CN102889083A - Method for confirming coal mining sunken surface soil peeling space time based on geographic information system (GIS) grid unit - Google Patents
Method for confirming coal mining sunken surface soil peeling space time based on geographic information system (GIS) grid unit Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for confirming a coal mining sunken surface soil peeling space time based on a geographic information system (GIS) grid unit, belonging to the fields of mining technology, soil utilization and soil rehabilitation. The method comprises the following steps: classifying ground units, obtaining ground elevation information of every ground unit before exploring, predicting sunken by stages; obtaining the elevation property at every predict stage of every ground unit, and confirming the water accumulation time of every ground unit, thereby confirming the time of peeling surface soil of every ground unit. Through classifying the ground unit and combining the underground exploring stage, the water accumulating time of any ground unit and the time of surface soil peeling time are determined, thus the time and place of performing the surface soil peeling activity can be confirmed clearly; the method is simple and easy to understand and convenient to perform the actual construction operation, thus the surface soil protection work of a high diving water level mine zone can be specifically carried out at a fixed quantity; the method provides the guarantee for the soil rehabilitation at the later period and is beneficial to improve the rehabilitation plowing rate, and accelerate the sustainable utilization and development of the soil resource in the mine lot.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining technique, soil utilization and land reclamation field; be particularly related under high ground-water level-mining area, Plain coal mining just at the native Protection of the table in depression soil; mainly by the division of surface units, when and where the solution ground of quantification carries out this technical barrier of topsoil stripping work.
Background technology
Have a large population and a few land, cultivated land resource is very rare, and this is the fundamental realities of the country of China.Along with rapid development of economy, demand to the energy grows with each passing day, coal is as the main energy of China, account for about 70% of primary energy consumption, because the coal production of China more than 90% comes from pit mining, and adopt moved towards the whole caving method exploitations of longwell more, and the soil produces sinking inevitably, causes the depression damage in a large amount of soils.High underground water mining area mainly is distributed in East China and the Northeast plain district of China, and the soil that exploitation is damaged mostly is greatly the high-yielding grain fields of high-quality.It is to guarantee quantity of cultivated land, the Important Action of Ensuring Food Safety that high underground water mining area is damaged reclaiming of soil.
Yet, since after the land subsidence of east China area mainly take ponding destruction as main, a large amount of fertile soil submergeds behind the coal mining land subsidence, soil loss are serious.The mode of at present China's coal-mine district land reclamation is mainly administered as main after depression is stablized again, according to such area experience of reclaiming for many years, the second ploughing rate only has 30%-40% under the prior art level, and this just means that also large-area high-quality farmland will become the waters, directly the quantity in impact arable land.Cause the reason of this phenomenon to have a lot, on the one hand, special geological mining condition is so that this regional depression has typicalness, high underground water mining area mostly is greatly the mining area, Plain, the region mostly is greatly that physical features is smooth, soil abundance, high-quality basic farmland district that fertility is higher, because earth's surface physical features own is smooth and phreatic table is higher, and condition of coal seam occurrence is good especially simultaneously, a lot of coal seams, mining area quantity is many, coal seam thickness is large, this just causes after the depression phenomenon of ponding serious, and a large amount of table soil resources sink under water; On the other hand, owing to be the plains region, lack the solid filling thing, the main filler that adopts gangue, flyash, building waste etc. to administer as the subsidence area is compared with the depression volume that the earth's surface is huge at present, and these type of charges are car water tumbler firewoods.And precious soil resource is non-renewable resource as the resource that for many years weathering deposition forms in a sense, lacks filler and the native cladding material of table when reclaiming, and causes the ratio of recovering soil and arable land low.
Because specific geological conditions can't change, and country to the demand of the energy so that the exploitation of coal is imperative, and must keep the higher rate of extraction.Therefore, in the mining area, Plain, have only and take effective reclamation measures, just might slow down quantity of cultivated land minimizing, grain drop in production total crop failure phenomenon.In order to guarantee certain second ploughing rate, the table soil that may sink under water is in advance peeled off rescue, is the effective means of realizing this goal.At present, existing relevant scholar carries out the research of " dynamic reclamation " and " reclaiming in advance ", the researcher wishes the purpose of protecting farmland by taking in advance reclamation measures to reach, but comparatively general way is at present: at first, and the final subsidence isopleth of forecasting research Regional Coal exploitation; Secondly, determine that according to equivalent curve final seasonal ponding zone is with ponding is regional throughout the year; At last, carry out in advance topsoil stripping according to last sinking layout before coal mining or in the recovery process.General way is take work plane or exploiting field as unit, and the disposable table soil that may impact the zone to exploitation is all peeled off before exploitation, and is stacked near the influence area nearby.Because work plane or the exploiting field length of service are not only long but also short, the larger work plane length of service even reach one or two years, too early his-and-hers watches soil is all peeled off, then can affect normal Agricultural Activities, and it is larger to implement difficulty, and the topsoil stripping time is excessively late, then can cause charge stripping efficiency to reduce, the table soil resource that rescues reduces, and affects the second ploughing rate.How scientific and reasonable really deckle is adopted the time of the topsoil stripping in the multiple process in limit and the scope of peeling off, and is the important indicator that determines the second ploughing rate.
Nineteen sixty-five, Liu Baochen, Liao Guohua have published " basic law of colliery surface movement " book, probability integration process is introduced China's mining area surface comprehensively move the depression expectation, at present, it is theoretical that probability integration process also becomes the most widely Sbusidence Damage expectation of the most ripe range of application of China.Use this theory, can obtain the various deformation values such as the surface subsidence value in each stage in the progress of coal mining and corresponding horizontal distortion, curvature distortion, inclination and distortion.
Geographical information system (Geographic Information System, GIS), it is a kind of specific very important space information system.It is under computer hardware and software system supports, to the relevant geographical distribution data in the epigeosphere space all or in part gather, store, the technological system of management, computing, analysis, demonstration and description.GIS and mapping science and geography have close relationship.Geodetic survey, engineering survey, mining survey, cadastral survey, aerial photogrammetry and remote sensing technology provide the location number of various different scales and precision for the spatial entities among the GIS.The technical advantage of GIS is its aggregation of data, simulation and assay ability, can obtain the important information that conventional method or general information system are difficult to obtain, and realizes simulation and the prediction of geographical space process evolution.The present invention utilizes the grid of GIS to calculate and spatial analysis functions time and the scope of surface units topsoil stripping under definite mining effect of quantification in conjunction with the GIS technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solving an above-mentioned difficult problem, propose a kind of coal-mining subsidence ground surface soil based on the GIS grid cell and peel off space-time and determine method, the method is easily understood, and is convenient to the practice of construction operation.So that the table of high underground water mining area soil Protection can be specifically and the carrying out of quantification.
The coal-mining subsidence ground surface soil based on the GIS grid cell that the present invention proposes is peeled off space-time and is determined method, and the method may further comprise the steps:
1) divides surface units: ground is divided into the grid unit, determines that by H/20 each edge lengths of grid unit is that 10 of H/20 institute total round; H is dark on average adopting, and unit is rice;
2) obtain the front ground elevation information of each surface units exploitation:
21) at first with the surface units rasterizing, rasterizing unit is chosen for 10m * 10m, obtains the elevation information of each rasterizing unit by interpolation and fitting:
22) choose the arithmetic mean value of elevation of all rasterizing units in each surface units as the front elevation of adopting of each surface units;
In the formula (1), A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i, h
kIt is the elevation of k grid cell; N is the sum of grid cell;
3) obtain the deflection of each each mining phase of surface units:
31) the underground mining process is divided into j mining phase and carries out respectively settlement prediction, respectively the depression in j stage is estimated that isopleth carries out interpolation and fitting, obtain the deflection of each mining phase rasterizing unit;
32) choose the arithmetic mean value of the deflection of all rasterizing units in the surface units of each mining phase as the deflection of each mining phase surface units, the surface units deflection (H of each mining phase
Ij) represent with formula 2:
In the formula (2), H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at mining phase j, S
kBe k the grid cell of the surface units i deflection at mining phase j; N is the sum of grid cell;
4) obtain the Height attribute of each each forecast period of surface units: obtain surface units i at the Height attribute A of mining phase j by superposition
Ij:
A
ij＝A
i-H
ij （3）
In the formula (3), A
IjBe the Height attribute of surface units i at mining phase j; A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i; H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at production section j;
5) determine ponding time of each surface units, and the time of topsoil stripping: if A
IjH
q, then record the ponding time j of this unit; If A
Ij＜=H
q, then then calculate next mining phase; Determine thus the ponding time of each surface units; The splitting time of then guaranteeing each surface units table soil safety is the previous stage that ponding occurs.
The present invention mainly has following technological merit:
The present invention can avoid the topsoil stripping time excessively to cause showing soil evening flooding and enter in the water, also can avoid too early impact of peeling off agricultural production, life simultaneously.Solved in the coal-mining subsidence process, quantitative solution " when ", " where " carry out the difficult problem of topsoil stripping, and because the division of surface units, be easy to the carrying out of ground construction.It is the important leverage of underground mine Bian Caibian recovering technology.
By the combination of mining subsidence and GIS, the classifying rationally surface units can be determined the time that ponding appears in each surface units, and the time of surface units topsoil stripping must occur carrying out prior to ponding.Determining of surface units division methods provided by the present invention, grid step and ponding time and topsoil stripping time is easily understood, easy operating, and convenient construction is implemented.So that the table of high underground water mining area soil Protection can be specifically and the carrying out of quantification.For the land reclamation in later stage provides safeguard, be beneficial to the arable land rate of reclaiming that improves, promote sustainable use and the sustainable development of Land Resource in Mining Area.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the surface units schematic diagram of each stage topsoil stripping in the embodiments of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is according to the surface units of dividing, and lower mining phase is determined the method for ponding time and the topsoil stripping time of any surface units in combination, so that the table of high underground water mining area soil Protection specifically and the carrying out of quantification.Reaching by reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment is described in detail as follows:
The coal-mining subsidence ground surface soil based on the GIS grid cell that the present invention proposes is peeled off space-time and is determined method, is to utilize the grid of GIS to calculate and spatial analysis functions, and the time of definite ground topsoil stripping of quantification and the method for scope are applicable to the high ground-water level coal field.The flow chart of the method may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 1:
1) divides surface units: ground is divided into the grid unit, determines that by H/20 for making things convenient for subsequent calculations, each edge lengths of grid unit is that 10 of H/20 institute total round; H is dark on average adopting, and unit is rice;
2) obtain the front ground elevation information of each surface units exploitation:
21) at first with the surface units rasterizing, rasterizing unit is chosen for 10m * 10m, (ground elevation information can be expressed by the mode of isohypse or spot height to obtain the elevation information of each rasterizing unit by interpolation and fitting, in order to obtain the front ground elevation information of adopting of each unit, ground, simultaneously, for the ease of the superposition in later stage, the present invention adopts the mode of rasterizing unit to carry out).
22) choose the arithmetic mean value of elevation of all rasterizing units in each surface units as the front elevation of adopting of each surface units;
In the formula (1), A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i, h
kIt is the elevation of k grid cell; N is the sum of grid cell;
3) obtain the deflection of each each mining phase of surface units:
31) the underground mining process is divided into j mining phase and carries out respectively settlement prediction, respectively the depression in j stage is estimated that isopleth carries out interpolation and fitting, obtain the deflection of each mining phase rasterizing unit;
32) choose the arithmetic mean value of the deflection of all rasterizing units in the surface units of each mining phase as the deflection of each mining phase surface units, the surface units deflection (H of each mining phase
Ij) represent with formula 2.
In the formula (2), H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at mining phase j, S
kBe that k grid cell is at the deflection of mining phase j; N is the sum of grid cell;
4) obtain the Height attribute of each each forecast period of surface units: obtain elevation A after the depression of j stage surface units i by superposition
Ij
A
ij＝A
i-H
ij （3）
In the formula (3), A
IjBe the Height attribute of surface units i at mining phase j; A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i; H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at production section j;
5) determine ponding time of each surface units, and the time of topsoil stripping: if A
IjH
q, (H
qBe the groundwater level elevation, be known quantity, obtain by field investigation), then record the ponding time j of this unit; If A
Ij＜=H
q, then then calculate next mining phase; Determine thus the ponding time of each surface units; The splitting time of then guaranteeing each surface units table soil safety is the previous stage that ponding occurs.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is a high underground water mining area, coal seam average thickness 9.0m, buried depth 800m; Physical features is smooth, earth's surface nature absolute altitude+43.0～+ 44.50m, about the about 3.0m of bury of groundwater, the earth grade overwhelming majority is between 0～2 °.In the embodiments of the invention surface units schematic diagram of each stage topsoil stripping as shown in Figure 2, " 1-10 " represents the scope of each mining phase topsoil stripping among the figure, grid is surface units, dotted line for the exploitation work plane.
Present embodiment is undertaken peeling off space-time based on the coal-mining subsidence ground surface soil of GIS grid cell by computer modeling technique and determines that the step of method is as follows:
1) divide surface units: ground is divided into the grid unit,, determine that by H/20 for making things convenient for subsequent calculations, each edge lengths of grid unit is that 10 of H/20 institute total round; H is dark on average adopting, and unit is rice; Determine that thus the present embodiment surface units is of a size of 40m * 40m, totally 7875 surface units.
2) obtain the front ground elevation information of each surface units exploitation:
21) at first with the surface units rasterizing, rasterizing unit is chosen for 10m * 10m, (ground elevation information can be expressed by the mode of isohypse or spot height to obtain the elevation information of each rasterizing unit by interpolation and fitting, in order to obtain the front ground elevation information of adopting of each unit, ground, simultaneously, for the ease of the superposition in later stage, adopt the mode of rasterizing unit to carry out).Comprise 16 rasterizing unit in this example behind each surface units rasterizing.
22) choose the arithmetic mean value of elevation of all rasterizing units in each surface units as the front elevation of adopting of each surface units;
In the formula (1), A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i, h
kIt is the elevation of k grid cell; N is the sum of grid cell, and n is 16 in this example;
3) obtain the deflection of each each mining phase of surface units:
31) the underground mining process is divided into j mining phase and carries out respectively settlement prediction, respectively the depression in j stage is estimated that isopleth carries out interpolation and fitting, obtain the deflection of each mining phase rasterizing unit.In the present embodiment underground mining process being divided into 10 stages carries out respectively settlement prediction, and obtains the deflection of each grid cell.
32) choose the arithmetic mean value of the deflection of all rasterizing units in the surface units of each mining phase as the deflection of each mining phase surface units, the surface units deflection (H of each mining phase
Ij) represent with formula (2).
In the formula (2), H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at mining phase j, S
kBe that k grid cell is at the deflection of mining phase j; N is the sum of grid cell, and n is 16 in this example;
4) obtain the Height attribute of each each forecast period of surface units: obtain surface units i at the Height attribute A of mining phase j by superposition
Ij
A
ij＝A
i-H
ij （3）
In the formula (3), A
IjBe the Height attribute of surface units i at mining phase j; A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i; H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at production section j;
5) determine ponding time of each surface units, and the time of topsoil stripping: if A
IjH
q, (H
qBe the groundwater level elevation, be known quantity, obtain by field investigation), then record the ponding time j of this unit; If A
Ij＜=H
q, then then calculate next mining phase.Determine thus the ponding time of each surface units.The splitting time of then guaranteeing each surface units table soil safety is the previous stage that ponding occurs.Through calculating, have 461 surface units in 7875 surface units in this example and after sinking, can (namely have A by ponding
Ij＜=H
q), need to carry out topsoil stripping, the about 73.76hm of topsoil stripping area that relates to
2
As seen, the division surface units that the present invention can be quantitative, clear determines when carry out the topsoil stripping activity where, method is easily understood, and is convenient to the practice of construction operation.
Claims (1)
1. the coal-mining subsidence ground surface soil based on the GIS grid cell is peeled off space-time and is determined method, and the method may further comprise the steps:
1) divide surface units: ground is divided into the criss-cross surface units, and each edge lengths of surface units is that 10 of H/20 institute total round; H is dark on average adopting, and unit is rice;
2) obtain the front ground elevation information of each surface units exploitation:
21) at first with the surface units rasterizing, rasterizing unit is chosen for 10m * 10m, obtains the elevation information of each rasterizing unit by interpolation and fitting:
22) choose the arithmetic mean value of elevation of all rasterizing units in each surface units as the front elevation of adopting of each surface units;
In the formula (1), A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i, h
kIt is the elevation of k grid cell; N is the sum of grid cell;
3) obtain the deflection of each each mining phase of surface units:
31) the underground mining process is divided into j mining phase and carries out respectively settlement prediction, respectively the depression in j stage is estimated that isopleth carries out interpolation and fitting, obtain the deflection of each mining phase rasterizing unit;
32) choose the arithmetic mean value of the deflection of all rasterizing units in the surface units of each mining phase as the deflection of each mining phase surface units, the surface units deflection (H of each mining phase
Ij) represent with formula 2:
In the formula (2), H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at mining phase j, S
kBe k the grid cell of the surface units i deflection at mining phase j; N is the sum of grid cell;
4) obtain the Height attribute of each each forecast period of surface units: obtain surface units i at the Height attribute A of mining phase j by superposition
Ij:
A
ij＝A
i-H
ij （3）
In the formula (3), A
IjBe the Height attribute of surface units i at mining phase j; A
iBe the front elevation of adopting of surface units i; H
IjBe the deflection of surface units i at production section j;
5) determine ponding time of each surface units, and the time of topsoil stripping: if A
IjH
q, then record the ponding time j of this unit; If A
Ij＜=H
q, then then calculate next mining phase; Determine thus the ponding time of each surface units; The splitting time of then guaranteeing each surface units table soil safety is the previous stage that ponding occurs.
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| CN103206216A (en) * | 2013-04-21 | 2013-07-17 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground working face mining sequence optimization method for prolonging service time of surface land |
| CN104564069A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamic surface subsidence prediction and reclamation method based on square mesh method |
| CN105045962A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamic construction elevation determination method for mining while rehabilitating area |
| CN108288059A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所 | A kind of building waste monitoring method based on high-definition remote sensing technology |
| CN109345082A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Well location surveys quantification numerical value screening and evaluating system |
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| CN103206216A (en) * | 2013-04-21 | 2013-07-17 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground working face mining sequence optimization method for prolonging service time of surface land |
| CN103206216B (en) * | 2013-04-21 | 2015-01-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground working face mining sequence optimization method for prolonging service time of surface land |
| CN104564069A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamic surface subsidence prediction and reclamation method based on square mesh method |
| CN105045962A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamic construction elevation determination method for mining while rehabilitating area |
| CN105045962B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2018-04-06 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Bian Caibian second ploughing area Dynamic Construction absolute altitude determines method |
| CN108288059A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所 | A kind of building waste monitoring method based on high-definition remote sensing technology |
| CN108288059B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-04-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所 | Construction waste monitoring method based on high-resolution remote sensing technology |
| CN109345082A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Well location surveys quantification numerical value screening and evaluating system |
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