CN103206216B - Underground working face mining sequence optimization method for prolonging service time of surface land - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground working face mining sequence optimization method for prolonging service time of surface land and belongs to the field of mining technology, land utilization and land reclamation. The method comprises the steps of obtaining an insufficiently mined surface subsidence coefficient fitted curve of a location, determining a subsidence coefficient corrected parameter under a ground critical water accumulation condition, determining underground mining width Dc under the ground critical water accumulation condition, and optimizing an underground working face mining sequence according to the underground mining width Dc. The method optimizes the underground working face mining sequence by analyzing a surface subsidence movement rule of the location under the insufficient mining condition, so that the emergence time of the maximum surface subsidence value is changed, and the service time of the surface land is prolonged relatively. Finally, all underground coal can be mined, so that the coal recovery ratio is ensured, and the service time of the ground land, particularly cultivated land, is considered to a certain extent. The method is a green mining mode taking the land surface into account.

Description

A kind of underground activities face sequence optimization method extending the earth's surface land use time

Technical field

The invention belongs to mining technique, Land_use change and land reclamation field, particularly high ground-water level-mining area, Plain coal mining and land protection.Utilize the feature of surface movement under subcritical extraction condition, optimized by underground activities face sequence, delay the earth's surface maximum time sinking to occurring, thus the relative service time also extending soil, earth's surface.

Background technology

Coal is the main energy of China, accounts for about 70% of primary energy consumption.Because the coal production of China more than 90% comes from pit mining, and adopt moves towards the whole caving method exploitation of longwell more, and soil inevitably produces sinking, causes the depression in a large amount of soil to damage.According to measuring and calculating, the depression ground that underground mining ten thousand tons of raw coal cause, few 0.033hm ², many reaches 0.533hm ², average 0.2 ~ 0.33hm ².Therefore, it is the problem that China is most characteristic, difficulty is maximum that the coal mine subsidence land in underground mine district is reclaimed, and all has typicalness in the world, has become the study hotspot of China's land reclamation.

Due to short economy, protect the demand increased, current coal exploitation remains a kind of development mode of extensive style.Mining area, current Plain, is not relating under the condition that " three times " exploit, and is the mining type on a kind of " ground amenably under " mostly.The layout in underground activities face and mining sequence mainly to facilitate underground mining to carry out, the less service condition taking soil, ground into account.Considering when not affecting coal recovery rate, also taking into account Land_use change and environmental protection, is the important composition of development Scientific mining and Green Mine.

The exploitation of underground ore, to the formation in goaf, and then being caving of formation reaches by progressively propagating of each rock stratum the process that earth's surface is a gradual change.After goaf size exceedes certain extreme value, topmost basement rock key-course ruptures, and is caving subsequently, and the soft stratum on its top and unconsolidated formation are caving with key-course and are caving very soon, and absciss layer rapid closing between rock stratum, subsidence factor increases suddenly.Reach fully in exploitation, subsidence ratio changes along with underground mining change in size.During sufficient mining, earth's surface maximum sinking value W _max, adopt thick M with coal seam normal and claim subsidence factor at the ratio of vertical projected length.When geological mining condition is substantially identical, earth's surface maximum sinking value and mining depth H and exploit dimension D relevant, D/H value is larger, and expression mining degree is larger.Actual observation shows, when the exploitation dimension D in usual goaf reaches and exceedes (1.2 ~ 1.4) H, earth's surface can reach sufficient mining degree, and subsidence coefficient no longer increases, otherwise is subcritical extraction.Also just mean, when exploitation does not reach sufficient mining, the maximum sinking value on earth's surface there will not be.Optimally can descend the mining sequence of work plane accordingly, the time that in control production process, excess surface water occurs.

When Goaf Area size (length and width) is less than the critical exploitation size under this geological mining condition, due maximum sinking value under the sinking of arbitrfary point, earth's surface is and reaches this geological mining condition, is called this adopting as subcritical extraction.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to above-mentioned realistic problem, propose a kind of underground activities face sequence optimization method extending the earth's surface land use time.By the optimization of underground activities face mining sequence, change the earth's surface maximum time sinking to occurring, thus extend the service time in soil, earth's surface to a certain extent.

To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes comprises the following steps:

1) clearly to dig up mine the subsidence coefficient matched curve of location sub-extraction: according to mining location actual observation data, carry out subsidence coefficient curve, abscissa is D/H, D is exploitation size, H is dark for adopting, and ordinate is subsidence factor corrected parameter y _w, corrected parameter y _wobtained by formula (1):

y _w=q _fc/q （1）

Q in formula (1) _fcfor the deflection ratio of subcritical extraction; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining;

2) the subsidence factor corrected parameter (y of boundary's ponding is faced definitely _wc): set mining location underground latent water buried depth as G, then the subsidence factor corrected parameter y of the critical ponding in ground _wcthrough type (2) calculates:

$y_{\mathrm{wc}}=\frac{G}{\mathrm{qM}\cos \mathrm{\α}}---\left(2\right)$

In formula (2): G is diving technique; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining condition; M is that coal seam is adopted thick; α is seam inclination.

3) the underground mining dimension D under boundary's ponding condition is faced definitely _c: according to step 2) the subsidence factor corrected parameter y that determines _wcvalue, the matched curve of this area's sub-extraction subsidence coefficient is found corresponding abscissa a _cvalue, then the width D of the underground mining size under the critical ponding condition in ground _ccan be obtained by following formula:

D _c=a _cH （3）

A in formula (3) _cfor y in matched curve _wccorresponding abscissa, H is mining depth;

4) according to the determined underground mining dimension D of step 3) _c, optimally descend the order of working face mining: if underground activities face is of a size of width A × propelling length B; Then the sequence optimization principles of work plane is: the work plane quantity n of exploitation is continuously nA < D _c.The sequence of work plane can principle Optimization and tuning accordingly.

The present invention mainly has following technological merit:

When not relating to three unders in coal mining, coal mining in the past, first it is considered that the convenience of downhole production, lessly takes ground land use into account.The present invention is by overall planning, and layout, is optimized underground work plane sequence in advance, the coal making underground finally can extraction, both ensure that coal recovery rate, and also taken into account the utilization power of particularly ploughing in soil, ground to a certain extent simultaneously, extended its service time.

By analyzing mining area land subsidence observation data, set up the matched curve of the sub-extraction subsidence coefficient of location, thus clear and definite subsidence factor corrected parameter y _wwith a(underground mining dimension D and mining depth H ratio) relation.Find out the underground mining dimension D under the critical ponding condition in ground _c, optimally descend the mining sequence of work plane.The method can ensure coal recovery rate, does not affect coal mining, and also taken into account surface state, be a kind of lasting exploit mode taking earth's surface into account simultaneously, promotes sustainable use and the sustainable development of Land Resource in Mining Area.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the matched curve of sub-extraction subsidence coefficient.

Underground activities face deployment scenarios in the non-embodiment of Fig. 2.

Detailed description of the invention

The inventive method propose a kind of underground activities face sequence optimization method extending the earth's surface land use time, by reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiment be described in detail as follows:

Method of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:

1) clearly to dig up mine the subsidence coefficient matched curve of location sub-extraction: according to location actual observation data, carry out subsidence coefficient curve, as shown in Figure 1, for the matched curve of sub-extraction subsidence coefficient, abscissa is D/H, D is exploitation size, and H is dark for adopting, and ordinate is subsidence factor corrected parameter y _w, corrected parameter y _wobtained by formula (1):

y _w=q _fc/q （1）

Q in formula (1) _fcfor the deflection ratio of subcritical extraction; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining, as shown in Figure 1.

2) the subsidence factor corrected parameter (y of boundary's ponding is faced definitely _wc): set mining location underground latent water buried depth as G, then the subsidence factor corrected parameter y of the critical ponding in ground _wcthrough type (2) calculates:

$y_{\mathrm{wc}}=\frac{G}{\mathrm{qM}\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}}---\left(2\right)$

In formula (2): G is diving technique; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining condition; M is that coal seam is adopted thick; α is seam inclination.

3) the underground mining dimension D under boundary's ponding condition is faced definitely _c: according to step 2) the corrected parameter y that determines _wcvalue, the matched curve of this area's sub-extraction subsidence coefficient is found corresponding abscissa a _cvalue, then the width D of the underground mining size under the critical ponding condition in ground _ccan be obtained by following formula:

D _c=a _cH _。

A in formula _cfor y in matched curve _wccorresponding abscissa, H is mining depth;

4) according to the determined underground mining dimension width D of step 3) _c, optimally descend the order of working face mining: if underground activities face is of a size of width A × propelling length B; Then the sequence optimization principles of work plane is: the work plane quantity n of exploitation is continuously nA < D _c.

Embodiment:

The present embodiment is a high underground water mining area, and seam inclination is 3 °, coal seam average thickness 5.0m, buried depth 800m; Bury of groundwater is about about 2.5m, and the earth grade overwhelming majority is between 0 ~ 2 °.In embodiments of the invention, the deployment scenarios in underground activities face as shown in Figure 2, and 1. to the numbering being 7. work plane in figure, work plane size is all 200 × 1800m, and each working face mining time is 1 year.

The present embodiment is undertaken analyzing and the optimization of work plane sequence by computer modeling technique, and concrete steps are as follows:

1) clearly to dig up mine the subsidence coefficient matched curve of location sub-extraction: according to mining location actual observation data, carry out subsidence coefficient curve, abscissa is D/H, D is exploitation size, H is dark for adopting, and ordinate is subsidence factor corrected parameter y _w, corrected parameter y _wobtained by formula (1):

y _w=q _fc/q （1）

Q in formula (1) _fcfor the deflection ratio of subcritical extraction; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining, as shown in Figure 1.

2) the subsidence factor corrected parameter y of boundary's ponding is faced definitely _wc: if location underground latent water buried depth is G, then the subsidence factor corrected parameter y of the critical ponding in ground _wcthrough type (2) calculates:

$y_{\mathrm{wc}}=\frac{G}{\mathrm{qM}\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}}---\left(2\right)$

In formula (2): G is diving technique; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining condition; M is that coal seam is adopted thick; α is seam inclination.In the present embodiment, G is 3m, q be 0.8, M be 9m, α is 3 °, then y _wc=0.75.

3) the underground mining dimension D under boundary's ponding condition is faced definitely _c: according to step 2) y that determines _wcvalue, the matched curve of this area's sub-extraction subsidence coefficient is found corresponding abscissa a _cvalue, then the width D of the underground mining size under the critical ponding condition in ground _ccan be obtained by following formula:

D _c=a _cH （3）

A in formula (3) _cfor y in matched curve _wccorresponding abscissa, H is mining depth; In the present embodiment, y _wc=0.75, according to measured data, corresponding a _cvalue is 0.45, then Dc=360m.

4) according to the determined underground mining dimension D of step 3) _c, optimally descend the order of working face mining: if underground activities face is of a size of width A × propelling length B; Then the sequence optimization principles of work plane is: the work plane quantity n of exploitation is continuously nA < D _c.In the present embodiment, D _cfor 360m, and single face width is 200m, then while meaning continuous 2 work planes, namely exploitation can cause excess surface water.

Because each working face mining duration is 1 year, as adopted order mining work plane, namely there is ponding on the 2nd year ground of exploitation.Therefore, should avoid the exploitation of 2 Adjacent Working Faces, the work plane numbered sequence of the work plane sequence after optimization is: 1-3-5-7-2-4-6.Exploited by the sequence after optimization of the present invention, within the 5th year of exploitation, just there will be excess surface water, comparatively order mining, optimize the mining type after sequence and can extend service time in soil and the longlyest reach about 3 years.

Visible, the present invention is by analyzing in advance, and scientific arrangement work plane sequence, can ensure the whole extraction of coal, relatively extend again the service time in soil, earth's surface.

Claims (1)

1. extend the underground activities face sequence optimization method of earth's surface land use time, the method comprises the following steps:

1) clearly to dig up mine the subsidence coefficient matched curve of location sub-extraction: according to mining location actual observation data, carry out subsidence coefficient curve, abscissa is D/H, D is exploitation size, H is dark for adopting, and ordinate is subsidence factor corrected parameter y _w, corrected parameter y _wobtained by formula (1):

y _w＝q _fc/q (1)

Q in formula (1) _fcfor the deflection ratio of subcritical extraction; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining;

2) the subsidence factor corrected parameter y of boundary's ponding is faced definitely _wc: set mining location underground latent water buried depth as G, then the subsidence factor corrected parameter y of the critical ponding in ground _wcthrough type (2) calculates:

$y_{\mathrm{wc}}=\frac{G}{\mathrm{qM}\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}}---\left(2\right)$

In formula (2): G is diving technique; Q is the subsidence factor under sufficient mining condition; M is that coal seam is adopted thick; α is seam inclination;

3) width D of the underground mining size under boundary's ponding condition is faced definitely _c: according to step 2) the corrected parameter y that determines _wcvalue, the matched curve of this area's sub-extraction subsidence coefficient is found corresponding abscissa a _cvalue, then the width D of the underground mining size under the critical ponding condition in ground _ccan be obtained by following formula:

D _c＝a _cH (3)

A in formula (3) _cfor y in matched curve _wccorresponding abscissa, H is mining depth;

4) according to step 3) determined underground mining dimension D _c, optimally descend the order of working face mining: if underground activities face is of a size of width A × propelling length B; Then the sequence optimization principles of work plane is: the work plane quantity n of exploitation is continuously nA < D _c.