CN103203177A - Application of multi-section composition pollutant removing technology in novel coal powder industrial boilers - Google Patents
Application of multi-section composition pollutant removing technology in novel coal powder industrial boilers Download PDFInfo
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- CN103203177A CN103203177A CN2013100911715A CN201310091171A CN103203177A CN 103203177 A CN103203177 A CN 103203177A CN 2013100911715 A CN2013100911715 A CN 2013100911715A CN 201310091171 A CN201310091171 A CN 201310091171A CN 103203177 A CN103203177 A CN 103203177A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the technology for removing pollutants in coal powder burning, in particular to application of multi-section composition pollutant removing technology in novel coal powder industrial boilers. The application includes steps of reducing sulfur content and ash content of fuel coal by washing raw coal, burning by low-nitrogen cyclone burner, realizing low-nitrogen combustion of coal powder, completing efficient dust extraction after burning by adopting cloth bag dust extraction technology, desulfurizing smoke, and desulfurizing tail smoke by the smoke desulfurizing technology after a cloth bag deduster. Pollutant removal technologies before, during and after burning are combined to use, and since the multi-section composition pollutant removing technology is adopted from raw coal to tail smoke purifying, high smoke and sulfur dioxide removal efficiency is realized on the premise of low burden of the single technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pollutant removing technology in a kind of coal dust firing, particularly relate to a kind of multistage combination of pollutants and remove the application of technology in the new coal powder Industrial Boiler.
Background technology
Coal-burned industrial boiler is the main heat energy equipment of China, and according to statistics, by 2010, sum reached 60.12 ten thousand, and total capacity reaches 3,480,000 and steams ton, nearly 700,000,000 tons in year consumption coal.Pollution that caused by coal burning thing discharge capacity is big, being only second to coal fired power generation, is the main emission source of cities and towns atmosphere pollution, mainly is being chain furnace with coal-burned industrial boiler at present, account for more than 85%, also have chain furnaces such as a small amount of reciprocal grate, fixed grate, circulating fluidized bed boiler to adopt the broken coal burning in addition, granularity is inhomogeneous, the coefficient of excess air height, the bulky grain burning is not thorough, residual ash content height, boiler hot is renderd a service lower, and flue gas pollutant is difficult to up to standard.
In recent years, overwhelming majority chain industry boiler has been equipped with wet scrubber, multicyclone or single tube cyclone dust collectors, the dust emission situation makes moderate progress, but the pollution to regional area is also very serious, particularly north of china in winter heating, the pollution of pellet is extremely serious, demands urgently administering and improving.Rough estimates, the annual discharging of coal-burned industrial boiler dust total amount is more than 100,000 tons.SO
2Be the coal-burned industrial boiler major pollutants discharged.Be control SO
2A large amount of dischargings, the part Industrial Boiler is supporting in recent years tail flue gas desulphurization plant, but because layout is disperseed problem such as amount of capacity does not wait, the management and monitoring difficulty is big, the SO of coal-burned industrial boiler
2Discharging still is the main source of atmosphere pollution.Estimation China coal-burned industrial boiler every year is to the SO of airborne release
2Reach more than 1,000 ten thousand tons.
Nitrogen oxide is one of coal fire discharged pollutant, accounts for more than 60% of China NOx total emission volumn, and wherein coal-burned industrial boiler discharges about 2,500,000 tons.According to present discharge control level, will reach 2363-2,914 ten thousand tons to the year two thousand twenty China nitrogen oxide emission, will become the first in the world discharged nitrous oxides state above the U.S., therefore, the problem of control discharged nitrous oxides has been very urgent.With respect to coal-fired power station boiler, industrial boilers in China is based on medium small boiler, and quantity is many, distribution is wide, is important NOx emission source, occupies critical role in NOx control.Existing mainly is that burning optimization and flue gas post processing reduce the NOx technology to the NOx control technology, wherein the burning optimization technology comprises low excess air burning, air classification burning, fuel-staged combustion, combustion technology and flue gas recirculation etc. again, this type of low NOx combusting technology is used more in station boiler, belongs to blank in Industrial Boiler substantially.
At present, the comparatively serious main cause of the coal-fired chain industry boiler disposal of pollutants of China is:
(1) can not effectively control the bunker coal quality and variety, the area that has only " low-sulfur " as the control index, ignore chain-grate boiler to the control of key indexs such as bunker coal volatile matter, granularity, reduced operational efficiency, increased pollutant emission.
(2) smoke dust discharge concentration can not effectively be controlled and reduce to existing most dedusting technologies and equipment.
(3) chain-grate boiler is the broken coal layer combustion, and NOx is generated and discharges does not have control device substantially.
(4) for the coal-burned industrial boiler (less than 20 tons/hour) of middle low capacity, the general simple and easy tail gas desulfur technology of adapted and equipment, operational reliability is relatively poor, and average desulfurization degree is lower.Desuifurized often have a secondary pollution problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, and purpose provides and a kind ofly can realize dust, SO
2, NOx unites the technological system that removes and control, and changes the situation that traditional coal-burned industrial boiler disposal of pollutants is serious, be difficult to administer.
Multistage combination of pollutants of the present invention removes the application of technology in the new coal powder Industrial Boiler, finishes according to following steps:
The quality observing and controlling of first section-feed coal and washing:
Feed coal is carried out the parametric measurement of ash content, sulphur content and volatile matter, to sulfur-bearing in the feed coal greater than 1%, ash content reduces sulphur content and the ash content of bunker coal greater than 15% feed coal by the method for washing, chooses that bunker coal ash content after the washing is not more than 10%, sulphur content is not more than 0.5%; Can not effectively to control the bunker coal quality and variety different with chain-grate boiler like this, and the employed bunker coal of industrial coal powder boiler must pass through professional preparation, abrasive dust and tank car transmission ﹠ distribution, and therefore quality-monitoring and the control for bunker coal provides exploitativeness.
Second section-bunker coal cooperates and abrasive dust:
Bunker coal after the washing is carried out parametric measurement, and wherein basic anhydride and sulfur content mol ratio can be added an amount of calcium oxide less than 2 o'clock in coal combustion, made between the ratio 1:2-1:3 of basic anhydride and sulphur.
Desulfurization in the 3rd section-low nitrogen burning and the burning:
Select for use low nitrogen turbulent burner of the prior art to burn, by three grades of air feeds, control combustion zone maximum temperature is no more than 1050 ℃, reduces the formation of nitrogen oxide in the burning, simultaneously the SO that produces in the basic anhydride in the coal dust and the coal combustion burning
2In the suspension flow process, react, with SO
2Be solidificated in the coal ash.
The 4th section-sack cleaner dedusting and desulfurization:
Adopt dust settling pocket technique, finish the high-effective dust-removing to the back flue gas that burns, in dust removal process, when flue gas penetrates grieshoch, SO wherein
2React with the basic anhydride in the dust, realize flue gas desulfurization, when the cloth bag gas-flow resistance reaches 1.5-2.5KPa scope, the sack cleaner blowback.
The 5th section-the tail flue gas desulfurization:
Behind sack cleaner, adopt flue gas desulfurization technique, carry out the tail flue gas desulfurization.
Flue gas desulfurization technique can adopt a kind of in two alkaline process, lime stone, gypsum method or the semidry method in described the 5th section.
The 5th segment trailer flue gas desulfurization waste slag is mixed with the 4th section flyash that sack cleaner removes, and realize comprehensive utilization as the raw material of producing construction material.
Compared with prior art beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention with burning of coal before, in the burning, burning after stain thing removes technology and carries out Combination application, owing to taked to begin to the multistage pollutant removing technology of tail flue gas purification from feed coal, thereby make under the less prerequisite of single technology burden, obtain flue dust, the sulfur dioxide removal rate of greater efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet that multistage combination of pollutants of the present invention removes the application of technology in the new coal powder Industrial Boiler.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Multistage combination of pollutants of the present invention removes the application of technology in the new coal powder Industrial Boiler, finishes according to following steps:
The quality observing and controlling of first section-feed coal and washing:
Feed coal is carried out the parametric measurement of ash content, sulphur content and volatile matter, to sulfur-bearing in the feed coal greater than 1%, ash content reduces sulphur content and the ash content of bunker coal greater than 15% feed coal by the method for washing, chooses that bunker coal ash content after the washing is not more than 10%, sulphur content is not more than 0.5%; Can not effectively to control the bunker coal quality and variety different with chain-grate boiler like this, and the employed bunker coal of industrial coal powder boiler must pass through professional preparation, abrasive dust and tank car transmission ﹠ distribution, and therefore quality-monitoring and the control for bunker coal provides exploitativeness.
Second section-bunker coal cooperates and abrasive dust:
Bunker coal after the washing is carried out parametric measurement, and wherein basic anhydride and sulfur content mol ratio can be added an amount of calcium oxide less than 2 o'clock in coal combustion, made between the ratio 1:2-1:3 of basic anhydride and sulphur.
Desulfurization in the 3rd section-low nitrogen burning and the burning:
Select for use low nitrogen turbulent burner of the prior art to burn, by three grades of air feeds, control combustion zone maximum temperature is no more than 1050 ℃, reduces the formation of nitrogen oxide in the burning, simultaneously the SO that produces in the basic anhydride in the coal dust and the coal combustion burning
2In the suspension flow process, react, with SO
2Be solidificated in the coal ash.
The 4th section-sack cleaner dedusting and desulfurization:
Adopt dust settling pocket technique, finish the high-effective dust-removing to the back flue gas that burns, in dust removal process, when flue gas penetrates grieshoch, SO wherein
2React with the basic anhydride in the dust, realize flue gas desulfurization, when the cloth bag gas-flow resistance reaches 1.5-2.5KPa scope, the sack cleaner blowback.
The 5th section-the tail flue gas desulfurization:
Behind sack cleaner, adopt flue gas desulfurization technique, carry out the tail flue gas desulfurization, flue gas desulfurization technique can adopt a kind of in two alkaline process, lime stone, gypsum method or the semidry method.
The 5th segment trailer flue gas desulfurization waste slag is mixed with the 4th section flyash that sack cleaner removes, and realize comprehensive utilization as the raw material of producing construction material.
The present invention with burning of coal before, in the burning, burning after stain thing removes technology and carries out Combination application, concrete segmentation desulfurization, efficiency of dust collection are as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, take a sample respectively at A point and B point, the ash content before and after the feed coal washing is A0, A1, and sulphur content is S0, S1, and washing cleaned coal yield is X1, and then washing deliming rate is:
TA1=(1-(X1 * A1)/A0) * 100% (formula 1)
The washing desulfurization degree is: TS1=(1-(X1 * S1)/S0) * 100% (formula 2)
In the sampling of C point, can detect the sulphur content that obtains into the stove coal dust is S2, and recording sulfur in smoke concentration at the D point is S3(mg/NM
3), to calculate and detect coefficient of excess air in conjunction with burning, the flue gas volume that can calculate behind the 1t coal combustion is V(NM
3), thus, aflame desulfurization degree is:
TS2=(1-(V * S3)/(S2 * 10
9* 2)) * 100% (formula 3)
The desulfurization degree that accounts for the feed coal total sulfur is:
ZTS2=TS2 * (1-TS1) (formula 4)
Recording dust in flue gas concentration respectively at D point, E point is A2, A3(mg/NM
3), recording sulfur dioxide in flue gas concentration in the E point in addition is S4(mg/NM
3), so the sack cleaner efficiency of dust collection is:
TA2=(1-(A3/A2)) * 100% (formula 5)
The sack cleaner desulfurization degree is:
TS3=1-(S4/S3) * 100% (formula 6)
The desulfurization degree that accounts for the feed coal total sulfur is:
ZTS3=TS3 * (1-ZTS2-TS1) (formula 7)
To record sulfur dioxide in flue gas concentration be S5(mg/NM to the F point in Fig. 1
3), so the desulfurization degree of tail flue gas desulfurization is:
TS4=(1-(S5/S4)) * 100% (formula 8)
The desulfurization degree that accounts for the feed coal total sulfur is:
ZTS4=TS4 * (1-ZTS3-ZTS2-TS1) (formula 9)
This multistage combination of pollutants removes total desulfurization degree of technology:
ZTS=TS1+ZTS2+ZTS3+ZTS4 (formula 10)
Total dedusting (ash) rate of this technology is (not adding the sulphur-fixing agent situation):
ZTA=TA1+ TA2 * (1-TA1) (formula 11)
Comprehensively above-mentioned, owing to taked to begin to the multistage pollutant removing technology of tail flue gas purification from feed coal, thereby make under the less prerequisite of single technology burden, obtain flue dust, the sulfur dioxide removal rate of greater efficiency, the dust content control of finally discharging fume of this technology is not more than 30mg/m
3, the dedusting gross efficiency reaches more than 99.9%; Sulfur dioxide concentration is not more than 50mg/m
3, desulfurization general efficiency reaches more than 95%, owing to taked low NO, the control of smoke evacuation NOx concentration is not more than 250mg/m
3
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a multistage combination of pollutants removes the application of technology in the new coal powder Industrial Boiler, it is characterized in that: finish according to following steps:
The quality observing and controlling of first section-feed coal and washing:
Feed coal is carried out the parametric measurement of ash content, sulphur content and volatile matter, to sulfur-bearing in the feed coal greater than 1%, ash content reduces sulphur content and the ash content of bunker coal greater than 15% feed coal by the method for washing, chooses that bunker coal ash content after the washing is not more than 10%, sulphur content is not more than 0.5%;
Second section-bunker coal cooperates and abrasive dust:
Bunker coal after the washing is carried out parametric measurement, and wherein basic anhydride and sulfur content mol ratio can be added an amount of calcium oxide less than 2 o'clock in coal combustion, made between the ratio 1:2-1:3 of basic anhydride and sulphur;
Desulfurization in the 3rd section-low nitrogen burning and the burning:
Select for use low nitrogen turbulent burner to burn, by three grades of air feeds, control combustion zone maximum temperature is no more than 1050 ℃, reduces the formation of nitrogen oxide in the burning, simultaneously the SO that produces in the basic anhydride in the coal dust and the coal combustion burning
2In the suspension flow process, react, with SO
2Be solidificated in the coal ash;
The 4th section-sack cleaner dedusting and desulfurization:
Adopt dust settling pocket technique, finish the high-effective dust-removing to the back flue gas that burns, in dust removal process, when flue gas penetrates grieshoch, SO wherein
2React with the basic anhydride in the dust, realize flue gas desulfurization, when the cloth bag gas-flow resistance reaches 1.5-2.5KPa scope, the sack cleaner blowback;
The 5th section-the tail flue gas desulfurization:
Behind sack cleaner, adopt flue gas desulfurization technique, carry out the tail flue gas desulfurization.
2. multistage combination of pollutants as claimed in claim 1 removes the application of technology in the new coal powder Industrial Boiler, it is characterized in that: flue gas desulfurization technique can adopt a kind of in two alkaline process, lime stone, gypsum method or the semidry method in described the 5th section.
3. multistage combination of pollutants as claimed in claim 1 removes the application of technology in the new coal powder Industrial Boiler, it is characterized in that: the 5th segment trailer flue gas desulfurization waste slag is mixed with the 4th section flyash that sack cleaner removes, and realize comprehensive utilization as the raw material of producing construction material.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110645567A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-03 | 辽宁绿源能源环保科技集团有限责任公司 | Pulverized coal boiler structure and pulverized coal combustion method |
| CN112662445A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-16 | 中船重工（上海）新能源有限公司 | Method for mixing and burning chicken manure and rice hull in biomass boiler |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110645567A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-03 | 辽宁绿源能源环保科技集团有限责任公司 | Pulverized coal boiler structure and pulverized coal combustion method |
| CN112662445A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-16 | 中船重工（上海）新能源有限公司 | Method for mixing and burning chicken manure and rice hull in biomass boiler |
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Application publication date: 20130717 |