the smelting furnace state ".

CA2188736 has described the fixed-bed type biomass gasification system, and the primary barrel of this system has the platform of the rising of the bed that is used to support biomass.Refuse removal system comprises four the plough portions that are provided with symmetrically on the periphery that is positioned at the ring element on the universal stage, and this system removes dedust and refuse from the chamber, so that it accumulates in the passage of crossing over the chamber wall.Ash and waste material are pulled to the refuse aperture of the bottom surface that is arranged in the chamber subsequently.Two in the described plough portion are formed with the scraper component that extends internally towards the top of platform, so that ash is scraped the refuse aperture from annular region.Scraper component also carries out fragmentation to the slag that is formed on the edge of table.From the vertical view of waste treatment system, see, plough portion be fin-shaped and scraper component be rectangular.Yet CA2188736 does not provide the description to any reality of the design of plough portion or shape.CA2188736 does not address the reverse operability of waste treatment system yet.

GB141056 relates to the improvement to the rotation grate that uses in producer gas generator.Disclosed grey grate is conical and is attached to the end face of grate, and grey grate is the radial projection, and wherein the preceding guide face of projection raises backward from the guide margin edge.The front surface of projection is a convex, when grate rotates, combustible material and ash can be risen on the grate, to prevent clinkering.These projections are not removed ash from the ash bed.The taper shape of grate also causes ash towards the flank movement that is provided with annular space, and wherein fixed scraper is attached to the inboard of the wall of container of producer gas generator, is used for ash disposal.Grey grate projection in GB141056 is used for the broken and mixing with slag above grate.GB141056 does not address the functional design of scraper itself.When the peripheral ash disposal in GB141056, there is not to be provided with the surface that allows ash radially inwardly move.

EP0159420 has described the solid-fuelled gasification in the fixed bed system.In fixed-bed gasification furnace, there are two groups of different scrapers that are used to extract ash.Radially the wall of Yan Shening continues downwards and extends inward into the chamber that is arranged in grate parts top, to form " upper doctor member ".These scrapers are fixed on the wall of chamber.In addition, there is the one group of scraper that is known as " the back and forth scraper of vertical motion " that is attached at grate parts below.Can see that from the longitudinal section of gasification system each " back and forth scraper of vertical motion " crosses over the bottom surface, left side and the bottom surface, right side of grate, and extend to the top and the middle part of grate.The swing of grate parts and " the back and forth scraper of vertical motion " rotatablely moves and is controlled as the inscribed angle that is greater than or less than 30 ° slightly." the back and forth scraper of vertical motion " swept to ash the ash releasing tube from the periphery of grate parts.The design aspect of scraper is not disclosed in EP0159420.

Need a kind of like this plough portion: it has improved the problem that is associated with the plough portion of prior art at least, and preferably can ash disposal effectively under the forward of rotatable grate component and reverse operating mode.

Summary of the invention

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of solids treatment equipment one-way plough portion, this one-way plough portion comprises:

Has preceding guide face and the elongated metal body of the face that after-tows, described elongated metal body structure is for being installed on the turning unit, be used for rotating around rotation along a direction that is the positive operation direction at least, make described before guide face in the front of the described face that after-tows, at least described leading mask has not coplanar at least two main surfaces of functionally extending upwardly and outwardly, first major surfaces with in vertical direction with at least 1 ° angle with respect to being rotated in the forward direction functionally backward and be inclined upwardly, and second major surfaces is with respect in use becoming at least 1 ° angle functionally also outward-dipping forward by described one-way plough portion at the radius of a circle of being drawn when the positive operation direction is rotated.

" major surfaces " meaning of face is not have other surfaces bigger than this major surfaces on the whole.Each major surfaces is planar normally.

In this manual, unless in the context that uses, refer else clearly, otherwise word " radius " or " radially " are used to describe direction or position or direction or the position consistent with this radius with respect to the radius of a circle of in use being drawn when the internal rotation of described rotation extends through plane by one-way plough portion.Therefore, radially outer or radially outer object or part specific diameter to object inside or radially inner or part more away from the described rotation of the metallic object of one-way plough portion.Yet, should be noted that " outwards " is meant from described rotation outwards to leave---not necessarily along described radius of a circle, unless specify like this; Word " inwardly " tool have opposite meaning.

Usually, in use, the described plane that described rotation extends through is a horizontal plane.

Metallic object can be a hardened steel.Alternately, metallic object can be a cast steel, for example, and the heat-resisting fe-cr-ni alloy of the special improvement of ASTMA297Grade HF.Major surfaces can be covered by special superpressed material, for example, and the hardfacing materials such as PRO100 (trade name) hardfacing materials.

The face of after-towing can have not coplanar at least two major surfacess, first major surfaces tilts forward and up with respect to being rotated in the forward direction with the angle in vertical direction with at least 1 °, and second major surfaces is with respect in use becoming at least 1 ° angle to tilt backward and outwards by one-way plough portion at the radius of a circle of being drawn when direction is rotated.

First major surfaces of preceding guide face and second major surfaces can have common periphery or the edge between them.In other words, first major surfaces and second major surfaces can adjacent one another are or adjacency.

Before the common periphery of first major surfaces of guide face and second major surfaces or edge can be collinear and can be along the outside extension that is directed downwards.

First major surfaces of preceding guide face and the common periphery or the edge of second major surfaces can be with respect in use onwards being tilted at the radius of a circle of being drawn when direction is rotated by one-way plough portion.

First major surfaces and the common periphery of second major surfaces or at least a portion of the top outer rim that the edge can limit second major surfaces of preceding guide face.

First major surfaces and the common periphery of second major surfaces or at least a portion of the end outer rim that the edge can limit first major surfaces of preceding guide face.

After-tow first major surfaces of face and second major surfaces can have common periphery or edge between them.

The common periphery of first major surfaces of face and second major surfaces or the outer rim of after-towing can be collinear and can be along the outside extension that is directed downwards, and can be with respect in use being tilted backward at the radius of a circle of being drawn when direction is rotated by one-way plough portion.

The angle of first surface and vertical direction can about 1 ° to about 35 ° scope, for example be about 15 °.

Second surface with respect in use by one-way plough portion the described radius angulation of the described circle of when direction is rotated, being drawn can from about 1 ° to about 18 ° scope, for example be about 6 °.

Second surface can functionally vertically extend.

The face of after-towing of the body of one-way plough portion can be the mirror image of preceding guide face of the body of one-way plough portion.Therefore, after-towing face and preceding guide face can be about the radial plane that limited by in use one-way plough portion mirror image each other.

Body can have the medullary ray of form of straight lines, perhaps can be configured to be mounted to make body extend radially outwardly from the position that it is installed to turning unit.Can and after-tow at preceding guide face and limit spine between the face.Spine can be a planar, and spine can be with in use consistent at the described radius of a circle of being drawn when the positive operation direction is rotated by one-way plough portion.Spine can have crooked top periphery at least a portion of the length of spine.In an embodiment of the invention, the radially outer of the top periphery of spine is flat, and the inner radial of the top periphery of spine is a convex curvature.

The radially outer part of body can have the height of comparing increase with the radially inner part of body.Preferably, the bottom surface of body descends radially outwardly, to terminate in the circular toe that is bent upwards.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of rotatable grate component that is used to make the vapourizing furnace that produces grey gasification of carbonaceous materials, this grate component comprises:

Be configured to the turning unit around upwardly extending rotation rotation, this turning unit is configured to rotate along a direction at least, and a described direction is the positive operation direction; And

A plurality of as previously described one-way plough portion, described one-way plough portion is installed on the turning unit, be used for rotating around rotation with turning unit, and one-way plough portion deviates from described rotation and stretches out.

Turning unit can be rotatable top grate parts, rotatable grate component comprises the rotatable lower support structure that is fastened on the grate parts of rotatable top in addition, be used for rotating with rotatable top grate parts, rotatable lower support structure construction is that this rotation is consistent with the described rotation of rotatable top grate parts around the rotation of rotation driven nature ground.

Usually, the described rotation of rotatable top grate parts is vertical.

Turning unit can be configured to can both rotate along described positive operation direction and reverse operating direction.Therefore, grate component also can be operated on described direction and described inverse direction.

One-way plough portion can deviate from described rotation and radially extend.Therefore, the end of one-way plough portion---one-way plough portion is installed on the turning unit in this end---can be radially consistent with the free end of described one-way plough portion.

In this manual, word " parts " is intended to comprise assembled components, and this assembled components comprises more than a part, for example comprises the rotatable grate parts that are assembled with a plurality of parts that form the grate parts.

Rotatable grate parts can have up the inwardly outside surface of convergent.When in vertical section, observing, this up inwardly the outside surface of convergent can be that interlock or stair-stepping, to limit vertically and the step that radially separates.Step can be covered by backplate, influences with the abrasion material of protecting rotatable grate parts to avoid such as ash.

One-way plough portion can be that isogonism ground is isolated.Therefore, for example, when only having two one-way plough portions, it can separate about 180 °, when having three one-way plough portions, it can separate about 120 °, when having four one-way plough portions, it can separate about 90 °, and when having six one-way plough portions, it can separate about 60 °.Yet because structure restriction (miscellaneous part obstruction etc.), especially, when one-way plough of the present invention portion was retrofitted on the existing rotatable grate component, the layout of one-way plough portion was asymmetric.Can use the big difference at the interval between the one-way plough portion, for example reach 60 ° difference.

Estimate that nearly six one-way plough portions can be installed on the turning unit.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of vapourizing furnace that is used to make the carbonaceous material gasification is provided, this vapourizing furnace comprises rotatable as previously described grate component, grate component is installed in the gasification chamber that is limited by gasification vessel, and the rotatable lower support structure of wherein said grate component is connected to drive unit.

Vapourizing furnace can be the fixed-bed type vapourizing furnace, and especially, vapourizing furnace can be a fixed-bed type dry bottom vapourizing furnace.

Vapourizing furnace can be coal, waste material or biomass gasifying furnace, or is configured to make the vapourizing furnace of the two or more composition gasification in coal, waste material and the biomass.Yet usually, vapourizing furnace is the coal gasifier of working to the condition of the temperature between the pressure between the 100bar (g) and 400 ℃ to 1600 ℃ at 5bar (g).

Rotatable grate parts have vertical size and radial direction usually, and the vertical axis rotation that can export around the ash discharge of gasification chamber, and the following peripheral of rotatable grate parts is positioned at the top of rotatable grate parts or the below of upper end.

Description of drawings

The present invention is described further by example referring now to schematic figures, wherein:

Fig. 1 shows the vertical section figure that is installed in the rotatable grate component in the fixed-bed type dry bottom coal gasifier;

Fig. 2 shows the stereographic map according to one-way plough of the present invention portion;

Fig. 3 shows the vertical view of the one-way plough portion of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 shows the side-view of the one-way plough portion of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 shows the end view of the one-way plough portion of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 shows from the vertical section figure of the one-way plough portion of Fig. 2 of the VI-VI intercepting of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 shows from the vertical section figure of the one-way plough portion of Fig. 2 of the VII-VII intercepting of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 shows from the vertical section figure of the one-way plough portion of Fig. 2 of the VIII-VIII intercepting of Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 show the ash particle that moves by short straight plough portion along direction (A) and along the speed of inverse direction (B);

Figure 10 show by

Banana type plough portion (

Banana Plough ^TM) ash particle that moves along direction (A) and along the speed of inverse direction (B); And

Figure 11 show the ash particle that moves by the ash plough portion with rotation of the preceding guide face of mirror image each other and the face that after-tows according to the present invention along direction and along the speed of inverse direction.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 with reference to the accompanying drawings, Reference numeral 10 integral body refer to the grate component 10 in the gasification vessel 100 that is installed in fixed-bed type dry bottom coal gasifier.Gasification vessel 100 limits gasification chamber 102 (pressurized vessel), and grate component 10 is positioned in this gasification chamber 102.Gasification chamber 102 has wall 18.

Grate component 10 comprises rotatable top grate parts 11, and these grate parts 11 are connected on the rotatable lower support structure 12 by a plurality of joint bolts 15.Be connected on the gear ring 13 to these rotatable lower support structure 12 driven natures, gear ring 13 is connected to the electro-motor (not shown) by wheel casing again.In use, electro-motor and wheel casing are used for making the turning unit 11,12 and 13 of grate component 10 to rotate.

Rotatable part 11,12 and 13 is bearing in the ash discharge outlet of gasification vessel 100 or the top of passage 20 by fixed supporting structure 14.The grey plough of one or more rotating metallics portion 17 is connected to the radially most peripheral of rotatable top grate parts 11.Plough portion 17 is used in gasification chamber 102 ash being wiped off from the ash bed by ash discharge annular space 19, and this ash discharge annular space 19 is limited between the wall 18 of the periphery of rotatable top grate parts 11 and gasification chamber 102.Plough portion 17 can be a short and straight type or as describing hereinbefore

Banana type plough portion or according to the grey plough of improved rotation of the present invention portion.Expediently, rotatable top grate parts 11 are configured to allow plough portion 17 easily to exchange.

Rotatable top grate parts 11 are provided with the backplate of arranging with step-wise manner 22.

In use, grate component 10 is around vertical-rotation-axis 21 rotations, and this rotation 21 is consistent with the medullary ray of ash discharge passage 20, and the medullary ray of ash discharge passage 20 also is the medullary ray of grate component 10.Coal is supplied to the top of vapourizing furnace (not shown) in batches, and, vaporized chemical supplies to the bottom of gasification chamber 102 via the vaporized chemical outlet 23 of the below of the lower rim that is positioned at outside backplate 22, thereby makes the coal generating gasification of the bed that slowly moves that is arranged in gasification chamber 102.Ash is extracted out from the bottom of gasification chamber 102 continuously via the ash discharge annular space 19 between wall 18 that is arranged on gasification chamber 102 and the rotatable top grate parts 11 and via ash discharge passage 20.Plough portion 17 rotates with rotatable top grate parts 11, thereby by ash being wiped off and being carried out ash discharge via ash discharge annular space 19.When rotatable top grate parts 11 rotation, the execution slag rolls between the wall 18 of the backplate 22 of rotatable top grate parts 11 and gasification chamber 102.

Fig. 2 to Fig. 8 with reference to the accompanying drawings, Reference numeral 200 integrally refer to the grey plough of rotation according to the present invention portion.That plough portion 200 has is microscler, hardened, be the steel body 201 of wedge shape in vertical view, and steel body 201 limits before the operation guide face 210 and the operation face 212 that after-tows.The face 212 that after-tows is mirror images of preceding guide face 210.

Although do not have shown in the drawingsly, plough portion 200 generally includes the installation configuration towards the right hand end of as shown in Figure 4 steel body 201, and bolt receiver hole for example is installed to plough portion 200 on the rotatable grate parts 11 allowing.

In the preceding guide face 210 and the face 212 that after-tows each limits two angled or tilt principal planes 202.1,202.2 and 204.1,204.2.Face 202.1,202.2 is configured to tilt with vertical direction, the footpath that the bottom preceding limb 206 of guide face 210 is positioned at top preceding limb 208 before making on positive operation sense of rotation 203 forwards, in this embodiment, positive operation sense of rotation 203 is counterclockwise.Therefore, face 202.1 tilts backward with respect to being rotated in the forward direction 203, and up leaves the horizontal plane at the plough portion 200 rotation places in the use.For the face of after-towing 212, when plough portion 200 was rotated counterclockwise as being illustrated by arrow 203, the situation of face 202.2 in contrast.

Face 202.1,202.2 cuts 220 (see figure 6)s by 30 ° angle usually and forms, and, respectively becomes 15 ° cutting (when observing plough portion 200 under operational stage) with vertical direction that is.Yet angle 220 can be to be in from about 2 ° of any angles in about 70 ° scope.Therefore angle 220 can be reduced near about 2 ° or increase near about 70 °; Yet narrow or wide angle 220 can have adverse influence to grey extraction efficiency.

In use, second 204.1 is perpendiculars, and it forward and outwards tilts with respect to radius 222 (see figure 3)s, and wherein radius 222 is radiuses of the round (not shown) drawn during in use along direction 203 rotations of the plough portion 200 of rotation.As the mirror image of face 204.1, when plough portion 200 during along direction 203 rotation, the situation of face 204.2 in contrast.

Face 204.1,204.2 is cut by 12 ° radial cuts usually, by angle 224 (see figure 3) is shown, and makes the steel body 201 of plough portion 200 broaden along the direction of the radially inward edge 214 that leaves steel body 201.The radial cuts of face 204.1,204.2 or angle 224 can be to be in from about 2 ° of any angles to about 36 ° scope.Therefore, angle 224 can be reduced near about 2 ° or increase near about 36 °; But narrow or wide angle 224 also can have adverse influence to grey extraction efficiency.

Steel body 201 has the central plane consistent with radius 222, guide face 210 and the spine 226 between the face 212 of after-towing before this central plane limits.Spine 226 is planar, and have bending in the inner radial of steel body 201 on periphery 228 and the flat periphery 230 in the radially outer of steel body 201.

As what in Fig. 4 of accompanying drawing, can see, the radially outer of steel body 201 has the height of comparing increase with the inner radial of steel body 201, wherein the bottom surface 232 of steel body 201 descends radially outwardly, and then is bent upwards to limit circular or crooked toe 234.

In use, near the securing gear (not shown) the described radially inward edge 214 by being positioned at steel body 201, one or more plough portion 200 is secured to the rotatable top grate parts 11 of grate component 10.When grate component 10 and therefore plough portion 200 along direction 203 rotations during by the ash particle in the ash bed of gasification chamber 102, the face 202.1 and 204.1 that tilts causes the power on ash particle, and the contact vector of these power is upwards axial and inside towards rotation.

The previous problem of not finding has unexpectedly been found in the discrete elements modeling in the operation of the grate component of plough portion that prior art is installed.During the rotation of grate, occur in two particulate compressions between the plough portion in succession, cause the parts of grate component and the corrosion of gasification furnace wall.On the preceding guide face 210 of plough portion 200, comprise the face 202.1 of two inclinations and 204.1 unexpectedly overcome this problem and reduced the weak point of prior art directly plough portion or

The compression influence of finding in the operation of banana type plough portion.The face 202.1 that tilts upwards rises ash particle vertically, thereby fills the space of the sky in the ash bed that is caused by different ash particle sizes.Face 204.1 causes with respect to inside move of (promptly 90 °) of normal direction contact vector towards the ash particle of rotation, thereby guarantees via ash discharge annular space 19 particle to be removed.By ash particle being risen and upcountry moving towards rotation, the face 202.1 and 204.1 that tilts makes dust granule can have particle to the particulate contact surface, thereby makes the wearing and tearing of plough portion 200 and other surfaces, for example backplate 22 or gasification furnace wall 18 drop to minimum.The quantity of the plough 200 that uses will be determined by the grey extraction yield of needs.Usually can use nearly six plough portions 200.

Modeling also shows on positive operation direction 203 and inverse direction, and the extraction efficiency of plough portion 200 has all surpassed the plough of prior art.

Guide face 210 (face 202.1 and 204.1 that comprises inclination) and the face 212 that after-tows (face 202.2 and 204.2 that comprises inclination equally) mirror image each other before plough portion 200 is designed to make.This feasible plough portion can 200 along direction 203 or ash disposal and the variation that do not reduce grey extraction efficiency or cause corrosive property effectively when inverse direction is rotated.This has greatly prolonged the working life of plough portion 200 and has prevented high wear when grate component 10 and plough portion 200 operate and the loss of extraction under reverse mode.

Example

The inventor has carried out Modeling Research, with the weak point of determining prior art directly plough portion and

The solid flow characteristic of banana type plough portion and plough portion 200.The result is reflected among Fig. 9,10 and 11.In these figure, the speed of shadow representation ash particle at a time, wherein, light grey shadow representation is slowly moved or fixed ash particle, and darker shadow representation has the particle of faster speed.

In particular with reference to Fig. 9 A (short straight plough portion) and Figure 10 A (

Banana type plough portion), can see that the ash particle at the preceding guide face place of plough portion moves the most soon, and therefore also is the reason that causes the maximum wearing and tearing of plough portion and gasification furnace wall in operation forward (being illustrated by Reference numeral 301 and 401).When short straight plough portion during with reverse mode operation (being illustrated by the Reference numeral among Fig. 9 B 302), nearly all ash particle keeps stagnation, and this has clearly illustrated that short straight plough portion can not operate under reverse mode.

Shown in Figure 10 B, with along the reverse mode operation of arrow 402

Banana type plough portion causes ash outwards to move towards the gasification wall.This has caused wearing and tearing or corrosive degree on the gasification furnace wall to increase.

Figure 11 with reference to the accompanying drawings shows the speed of the ash particle when moving by plough according to the present invention portion 200.Figure 11 represents along the operation of the plough portion of direction forward or backwards.With Banana type plough portion (Figure 10) compares with short straight plough portion (Fig. 9), and the variance factor of the operation of plough portion 200 is plough portion 200 has ash on preceding guide face steady motion layers.This is because plough portion 200 is along being installed on the grate with the vertical direction of sense of rotation---promptly radially extends, so plough portion 200 produced the retarded layer of ash particle before it.Along with the constant retarded layer gathered before plough portion 200, improve and promoted solid flow at ash before the plough portion and the friction between the ash, and therefore prevented the corrosion in the plough portion 200.

In modeling operating period, with the weak point of the performance of plough portion 200 and prior art directly plough portion and

Banana type plough portion contrasts.

Along the extraction yield of reciprocal plough portion 200 than short straight plough portion or

The height of banana type plough portion, and reduced torque largely.And clearly illustrate that by data when sense of rotation was reverse, the plough portion of prior art showed the rapid decline on the performance, and the property retention of plough portion 200 is constant.

Realized similar torque and extraction yield under the operator scheme forward or backwards of plough portion 200, this is to passing through

The torque that banana type plough portion and the straight plough of weak point portion realize and the significant raising of extraction yield.With Banana type plough portion compares with the straight plough of weak point portion, and the key distinction factor in the operation of plough portion 200 is the steady motion layer that plough portion 200 has the ash on the face of plough portion.This is because when plough portion 200 is installed to be when contacting the direction quadrature, plough portion 200 is at its anterior particulate retarded layer that produces.Therefore promote and improved efflux of solids.

The grate component as shown in the figure 10 that comprises one or more plough portion 200 as shown in the figure will obtain about the corrosive advantage that reduces on plough portion, wearing plate, facing plate, grate parts and gasification furnace wall, and this will improve the life-span of mechanical means.In addition, because plough portion 200 can be along forward and oppositely both direction operation and do not reduce grey extraction efficiency and do not cause any remarkable increase of equipment attrition, therefore ash and slag granules are extracted from vapourizing furnace more efficiently.The torque of the reduction that is associated with operation under forward and reverse operating mode is favourable, and reason is to have reduced equipment failure.

Claims

1. solids treatment equipment one-way plough portion, described one-way plough portion comprises:

2. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 1 portion, wherein, described first surface and vertical direction angulation be in 1 ° to 35 ° scope, and described second surface with respect in use by described one-way plough portion at the described radius angulation of the described circle of when direction is rotated, being drawn in 1 ° to 18 ° scope.

3. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 1 portion, wherein, described second surface functionally vertically extends.

4. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 1 portion, wherein, described before described first major surfaces of guide face and described second major surfaces have common periphery or edge between them.

5. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 4 portion, wherein, the common periphery of described first major surfaces of guide face and described second major surfaces or edge are collinear and along outside extension with being directed downwards before described, and wherein, the common periphery of described first major surfaces and described second major surfaces or edge are with respect in use onwards being tilted at the described radius of the described circle of being drawn when direction is rotated by described one-way plough portion.

6. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 1 portion, wherein, the described face of after-towing of the described metallic object of described one-way plough portion is the mirror image of guide face before described metallic object described of described one-way plough portion.

7. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 1 portion, wherein, described metallic object is configured to be mounted to and makes described metallic object extend radially outwardly from the position that it is installed to described turning unit.

8. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 1 portion, wherein, the radially outer of described metallic object has the height of comparing increase with the inner radial of described metallic object.

9. solids treatment equipment one-way plough according to claim 8 portion, wherein, the bottom surface of described metallic object descends radially outwardly, to terminate in the circular toe that is bent upwards.

10. be used to make the rotatable grate component of the vapourizing furnace that produces grey gasification of carbonaceous materials, described grate component comprises:

Be configured to the turning unit around upwardly extending rotation rotation, described turning unit is configured to rotate along a direction at least, and a described direction is the positive operation direction; And

A plurality of one-way plough according to claim 1 portion, described one-way plough portion is installed on the described turning unit, be used for rotating around described rotation with described turning unit, and described one-way plough portion deviates from described rotation and stretches out.

11. rotatable grate component according to claim 10, wherein, described turning unit is configured to can both rotate along described positive operation direction and reverse operating direction, and wherein, and described one-way plough portion deviates from described rotation and radially extends.

12. rotatable grate component according to claim 10, wherein, described turning unit is rotatable top grate parts, described rotatable grate component further comprises rotatable lower support structure, described rotatable lower support structure is fastened on the grate parts of described rotatable top, be used for rotating with described rotatable top grate parts, described rotatable lower support structure construction is around the rotation driven nature ground rotation consistent with the described rotation of described rotatable top grate parts, and wherein, the described rotation of described rotatable top grate parts is vertical.

13. be used to make the vapourizing furnace of carbonaceous material gasification, described vapourizing furnace comprises rotatable grate component according to claim 12, described rotatable grate component is installed in the gasification chamber that is limited by gasification vessel, and the described rotatable lower support structure of wherein said grate component is connected on the drive unit.

14. vapourizing furnace according to claim 13, wherein, described vapourizing furnace is fixed-bed type vapourizing furnace or fixed-bed type dry bottom vapourizing furnace.

15. vapourizing furnace according to claim 13, wherein, described vapourizing furnace is the coal gasifier of operating to the condition of the temperature between the pressure between the 100bar (g) and 400 ℃ to 1600 ℃ at 5bar (g).