CN103205920A - Method for detecting geometrical morphology of railway track - Google Patents
Method for detecting geometrical morphology of railway track Download PDFInfo
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- CN103205920A CN103205920A CN2013101161631A CN201310116163A CN103205920A CN 103205920 A CN103205920 A CN 103205920A CN 2013101161631 A CN2013101161631 A CN 2013101161631A CN 201310116163 A CN201310116163 A CN 201310116163A CN 103205920 A CN103205920 A CN 103205920A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting geometry morphology of a railway track. The method includes setting total-station instruments on a railway line by the aid of known control points of the railway line; placing track geometrical morphology detecting equipment on steel rails of a railway; measuring spatial three-dimensional coordinates of centers of prisms and geometrical position data of the track geometrical morphology detecting equipment by the aid of the total-station instruments; and acquiring geometrical morphology data of the railway track where the track geometrical morphology detecting equipment is located according to spatial coordinate data and the geometrical position data. The method for detecting the geometrical morphology of the railway track has the advantages that the measurement accuracy is high, and required railway track geometrical morphology detectors are simple in structure and can be mounted conveniently and quickly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of railroad track detection method, especially relate to a kind of railroad track geometric shape measuring method that the railroad track internal geometry is measured (relative measurement) and outside geometric shape measurement (absolute measurement) that integrates.
Background technology
The existing track detector overwhelming majority can only be applied to track inner geometry morphometry, can not satisfy high-speed railway to the measurement requirement of track irregularity management, and the scope of application is restricted.
The domestic existing like product that high speed railway track detects that can be used for, certainty of measurement is relatively poor and stable inadequately, can't satisfy the needs of high-speed railway maintenance management, and the scope of application is restricted.
Summary of the invention
At problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of railroad track geometric shape detection method, its certainty of measurement height, and the installation of employed checkout equipment is convenient, Stability Analysis of Structures.
The invention provides a kind of railroad track geometric shape detection method, specifically comprise following step:
Step 1, utilize railway known control point along the line to carry out total powerstation on along the railway to establish the station;
Step 2, put track geometry form checkout equipment at railway track;
Step 3, the 3 d space coordinate that uses total station survey prism center and the geometric position data of track geometry form checkout equipment;
Step 4, according to described spatial data and geometric position data, obtain the railroad track geometric shape data of track geometry form checkout equipment present position;
Step 5, judge that track geometry form checkout equipment is apart from the distance of total powerstation during whether less than minimum spacing, if not, then the direction towards total powerstation pushes a sleeper pitch with track geometry form checkout equipment forward along rail, return step 3, measure the railroad track geometric shape data of next position; If, then stop to push forward, to pushing the direction reach with total powerstation, return step 1, all measurements in the rail length range that needs are measured are finished.
Further, total powerstation is established the station and is specially in the described step 1: total powerstation is placed on the triangular base that sets up the railway line top, carry out leveling work, make the total powerstation body be in level, and the collimation telescope that makes total powerstation is placed in the prism center on the known control point, measure, by measure gained apart from the angle relevant information, and then calculate space coordinates and the total powerstation telescope axle institute azimuthal of total powerstation body center present position, finish total powerstation and establish the station.
Further, described total powerstation is established the station process and is used resection to establish the station method, the quantity that is installed in the prism on the known point that need measure when measuring should not be less than 4, carry out unnecessary observation, obtain apart from the angle relevant information more than calculating the needed master data of total powerstation body center's locational space coordinate, use least square adjustment to calculate the optimal value of the space coordinates of total powerstation present position, finish the measurement adjustment process.
Further, described step 2 middle orbit geometric shape checkout equipment is track geometry form detector, and this track geometry form detector and described total powerstation are furnished on same rail line.
Described track geometry form detector comprises that how much state measuring devices comprise car body, the corresponding left rail in the left side of described car body is provided with left side horizontal wheels assembly, left side spacing reference wheel assembly, left side tension assembly and left side spacing detecting unit, and the corresponding right rail in the right side of described car body is provided with right side horizontal wheels assembly, right side spacing detecting unit; The left and right sides of described car body also all is equipped with the height detecting unit; Described mileage detecting unit is installed on left side horizontal wheels assembly or the right side horizontal wheels assembly; Prism is installed by prism table in described car body top, and described left side spacing detecting unit, right side spacing detecting unit, height detecting unit all are connected main control computer with the mileage detecting unit; Described left side spacing detecting unit, right side spacing detecting unit, height detecting unit all are connected main control computer with the mileage detecting unit.
Further, described car body comprises in the middle of the left side that vehicle frame, right side main car frame body, right side prolong frame and right side wheel seat behind the vehicle frame, left front support body, left side; In the middle of the described left side fixedly connected with vehicle frame behind left front support body, the left side respectively in the rear and front end of vehicle frame; The right flank of described right side main car frame body prolongs frame with the right side in turn, the right side wheel seat is fixedlyed connected, and the right flank of vehicle frame is connected with the left surface of right side main car frame body in the middle of the described left side.
Further, the vehicle frame rear end all is equipped with left side horizontal wheels assembly behind the front end of described left front support body and the left side, each horizontal wheels assembly below, left side all is equipped with left side spacing reference wheel assembly and left side tension assembly, on the described middle vehicle frame left side spacing detecting unit is installed; Described right side horizontal wheels assembly is installed on wheel seat inside, right side, and right side spacing detecting unit is installed on the right side and prolongs on the frame; Two height detecting units are installed on the inside of the middle vehicle frame in left side, right side main car frame body respectively; Described prism table is installed in the top of right side main car frame body.
Further, the prism center that arranges on the telescope central cross silk aiming track geometry form checkout equipment with total powerstation; Use main control computer remote control total powerstation that the 3 d space coordinate at prism center is measured; And measurement result returned to main control computer, main control computer sends for left side spacing detecting unit, right side spacing detecting unit, height detecting unit and mileage detecting unit by data wire and measures instruction simultaneously, measure heeling condition, the rail spacing variable condition of the track geometry form checkout equipment of current position, and use main control computer to read all measurement results.
Further, described step 3 is specially: railroad track geometric shape data comprise gauge, level, the superelevation data of track in the described step 4.
The advantage that the present invention has is:
1, structure is firm; The agent structure of railroad track geometric shape detection method provided by the invention can be used aluminium block processing, one-shot forming, adopt integrated design to guarantee firm inner structure, the present invention externally adopts the tower structure design on the structure, has guaranteed stressed distribution and the structure steadiness of external structure;
2, measure precisely; Railroad track geometric shape detection method provided by the invention has used a plurality of sensors together with work, and the trace of gathering railroad track accurately changes, and has guaranteed certainty of measurement of the present invention, and firm body project organization of the present invention has guaranteed the accuracy of measuring;
3, easy to install quick; The present invention adopts modularized design to install, and is easy to install quick, can be with the whole installation in position of the present invention in 10s, and very easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-1: the lateral view of railroad track geometric shape detector provided by the invention;
Fig. 1-2: the elevation of railroad track geometric shape detector provided by the invention;
Fig. 1-3: the vertical view of railroad track geometric shape detector provided by the invention;
Fig. 2-1: the elevation of car body among the present invention;
Fig. 2-2: the vertical view of car body among the present invention;
Fig. 2-3: the A-A schematic cross-section of car body among the present invention;
Fig. 2-4: the B-B schematic cross-section of car body among the present invention;
Fig. 2-5: the C-C schematic cross-section of car body among the present invention;
Fig. 3: the structural representation of left side horizontal wheels assembly among the present invention;
Fig. 4: the structure elevation of left side spacing reference wheel assembly among the present invention;
Fig. 5: the structural representation of left side tension assembly among the present invention;
Fig. 6: the elevation of left side spacing detecting unit among the present invention;
Fig. 7: the structural representation of mileage detecting unit among the present invention;
Fig. 8: the structural representation of right side horizontal wheels assembly among the present invention;
Fig. 9: the structure elevation of right side spacing detecting unit among the present invention;
Figure 10: the structure elevation of height detecting unit among the present invention;
Figure 11-1: the structure elevation of trolley pole assembly among the present invention;
Figure 11-2: the structure side view of trolley pole assembly among the present invention;
Figure 12-1: the structure elevation of prism table among the present invention;
Figure 12-2: the structure side view of prism table among the present invention;
Figure 13: railway track gauge schematic diagram;
Figure 14: the horizontal schematic diagram of railway track;
Figure 15: railway track superelevation schematic diagram;
Figure 16: the railway track rail is to the string schematic diagram;
Figure 17: railway track 30m string calculates schematic diagram;
Figure 18: railway track 150m string calculates schematic diagram;
Figure 19: railway track height string schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1-3-01: car body, 1-3-02: left side horizontal wheels assembly, 1-2-03: left side spacing reference wheel assembly, 1-2-04: left side tension assembly, 1-1-05: left side spacing detecting unit, 1-1-06: mileage detecting unit, 1-2-07: right side horizontal wheels assembly, 1-2-08: right side spacing detecting unit, 1-3-09: height detecting unit, 1-3-10: trolley pole assembly, 1-2-11: prism table, 2-2-01: vehicle frame in the middle of the left side, 2-2-02: left front support body, 2-2-03: vehicle frame behind the left side, 2-2-04: right side main car frame body, 2-2-11: the right side prolongs frame, 2-2-12: right side wheel seat, 2-1-07: lag bolt axle, 2-1-08: stay bolt axle, 2-1-09: hand wheel nut, 2-1-10: eye bolt, 5-01: regulating wheel, 5-02: spring structure, 5-03: B-mode gangbar, 6-01: gangbar, 6-02: meter wheel, 6-03: displacement transducer, 6-04: spring, 6-05: manual components, 7-01: encoder, 10-01: level gauge cover, 10-02: electrolevel, 11-01: push rod, 11-02: connector, 11-03: computer bracket, 11-04: height adjuster, 12-01: pedestal; 12-02: backstay, 12-03: prism table, handle 2-1-15,2-1-16 support.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, can be implemented so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention also, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
(absolute measurement provides a kind of volume little to the objective of the invention is to collect the outside geometric shape measurement of railroad track geometric shape measuring (relative measurement) and track, in light weight, simple in structure, the certainty of measurement height, stable, dismounting is quick, and is easy to carry) in high speed railway track accurate measurement instrument and the detection method thereof of one.
The present invention proposes a kind of railroad track geometric shape detection method, wherein uses a kind of railroad track geometric shape detector, mainly comprises the track geometry status measurement mechanism, and total powerstation and main control computer are used in collocation; Wherein the track geometry status measurement mechanism is agent structure of the present invention, described main control computer all is connected with total powerstation, track geometry status measurement mechanism, and corresponding supporting data processing unit is installed in the described main control computer, is used for measuring corresponding geometric shape data.
Shown in Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2, Fig. 1-3, described track geometry status measurement mechanism mainly is made up of 11 parts, be respectively car body 1-3-01, left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02, left side spacing reference wheel assembly 1-2-03, left side tension assembly 1-2-04, left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05, mileage detecting unit 1-1-06, right side horizontal wheels assembly 1-2-07, right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08, height detecting unit 1-3-09, trolley pole assembly 1-3-10 and prism table 1-2-11.Described left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05, mileage detecting unit 1-1-06, right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08, height detecting unit 1-3-09 all are connected with main control computer, described total powerstation is gone up the calm transmitted radio signal of installing to prism group 1-2-11, the automatic aiming prism, the 3 d space coordinate at acquisition prism center.
Described car body 1-3-01 is most important component of the present invention, is the supporting body of all functions assembly.The main technical requirements of car body 1-3-01 need satisfy: Stability Analysis of Structures, stressed not yielding, easy accessibility, light durable.Shown in Fig. 2-1, Fig. 2-2, Fig. 2-3, Fig. 2-4 and Fig. 2-5, according to mapping custom, the keep left assembly of side of car body 1-3-01 is called the left side, the assembly on right side is called the right side.Described car body 1-3-01 is made up of 6 assemblies, is respectively: vehicle frame 2-2-03, right side main car frame body 2-2-04, right side prolong frame 2-2-11 and right side wheel seat 2-2-12 behind the middle vehicle frame 2-2-01 in left side, left front support body 2-2-02, the left side.
Wherein vehicle frame 2-2-01 is fixedlyed connected with vehicle frame 2-2-03 behind left front support body 2-2-02, the left side respectively the rear and front end in the middle of the left side, in the middle of use, do not need dismounting, left front support body 2-2-02 is connected with the front end of vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side, that uses that vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side goes up design is raised in groove fit that left front support body 2-2-02 the goes up design position that is located by connecting, and uses screw that vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side and left front support body 2-2-02 are linked together; In like manner, vehicle frame 2-2-03 is connected with the rear end of vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side behind the left side, and method of attachment is the same, forms a structure like this.
Right side main car frame body 2-2-04, right side prolong frame 2-2-11, the right side wheel seat 2-2-12 three parts connection that fixes in turn, in the middle of use, need not dismounting, the right side prolongs frame 2-2-11 and is connected with the right flank of right side main car frame body 2-2-04, the centralized positioning pin that uses right side main car frame body 2-2-04 upward to design cooperates fixedly connected position with the locating hole that right side prolongation frame 2-2-11 goes up design, and the use screw links together right side main car frame body 2-2-04 and right side prolongation frame 2-2-11; In like manner, right side wheel seat 2-2-12 is connected with the right flank that the right side prolongs frame 2-2-11, and method of attachment is the same, forms another structure like this.
The structure that vehicle frame 2-2-03 forms behind vehicle frame 2-2-01, left front support body 2-2-02, left side in the middle of the left side in the middle of the process of using will link together and could use with the structure that right side main car frame body 2-2-04, right side prolongation frame 2-2-11, right side wheel seat 2-2-12 form.Joint face between two structures that form is that the right flank of vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side and the left surface of right side main car frame body 2-2-04 are connected, use the centralized positioning pin to position during connection, because need regular dismounting, after all needing to install, each use could use, need the dismounting vanning after using, improve positioning accuracy in order to improve positioning accuracy so increased an anti-rotation alignment pin.It is fastening fixing that connection design herein uses four handwheels to carry out, and formed fast assembling disassembling structure by the lag bolt axle 2-1-07 among Fig. 2-1, stay bolt axle 2-1-08, hand wheel nut 2-1-09, four structures of eye bolt 2-1-10.Lag bolt axle 2-1-07 cooperates with stay bolt axle 2-1-08 and forms a major axis that runs through the middle vehicle frame 2-2-01 in left side, two eye bolt 2-1-10 have been worn at major axis, make eye bolt 2-1-10 centered by major axis, to rotate, on two eye bolt 2-1-10, all install hand wheel nut 2-1-09, when not using, make eye bolt 2-1-10 turn to the position parallel with the right flank of vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side, during use vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of right side main car frame body 2-2-04 and the left side is docking together, be that alignment pin is seated, eye bolt 2-2-10 being turned to the position vertical with the right flank of centre, left side vehicle frame 2-2-01 just is stuck in the groove of the last design of right side main car frame body 2-2-04 again, tighten hand wheel nut 2-1-09, the right flank that makes vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side with can use tight connection of left surface of right side main car frame body 2-2-04.Convenient and simple for connection, the reliability height.The below of vehicle frame 2-2-03 is provided with support 2-1-16 behind described left front support body 2-2-02 and the left side, is used for supporting, and vehicle frame 2-2-03 top is provided with handle 2-1-15 behind described left front support body 2-2-02 and the left side.
Described left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02 has two groups, as shown in Figure 3, is installed in the rear end of vehicle frame 2-2-03 behind the front end of left front support body 2-2-02 and the left side respectively; The wheel surface of left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02 adopts the insulation materials high-molecular polythene to make the wheel body surface insulation; Two angular contact ball bearings are adopted in the wheel structure inside of left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02, guarantee the positioning accuracy of wheel.
Described left side spacing reference wheel assembly 1-2-03 corresponding left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02 respectively has two, and it mainly acts on is to guarantee after car body is placed on the rail track, determines gauge measurement basic point.As shown in Figure 4, left side spacing reference wheel assembly is installed on the lower left of left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02, and main body is made up of structures such as a levorotation wheel seat, left side spacing reference wheel, bearing, axles.Spacing reference wheel surface, left side uses insulation materials to make, and makes the surface insulation of left side spacing reference wheel 1-2-03.
Described left side tension assembly 1-2-04, corresponding left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02 has two respectively, and it mainly acts on is to guarantee after car body is positioned on the rail track, guarantees that left side spacing reference wheel 1-2-03 closely contacts with the inner surface of corresponding left side rail.As shown in Figure 5, described left side tension assembly 1-2-04 is installed on the lower right of left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02, and main body contains handle by a B-mode gangbar 5-03(), spring structure 5-02, regulating wheel 5-01 form.The upper left quarter of B-mode gangbar 5-03 is handle, right lower quadrant connects regulating wheel 5-01, upper right quarter laterally connects spring structure 5-02, can drive regulating wheel 5-01 rightabout during handle on rotating B-mode gangbar 5-03 rotates, when touching rail and the rail surface is formed pressure rear spring structure 5-02, regulating wheel 5-01 can make B-mode gangbar 5-03 integral body traversing left, make regulating wheel 5-01 keep the pressure to the rail surface, thereby realize clamping the purpose of rail.In use, handle on the B-mode gangbar 5-03 is turned to the position vertical with the left-hand face of left front support body 2-2-02, regulating wheel 5-03 is cooperated with left side spacing reference wheel rail is clamped between the two-wheeled (regulating wheel 5-01 and left side spacing reference wheel 1-2-03) closely.
Described left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05 mainly is a functional unit for the convex-concave state of measuring the rail between the spacing reference wheel 1-2-03 of former and later two left sides, left side.As shown in Figure 6, described left side spacing detecting unit is installed in the centre position, left side of vehicle frame 2-2-01 in the middle of the left side.Left side spacing detecting unit mainly is made up of displacement transducer 6-03, gangbar 6-01, meter wheel 6-02, spring 6-04, manual components 6-05; This element is installed in the left end middle part of the middle vehicle frame 2-2-01 in left side, gangbar 6-01's meter wheel 6-02 has connected, three parts of spring 6-04, displacement transducer 6-03, make when meter wheel 6-02 is subjected to displacement conversion gangbar 6-01 drive spring 6-04 and displacement transducer 6-03 is subjected to displacement, at this moment, displacement transducer 6-03 just can measure the size of meter wheel displacement by measuring, spring 6-04 can provide a power opposite with direction of displacement simultaneously, and maintenance meter wheel 6-02 can the return to primitive age position when not stressing.During work meter wheel 6-02 along with the convex-concave state difference of rail left and right displacement, the left and right displacement of meter wheel 6-02 drives gangbar 6-01 left and right displacement again, the displacement transducer 6-03 that is connected with gangbar 6-01 catches displacement signal, thereby measures the convex-concave state of rail.The major function of the 6-05 manual components of left side spacing detecting unit is to adjust the duty of left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05.
Described mileage detecting unit 1-1-06 is installed on the wheel shaft of left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02; As shown in Figure 7, the mileage detecting unit is made up of an encoder 7-01, can measure the rotary state of horizontal wheels by the electronic signal of received code device 7-01, and what have rotated, thereby can calculate the mileage number of horizontal wheels walking.
Described right side horizontal wheels assembly 1-2-07 is installed in the inside of right side wheel seat 2-2-12, and as shown in Figure 8, primary structure is identical with left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02.
Described right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08 is installed in the right side and prolongs frame 2-2-11 right-hand member, as shown in Figure 9, primary structure is identical with left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05 with principle, be to cooperate left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05 to measure the concavo-convex state of right side rail about main, thereby measure the gauge of two one steel rails.
Described height detecting unit 1-3-09 has two, and as shown in figure 10, each is by metal electrolevel cover 10-01 and be installed in the interior electrolevel 10-02 composition of this cover.Two height detecting units, one is installed in the left side of the middle vehicle frame 2-2-01 in left side by the position of top, is used for detecting the state that tilts forward and back of measuring two rail between the horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02 of left side; Another is installed in the main car frame body 2-2-04 of right side, is used for detecting the heeling condition of measuring between left side and right side two one steel rails.
Described trolley pole 1-3-10 is installed in the left upper portion of right side main car frame body 2-2-04, shown in Figure 11-1, Figure 11-2, mainly is made up of several parts such as push rod 11-01, connector 11-02, computer bracket 11-03, height adjuster 11-04.The main effect of described trolley pole 1-3-10 is the handling that makes things convenient for the people in use, allows the people directly push away dolly and moves ahead, and controls each sensor image data by computation simultaneously.
Described prism table 1-2-11 is installed in the position of keeping right in the middle of the top of right side main car frame body 2-2-04, and shown in Figure 12-1, Figure 12-2, primary structure is made up of backstay 12-02, pedestal 12-01, prism table 12-03 three parts.The major function of pedestal 12-01 is to connect backstay 12-02 and car body, backstay 12-02 and prism table 12-03 cooperate install can high-precision resetting prism table the position.When in use, prism is installed on the prism table, can measure the coordinate of the prism location of installing on the track detection car by total powerstation to the measurement of prism, thereby can obtain the various parameters of corresponding rail by calculating.
Track external morphology certainty of measurement effectively improves, and by experiment, native system is better than similar products at home and abroad for the certainty of measurement of track inner geometry form; Measurement efficient is improved significantly.
Use railroad track geometric shape detector of the present invention and can realize measuring the static geometric shape of railway track.The static geometric shape of railway track is measured and is mainly comprised following content:
Gauge: the beeline in the same track cross section between the rail 2 gauge points of the left and right sides, and the distance between the inboard 16mm of the following rail of the actual rail surface place wheel track contact point, as shown in figure 13, it is 1435mm that China's newly built railway gauge unification is defined as gauge a.Realize the measurement of gauge among the present invention by left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05, right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08.
Level: the difference in height of rail surface place, left and right sides horizontal plane, i.e. right rail top elevation h on the same track cross section
RightWith left rail top depth displacement h
A left sideBetween depth displacement Δ h, as shown in figure 14, do not contain the superelevation that arranges on the circular curve and relax superelevation slope amount on the curve.
Superelevation b: curve location outer rail end face and interior tread face design level height poor, as shown in figure 15.
Rail surface spacing benchmark is m=1500mm about when level (superelevation) is calculated.
Rail is to c: the inboard gauge point of rail departs from the deviation of gauge point mean place perpendicular to orbital direction.Divide left and right sides rail to two kinds.Rail is to being also referred to as direction, can be respectively by the space curve output of the positive resultant different wavelength range of different chord lengths, as shown in figure 16, be relative measurement 10m(or 20m) schematic diagram of string, wherein d is labeled as 10m(or 20m) string.The computational methods of 30m string such as Figure 17, the actual present position of arc representation rail of solid line wherein, straight dashed line is represented the rail design attitude, P1 ~ P49 is the position of the point of measurement, h25, h33 are the deviate of rail physical location and design attitude, and the 30m string is measured 8a at interval, wherein a is rail spacing, rail spacing be 0.625 o'clock be 5m.300m string computational methods as shown in figure 18, the arc representation rail physical location of solid line wherein, straight dashed line is represented the measurement category of 300m string, 1 ~ 720 is the survey mark position, the 300m string is measured 240a at interval, wherein a be rail spacing be 0.625 o'clock be 150m.
Wherein level, superelevation and rail calculate the respective value information that obtains to the locus coordinate correspondence of all ordering by total powerstation, prism group acquisition P by main control computer.
Height e: rail surface departs from the deviation of rail surface mean place perpendicular to orbital direction, and as shown in figure 19, height is two kinds about branch.Can press the space curve output of the positive resultant different wavelength range of different chord lengths respectively, wherein the corresponding expression of the mark f among Figure 19 10(20) Mi Xian.The data of middle orbit of the present invention height by about the height detecting unit 1-3-09 correspondence of two tracks export in the main control computer and obtain.
Gauge rate of change: be the difference ratio long with base with the long gauge measured value of 2.5m base.Actual how much irregularities of this project appraisal be rail to, the rail in the shorter scope of its key evaluation is to irregularity.The gauge rate of change directly influences wheel track contact, to the lateral vibration affects either of car body a little less than, influential to travel safety and comfortableness.
Horizontal rate of change: claim twist irregularity again.Be the difference ratio long with base with the long horizontal survey value of 2.5m base.Actual how much irregularities of this project appraisal are height, and being uneven in the shorter scope of its key evaluation is suitable.Horizontal rate of change directly influences tilting of car body, and is stronger to the lateral vibration affects either of car body, influential to travel safety and comfortableness.Gauge rate of change and horizontal rate of change are all by obtaining space coordinates acquisition after main control computer is handled that space P is ordered among the present invention.
Railroad track geometric shape detection method provided by the invention comprises following step:
Step 1, use total powerstation utilize railway known control point along the line to establish the station along the railway
Total powerstation is placed on the triangular base that sets up on the railway line, carries out leveling work, make the total powerstation body be in level; And the telescope crosshair aiming that makes total powerstation is placed in the prism center on the known control point, measure, by measuring going out the space coordinates of total powerstation body center present position and total powerstation telescope axle azimuthal process of living in apart from information calculations such as angles and being called total powerstation and establishing the station of gained.
What total powerstation was established the station use herein is that the station method is established in resection, and use the aiming of total powerstation telescope crosshair to measure the prism of laying on a plurality of known points, use obtain apart from relevant informations such as angles, calculate space coordinates and the total powerstation telescope axle institute azimuthal of total powerstation body center position; The quantity that is installed in the prism on the known point that need measure during measurement should not be less than 4, generally need to measure 8 control points at newly-built high-speed railway, obtain this moment apart from angle information more than calculating the needed master data of total powerstation body center's locational space coordinate, we claim that unnecessary survey data is redundant observation, can use least square adjustment to calculate the optimal value of the space coordinates of total powerstation present position this moment, and we are referred to as measurement adjustment this process.
Above total powerstation is established station and measurement adjustment process and can be used the airborne resection of total powerstation to establish the station program directly to use total powerstation to establish station and adjustment.Corresponding measuring method all belongs to known content, does not repeat them here.
Step 2, the present invention is placed on the railway track
In order to ensure certainty of measurement, track geometry form detector provided by the invention is put in being on the same rail line with total powerstation, and should be greater than 100m apart from the distance of total powerstation.
When putting, three horizontal wheels assemblies (two left side horizontal wheels assembly 1-3-02, right side horizontal wheels assembly 1-2-07) that should guarantee track geometry form detector all contact closely with the last end face of rail, and guarantee spacing detecting unit 1-1-05 and right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08 on the left of two left side spacing reference wheels of the present invention (among the spacing reference wheel assembly 1-2-03 of left side) and two the distance measurements wheel 6-02() closely contact with the rail medial surface.
Prism is placed in prism table of the present invention, and the glass dignity that makes prism is over against total powerstation.
Connect the present invention and main control computer: main control computer is installed on the computer bracket 11-03, use data wire to connect main control computer and the present invention, described left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05, right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08, height detecting unit 1-3-09 all are connected main control computer with mileage detecting unit 1-1-06, guarantee that all the sensors data in the present invention can be transferred on the main control computer, described main control computer can be chosen as notebook computer.
The center of step 3, the prism laid on total powerstation telescope central cross silk aiming is of the present invention
Use main control computer remote control total powerstation that the center of the prism laid in the present invention is measured, measure the 3 d space coordinate of the prism center of laying in the present invention, and will measure resulting coordinate data and radio to main control computer.
Meanwhile, main control computer by data wire to sensors all in the present invention (i.e. left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05, right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08, height detecting unit 1-3-09 and mileage detecting unit 1-1-06) send and measure instruction, order in the present invention all sensors current state of living in is measured (height detecting unit 1-3-09 measures heeling condition of the present invention, left side spacing detecting unit 1-1-05, right side spacing detecting unit 1-2-08 measures rail spacing variable condition, mileage detecting unit 1-1-06 measures mileage), and use main control computer read sensor measurement result.
The position relation of spatial data, each sensor measurement gained data and enorganic each parts of the present invention at step 4, the prism center of laying on according to the present invention uses main control computer to calculate gauge, level (superelevation) numerical value of the residing rail of the present invention.
Step 5, the present invention is pushed a sleeper pitch (sleeper of rail below and the distance between sleeper) towards the direction of total powerstation forward along rail, return step 3, repeated execution of steps 3 and step 4.
Step 6, when the present invention apart from the distance of total powerstation during less than 10m, stopping the present invention pushing no longer forward, total powerstation is packed up, (forward pitch is from should be identical with the control point spacing that the railway periphery is laid to push direction reach to the present invention, the control point spacing of laying as the railway periphery is that 60m/ is right, 60m then moves forward), return step 1, remeasure the data of next position.
After step 1 is finished, the present invention is pushed 10 sleeper pitches, repeating step 3, step 4, step 5 to the direction away from total powerstation along rail.
Step 7, after the rail measurement that needs are measured is finished, pack up the present invention, use main control computer to carry out data preparation to measuring the gained data, and the rail that calculates rail according to survey data to, just, data such as gauge rate of change, horizontal rate of change, and be organized into table, namely obtain measuring achievement.
The above embodiment is the preferred embodiment that proves absolutely that the present invention lifts, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.Being equal to that those skilled in the art do on basis of the present invention substitutes or conversion, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (8)
1. railroad track geometric shape detection method is characterized in that: comprise following step:
Step 1, utilize railway known control point along the line to carry out total powerstation on along the railway to establish the station;
Step 2, put track geometry form checkout equipment at railway track;
Step 3, the 3 d space coordinate that uses total station survey prism center and the geometric position data of track geometry form checkout equipment;
Step 4, according to described spatial data and geometric position data, obtain the railroad track geometric shape data of track geometry form checkout equipment present position;
Step 5, judge that track geometry form checkout equipment is apart from the distance of total powerstation during whether less than minimum spacing, if not, then the direction towards total powerstation pushes a sleeper pitch with track geometry form checkout equipment forward along rail, return step 3, measure the railroad track geometric shape data of next position; If, then stop to push forward, to pushing direction reach total powerstation, return step 1, all measurements in the rail length range that needs are measured are finished.
2. railroad track geometric shape detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: total powerstation is established the station and is specially in the described step 1: total powerstation is placed on the triangular base that sets up the railway line top, carry out leveling work, make the total powerstation body be in level, and the collimation telescope that makes total powerstation is placed in the prism center on the known control point, measure, by measure gained apart from the angle relevant information, and then calculate space coordinates and the total powerstation telescope axle institute azimuthal of total powerstation body center present position, finish total powerstation and establish the station.
3. railroad track geometric shape detection method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described total powerstation is established the station process and is used resection to establish the station method, the quantity that is installed in the prism on the known point that need measure when measuring should not be less than 4, carry out unnecessary observation, obtain apart from the angle relevant information more than calculating the needed master data of total powerstation body center's locational space coordinate, use least square adjustment to calculate the optimal value of the space coordinates of total powerstation present position, finish the measurement adjustment process.
4. railroad track geometric shape detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 2 middle orbit geometric shape checkout equipment is track geometry form detector, and this track geometry form detector and described total powerstation are furnished on same rail line;
Described track geometry form detector comprises that how much state measuring devices comprise car body, the corresponding left rail in the left side of described car body is provided with left side horizontal wheels assembly, left side spacing reference wheel assembly, left side tension assembly and left side spacing detecting unit, and the corresponding right rail in the right side of described car body is provided with right side horizontal wheels assembly, right side spacing detecting unit; The left and right sides of described car body also all is equipped with the height detecting unit; Described mileage detecting unit is installed on left side horizontal wheels assembly or the right side horizontal wheels assembly; Prism is installed by prism table in described car body top, and described left side spacing detecting unit, right side spacing detecting unit, height detecting unit all are connected main control computer with the mileage detecting unit; Described left side spacing detecting unit, right side spacing detecting unit, height detecting unit all are connected main control computer with the mileage detecting unit.
5. railroad track geometric shape detection method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described car body comprises in the middle of the left side that vehicle frame, right side main car frame body, right side prolong frame and right side wheel seat behind the vehicle frame, left front support body, left side; In the middle of the described left side fixedly connected with vehicle frame behind left front support body, the left side respectively in the rear and front end of vehicle frame; The right flank of described right side main car frame body prolongs frame with the right side in turn, the right side wheel seat is fixedlyed connected, and the right flank of vehicle frame is connected with the left surface of right side main car frame body in the middle of the described left side.
6. railroad track geometric shape detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the vehicle frame rear end all is equipped with left side horizontal wheels assembly behind the front end of described left front support body and the left side, each horizontal wheels assembly below, left side all is equipped with left side spacing reference wheel assembly and left side tension assembly, on the described middle vehicle frame left side spacing detecting unit is installed; Described right side horizontal wheels assembly is installed on wheel seat inside, right side, and right side spacing detecting unit is installed on the right side and prolongs on the frame; Two height detecting units are installed on the inside of the middle vehicle frame in left side, right side main car frame body respectively; Described prism table is installed in the top of right side main car frame body.
7. railroad track geometric shape detection method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described step 3 is specially: the prism center that arranges on the telescope central cross silk aiming track geometry form checkout equipment with total powerstation; Use main control computer remote control total powerstation that the 3 d space coordinate at prism center is measured; And measurement result returned to main control computer, main control computer sends for left side spacing detecting unit, right side spacing detecting unit, height detecting unit and mileage detecting unit by data wire and measures instruction simultaneously, measure heeling condition, the rail spacing variable condition of the track geometry form checkout equipment of current position, and use main control computer to read all measurement results.
8. railroad track geometric shape detection method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that described step 3 is specially: railroad track geometric shape data comprise gauge, level, the superelevation data of track in the described step 4.
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| CN2013101161631A CN103205920A (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | Method for detecting geometrical morphology of railway track |
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Application publication date: 20130717 |