CN103197347B - A kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation - Google Patents
A kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation, the method is based on the low-frequency acoustic reflectance signature of oil gas, window when utilizing instantaneous frequency to ask for the self-adaptation of destination layer position, carry out petroleum-gas prediction in conjunction with generalized S-transform and transient wavelet absorption analysis technology: first choose destination layer position and carry out spectrum analysis, determine the technical parameter that absorption approach adopts; Then window during calculating self-adaptation; Generalized S-transform time frequency analysis is carried out to the destination layer Wei Zhu road chosen; The attenuating fluid factor Q of the destination layer position utilizing transient wavelet absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technique computes to choose
fwith gas decay factor Q
g; Finally remove background absorption, utilize the absorption exceptional value of fixed well hydrocarbon zone to the Q asked for
fand Q
gsection is demarcated, thus predicts potential hydrocarbon quantitatively.The present invention can reflect the Absorption Characteristics of oil gas more fully relative to window setting technique time fixing, and reduce petroleum-gas prediction multi-solution, especially for middle amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool and even weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, petroleum-gas prediction effect is more obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formation absorption characteristic that utilizes and carry out the oil gas forecasting method analyzed, particularly about a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation.
Background technology
From petrophysics angle, absorb the same with the parameter such as speed and density, characterize the basic physical property of rock.Development and the application of geophysics petroleum-gas prediction technology show, formation absorption characteristic is one of efficiency index identifying reservoir and hydrocarbon-bearing pool.Based on formation absorption signature analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology can few well or without well situation under utilize earthquake information to carry out petroleum-gas prediction, compared with other petroleum-gas prediction technology, there is its distinctive technical advantage, as Yingge-hai Basin gas dissipation technology, Qiong-dongnan Basin gas dissipation technology and Liaodong Wan lithologic gas reservoirs forecasting techniques etc. all using formation absorption characteristic as one of identification of hydrocarbon information effective marker.
The domestic and international research to attenuation by absorption at present, mainly still carries out absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction based on fixing window length.As Mitchell(Mitchell J.T., Derzhi N.T., Lichman, E.T., Energy absorptionanalysis:A case study, SEG66-th Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts, 1996:1785-1788) propose energy absorption analyze method, timesharing window carries out spectrum analysis to seismologic record, carries out petroleum-gas prediction by the ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of high band and low-frequency range frequency component rate of decay.Lichman (LichmanE, Goloshubin G.Unified approach to gas and fluid detection oninstantaneous seismic wavelets [G] .SEG73th Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 2003:1699-1702) propose the petroleum-gas prediction technology of transient wavelet absorption analysis, timesharing window carries out spectrum analysis to seismologic record, transient wavelet when being extracted by intermediary heat spectral technology in window, carries out absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction.(the Jiang Li such as Li, Yang Shaoguo, Zhao Mingjin, et al., Frequency-dependent seismicattributes and their application for hydrocarbon detection.80th Annual InternationalMeeting, SEG Expanded Abstracts, 2010:1566-1569) adopt wavelet transformation, utilize energy absorption analytical approach to carry out absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction.Above-mentioned absorption analysis technology and relevant business application software are all realize based on fixing window length, these technology are only applicable to the 3rd class strong amplitude " bright spot " type hydrocarbon-bearing pool (Zhang Yiming in actual applications, Li Xuxuan, Fu Liyun. the application of transient wavelet absorption analysis technology---for CHINESE OFFSHORE detection of natural gas. petroleum exploration, 2009,48 (4): 368-376), and for the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of medium tenacity type or weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, these methods also exist stronger multi-solution, and its effect receives certain restriction.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation, the method can reduce the multi-solution of absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology, expand the application of absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology, the geology applicability of its technology is generalized to the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of medium tenacity amplitude type by the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of strong amplitude " bright spot " type, so weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation, it comprises the following steps: 1) select to comprise the seismic data treating petroleum-gas prediction target reservoir geological data, and described geological data is the poststack pure wave geological data after protecting width, protecting frequency processing; 2) choose geological data time range in the seismic data selected in step 1), as the seismologic record of analysis to be absorbed, this seismologic record at least will comprise the geological data scope of target reservoir; 3) spectrum analysis is carried out to seismologic record, determine the low cut-off frequency F of effective band limits
1with high cut-off frequency F
2, and β when setting energy attenuation rate α and the energy delay of time frequency analysis; 4) instantaneous frequency of seismologic record data volume is calculated, and window when asking for corresponding self-adaptation accordingly; 5) by road, time domain interpolation is carried out to seismologic record; 6) by road, generalized S-transform time frequency analysis is carried out to the seismologic record after interpolation, according to respective self-adaptation window length, corresponding decay factor is calculated to each time-sampling point; 7) by road, background absorbance is removed to the seismologic record after interpolation, obtain and absorb abnormal profile; 8) the absorption exceptional value of fixed well hydrocarbon zone is utilized to carry out absorbing the demarcation of exceptional value to absorption abnormal profile: to conform to absorption analysis result if demarcate display actual conditions, just predict potential hydrocarbon quantitatively; Otherwise, return step 3), adjust low cut-off frequency F
1with high cut-off frequency F
2, and energy attenuation rate α and energy delay time β value, re-start absorption analysis.
Above-mentioned steps 6) comprise following little step:
1. trace record Trace (i) in the seismologic record after interpolation is chosen, i=1 ~ N
trace, carry out the time-frequency spectrum TF_Spectrum (t, f) that generalized S-transform calculates this trace record;
2. choose time-sampling point j, a j=1 ~ NT in this trace record, wherein, NT is sampled point number in this trace record, with the instantaneous point spectrum TF_Spectrum (t of the time-frequency spectrum obtained after generalized S-transform
j, f) as frequency spectrum F_Spectrum (f) of this time-sampling point;
3. intermediary heat spectral technology is utilized to calculate transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) of this time-sampling point;
4. the dominant frequency f of transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) of this time-sampling point is calculated
0;
5. to transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) at low-frequency range scope F
1~ f
0inside carry out
matching, calculates the attenuating fluid factor Q of this time-sampling point
f(j);
6. to transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) at high band range f
0~ F
2inside carry out
matching, calculates the gas attenuation factor Q of this time-sampling point
g(j);
7. the time-sampling point whether not calculating decay factor in this trace record is in addition checked:
If so, step is returned 2.;
Otherwise, enter step 8.;
8. the record of absorption analysis whether is not carried out in the seismologic record after checking interpolation in addition:
If so, step is returned 1.;
Otherwise, enter step 7).
Above-mentioned steps 7) in, by road, second-order polynomial curve matching is carried out to the decay factor that step 6) obtains, obtains the background absorbance of every trace record, each decay factor is deducted the background absorbance of oneself, thus the abnormal profile that is absorbed.
Above-mentioned steps 4) in, asked for the instantaneous frequency ω (t) of seismologic record S (t) by following equation, the length ATW of window when getting its inverse multiplication by constants Coeff obtains self-adaptation again:
ω(t)＝[λ
2Ι+S(D-λ
2Ι)]
-1Sn
In above formula, n=S (t) H'(t)-S'(t) H (t), wherein H (t) Hilbert transform that is seismologic record S (t), H'(t) and S'(t) be the derivative of H (t) and S (t), D is by S
2(t)+H
2t diagonal operator that () is formed, S is level and smooth shaping operator, λ be the mould of D square, control the Fast Convergent of inversion iterates, Ι is identity operator.
Above-mentioned steps 4) in, calculated the instantaneous frequency ω (t) of seismologic record S (t) by Hilbert transform, the length ATW of window when getting its inverse multiplication by constants Coeff obtains self-adaptation again:
In above formula, the Hilbert transform that H (t) is seismologic record S (t), H'(t) and S'(t) be the derivative of H (t) and S (t).
Above-mentioned steps 3) in energy attenuation rate α and energy delay time β span be respectively 0.1 ~ 1 and 0 ~ 1.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: window setting technique when 1, the present invention introduces self-adaptation, when calculating the attenuation by absorption value of each sampled point, window length can carry out self-adaptative adjustment based on instantaneous frequency, therefore compared with the existing absorption approach based on window setting technique time fixing, the low-frequency acoustic reflectance signature of oil gas can be utilized more fully, reduce petroleum-gas prediction multi-solution, especially for middle amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool and even weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, petroleum-gas prediction effect is more obvious.2, the present invention adopts generalized S-transform time-frequency analysis technology to calculate the time-frequency spectrum of per pass seismologic record, generalized S-transform is a kind of Multi-scale Time-Frequency Analysis technology, time frequency resolution is relevant with frequency, can overcome the deficiency that the basic transformation functional form of S-transformation is fixing, more conventional time-frequency analysis technology can obtain higher time frequency resolution.3, the present invention adopts the attenuation by absorption value of each sampled point of transient wavelet absorption analysis technique computes, the transient wavelet of seismologic record in window when extracting based on intermediary heat spectral technology, with routine based on seismologic record absorption analysis technology compared with, reduce the impact of reflection coefficient formation absorption analysis, reduce petroleum-gas prediction multi-solution, there is better petroleum-gas prediction effect.The present invention is applicable to predict strong amplitude " bright spot " type hydrocarbon-bearing pool and the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of medium tenacity amplitude type, and even weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, and especially for the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of medium tenacity amplitude type, effect is better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is workflow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the seismologic record of embodiment of the present invention target reservoir;
Fig. 3 is the spectrum analysis of embodiment of the present invention target reservoir;
Fig. 4 is the instantaneous frequency of embodiment of the present invention target reservoir seismologic record;
Window when Fig. 5 is the self-adaptation of embodiment of the present invention target reservoir seismologic record;
Fig. 6 is the generalized S-transform transient wavelet absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology Q of window when the present invention is based on self-adaptation
gresult map;
Fig. 7 is routine business software transient wavelet absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology Q
gresult map;
Fig. 8 is the another kind of embodiment of workflow of the present invention.
Embodiment
Known by technique scheme, core content of the present invention has 3 points: window setting technique during self-adaptation, generalized S-transform time-frequency analysis technology and transient wavelet absorption analysis technology, and its specific implementation principle is as follows:
1. window setting technique during self-adaptation
Because the limiting resolution of seismic data is determined by half instantaneous wavelength of each time-sampling point, therefore when carrying out absorption analysis, the window length of selection should be more than or equal to limiting resolution.Conventional absorption analysis technology adopt fixing window length to each road seismologic record with time window step-length pointwise carry out absorption analysis, but because hydrocarbon-bearing formation is usually expressed as the Seismic reflection character of low frequency on seismologic record, its instantaneous wavelength is larger, therefore for the fixing window length technology of ventional absorption analytical technology, the multi-solution of absorption analysis technology petroleum-gas prediction will certainly be caused, the application of restriction absorption analysis technology petroleum-gas prediction.
The present invention considers the low-frequency acoustic reflectance signature of hydrocarbon-bearing formation, before calculating absorption coefficient, first instantaneous frequency ω (the t) (Taner of seismologic record S (t) is calculated, M.T., F.Koehler, and R.E.Sheriff.Complex seismic trace analysis, Geophysics, 1979,44:1041-1063):
In above formula, the Hilbert transform that H (t) is seismologic record S (t), H'(t) and S'(t) be the derivative of H (t) and S (t), τ is intermediate variable.Inverse is got to instantaneous frequency and obtains instantaneous wavelength, then the length ATW of window when multiplication by constants Coeff obtains self-adaptation:
Algorithm due to above-mentioned conventional instantaneous frequency is easily subject to the impact of noise, and easily produce insignificant numerical value, as negative value, (White, R.E.Properties of instantaneous seismic attributes, The LeadingEdge, 1991,10:26 – 32), therefore the present invention is more prone to (the Sergey Fomel.Localseismic attributes adopting Fomel proposition, Geophysics, 2007,73 (3): A29-A33) the instantaneous frequency algorithm realized based on regularization inverting calculates instantaneous frequency:
ω(t)=[λ
2Ι+S(D-λ
2Ι)]
-1Sn （3）
In above formula, n represents the molecule in equation (1), D is the diagonal operator be made up of the denominator in equation (1), S is level and smooth shaping operator, window when usually choosing Gauss, λ be the mould of D square, control the Fast Convergent of inversion iterates, Ι is identity operator, and this algorithm, by regularization Inversion Calculation seismologic record instantaneous frequency, has good stability and noise immunity.And then substituted into window when equation (2) obtains corresponding self-adaptation.
During above-mentioned self-adaptation, the oily Seismic reflection character on the calculating of absorption analysis and stratum links together by the introducing of window setting technique, when making more conventional fixing of the absorption analysis technology based on window during self-adaptation, window setting technique more can reflect the Absorption Characteristics of oil gas, especially to medium amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool and even weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, effect is more remarkable, significantly reduces the multi-solution of absorption analysis technology petroleum-gas prediction.
During self-adaptation, window setting technique is suitable for other time-frequency analysis technology equally, and as time-frequency analysis technologies such as Short Time Fourier Transform, wavelet transformation, S-transformation, but generalized S-transform time-frequency analysis technology has better time frequency resolution.During self-adaptation, window setting technique is equally also suitable for other absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology, and as the absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology based on seismologic record, but transient wavelet absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology has better petroleum-gas prediction effect.
2. generalized S-transform time-frequency analysis technology
The S-transformation that Stockwell etc. propose is with the extension of the Morlet small echo continuous wavelet transform that is wavelet, compared with the Time-Frequency Analysis Method such as continuous wavelet transform, Instant Fourier Transform, S-transformation has the advantage of its uniqueness, as: signal S-transformation time-resolution of frequency spectrum is relevant with frequency (yardstick), and compose with its Fourier and keep directly contacting, and wavelet need not meet admissibility condition.Because the basic transformation functional form in S-transformation is fixed, therefore present invention employs (Gao Jinghuai, the Chen Wenchao such as Gao Jinghuai, Li Youming etc., generalized S-transform and thin interbed seismic response analysis, Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2003,46(4): generalized S-transform 526-532) proposed:
In above formula, f is frequency, f
cfor the video frequency of wavelet, g
ft () is defined as:
In above formula, A is the amplitude of wavelet, and it is the function of time t in the present invention, and seismic reflection energy when being self-adaptation for each its value of time-sampling point in window, α is energy attenuation rate, and β is energy relay time.
As shown in Equation (4), when energy attenuation rate α and energy delay, the value of β determines the time frequency resolution of generalized S-transform, and then determines the temporal resolution of absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction.Advise in the present invention that the span of α be the span of 0.1 ~ 1, β is 0 ~ 1.Wherein, α is comparatively large on time frequency resolution impact, and α is larger, and frequency resolution is higher, and the temporal resolution of absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction is lower, and vice versa.Parameter beta is less on frequency resolution impact, and the larger frequency resolution of β is higher, the temporal resolution of absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction is lower.
3. transient wavelet absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction technology
Because the Absorption Characteristics on stratum only has an impact to seismic wavelet, reflection coefficient does not comprise the information of seismic energy decay, and seismologic record is the convolution of wavelet and reflection coefficient, therefore, the more conventional absorption analysis technology based on seismologic record of transient wavelet absorption analysis technology has better petroleum-gas prediction effect, reduces the impact of reflection coefficient formation absorption analysis.Transient wavelet absorption analysis technology mainly comprises following technology contents:
(1) transient wavelet is asked for
The present invention completes asking for of transient wavelet by intermediary heat spectral technology, has for seismologic record S (t):
In above formula,
for the intermediary heat of seismologic record S (t) is composed, FT is the conversion of Fu's formula, and IFT is the conversion of anti-Fu's formula.
For the convolution that time domain seismologic record S (t) is wavelet and reflection coefficient, at intermediary heat spectral domain, wavelet is near initial point (smoothness is infinitely great), and reflection coefficient and random noise are away near the edge (zero smoothness) of initial point, therefore, by the mode isolated wavelet of " low-pass filtering " and reflection coefficient, the transient wavelet of seismologic record can be extracted at intermediary heat spectral domain.
(2) wavelet energy absorption is analyzed
When seismic event is at underground propagation, along with the increase of propagation distance, energy is decayed continuously, the abnormal rate that seismic wave energy can be caused to decay when stratum oily.Seismic wave energy decay is lost two parts by fluid and gas energy and is formed, and wavelet amplitude maximum amplitude is corresponding with minimal energy losses, i.e. dominant frequency f
0place's seismic reflection Minimal energy loss.Wherein, the energy loss of seismic reflection low-frequency range causes primarily of formation pore fluid, and the energy attenuation of high band causes primarily of formation pore gas.
For target reservoir, before carrying out absorption analysis, first carry out spectrum analysis, to determine the effective frequency range of geological data, obtain the low cut-off frequency F in effective band limits
1with high cut-off frequency F
2; Again to the spectral amplitude of transient wavelet at low-frequency range F
1~ f
0scope is carried out
matching, Fluid Computation decay factor Q
f, to high band f
0~ F
2the wavelet amplitude of band limits is carried out
matching, calculates gas attenuation factor Q
g.
(3) interpolation technique
The impact of the sampled point quantity that the stability of spectral analysis algorithm can be calculated.According to sampling thheorem, minimum time resolution limitations is in half instantaneous wavelength, and minimum frequency resolution depends on maximum window length.The scale of typical oil-containing or gas-bearing reservoir needs window length to be 8-80ms, and such window length comprises less number of samples, carries out conventional FFT and can produce unstable result, and therefore the present invention needs to carry out interpolation before carrying out time frequency analysis to seismologic record.
Constant in order to ensure the frequency component before and after seismologic record interpolation, reached the nyquist frequency of expectation by frequency field zero-adding to realize time domain interpolation, this interpolation algorithm can increase the quantity of whole road seismologic record sampled point and not change frequency component.In addition, decomposing to realize instantaneous spectrum, making effective band scope have enough stepped-frequency signal, also needing to carry out frequency field interpolation, similarly, realizing frequency field interpolation by time domain zero padding.
(4) background absorption is eliminated
Ripple is when underground propagation, and wavelet can along with formation rock character consecutive variations, the attenuating fluid factor Q obtained by transient wavelet absorption analysis technology
fwith gas decay factor Q
gnot the indicator of fluid and gas, but reflect the relative change of formation absorption feature.Therefore, first need to utilize low-order polynomial curve matching to determine the background absorbance on stratum, then by each decay factor Q
fand Q
gsubtracting background absorption value obtains by the existence of gas in formation pore or fluid and the decay pattern of anomaly produced, and the oil gas absorbing exceptional value in conjunction with logging trace is demarcated, and carries out the quantitative interpretation of absorption analysis petroleum-gas prediction.
Below, sea region block seismic data is embodiment, is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings to the present invention:
1) seismic data comprising the target reservoir geological data treating petroleum-gas prediction is selected:
Wherein, geological data requires to be through the poststack pure wave geological data after protecting width, guarantor's frequency processing.
2) choose geological data time range in the seismic data selected in step 1), as the seismologic record of analysis to be absorbed, this seismologic record at least will comprise the geological data scope of target reservoir.
Seismologic record scope selected by the present embodiment is CDP-1280 ~ 1850, Time-1.2 ~ 2.4s.
3) spectrum analysis is carried out to seismologic record, determine the low cut-off frequency F of effective band limits
1with high cut-off frequency F
2, and the time frequency analysis parameter such as energy attenuation rate α and energy relay time β.
As shown in Figure 2 to 3, from spectrum analysis, effective band limits of the present embodiment seismologic record is 12 ~ 70Hz, therefore low cut-off frequency F
112Hz can be set to, high cut-off frequency F
270Hz can be set to.Energy attenuation rate α is set to 0.2, and energy relay time β is set to 1.
4) instantaneous frequency of seismologic record data volume is calculated, and window (as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5) when asking for corresponding self-adaptation accordingly.
5) by road, time domain interpolation is carried out to seismologic record.
In the present embodiment, seismologic record is interpolated to the Temporal sampling of 1ms by the Temporal sampling of 2ms, to increase the stability of time frequency analysis algorithm.
6) carry out generalized S-transform time frequency analysis to the seismologic record after interpolation by road, calculate corresponding decay factor to each time-sampling point according to respective self-adaptation window length, concrete steps are as follows:
1. trace record Trace (i) in the seismologic record after interpolation is chosen, i=1 ~ N
trace, carry out the time-frequency spectrum TF_Spectrum (t, f) that generalized S-transform calculates this trace record;
2. choose time-sampling point j, a j=1 ~ NT in this trace record, wherein, NT is sampled point number in this trace record, with the instantaneous point spectrum TF_Spectrum (t of the time-frequency spectrum obtained after generalized S-transform
j, f) as frequency spectrum F_Spectrum (f) of this time-sampling point;
3. intermediary heat spectral technology is utilized to calculate transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) of this time-sampling point;
4. the dominant frequency f of transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) of this time-sampling point is calculated
0;
5. to transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) at low-frequency range scope F
1~ f
0inside carry out
matching, calculates the attenuating fluid factor Q of this time-sampling point
f(j);
6. to transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) at high band range f
0~ F
2inside carry out
matching, calculates the gas attenuation factor Q of this time-sampling point
g(j);
7. the time-sampling point whether not calculating decay factor in this trace record is in addition checked:
If so, step is returned 2.;
Otherwise, enter step 8.;
8. the record of absorption analysis whether is not carried out in the seismologic record after checking interpolation in addition:
If so, step is returned 1.;
Otherwise, enter step 7);
7) by road, background absorbance is removed to the seismologic record after interpolation, obtain and absorb abnormal profile.
To the attenuating fluid factor Q obtained by step 6)
f(j, i), i=1 ~ N
trace, j=1 ~ NT and gas decay factor Q
g(j, i), i=1 ~ N
trace, j=1 ~ NT carries out second-order polynomial curve matching by road, obtains the background absorbance of every trace record, each decay factor is deducted the background absorbance of oneself, obtains because of the absorption abnormal profile caused by the oily of stratum.
8) the absorption exceptional value utilizing practical logging to bore the hydrocarbon zone place of meeting carries out absorbing the demarcation of exceptional value to the absorption abnormal profile that step 7) obtains:
If demarcate display actual conditions to conform to absorption analysis result, enter step 9);
Otherwise, return step 3), adjust low cut-off frequency F
1with high cut-off frequency F
2, and energy attenuation rate α and energy delay time β value, re-start absorption analysis;
9) quantitative test absorbing exceptional value is carried out, prediction potential hydrocarbon.
Because the present embodiment is gas-bearing reservoir, a therefore analytical procedure 7) the middle gas attenuation factor Q obtained
g(j, i), the gas-bearing formation layer position of logging trace and explanation in throwing, demarcates according to the absorption exceptional value at the gas-bearing formation layer position place of well logging interpretation.As shown in Figure 6, the absorption exceptional value of dried layer is very little, maximal value is 8, the absorption exceptional value of water layer is also more weak, maximal value is 32, the absorption exceptional value of gas-bearing formation is the strongest, maximal value is 460, even if difference gas-bearing formation, absorb exceptional value and also reach 60, therefore, aboveground brill is met gas-bearing formation and is absorbed exceptional value result mate with strong, thus can using the absorption exceptional value of aboveground gas-bearing formation as the calibration value of petroleum-gas prediction, prediction three potentiality reservoirs (in Fig. 6 part shown in circle) further, their absorption exceptional value is respectively 510,420,480.
As shown in Figure 7, the gas absorption abnormal profile that the computational analysis of routine business software obtains is utilized.Algorithm due to routine business software is based on fixing window length technology, and for the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of medium tenacity type or weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, algorithm easily produces multi-solution.As can be seen from the figure: two gas-bearing formations of P-3 well shallow-layer due to seismic reflection energy comparatively strong, ventional absorption analytical technology can obtain strong Absorption Characteristics, and strong Absorption Characteristics conforms to actual gas bearing condition; And for two water layers of P-2 well shallow-layer, strong Absorption Characteristics is shown as in absorption profile, this and actual water layer should show as weak absorbing feature and not be inconsistent, and its reason is that water layer seismic reflection energy is comparatively strong, and ventional absorption analytical technology creates wrong strong Absorption Characteristics by the impact of earthquake strong reflection; For gas-bearing formation and the difference gas-bearing formation in P-2 well and P-3 well depth portion, because seismic reflection energy is more weak, the absorption exceptional value that absorption analysis technology obtains is more weak, particularly the absorption exceptional value of poor gas-bearing formation, and this and gas-bearing formation should show as strong Absorption Characteristics and not be inconsistent.
Therefore, during routine business software fixing, window setting technique carries out petroleum-gas prediction and has stronger multi-solution, especially for the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of medium tenacity type or weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, and the present invention propose self-adaptation time window setting technique, the oily Seismic reflection character on the calculating of absorption analysis and stratum is established and contacts, when making more conventional fixing of the absorption analysis technology based on window during self-adaptation, window setting technique more can reflect the Absorption Characteristics of oil gas, especially for the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of medium amplitude type and even weak amplitude type hydrocarbon-bearing pool, effect is more obvious, significantly reduce the multi-solution of absorption analysis technology petroleum-gas prediction.
Above-described embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention, and wherein the order of each step can adjust to some extent.As shown in Figure 8, time domain interpolation both can complete the interpolation of all records once before carrying out generalized S-transform to seismologic record by road, also can be undertaken by road, namely whenever a trace record carries out carrying out time domain interpolation to this trace record before generalized S-transform.In like manner, remove background absorption and also can be undertaken by road, after namely often obtaining the decay factor of all time-sampling points in a trace record, background absorption is removed to this trace record.To every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1., based on an absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method for window during self-adaptation, it comprises the following steps:
1) select to comprise the seismic data treating petroleum-gas prediction target reservoir geological data, described geological data is the poststack pure wave geological data after protecting width, protecting frequency processing;
2) in step 1) choose geological data time range in the seismic data selected, as the seismologic record of analysis to be absorbed, this seismologic record at least will comprise the geological data scope of target reservoir;
3) spectrum analysis is carried out to seismologic record, determine the low cut-off frequency F of effective band limits
1with high cut-off frequency F
2, and β when setting energy attenuation rate α and the energy delay of time frequency analysis;
4) instantaneous frequency of seismologic record data volume is calculated, and window when asking for corresponding self-adaptation accordingly;
5) by road, time domain interpolation is carried out to seismologic record;
6) by road, generalized S-transform time frequency analysis is carried out to the seismologic record after interpolation, according to respective self-adaptation window length, corresponding decay factor is calculated to each time-sampling point;
7) by road, background absorbance is removed to the seismologic record after interpolation, obtain and absorb abnormal profile;
8) the absorption exceptional value of fixed well hydrocarbon zone is utilized to carry out absorbing the demarcation of exceptional value to absorption abnormal profile:
If demarcate display actual conditions to conform to absorption analysis result, just predict potential hydrocarbon quantitatively;
Otherwise, return step 3), adjust low cut-off frequency F
1with high cut-off frequency F
2, and energy attenuation rate α and energy delay time β value, re-start absorption analysis.
2. a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described step 6) comprise following little step:
1. trace record Trace (i) in the seismologic record after interpolation is chosen, i=1 ~ N
trace, carry out the time-frequency spectrum TF_Spectrum (t, f) that generalized S-transform calculates this trace record;
2. choose time-sampling point j, a j=1 ~ NT in this trace record, wherein, NT is sampled point number in this trace record, with the instantaneous point spectrum TF_Spectrum (t of the time-frequency spectrum obtained after generalized S-transform
j, f) as frequency spectrum F_Spectrum (f) of this time-sampling point;
3. intermediary heat spectral technology is utilized to calculate transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) of this time-sampling point;
4. the dominant frequency f of transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) of this time-sampling point is calculated
0;
5. to transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) at low-frequency range scope F
1~ f
0inside carry out
matching, calculates the attenuating fluid factor Q of this time-sampling point
f(j);
6. to transient wavelet spectral amplitude IW_FSpectrum (f) at high band range f
0~ F
2inside carry out
matching, calculates the gas attenuation factor Q of this time-sampling point
g(j);
7. the time-sampling point whether not calculating decay factor in this trace record is in addition checked:
If so, step is returned 2.;
Otherwise, enter step 8.;
8. the record of absorption analysis whether is not carried out in the seismologic record after checking interpolation in addition:
If so, step is returned 1.;
Otherwise, enter step 7).
3. a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 7) in, to step 6) decay factor that obtains carries out second-order polynomial curve matching by road, obtain the background absorbance of every trace record, each decay factor is deducted the background absorbance of oneself, thus the abnormal profile that is absorbed.
4. a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step 7) in, to step 6) decay factor that obtains carries out second-order polynomial curve matching by road, obtain the background absorbance of every trace record, each decay factor is deducted the background absorbance of oneself, thus the abnormal profile that is absorbed.
5. a kind of absorption analysis oil gas forecasting method based on window during self-adaptation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described step 3) in, when energy attenuation rate α and energy delay, the span of β is respectively 0.1 ~ 1 and 0 ~ 1.
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| CN111610560A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil gas prediction method based on seismic longitudinal frequency spectrum time shift |
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