CN103204069B - A kind of range extender of electric vehicle and control method - Google Patents
A kind of range extender of electric vehicle and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103204069B CN103204069B CN201310163186.8A CN201310163186A CN103204069B CN 103204069 B CN103204069 B CN 103204069B CN 201310163186 A CN201310163186 A CN 201310163186A CN 103204069 B CN103204069 B CN 103204069B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of range extender of electric vehicle and control method, be made up of driving engine, Engine ECU, electronic throttle controller, DC starter, engine speed sensor, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, three-phase fully-controlled rectifier, filter capacitor, voltage sample resistance, current sensor, flywheel diode and three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger.Driving engine drags AC permanent magnet synchronous motor generating output three plase alternating current and is pressed onto Thyristor Three-phase full-controlled rectifier device after being started by starter, the DC pulse moving voltage that rectifier exports is after two series filtering capacitor filterings, three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger gathers distance increasing unit output voltage and electric current obtains horsepower output, and according to the power closed loop control that power adjustment conduction angle realizes.Electronic throttle controller gathers engine speed, and adjustment throttle opening, realizes the closed loop control of engine speed.Range extender of electric vehicle disclosed by the invention and control method have the advantage that cost is low, control accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to a kind of electric vehicle engineering, refers in particular to a kind of range extender of electric vehicle and control method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the day by day exhausted of oil resources and people's improving constantly environmental requirement, electronlmobil is not owing to consuming petroleum.Cleanliness without any pollution just progressively becomes the developing direction in world car market.But be limited to the energy density of battery, charging rate and cost, the cost ratio ordinary internal combustion engine automobile of electronlmobil will exceed a lot, and continual mileage is also very limited, therefore the Consumer acceptance of electronlmobil is also very low, limits the development of electronlmobil to a great extent.
In order to solve the continual mileage problem caused by battery technology, the motorized that stroke-increasing electric automobile can take into account daily traveling as a kind of, the long continual mileage of zero emission requirement and long-range trip, and lower-cost vehicle, just progressively becomes the requirement focus of Ge great automobile vendor and research institution.
The mechanism of existing stroke-increasing electric automobile as shown in Figure 2, is formed primarily of distance increasing unit, electrokinetic cell and power drive system.The capacity of electrokinetic cell, generally much smaller than common electric automobile, can meet most daily travelled distance demands; Power drive system comprises main drive motor, main drive motor controller, and master drives the direct driving force source that motor constitutes vehicle traveling; When capacity of cell drops to certain value, distance increasing unit starts, for vehicle provides extra power source.
Existing distance increasing unit generally comprises driving engine, ISG (Integrate Starter & Generator automobile start power generation all-in-one machine) motor, ISG electric machine controller, Engine ECU (Electronic Control Unit electronic control unit) and distance increasing unit control unit.Driving engine is the power resources of distance increasing unit, generally selects low power spark ignition engine; ISG motor generally adopts three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, and namely this motor can work in electric motor mode, is responsible for the startup of driving engine, can works in generator mode again, is responsible for the generating of distance increasing unit; ISG electric machine controller primary responsibility is to the control of ISG motor, ISG electric machine controller can work in inverter mode, for the startup of control ISG motor drag driving engine, rectification mode can be worked in again, for the rectification of three-phase alternating voltage sent ISG motor; The same with traditional Engine ECU, the Engine ECU of distance increasing unit is responsible for the collection of each sensor signal of engine interior and the calculating of fuel charge, point of ignition etc.; Distance increasing unit control unit is mainly used in receiving entire car controller instruction, coordinates the work of Engine ECU and ISG electric machine controller.
During distance increasing unit work, entire car controller sends distance increasing unit actuation signal to distance increasing unit control unit, distance increasing unit control unit sends enabled instruction to Engine ECU and ISG electric machine controller, Engine ECU gathers the startup preparation that each sensor signal in driving engine carries out driving engine, now ISG electric machine controller works in inverter mode, ISG machine operation is in electric motor mode, ISG motor drag driving engine starts to certain rotation engines, after engine starting, ISG electric machine controller works in rectification mode, ISG machine operation is in generator mode, driving engine drags ISG motor, the three-phase alternating voltage that ISG motor sends is output dc voltage after the rectification of ISG electric machine controller and filtering process, be connected with the DC bus of car load, for car load provides extra electric energy.
There is following shortcoming in existing range extender of electric vehicle:
1, the switching of ISG motor often between electric motor mode and generator mode in hybrid vehicle is different from, distance increasing unit generally drops at the capacity of electric automobile power battery and to a certain degree starts afterwards, generator mode can be worked in after startup always, until this travels end or electrokinetic cell capacity reaches threshold limit value, except the moment started, only has little time service in electric motor mode.And for the startup of driving engine, need very high instantaneous torque and instantaneous power, this means that ISG electric machine controller must have sufficient VA (volt-ampere) capacity, so the cost of ISG electric machine controller certainly will be very high.As shown in Figure 3, the inverter circuit that it is made up of six full-control type power switch pipes (igbt (IGBT) or metal semiconductor oxide field-effect transistor (MOSFET)), power switch tube drives circuit, microcontroller treatment circuit, two or three Hall current sensors, rotating speed/position detecting circuit and Switching Power Supply, display, interface and communication circuits form the circuit structure of a common Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Controller.Circuits System is more complicated, accurate rotating speed/position transduser and the large power all-controlled type power switch pipe of high VA capacity requirement and the price of Hall current sensor all very expensive, this significantly increases integral vehicle cost.
2, the structure of ISG motor controller controls system as shown in Figure 4, namely presses rotor flux linkage orientation space vector PWM (Pulse Width Modulation pulse width modulation) control system.This control system is made up of rotating speed PI (Proportional Pntegral proportional, integral) regulating control, direct-axis current pi regulator, quadrature axis current pi regulator, two-phase rotating coordinate system-three-phase static coordinate system conversion (2r/3s conversion), three-phase static coordinate system-conversion of two-phase rotating coordinate system (3s/2r conversion), weak magnestat, space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) implementation algorithm usually.Algorithm flow is complicated and relate to more floating point arithmetic, and requirement of real-time is high, and system debug is complicated, has very high development difficulty.
3, common stroke-increasing electric automobile adopts distance increasing unit power limitation control algorithm or power model-following control algorithm, during electronlmobil work, due to the difference of road conditions, driving habit, and the factor of braking energy feedback, the power demand of car load changes greatly, the fluctuation of power demand can cause the fluctuation of DC bus-bar voltage, and usual this scope range of the fluctuation of voltage is 0.7
u n ~ 1.0
u n ,
u n for the rated voltage of DC bus.This exports to the constant power of distance increasing unit and brings very large challenge.The rectification mechanism of ISG electric machine controller inside is the uncontrollable rectification of diode, and horsepower output is realized by adjustment braking torque, is a kind of method for indirectly controlling, and the speed of response of horsepower output is slow, precision is lower.
4, engine speed adopts opened loop control, and the degree of cyclic irregularity of driving engine is comparatively large, causes driving engine can not remain on territory, efficacious workaround, causes the reduction of the fuel economy of car load further.
In view of the cost of existing range extender of electric vehicle is compared with the shortcoming such as high, development difficulty is large, fuel economy is poor, the range extender of electric vehicle that a kind of cost of market in urgent need is low, structure is simple, control effects is excellent.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of cost is low, structure is simple, control effects is excellent range extender of electric vehicle device and control method thereof, for solving the problem that existing range extender of electric vehicle cost is high, development difficulty is large, control effects is poor.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of range extender of electric vehicle, its structure comprises driving engine, Engine ECU, electronic throttle controller, DC starter, engine speed sensor, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, three-phase fully-controlled rectifier, filter capacitor, voltage sample resistance, current sensor, flywheel diode and three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger, it is characterized in that: DC starter is connected with 12V storage battery via contactless switch; Driving engine is connected with DC starter, driving engine EAC, electronic throttle controller, engine speed sensor, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, and electronic throttle controller is connected to engine speed sensor; AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected with the AC of three-phase fully-controlled rectifier; Three-phase fully-controlled rectifier is made up of six thyristor, its DC side two ends and filter capacitor, voltage sample resistance, and flywheel diode is in parallel; Filter capacitor is made up of the chemical capacitor of more than two; Voltage sample resistance is made up of more than two resistance; Three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is connected with voltage sample resistance, and is connected with filter capacitor by current sensor.Above-mentioned driving engine is the miniwatt spark ignition engine of 10KW ~ 30KW.
Above-mentioned driving engine is the miniwatt spark ignition engine of 10KW ~ 30KW.
Above-mentioned AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is three phase electric machine;
Above-mentioned AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected with driving engine by belt, gear, or is coaxially connected with driving engine;
Above-mentioned current sensor is Hall current sensor.
Above-mentioned flywheel diode is high-capacity schottky diode;
Above-mentioned filter capacitor is made up of the equal withstand voltage of two series connection, the chemical capacitor of equivalent capability.
Above-mentioned voltage sample resistance is made up of two resistance.
The present invention provides a kind of range extender of electric vehicle constant-power control method simultaneously, it is characterized in that: adopt based on the range extender structure of electromobile according to any one of claim 1-8, the system output voltage that the collection of three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is obtained by voltage sample electric resistance partial pressure and the system output current obtained by current sensor
i 1f, the output voltage of system and outgoing current
i 1fthe horsepower output of the system that obtains that is multiplied
p f, this horsepower output
p fwith setting power
p *difference as the input of power P I (proportional, integral) regulating control, the output of power P I regulator is the target output current of system
, current PI regulating control is according to system output current
i 1fwith the target output current exported by power P I regulator
between difference, the conduction angle of adjustment phase-shift trigger circuit, forms current control inner ring, realizes the closed loop control of system power, and then forms power control outer loop, and realize the power closed loop control of three-phase fully-controlled rectifier, namely distance increasing unit power is constant.
The present invention also provides a kind of range extender of electric vehicle constant speed control method, it is characterized in that, adopts based on the range extender structure of electromobile according to any one of claim 1-8, is gathered the tach signal of engine speed sensor output by electronic throttle
, according to tach signal and the setting speed determined by the horsepower output of distance increasing unit and the territory, efficacious workaround of driving engine
n *difference, carry out rotating speed PI adjustment, rotating speed pi regulator export throttle opening expected value
w *aperture actual in throttle gate
w fdifference carry out aperture adjustment as the input of throttle opening pi regulator, throttle opening pi regulator export throttle valve drive armature target current value
with actual current value
i 2fdifference as the input of current PI regulating control, the PWM(pulse width modulation that current PI regulating control exports) duty cycle signals is connected with throttle valve drive motor through overdrive circuit, realizes the adjustment of throttle opening, and then realize the constant of engine speed.
Specific works mode is:
Engine ECU receives the actuation signal sent by entire car controller, the aperture of electronic throttle controller adjustment throttle gate, by the DC starter be connected with 12V storage battery by engine starting, engine peed stable is before setting speed, and the conduction angle of three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is 90 °.
When distance increasing unit starts, drag engine starting distance increasing unit by the DC starter connecting 12V storage battery;
Drag AC permanent magnet synchronous motor output three plase alternating current after engine starting and be pressed onto three-phase fully-controlled rectifier;
Three-phase fully-controlled rectifier comprises six half control type thyristor, and six thyristor connect into three-phase fully-controlled type rectifying circuit.
The pulsating dc voltage of the output of three-phase fully-controlled rectifier carries out filtering process through filter capacitor;
The system output voltage that the collection of three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is obtained by two electric resistance partial pressures and the system output current collected by Hall current sensor, the horsepower output of system is obtained by voltage and current, and the conduction angle of binary pair is adjusted according to horsepower output, realize the constant power output of distance increasing unit;
The tach signal that the tachogen that electronic throttle controller gathers driving engine exports, realizes engine speed closed loop control.
Adopt the range extender of electric vehicle of said structure, its constant engine speed NE is in the constant rotational speed determined by the horsepower output of distance increasing unit and the territory, efficacious workaround of driving engine, and the power stage of distance increasing unit remains on the power points of setting.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Range extender of electric vehicle device provided by the invention, driving engine is started by traditional 12V DC starter, avoid the expensive ISG electric machine controller be made up of the full-control type power devices such as six igbts (IGBT) or metal semiconductor oxide field-effect transistor (MOSFET) and two or three Hall current sensors, accurate rotating speed/position transdusers, effectively reduce the hardware cost of system.
The three-phase fully-controlled rectification that the ac voltage signal that three-phase AC permanent magnet synchronous motor exports is formed via six thyristor, after the chemical capacitor filtering process of two equivalent capability and withstand voltage, output dc voltage, the system power signal that the collection of three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is exported by Hall current sensor and by the voltage signal after two electric resistance partial pressure process, form current closed-loop PI respectively to regulate and power P I closed loop adjustment, the constant power being realized distance increasing unit by the conduction angle controlling six thyristor is exported, its power control accuracy is greatly improved than the power control accuracy of existing ISG electric machine controller.
By the closed loop adjustment of electronic throttle to engine speed, when achieving distance increasing unit constant power output, engine speed is constant, constant engine remains on its efficient region, reduces the fuel efficiency reduction that engine speed frequent fluctuation causes, improves the fuel economy of car load.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is range extender of electric vehicle device schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is that existing range extended electric vehicle power system forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is common ISG electric machine controller hardware configuration schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 be ISG electric machine controller usually adopt by rotor flux linkage orientation vector control system schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is distance increasing unit constant power output control system schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is engine revolution speed control system schematic diagram provided by the invention;
System voltage and current relationship schematic diagram when Fig. 7 is distance increasing unit constant power output.
Detailed description of the invention
Range extender of electric vehicle provided by the invention and control method thereof are as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of range extender of electric vehicle, its hardware formation comprises driving engine, Engine ECU, electronic throttle controller, DC starter, engine speed sensor, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, three-phase fully-controlled rectifier, filter capacitor, voltage sample resistance, current sensor, flywheel diode and three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger.
According to the difference of vehicle configuration, driving engine is generally the miniwatt spark ignition engine of 10KW ~ 30KW;
Engine ECU is the same with the ECU of conventional truck, sends startup command by entire car controller, and driving engine is responsible for the signals such as ECU harvester oil pressure, water temperature, crank position and is calculated the information such as fuel charge, point of ignition, ensures the normal operation of combustion engine;
Electronic throttle controller is responsible for the adjustment to throttle opening, and it receives the engine target rotating speed that entire car controller sends, and carries out engine speed PI adjustment according to the difference of practical engine speeds and rotating speed of target, realizes the closed loop control of engine speed;
DC starter is the same with common automobile starter, is connected with 12V storage battery via contactless switch, and the control terminal of this contactless switch is by vehicle control unit controls, when entire car controller sends startup command, contactless switch closes, and driving engine is dragged to startup rotating speed by starter, completes engine starting;
AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is generally three phase electric machine, uses, dragged, be generally connected with driving engine by belt, gear, or be coaxially connected with driving engine by driving engine in range extender of electric vehicle provided by the invention as electrical generator;
Three-phase fully-controlled rectifier is made up of six thyristor, and AC connects the three-phase alternating voltage that AC permanent magnet synchronous motor sends, and DC side two ends are connected with filter capacitor;
The DC pulse moving voltage that filter capacitor is responsible for three-phase fully-controlled rectifier exports carries out filtering process.The chemical capacitor of the equal withstand voltage that filter capacitor adopts two to connect, equivalent capability is formed, and takes cascaded structure can solve the problem of single the withstand voltage deficiency of electric capacity, the system short-circuit simultaneously chemical capacitor puncture short also can being avoided to cause;
Voltage sample resistance is made up of through dividing potential drop two resistance, and the magnitude of voltage obtained after voltage division processing is generally 0 ~ 5V, therefore reasonably will select divider resistance according to the waving interval of system voltage;
Current sensor is Hall current sensor, and this sensor can realize the isolation of Acquisition Circuit and power circuit, has the advantage that sampling precision is high simultaneously;
Flywheel diode is high-capacity schottky diode, has short advantage reverse recovery time, for the resistance sense load of system provides counter-current passage;
Three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger provides trigging pulse for three phase controlled rectifier circuit, with other phase shift triggers unlike, here it is by the collection to system output voltage and electric current, the conduction angle of adjustment trigging pulse, realize the power closed loop control of rectifying circuit, and then realize the constant power output of distance increasing unit;
The given power of distance increasing unit issues three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger by entire car controller according to integrated vehicle control tactics, and common control policy comprises invariable power strategy and power follow-up strategy.When invariable power strategy and distance increasing unit work, its power constant exports, this magnitude of power is generally a certain magnitude of power jointly determined by the Effec-tive Function region of the working speed of distance increasing unit and driving engine, this value simultaneously outline is less than or equal to the specified charge power of electrokinetic cell, and when vehicle braking energy feedback, this value will be suitable according to the power of braking energy feedback reduction, to avoid the excessive damage that causes electrokinetic cell of charge power or the lost of life; The horsepower output of power follow-up strategy and distance increasing unit followed by the power pulses output of car load, employing power follow-up strategy can reduce the infringement that frequent discharge and recharge causes electrokinetic cell, but because car load traffic coverage power pulses scope is larger, car load power demand computation model is complicated, is difficult to obtain good control effects.
When according to the control policy of car load, entire car controller requires that distance increasing unit starts, first startup command is sent to Engine ECU, electronic throttle controller and three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger, now throttle gate is adjusted to and starts aperture, three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger the conduction angle of three-phase full-controlled rectifier bridge is set to 90 ° by electronic throttle controller, and by the adhesive of starter contactless switch, being dragged to of driving engine starts after rotating speed by starter, completes the startup of driving engine.After engine peed stable to setting speed, three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger starts starting power closed loop control.
In distance increasing unit working process, because the car load demand power of electronlmobil constantly changes, cause the fluctuation of DC bus-bar voltage, usual this scope range of the fluctuation of voltage is 0.7
u n ~ 1.0
u n ,
u n for the rated voltage of DC bus, this voltage fluctuation causes and makes three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger only have the angle of flow by constantly adjusting three-phase full-controlled rectifier bridge that distance increasing unit horsepower output just can be made constant.
The structure of three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger power closed loop control system as shown in Figure 5, the system output voltage that the collection of three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is obtained by voltage sample electric resistance partial pressure and the system output current obtained by current sensor
i 1f, the output voltage of system and outgoing current
i 1fthe horsepower output of the system that obtains that is multiplied
p f, this horsepower output
p fwith setting power
p *difference as the input of power P I regulator, the output of power P I regulator is the target output current of system
, current PI regulating control is according to system output current
i 1fwith the target current value exported by power P I regulator
between difference, the conduction angle of adjustment phase-shift trigger circuit, forms current control inner ring, realizes the closed loop control of system power, also constitute power control outer loop simultaneously, realize the power closed loop control of three-phase fully-controlled rectifier.
This power closed loop is when car load DC bus fluctuates in essence, by adjusting the conduction angle of three phase controlled rectifier circuit, and then the output voltage U of adjustment distance increasing unit
out, the outgoing current I of the adjustment distance increasing unit of a nearlyer step
out, thus reach the constant object of horsepower output.Distance increasing unit output voltage U
out, electric current I
outand relation between power as shown in Figure 7.
The working speed of driving engine issues electronic throttle controller by entire car controller according to system configuration, and electronic throttle controller gathers the rotating speed of driving engine, and the aperture of adjustment throttle gate, realizes the closed loop control to engine speed.Here working speed n is by the nominal voltage of electrokinetic cell
u c , permagnetic synchronous motor back electromotive-force constant
e r and the economical operation rotating speed interval of driving engine determines.Generally get
, and answer appropriate design
u c with
e r make
nbe positioned at the economical operation rotary speed area of driving engine.
During engine operation, due to the external interference such as fluctuation and car load vibration of load, easily cause the fluctuation of rotating speed.The fluctuation of rotating speed makes driving engine often work in transient process, causes the reduction of engine efficiency.In order to overcome the degree of cyclic irregularity of driving engine, take engine speed closed loop control, Control system architecture as shown in Figure 6.Electronic throttle gathers the tach signal that engine speed sensor exports
, according to tach signal and the setting speed determined by the horsepower output of distance increasing unit and the territory, efficacious workaround of driving engine
n *difference, carry out rotating speed PI (proportional, integral) regulate, rotating speed pi regulator export throttle opening expected value
w *aperture actual in throttle gate
w fdifference carry out aperture adjustment as the input of throttle opening pi regulator, throttle opening pi regulator export throttle valve drive armature target current value
with actual current value
i 2fdifference as the input of current PI regulating control, the PWM duty cycle signals that current PI regulating control exports is connected with throttle valve drive motor through overdrive circuit, realizes the adjustment of throttle opening, and then realizes the constant of engine speed.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a range extender of electric vehicle, its structure comprises driving engine, Engine ECU, electronic throttle controller, DC starter, engine speed sensor, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, three-phase fully-controlled rectifier, filter capacitor, voltage sample resistance, current sensor, flywheel diode and three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger, it is characterized in that: DC starter is connected with 12V storage battery via contactless switch; Driving engine is connected with DC starter, driving engine EAC, electronic throttle controller, engine speed sensor, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, and electronic throttle controller is connected to engine speed sensor; AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected with the AC of three-phase fully-controlled rectifier; Three-phase fully-controlled rectifier is made up of six thyristor, its DC side two ends and filter capacitor, voltage sample resistance, and flywheel diode is in parallel; Filter capacitor is made up of the chemical capacitor of more than two; Voltage sample resistance is made up of more than two resistance; Three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is connected with voltage sample resistance, and is connected with filter capacitor by current sensor.
2. a kind of range extender of electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described driving engine is the miniwatt spark ignition engine of 10KW ~ 30KW.
3. a kind of range extender of electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is three phase electric machine.
4. a kind of range extender of electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected with driving engine by belt, gear, or is coaxially connected with driving engine.
5. a kind of range extender of electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described current sensor is Hall current sensor.
6. a kind of range extender of electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described flywheel diode is high-capacity schottky diode.
7. a kind of range extender of electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described filter capacitor is made up of the equal withstand voltage of two series connection, the chemical capacitor of equivalent capability.
8. a kind of range extender of electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described voltage sample resistance is made up of two resistance.
9. a range extender of electric vehicle constant-power control method, it is characterized in that: adopt based on the range extender structure of electromobile according to any one of claim 1-8, the system output voltage that the collection of three-phase fully-controlled rectifying and pressure-regulating phase shift trigger is obtained by voltage sample electric resistance partial pressure and the system output current obtained by current sensor
i 1f, the output voltage of system and outgoing current
i 1fthe horsepower output of the system that obtains that is multiplied
p f, this horsepower output
p fwith setting power
p *difference as the input of power P I (proportional, integral) regulating control, the output of power P I regulator is the target output current of system
, current PI regulating control is according to system output current
i 1fwith the target output current exported by power P I regulator
between difference, the conduction angle of adjustment phase-shift trigger circuit, forms current control inner ring, realizes the closed loop control of system power, and then forms power control outer loop, and realize the power closed loop control of three-phase fully-controlled rectifier, namely distance increasing unit power is constant.
10. a range extender of electric vehicle constant speed control method, is characterized in that, adopts based on the range extender structure of electromobile according to any one of claim 1-8, is gathered the tach signal of engine speed sensor output by electronic throttle
, according to tach signal and the setting speed determined by the horsepower output of distance increasing unit and the territory, efficacious workaround of driving engine
n *difference, carry out rotating speed PI adjustment, rotating speed pi regulator export throttle opening expected value
w *aperture actual in throttle gate
w fdifference carry out aperture adjustment as the input of throttle opening pi regulator, throttle opening pi regulator export throttle valve drive armature target current value
with actual current value
i 2fdifference as the input of current PI regulating control, the PWM(pulse width modulation that current PI regulating control exports) duty cycle signals is connected with throttle valve drive motor through overdrive circuit, realizes the adjustment of throttle opening, and then realize the constant of engine speed.
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| CN103501127B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-07-06 | 湖南开启时代电子信息技术有限公司 | IGCT forces phase-change switch reluctance motor power conversion circuit |
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