CN103207452A - Two-waveband common-path and common-focal-plane imaging system - Google Patents
Two-waveband common-path and common-focal-plane imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103207452A CN103207452A CN2013100947280A CN201310094728A CN103207452A CN 103207452 A CN103207452 A CN 103207452A CN 2013100947280 A CN2013100947280 A CN 2013100947280A CN 201310094728 A CN201310094728 A CN 201310094728A CN 103207452 A CN103207452 A CN 103207452A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-waveband common-path and common-focal-plane imaging system, belongs to the technical field of optics and aims at solving the problems of poor quality, large size, long length, difficulties in eliminating stray light and the like in the prior art. The two-waveband common-path and common-focal-plane imaging system comprises a main mirror, a secondary mirror, a relay lens group and a focal plane detector. The main mirror, the secondary mirror, the relay lens group and the focal plane detector are on the identical optical axis, the reflecting surface of the main mirror and the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror are arranged oppositely, the main mirror is provided with a central hole, the relay lens group and the focal plane imaging detector are arranged inside the central hole of the main mirror, the relay lens group is arranged between a first image surface and the focal plane detector, and the main mirror and the secondary mirror are of a Cassegrain structural form. The two-waveband common-path and common-focal-plane imaging system utilizes the reflecting mirrors to fold light paths, so that the size and the weight of the lens can be reduced, the length can be fabricated to smaller than 0.6 time of the focal length; and by means of the secondary imaging mode, the elimination of the stray light becomes easy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical technical field, relate to a kind of infrared medium wave and the long wave two waveband confocal surface imaging of light path system altogether.
Background technology
Along with the development of multiband infrared eye technology of new generation, the use of multiband imaging becomes more and more widely, for successful Application a new generation detector, must design the optical system that can possess the multiband imaging capability simultaneously.In the infrared imaging field, the spectral band that is most widely used is medium wave infrared (3 μ m-5 μ m) and LONG WAVE INFRARED (8 μ m-12 μ m).These two wave bands are compared and are had different benefit and limitations.Best mode is to adopt two-band infrared detector to merge above two wave bands, and they are had complementary advantages.
Total-reflection type optical system structure form is generally the first-selection of multiband optics system design, but, two-band infrared detector is generally the refrigeration-type detector, therefore in detector, there is cold door screen, the existence of cold door screen makes the total-reflection type optical system must carry out secondary imaging to realize cold door screen coupling, and this just can't use the two anti-systems design that is most widely used.Simultaneously, when needing the situation of compact appearance size and big visual field, total-reflection type Design for optical system difficulty increases suddenly.
Adopt refractive optical system version, the material that can select is seriously limited, is mainly germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulphide, barium fluoride, gallium arsenide and part chalcogenide glass.Chromatic aberration correction is the main difficult problem that the design of two waveband optical system faces.The focal length of optical system is more big, and first lens sizes of system generally also can be more big, and this has limited the range of application of two waveband refractive optical system more.
The patent No. is that the Chinese patent of 01132130.X discloses the refractive optical system technical scheme that a key name is called " infrared double wave band refraction/diffraction mixed optical imaging system ", the binary diffraction element that the two centre wavelengths of this system's utilization are glittered is realized 3.5 μ m-3.9 μ m and the imaging simultaneously of 10.5 μ m-12.5 μ m two wavebands, because the application of diffraction element, the spectral coverage of medium wave and long wave is narrower, and the transmitance of system is lower.
The patent No. is that 201120201781.2 Chinese patent discloses the refraction type imaging optical system technical scheme that a key name is called " a kind of dual-band infrared imaging optical system ", this optical system adopts four transmissive elements, and Polaroid mode realizes that medium wave infrared (3 μ m-5 μ m) and LONG WAVE INFRARED (8 μ m-12 μ m) wave band are at same focal plane imaging.This system optics length overall is greater than focal length, simultaneously because the employing of Polaroid mode makes this system's parasitic light suppress difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the problem that the low and system's parasitic light of system's transmitance that prior art exists suppresses difficulty, provide a kind of system transmitance higher and suppress the system's parasitic light two waveband confocal surface imaging of light path system altogether preferably.
To achieve these goals, the common confocal surface imaging of the light path system of two waveband of the present invention comprises primary mirror, secondary mirror, relay lens group and focus planardetector;
Described primary mirror, secondary mirror, relay lens group and focus planardetector are on same optical axis, the reflecting surface of described primary mirror is relative with the reflecting surface of described secondary mirror arranges, described primary mirror has center pit, described relay lens group and focus planardetector are positioned at the center pit of described primary mirror, described relay lens group is between first image planes and focus planardetector, and primary mirror and secondary mirror are Cassegrain's version; Light beam incides on the secondary mirror after the primary mirror reflection, is imaged on first image planes by the secondary mirror reflect focalization; The relay lens group focuses on the target image rotation on first image planes on second image planes; Described second image planes overlap with the focal plane arrays (FPA) of focus planardetector.
Described optical system spectrum transmitting scope is 3 μ m-10 μ m.
Described focus planardetector is the refrigeration mode detector, comprise window, cold door screen and focal plane arrays (FPA), described cold door screen is between window and focal plane arrays (FPA), described window is based on the infrared permeation material, described focal plane array is classified medium wave as infrared/LONG WAVE INFRARED two waveband focal plane arrays (FPA) or broadband focal plane arrays (FPA).
Described primary mirror is recessed non-spherical reflector, and described secondary mirror is the convex aspheric surface catoptron; The material of described primary mirror and described secondary mirror is aluminium, silit, beryllium, aluminizing or devitrified glass.
The reflecting surface of described primary mirror is standard quadric surface or high order aspheric surface; The reflecting surface of described secondary mirror is standard quadric surface or high order aspheric surface; Described relay lens group comprises first refractor, second refractor, third reflect lens and the fourth reflect lens that same optical axis is placed in proper order.
Described first refractor is based on the Ge crystalline material, and its front surface is sphere, and the rear surface is aspheric surface.
Described second refractor is based on the ZNS crystalline material, and its front and rear surfaces is sphere.
Described third reflect lens are based on the BaF2 crystalline material, and its front and rear surfaces is sphere.
Described fourth reflect lens are based on the ZnSe crystalline material, and its front surface is aspheric surface, and the rear surface is sphere.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the two waveband of the present invention confocal surface imaging of light path system altogether adopts the catadioptric configuration form, and primary mirror and secondary mirror can be shared most of focal power, and the focal length of relay lens group is little and bore is little, and chromatic aberration correction is easy; Simultaneously, utilize the catoptron folded optical path, dwindled the volume of camera lens, alleviated quality, make system optics length can accomplish below 0.6 times of focal length; Simultaneously, because the employing of secondary imaging mode suppresses easily system's parasitic light.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the two waveband of the present invention confocal surface imaging system architecture of light path synoptic diagram altogether;
Fig. 2 is relay lens group structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that design example of the present invention is at the MTF curve of medium-wave band 3 μ m～5 μ m;
Fig. 4 is that design example of the present invention is at the MTF curve of long wave band 8 μ m～10 μ m;
Wherein: 1, primary mirror, 2, secondary mirror, 3, the relay lens group, 31, first refractor, 311, the first refractor front surface, 312, the first refractor rear surface, 32, second refractor, 321, the second refractor front surface, 322, the second refractor rear surface, 33, the third reflect lens, 331, third reflect lens front surface, 332, third reflect lens rear surface, 34, the fourth reflect lens, 341, fourth reflect lens front surface, 342, fourth reflect lens rear surface, 4, first image planes, 5, the focus planardetector window, 6, the cold door screen of focus planardetector, 7, focal plane arrays (FPA), 8, focus planardetector.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to describe in further detail.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1,2, the two waveband of the present invention confocal surface imaging of light path system altogether is made up of a primary mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2, a relay lens group 3 and a focus planardetector 8 from the object side to the image side in order.Focus planardetector 8 be medium wave infrared/LONG WAVE INFRARED two waveband focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 or broadband focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, be used for electromagnetic wave spectrum 3 μ m～5 μ m and 8 μ m～10 μ m heat radiation imagings, system can the infrared and LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging simultaneously to medium wave.
Optical system of the present invention is arranged in order by xyz right hand space coordinates, and the z direction of principal axis is decided to be optical axis direction, and the y axle is in plane shown in Figure 1, and the x axle is perpendicular to the yz plane, and the yz coordinate plane is the meridian ellipse of optical system.
All optical elements of system are arranged on the same optical axis, relative the arranging of reflecting surface of the reflecting surface of primary mirror 1 and secondary mirror 2, described primary mirror 1 has center pit, described relay lens group 3 and focus planardetector 8 are positioned at the center pit of described primary mirror 1, described relay lens group 3 is between first image planes 4 and focus planardetector 8, and primary mirror 1 and secondary mirror 2 are Cassegrain's version.
Described focus planardetector 8 is the refrigeration mode detector, comprise focus planardetector window 5, focus planardetector cold late 6 and focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, described focus planardetector window 5 is based on the infrared permeation material, described focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 is two waveband focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 or broadband focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, described focus planardetector cold late 6 is between focus planardetector window 5 and focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, determine the solid angle of focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 receiving target radiation, cold late 6 emergent pupils as optical system of focus planardetector, object space overlaps with primary mirror 1 with the entrance pupil of its conjugation as far as possible, thereby effectively reduces primary mirror 1 aperture.
Described relay lens group 3 comprises first refractor 31, second refractor 32, third reflect lens 33 and the fourth reflect lens 34 that same optical axis is placed in proper order.
Light beam from object space incides on the secondary mirror 2 after primary mirror 1 reflection, by secondary mirror 2 reflect focalizations, makes target imaging on first image planes 4; Again by relay lens group 3 with the target image rotation on first image planes 4, cold late 6 by focus planardetector window 5 and focus planardetector, focus on again on second image planes; Described second image planes overlap with the focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 of imaging receiver.
Described primary mirror 1 is recessed non-spherical reflector, and described secondary mirror 2 is the convex aspheric surface catoptron; The material of described primary mirror 1 and described secondary mirror 2 is aluminium, silit, beryllium, aluminizing or devitrified glass.
The reflecting surface of the reflecting surface of described primary mirror 1 and described secondary mirror 2 is standard quadric surface or high order aspheric surfaces such as parabola, ellipsoid and hyperboloid; The face shape of the recessed reflecting surface of described primary mirror 1 and the reflecting surface of described secondary mirror 2 can be the same or different.
Referring to accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, two waveband of the present invention is the confocal surface imaging of light path system altogether, and the long wave band picture element is near diffraction limit, and the medium-wave band picture element reaches more than 0.35 at the full visual field MTF in detector cutoff frequency place, and systematic technical indicator is as follows:
Table 1
About asphericity coefficient K, B, C, follow following surperficial rise formula:
Wherein, z is surperficial rise; C is the curvature of surface vertices, and r is the radius coordinate to surface vertices; K is the circular cone coefficient; A, B, C and D are respectively four items, six items, eight items and ten item coefficients.
Should be understood that every any simple deformation of making on the technical solution of the present invention basis all the invention is intended within the protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. two waveband is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, comprises primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), relay lens group (3) and focus planardetector (8); It is characterized in that,
Described primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), relay lens group (3) and focus planardetector (8) are on same optical axis, relative the arranging of reflecting surface of the reflecting surface of described primary mirror (1) and described secondary mirror (2), described primary mirror (1) has center pit, described relay lens group (3) and focus planardetector (8) are positioned at the center pit of described primary mirror (1), described relay lens group (3) is positioned between first image planes (4) and the focus planardetector (8), and primary mirror (1) and secondary mirror (2) are Cassegrain's version; Light beam incides on the secondary mirror (2) after primary mirror (1) reflection, is imaged on first image planes (4) by secondary mirror (2) reflect focalization; Relay lens group (3) focuses on the target image rotation on first image planes (4) on second image planes; Described second image planes overlap with the focal plane arrays (FPA) (7) of focus planardetector (8).
2. two waveband according to claim 1 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that described optical system spectrum transmitting scope is 3 μ m-10 μ m, and system can the infrared and LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging simultaneously to medium wave.
3. two waveband according to claim 1 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that, described focus planardetector (8) is the refrigeration mode detector, comprise focus planardetector window (5), the cold door screen of focus planardetector (6) and focal plane arrays (FPA) (7), the cold door screen of described focus planardetector (6) is positioned between focus planardetector window (5) and the focal plane arrays (FPA) (7), described focus planardetector window (5) is based on the infrared permeation material, described focal plane arrays (FPA) (7) be medium wave infrared/LONG WAVE INFRARED two waveband focal plane arrays (FPA) (7) or broadband focal plane arrays (FPA) (7).
4. two waveband according to claim 1 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that described primary mirror (1) is recessed non-spherical reflector, and described secondary mirror (2) is the convex aspheric surface catoptron; The material of described primary mirror (1) and described secondary mirror (2) is aluminium, silit, beryllium, aluminizing or devitrified glass.
5. two waveband according to claim 1 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that the reflecting surface of described primary mirror (1) is standard quadric surface or high order aspheric surface; The reflecting surface of described secondary mirror (2) is standard quadric surface or high order aspheric surface.
6. two waveband according to claim 1 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that described relay lens group (3) comprises first refractor (31), second refractor (32), third reflect lens (33) and the fourth reflect lens of placing in proper order along same optical axis (34).
7. two waveband according to claim 6 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that, described first refractor (31) is based on the Ge crystalline material, and the first refractor front surface (311) is sphere, and the first refractor rear surface (312) is aspheric surface.
8. two waveband according to claim 6 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that, described second refractor (32) is based on the ZNS crystalline material, and its second refractor front surface (321) and the second refractor rear surface (322) are sphere.
9. two waveband according to claim 6 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that, described third reflect lens (33) are based on the BaF2 crystalline material, and its third reflect lens front surface (331) and third reflect lens rear surface (332) are sphere.
10. two waveband according to claim 6 is total to the confocal surface imaging of light path system, it is characterized in that, described fourth reflect lens (34) are based on the ZnSe crystalline material, and its fourth reflect lens front surface (341) is aspheric surface, and fourth reflect lens rear surface (342) is sphere.
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| CN103913239A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-07-09 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Long linear array push-broom infrared thermal imaging system with efficient cold shield |
| US9291809B2 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-03-22 | Raytheon Company | Scanning telescope |
| CN107357029A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-11-17 | 天津津航技术物理研究所 | A kind of millimeter wave/LONG WAVE INFRARED Shared aperture complex imaging camera lens |
| CN107807441A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-16 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | catadioptric optical imaging system |
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| CN109324399A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | A kind of infrared variable focal length optical system of refraction-reflection type |
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| CN103207452B (en) | 2015-09-30 |
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Effective date of registration: 20190424 Address after: Room C301, 1759 Mingxi Road, Beihu Science and Technology Development Zone, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130000 Patentee after: Changchun Chang Guang Zhi Ou Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 130033 southeast Lake Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, No. 3888 Patentee before: Changchun Inst. of Optics and Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sci |