CN103200248A - Electric-power parameter monitoring communication method based on embedded system - Google Patents
Electric-power parameter monitoring communication method based on embedded system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103200248A CN103200248A CN2013100994101A CN201310099410A CN103200248A CN 103200248 A CN103200248 A CN 103200248A CN 2013100994101 A CN2013100994101 A CN 2013100994101A CN 201310099410 A CN201310099410 A CN 201310099410A CN 103200248 A CN103200248 A CN 103200248A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric-power parameter monitoring communication method based on an embedded system and relates to a communication method. The electric-power parameter monitoring communication method based on the embedded system solves the problems that a wireless communication network adopted by an existing power monitoring system is often limited in a self-organizing network, operating power is high and cost is high. The electric-power parameter monitoring communication method is realized based on the embedded operation system Contiki and an electric-power parameter monitoring wireless sensor network. The method comprises the steps of distributing IP addresses for each routing node, each access node and each terminal node, carrying out data transmission among the terminal node, the routing node and the access node by means of the communication protocol 6LoWPAN, carrying out data transmission on the terminal node in the control process of electric-power monitoring parameters by means of the I2C bus protocol, carrying out data transmission on each node in a control process of wireless communication by means of the communication protocol SPI, and carrying out data transmission between the access node and a data management center by means of the communication protocol UART. The electric-power parameter monitoring communication method based on the embedded system is applied to an electric-power system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of communication means, particularly a kind of communication means of monitoring based on the parameters of electric power of embedded system.
Background technology
The supervision of electric power and reducing energy consumption at first need to monitor power information, thereby understand energy operating position.Therefore, how to carry out power information collection, processing, and realize that user's on-line monitoring and statistics are the keys of electric power monitoring.
Along with development of internet technology, become a kind of new information obtaining means based on the distributed information acquisition system of cable network.But the present cost height that have comprehensive wiring of wire transmission technology in the electric power monitoring network, quantities is big, existing building is carried out comprehensive wiring also have problems such as destroying the current present situation of building.
For satisfying the demand of potential application market, a large amount of research-and-development activitys is being done by many enterprises aspect the power monitoring system wireless application.What yet general radio communication adopted mostly is WLAN (Wireless Local-Area Network), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)/GSM networks such as (Global System of Mobile communication), often be restricted during its self-organizing network, operate power, cost are all higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is often to be restricted when the self-organizing network in order to solve the general cordless communication network that adopts of present power monitoring system, operate power, cost be higher problem all, the invention provides a kind of communication means of monitoring based on the parameters of electric power of embedded system.
Communication means of monitoring based on the parameters of electric power of embedded system of the present invention, it is based on embedded OS Contiki and the realization of parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network, and described parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network comprises terminal node, routing node and access node;
Terminal node is used for parameters of electric power to be monitored is monitored, and sends Monitoring Data to routing node and access node;
Routing node is used for the transfer of Monitoring Data between terminal node and access node;
Access node is used for receiving the Monitoring Data from terminal node and routing node, and described data are sent to control data corporation, and order is assigned to terminal node and routing node;
The communication means of described parameters of electric power monitoring comprises the steps:
Give the step of each routing node, access node and terminal node distributing IP address;
Terminal node, routing node and access node adopt the step of wireless communication protocol 6LoWPAN transmission data each other;
Described terminal node carries out the step of transfer of data to adopting the I2C bus protocol in the electric power monitoring parameter control process;
Each node carries out the step of transfer of data to adopting communication protocol SPI in the control procedure of wireless telecommunications;
Access node adopts communication protocol UART and control data corporation to carry out the step of transfer of data.
Terminal node, routing node and access node adopt the step of wireless communication protocol 6LoWPAN transmission data to be each other:
Terminal node and access node are carried out the step of power-up initializing;
When terminal node, routing node and access node successfully add the 6LoWPAN communication network, the step that terminal node is monitored parameters of electric power;
Terminal node sends to the data that monitor the step of routing node and access node.
Terminal node is to adopting I in the electric power monitoring parameter control process
2The step that the C bus protocol carries out transfer of data is:
Terminal node is carried out the step of power-up initializing;
Step for the chip configuration address of the electric power monitoring parameter that is used for terminal node;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol is the step of described chip register configuration information;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol reads the step of the monitoring parameter of described chip measurement;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol uploads to the monitoring parameter of described measurement the step of the wireless communication module of terminal node.
The step that access node adopts communication protocol UART and control data corporation to carry out transfer of data is:
Access node is carried out the step of power-up initializing;
The step that the UART serial ports of access node is enabled;
The step of the communication baud rate of communication protocol UART is set;
Step to control data corporation transmitting supervisory data.
The invention has the advantages that each node has the self-organizing network function, and then realize short range wireless transmission in the network; Can also realize the remote-wireless communication function; Realization is to the monitoring of power information.Experiment shows, can reach about 80m based on two data between nodes communication distances of 6LOWPAN agreement.Operate power and cost are also lower.Give each node configuration of IP, increase the interstitial content in the wireless network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the communication process schematic diagram of terminal node of the communication means of the parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system of the present invention.
The schematic flow sheet that Fig. 2 measures parameters of electric power for the terminal node of the communication means of the parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the communication process schematic diagram of access node of the communication means of the parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the node communication situation schematic diagram that serial port terminal shows when test of the communication means of the parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: the described communication means of monitoring based on the parameters of electric power of embedded system of present embodiment,
It is based on embedded OS Contiki and the realization of parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network, and described parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network comprises terminal node, routing node and access node;
Terminal node is used for parameters of electric power to be monitored is monitored, and sends Monitoring Data to routing node and access node;
Routing node is used for the transfer of Monitoring Data between terminal node and access node;
Access node is used for receiving the Monitoring Data from terminal node and routing node, and described data are sent to control data corporation, and order is assigned to terminal node and routing node;
The communication means of described parameters of electric power monitoring comprises the steps:
Give the step of each routing node, access node and terminal node distributing IP address;
Terminal node, routing node and access node adopt the step of wireless communication protocol 6LoWPAN transmission data each other;
Described terminal node is to adopting I in the electric power monitoring parameter control process
2The C bus protocol carries out the step of transfer of data;
Each node carries out the step of transfer of data to adopting communication protocol SPI in the control procedure of wireless telecommunications;
Access node adopts communication protocol UART and control data corporation to carry out the step of transfer of data.
In a parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network, node is divided into three types: terminal node, routing node and access node, the monitoring of power information (comprised voltage when terminal node was responsible for electrical work in the network, electric current, power etc.) with transmission, routing node is responsible for the transfer of data between terminal node and access node, the collect parameters of electric power of self terminal node and routing node of access node, and parameter transmitted to control data corporation, also can accept the order from control data corporation, and order is assigned to terminal node and routing node.
On the hardware that present embodiment provides, terminal node comprises: carry out transducer, electric power monitoring chip, first controller and wireless communication module that power information is gathered; Routing node comprises: second controller and wireless communication module; Access node comprises: the 3rd controller and wireless communication module.
In whole parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network, need finish following communication function:
(a) the mutual transmission of tested parameters of electric power between electric power monitoring chip and first controller, transducer sends the data that record to first controller; (b) the mutual transmission of measured parameter between second controller and wireless communication module; (c) the mutual transmission of data between wireless communication module, i.e. the transmission of data between each node; (d) transmission of signal between the 3rd controller and control data corporation.
Wherein, (a) function is used communication protocol I
2C finishes;
(b) function uses communication protocol SPI to finish;
(c) function is used wireless communication protocol 6LoWPAN, the 6LoWPAN agreement is introduced IPv6 in the radio sensing network agreement, distribute the specific I P address for each node, make that the single-sensor node can be the same to PC, use the IP technical communication, simultaneously, increased the node address space greatly, increase the system node number, made node administration more clear, strengthened the system management ability;
(d) function uses communication protocol UART to finish.
Embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is the further restriction to the communication means of the described parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system of embodiment one,
Terminal node, routing node and access node adopt the step of wireless communication protocol 6LoWPAN transmission data to be each other:
Terminal node and access node are carried out the step of power-up initializing;
When terminal node, routing node and access node successfully add the 6LoWPAN communication network, the step that terminal node is monitored parameters of electric power;
Terminal node sends to routing node and access node with the data that monitor.
Embodiment three: in conjunction with Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is the further restriction to the communication means of the described parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system of embodiment one,
Terminal node is to adopting I in the electric power monitoring parameter control process
2The step that the C bus protocol carries out transfer of data is:
Terminal node is carried out the step of power-up initializing;
Step for the chip configuration address of the electric power monitoring parameter that is used for terminal node;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol is the step of described chip register configuration information;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol reads the step of the monitoring parameter of described chip measurement;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol uploads to the monitoring parameter of described measurement the step of the wireless communication module of terminal node.
I
2C (inter-integrated circuit) bus is a kind of twin wire universal serial bus by the exploitation of PHILIPS company, is used for connecting microcontroller and ancillary equipment thereof.I
2The C bus results from the eighties, is initially the audio and video equipment exploitation, nowadays is mainly used in the IC communication needs of plate level, namely mainly is used as the circuit of intercommunication mutually of each IC chip on the circuit board in the hardware system, I
2The C bus is very common in system's design.I
2The topmost advantage of C bus protocol is simplicity, effective.Because interface is directly on assembly, so I
2C bus occupation space is very little, has reduced the space of circuit board and the quantity of chip pin, reduces interconnected cost.
The parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network of present embodiment adopts single-chip microcomputer MSP430F1611 as first controller, contains I among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F1611
2The C module can be MSP430 and I
2The devices interconnect of C compatibility provides interface, the I that MSP430F1611 supports
2The C agreement has following feature:
√ word/byte format transmission
7 or 10 equipment addressing modes of √
√ is grouied busy
√ begins/restarts/stops
√ leads transmission/from receiving mode more
√ leads reception/from sending mode more
√ master sends, and from sending, the main reception is from receiving
√ mode standard speed is 100Kb/s, and quick mode speed can reach 400Kb/s
Automatically MSP430 is waken up from the LPMx pattern from receiving according to detecting commencing signal
Can only realize I with USART0
2The C operation
Present embodiment is used I
2The C agreement realizes the read-write operation of the internal register of the electric power monitoring chip of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F1611 ADE7953, thereby realizes the monitoring of power information.
I
2The software realization mode of C agreement has two kinds:
Table 4-1 I
2The register of C module
| Register | Abbreviated form | Read-write type | The address | Initial condition |
| The USART0 control register | U0CTL | Read/write | 070H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2C transmits control register | I2CTCTL | Read/write | 071H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2C Data Control register | I2CDCTL | Read/write | 072H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2C frequency division register | I2CPSC | Read/write | 073H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2C SCL high level is adjusted register | I2CSCLH | Read/write | 074H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2C SCL low level is adjusted register | I2CSCLL | Read/write | 075H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2The C data register | I2CDRW/I2CDRB | Read/write | 076H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2C local address register | I2COA | Read/write | 0118H | Reset with PUC |
| I 2C is from address register | I2CSA | Read/write | 011AH | Reset with PUC |
| I 2The C interrupt vector register | I2CIV | Read/write | 011CH | Reset with PUC |
Table 4-1 (continuous table)
According to the requirement of electric power monitoring chip ADE7953 read-write operation sequential, the program of writing these registers of control just can realize I
2C communication.
This mode of directly register being operated quick and precisely, easy to use, but to the having relatively high expectations of hardware, for single-chip microcomputer MSP430F1611 single-chip microcomputer, it is this by register control I to have only P3.1 and P3.3 mouth to support
2The communication modes of C sequential.P3.1 is as I
2C data communication mouth, P3.3 is as I
2C communication clock interface.
Any one interface can not be used as I in P3.1 and P3.3 mouth
2Just need to use Simulation with I during the C communication interface
2The mode of C sequential and electric power monitoring chip ADE7953 carry out communication.Particularly, thus be exactly by control common IO mouth input and output high-low level Simulation with I
2The C sequential.
The IO mouth control register of MSP430F1611 is as follows:
√ input register PxIN
Bit=0: input low level
Bit=1: input high level
√ output register PxOUT
Bit=0: output low level
Bit=1: output high level
√ direction register PxDIR
Bit=0:IO mouth direction is input
Bit=1:IO mouth direction is output
√ function mask register PxSEL
Bit=0:IO is that common IO uses
Bit=1:IO is that peripheral functional modules is used
√ interrupt flag register PxIFG
Bit=0: no interrupt requests
Bit=1: interrupt requests is arranged
√ interrupts mask register PxIES
Bit=0: corresponding pin level saltus step (rising edge) from low to high makes corresponding flag bit set
Bit=1: corresponding pin level saltus step (trailing edge) from high to low makes corresponding flag bit set
√ OIER PxIE
Bit=0: forbid this interruption
Bit=1: allow this interruption.
As described in Figure 2, after the access node power-up initializing, at first by first controller configuration slave, i.e. the address of electric power monitoring chip, if configuration successful, main frame can be received an AKG signal, described main frame is first controller, otherwise, reconfigure; After finishing this step, configuration makes slave can finish the calculating of power information from machine registers; Judge whether slave receives configuration information, if receive, main frame will read the measured information of slave, if do not receive, continue configuration, judge whether main frame receives the information that slave sends, if receive, main frame sends information to wireless communication module, if do not receive, main frame will continue to collect information to slave.
Embodiment four: in conjunction with Fig. 4 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is the further restriction to the communication means of the described parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system of embodiment one,
The step that access node adopts communication protocol UART and control data corporation to carry out transfer of data is:
Access node is carried out the step of power-up initializing;
The step that the UART serial ports of access node is enabled;
The step of the communication baud rate of communication protocol UART is set;
Step to control data corporation transmitting supervisory data.
Access node will be finished descending reception and the uplink of measurement data, be sent to control data corporation, and uplink all will use the UART serial communication protocol to carry out, and described control data corporation adopts the GPRS module to realize.
The general UART of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F1611 (Universal Asynchronous Receive/Transmit serial asynchronous communication pattern) comprises line idle multi-computer communication agreement and address bit multi-computer communication agreement, comprising two shift registers.Serial data receives and sends all from lowest order, by two pins, namely receives pin URXD and links to each other with the external world with transmission pin UTXD.
Serial asynchronous communication has following characteristics:
The independent transfer register comprises sending shift register and receiving shift register
Realization Frequency Dividing Factor able to programme is the baud rate of integer or decimal
The UART communication module partly is made up of receiving unit, transmission part, interface section and baud rate.Wherein, baud rate partly is used for controlling the speed that the serial communication data receive and send.So-called baud rate refers to the interior binary data figure place that transmits of unit interval, is unit with the bps, is important indicator and the parameter of weighing serial data transfer rate speed.When asynchronous communication, the generation of baud rate is necessary.The setting of the transmission of UART interface, reception, baud rate all realizes by control register.
Two serial ports (USART0, USART1) of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F1611 are all supported the UART agreement, are controlled by two cover registers, after register is arranged, are realized the I/O of data automatically by hardware.
As show 4-2 and be depicted as the USART1 register.The USART0 register similarly, but title and address difference.
Table 4-2 USART1 register
In the present embodiment, after access node receives the data that terminal node or routing node send, need to use the UART agreement send data to GPRS module or PC.This just needs configuration control register U1CTL, transmit control register U1TCTL, baud rate control register U1MCTL, U1BR0, U1BR1 to wait to realize the transmission of data.
The quality of communication efficiency has directly influenced test result, therefore below the communications portion performance is made test analysis.
Communication distance test and analysis:
At first to doing test based on the wireless communication distance of 6LOWPAN agreement, contrived experiment is as follows:
Experiment purpose: test is based on the wireless communication distance of 6LOWPAN agreement
Experimental technique: the monitoring node signal intelligence, record and measure when signal of communication obviously weakens between two nodes the two distance.
Experiment place: certain spacious environment in the research park
Experimental facilities:
Experimentation: connect access node and computer, observe access node and terminal node data signal intelligence by serial port terminal, the fixed terminal node location, mobile access node, make the two apart from increase, observe the two signal intelligence by computer, up to sign off, stop to move, measure communication distance with meter ruler.
Experimental result: ignore in node current state, the test environment unexpected interference signal to the influence of communication distance, experimental result shows, can reach about 80m based on two data between nodes communication distances of 6LOWPAN agreement.
Communication topology structured testing and analysis:
In order to make cordless communication network have certain strong property, also need it to have networking function.By knowwhy as can be known, the 6LOWPAN agreement is supported star-like and tree topology, in order to verify these topological result of communication, carries out following experiment:
Experiment purpose: radio communication topological structure checking
Experimental technique: a plurality of nodes of cloth in a certain space, transfer just converges to access node through the how many times signal to observe each node, thereby analyzes the wireless network topology structure.
Test place: 2A the 4th buildings
Experimental facilities:
Experimentation: place access node (nodal scheme is 2) research park 2A Room 439, access node links to each other with computer, is convenient to observe other nodes signal intelligence with it, places node 1,6 in Room 439, places node 3,4 in Room 435.Observe the signal intelligence of these nodes and access node by serial port terminal, and analyze its topological structure.
Experimental result: be illustrated in figure 4 as the node communication situation schematic diagram that serial port terminal shows, the first digit representation node of each row of data number wherein, redirect just has been transferred to access node to the node of third digit representative corresponding number through the how many times signal.By fourth line data among the figure as can be seen, No. 4 nodes just have been transferred to access node through twice signal redirect.This just illustrates that the radio communication tree topology based on the 6LoWPAN agreement exists.And usually only need be through 1 redirect when communicating by letter with access node with No. 3 nodes with No. 1 node of access node close together (in same room), this just proves that stelliform connection topology configuration exists.
Claims (4)
1. based on the communication means of the parameters of electric power of embedded system monitoring, it is based on embedded OS Contiki and the realization of parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network, and described parameters of electric power monitoring wireless sensing network comprises terminal node, routing node and access node;
Terminal node is used for parameters of electric power to be monitored is monitored, and sends Monitoring Data to routing node and access node;
Routing node is used for the transfer of Monitoring Data between terminal node and access node;
Access node is used for receiving the Monitoring Data from terminal node and routing node, and described data are sent to control data corporation, and order is assigned to terminal node and routing node;
It is characterized in that the communication means of described parameters of electric power monitoring comprises the steps:
Give the step of each routing node, access node and terminal node distributing IP address;
Terminal node, routing node and access node adopt the step of wireless communication protocol 6LoWPAN transmission data each other;
Described terminal node is to adopting I in the electric power monitoring parameter control process
2The C bus protocol carries out the step of transfer of data;
Each node carries out the step of transfer of data to adopting communication protocol SPI in the control procedure of wireless telecommunications;
Access node adopts communication protocol UART and control data corporation to carry out the step of transfer of data.
2. the communication means of the parameters of electric power monitoring based on embedded system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that terminal node, routing node and access node adopt the step of wireless communication protocol 6LoWPAN transmission data to be each other: the step of terminal node and access node being carried out power-up initializing;
When terminal node, routing node and access node successfully add the 6LoWPAN communication network, the step that terminal node is monitored parameters of electric power;
Terminal node sends to the data that monitor the step of routing node and access node.
3. communication means of monitoring based on the parameters of electric power of embedded system according to claim 1 is characterized in that terminal node is to adopting I in the electric power monitoring parameter control process
2The step that the C bus protocol carries out transfer of data is:
Terminal node is carried out the step of power-up initializing;
Step for the chip configuration address of the electric power monitoring parameter that is used for terminal node;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol is the step of described chip register configuration information;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol reads the step of the monitoring parameter of described chip measurement;
Adopt I
2The C bus protocol uploads to the monitoring parameter of described measurement the step of the wireless communication module of terminal node.
4. communication means of monitoring based on the parameters of electric power of embedded system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the step that access node employing communication protocol UART and control data corporation carry out transfer of data is:
Access node is carried out the step of power-up initializing;
The step that the UART serial ports of access node is enabled;
The step of the communication baud rate of communication protocol UART is set;
Step to control data corporation transmitting supervisory data.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112383543A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 国网山东省电力公司泰安供电公司 | Power equipment monitoring data processing system |
| CN113029223A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-06-25 | 山东华科信息技术有限公司 | Detection device for batch detection of sensors based on network communication |
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| CN102005821A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-04-06 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Integrated automation terminal of intelligent station area |
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