CN103196504A - Method and device for measuring multi-channel ultrasonic flow - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring multi-channel ultrasonic flow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring multi-channel ultrasonic flow-. Transducers which are twice as many as sound channels are mounted on a pipe section; every two transducers are connected with each other to form a sound channel; included angle of the sound channels and an axial line of the pipe section ranges from 15 to 75 degrees; a pressure sensor is placed at the front end of the pipe section; distances from the pressure sensor to the centers in the axle directions of all sound channels are the same; the sound channels corresponding to the transducers are divided into chordwise sound channels and radial sound channels; three or more than three chordwise sound channels are projected onto a cross section in the axial direction as a polygon. According to real-time detection of flow field pressure through the pressure sensor, a variance value and an initial value of the flow field pressure in one cycle are compared, and further time interval of flow measurement is increased or reduced, as a result, real-time adjustment of multi-channel measurement time interval is realized, and the method and the device are specially suitable for occasions of violent change of the flow field. Each sound channel comprises a radial sound channel and chordwise sound channels; and when obtained two speeds are compared, whether current state of the flow field is laminar flow or turbulent flow can be judged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flow-measuring method and device, especially relate to a kind of multichannel ultrasonic flow measuring method and device.
Background technology
Ultrasonic flow meter is to utilize fluid to flow to the signal modulating action of ultrasonic pulse or ultrasonic beam, and obtains a kind of measuring instrument of volumetric flow rate by the variation of detection signal.The measuring principle of ultrasonic flow meter can be divided into time difference method, Doppler method, wave beam deflection method, correlation method and noise method etc.This patent at be the ultrasonic flow measuring method that utilizes time difference method to measure.This flow-measuring method can be measured common liquid, gas etc.
In the fluid transmission course, inevitably can use devices such as sudden expansion pipe, single bend pipe, twin elbow, intercepting sewer, valve, the unsettled situations in flow field such as eddy current can appear in flow field thus.The flow field flow-disturbing has very big influence to the measuring accuracy of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method.In order to guarantee measuring accuracy, can adopt the method for multichannel usually.Good sound channel is arranged the precision that not only can promote metering, can also effectively improve the antijamming capability of flowmeter and to the adaptability in special flow field.The design of multichannel is exactly in order to reduce the sensitivity of flowmeter stream field fluctuation.The multichannel ultrasonic flow meter can compensate because the flow field fluctuation for the influence that precision causes, reduces the harsh requirement to installation environment and flow field situation thus by distinctive sound channel design.So the design of sound channel arrangement has extremely crucial influence for the measuring accuracy that promotes flowmeter and adaptability.
Existing many sound waves ultrasonic flow meter adopts the sound channel arrangement of two quasi-representatives usually.Traditional scheme (one) is: radially sound channel or two intermesh and are the radially sound channels of 90 degree to adopt one, and two or four the tangential sound channels that reflect twice separately, being projected on the axial vane surface of these two or four tangential sound channel lines is an equilateral triangle or two staggered equilateral triangles; Traditional scheme (two) is: each have a sound channel or two staggered sound channels on a plurality of planes vertical with axial cross section.Because the flow field may exist eddy current maybe violent change can take place, measurement between above-mentioned two kinds of each sound channels of scheme is all fixed at interval, and under the situation of flow field violent change, residing flow field situation differed bigger when each sound channel was measured, and caused its measurement result and actual flow field deviation bigger then.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multichannel ultrasonic flow measuring method and device, arrange based on the sound channel of special setting, can so that each sound channel measurements time interval realize real-time control along with the real-time detection of pressure transducer.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
One, a kind of multichannel ultrasonic flow measuring method, the step of this method is as follows:
(1) arrange a pressure transducer at the front end of sound channel measured zone, pressure transducer equates with the distance of the axial centre position of each sound channel;
(2) at pipeline section number being installed is the transducer of 2 times of channel number, and wherein the line of per two transducers constitutes a sound channel, and the axis of sound channel and pipeline section is 15 ° ~ 75 °;
(3) the corresponding sound channel of each transducer is divided into tangential sound channel and sound channel radially, and radially sound channel and at least three tangential sound channels are namely arranged, and each tangential sound channel is projected as regular polygon by its number of channels on axial cross section;
(4) according to the pressure transducer measurement result, measuring intervals of TIME between each sound channel is adjusted in real time, when every twang road carries out flow measurement, signal processing module reads pressure sensor data, calculates all twang roads and measures corresponding pressure transducer measurement result variance constantly; If pressure transducer measurement result variance less than setting value A0, thinks that then each twang road measurement result is effective; If pressure transducer measurement result variance is greater than setting value A0, think that then each twang road measurement result is invalid, the measuring intervals of TIME that reduces between each sound channel is measured again, and less than setting value A0, then the tangential fluid-velocity survey result of Ci Shi each is effective until pressure transducer measurement result variance;
(5) all twang roads are measured flow velocity averages, and as the mean flow rate measurement result, calculates mean flow rate measurement result and the ratio between the measured flow velocity numerical value of sound channel radially, judges the residing state in flow field by this ratio.
When described regular polygon is equilateral triangle twang road, for the quadraphonic of equilateral triangle twang road+footpath sound channel was arranged: ratio was during less than k1=3/4, the judgement flow field is laminar condition, adopts laminar flow flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is during greater than k2=4/5, and the judgement flow field is disturbed flow condition, adopts turbulent flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is in k1 between the k2 time, and the flow field is in the transition state between layer turbulent flow, adopts transition state flow correction model, measures from mean flow rate and calculates volumetric flow rate; Laminar flow flow correction model and turbulent flow correction model obtain in advance by the flow calibration experiment.
When described regular polygon is square twang road, for the five-sound channel of square twang road+footpath sound channel is arranged: ratio is during less than k1=0.5, and judgements flow field is laminar condition, and employing laminar flow flow correction model is from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is during greater than k2=0.84, and the judgement flow field is disturbed flow condition, adopts turbulent flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is in k1 between the k2 time, and the flow field is in the transition state between layer turbulent flow, adopts transition state flow correction model, measures from mean flow rate and calculates volumetric flow rate; Laminar flow flow correction model and turbulent flow correction model obtain in advance by the flow calibration experiment.
Two, a kind of multichannel device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow:
The present invention arranges in five equilibrium space on pipeline section that it is the transducer of 2 times of channel number that number is installed, and wherein the line of per two transducers constitutes a sound channel, and the axis of its sound channel and pipeline section is 15 ° ~ 75 °; Front end in the sound channel measured zone is arranged a pressure transducer, and pressure transducer equates with the distance of the axial centre position of each sound channel; The corresponding sound channel of each transducer is divided into tangential sound channel and sound channel radially, namely by one radially sound channel and three tangential sound channels constitute, each tangential sound channel is projected as equilateral triangle by its channel number on axial cross section, radially sound channel is parallel with the base of equilateral triangle; Or by one radially sound channel and four tangential sound channels constitute, each tangential sound channel is projected as square by its number of channels on axial cross section, radially sound channel is parallel with foursquare one side.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
(1) according to the real-time detection of pressure transducer stream field pressure condition, can be made comparisons by pressure variance yields and the initial value of one-period flow field, and then increase or reduce the time interval that sound channel is measured, the sound channel Measuring Time that realizes multichannel every real-time adjustment.Make this flowmeter can adapt to the occasion of flow field violent change, metering is the result more gear to actual circumstances, and is more accurate.And the measuring intervals of TIME between each sound channel of classic method can't be adjusted voluntarily according to operating mode, the existing method that the real-time monitoring result of more groundless pressure transducer is adjusted.
(2) there are radially sound channel and tangential sound channel in each sound channel of the present invention simultaneously, two kinds of measured speed are done ratio, can judge that namely current flow field state is to be in laminar flow or turbulent flow.
(3) projection of tangential sound channel of the present invention on axial vane surface is equilateral triangle or square, all is that the sound channel of the complete symmetry of rule is arranged, can effectively eliminate the radial velocity component in flow field for the influence of the mobility of the axial direction of reality.
(4) in two kinds of sound channel arrangements disclosed in this invention, though the quadraphonic in " equilateral triangle twang road+footpath sound channel " is arranged its twang road axis projection and also is equilateral triangle, this is the same with traditional scheme (), but axial projection equilateral triangle or foursquare each limit are an independently sound channel among the present invention, every limit the center of corresponding sound channel equate with axial distance between the pressure transducer, to guarantee that pressure transducer has identical space and time reference to each sound channel, and in the traditional scheme (), three limits of each equilateral triangle are the same sound channel with two secondary reflections, and the axial centre position on every limit is also different.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front elevation that the present invention " equilateral triangle twang road+footpath sound channel " quadraphonic is arranged.
Fig. 2 is the axis projection figure that the present invention " equilateral triangle twang road+footpath sound channel " quadraphonic is arranged.
Fig. 3 is the front elevation that the present invention " square twang road+footpath sound channel " five-sound channel is arranged.
Fig. 4 is the axis projection figure that the present invention " square twang road+footpath sound channel " five-sound channel is arranged.
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of adjusting measuring intervals of TIME between each sound channel among the present invention according to the pressure transducer measurement result in real time.
Among Fig. 1, Fig. 2: 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B are the transducer of transceiver.1,2,3 be tangential sound channel line, 4, sound channel line radially, 5, pressure transducer, 1,2,3 sound channels are equilateral triangle at axial cross section and arrange.
Among Fig. 3, Fig. 4: 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 6A, 6B are the transducer of transceiver.1,2,3,6 is tangential sound channel line, 4, sound channel line radially, 5, pressure transducer.1,2,3,6 sound channels are arranged in squares at axial cross section.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention arranges that every 120 ° of five equilibrium spaces the transducer that two transceivers are installed is three tangential sound channels of one group and sound channel radially on pipeline section, be that the transducer 1A of transceiver and the line of 1B constitute the 1st sound channel, the transducer 2A of transceiver and the line of 2B constitute the transducer 3A of the 2nd sound channel and transceiver and the line of 3B constitutes the 3rd sound channel, and 4A and 4B constitute radially sound channel; Article three, sound channel is projected as equilateral triangle on axial cross section, be 1A(3B), 2A(1B) and the 3A(2B) equilateral triangles that constitute of three sound channels, radially sound channel is parallel with the base of equilateral triangle, the axis of every sound channel line and pipeline section is 15 ° ~ 75 °, front end pipeline section in the sound channel measured zone is arranged a pressure transducer 5, and pressure transducer 5 equates with the distance of the axial centre position of each sound channel.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the present invention arranges that every 90 ° of five equilibrium spaces the transducer that two transceivers are installed is four sound channels of one group and sound channel radially on pipeline section, be that the transducer 1A of transceiver and the line of 1B constitute the 1st sound channel, the line that the transducer 2A of transceiver and the line of 2B constitute the transducer 3A of the 2nd sound channel, transceiver and 3B constitutes the transducer 6A of the 3rd sound channel and transceiver and the line of 6B constitutes the 4th sound channel, and 4A and 4B constitute radially sound channel; Article four, sound channel is projected as square on axial cross section, be 1A(6B), 2A(1B), 3A(2B) and the positive quadrangle that constitutes of 6A (3B) sound channel, radially sound channel 4 is parallel with one side of square, the axis of every sound channel line and pipeline section is 15 ° ~ 75 °, front end pipeline section in the sound channel measured zone is arranged a pressure transducer 5, and pressure transducer 5 equates with the distance of the axial centre position of each sound channel.
Among Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, pressure transducer is positioned at the leading portion of whole sound channel test zone, is used for obtaining pipeline pressure information and monitors pipeline flow field situation of change in real time.Axis projection is that equilateral triangle or foursquare each limit are an independently sound channel, every limit the center of corresponding sound channel equate to guarantee pressure transducer each sound channel to be had identical space and time reference with axial distance between the pressure transducer.
As shown in Figure 5, the measuring intervals of TIME between each sound channel, the real-time detection by pressure transducer stream field situation realizes the self-adaptation adjustment.Need carry out one time pressure detection when each sound channel is measured, following of nominal situation needs its tangential sound channel is measured.Utilize the mathematical model of discrete random variable, ask the variance of these three force value, if the variance of these three force value is during less than setting value A0, think that then the flow field situation of this time measurement is stable, the sound channel measured value of gained meets the requirements, behind predetermined dormancy time TS, carry out measurement next time again.If the variance of the force value of this time measurement during less than 0.8 times of setting value A0, is increased to 120% of initial value T0 with the measuring intervals of TIME between each sound channel.If the variance of this time measured pressure value is during greater than setting value A0, this measurements of then resetting, and the measuring intervals of TIME between each sound channel is reduced to 80% of initial value T0, do not experience dormancy time TS and directly restart measurement with this time interval.When the variance of the force value of measurement gained was less than setting value A0 after if measuring intervals of TIME changed between each sound channel, think that then the flow field situation in this moment is stable, the sound channel measured value of gained meets the requirements.If do not meet, then the time interval of measuring between each sound channel is reduced to 60% of initial value T0, do not experience the measurement that dormancy time TS begins each sound channel again successively.And the like, if the variance of measuring intervals of TIME measured force value after changing does not still meet the requirement less than setting value A0, then the time interval of measuring between each sound channel is reduced to again initial value T0 40%, 20%, 10% in addition littler, until the variance of the measured pressure test value of double perfect measurement during all less than setting value A0, think that then the flow field is in stability state, flow field state does not become, and twang road measurement result is effective.
When twang road measurement result is effective, carry out the once radially measurement of sound channel, in order to judge the whether transformation of genetic horizon turbulent flow situation of flow field.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, after having surveyed, 1,2,3 sound channels carry out the measurement of 4 sound channels.In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, after having surveyed, 1,2,3,6 sound channels carry out the measurement of 4 sound channels.The flow rate information that all twang roads are measured averages, as the mean flow rate measurement result.Calculate mean flow rate measurement result and the ratio between the measured flow velocity numerical value of sound channel radially.For the quadraphonic in " equilateral triangle twang road+footpath sound channel " was arranged: ratio was during less than k1=3/4, and judgements flow field is laminar condition, and employing laminar flow flow correction model is from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is during greater than k2=4/5, and the judgement flow field is disturbed flow condition, adopts turbulent flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is in k1 between the k2 time, and the flow field is in the transition state between layer turbulent flow, adopts transition state flow correction model, measures from mean flow rate and calculates volumetric flow rate.For " square twang road+footpath sound channel " five-sound channel is arranged, k1 value 0.5, k2 value 0.84.Laminar flow flow correction model and turbulent flow correction model obtain in advance by the flow calibration experiment.
Claims (4)
1. a multichannel ultrasonic flow measuring method is characterized in that, the step of this method is as follows:
(1) arrange a pressure transducer at the front end of sound channel measured zone, pressure transducer equates with the distance of the axial centre position of each sound channel;
(2) at pipeline section number being installed is the transducer of 2 times of channel number, and wherein the line of per two transducers constitutes a sound channel, and the axis of sound channel and pipeline section is 15 ° ~ 75 °;
(3) the corresponding sound channel of each transducer is divided into tangential sound channel and sound channel radially, and radially sound channel and at least three tangential sound channels are namely arranged, and each tangential sound channel is projected as regular polygon by its number of channels on axial cross section;
(4) according to the pressure transducer measurement result, measuring intervals of TIME between each sound channel is adjusted in real time, when every twang road carries out flow measurement, signal processing module reads pressure sensor data, calculates all twang roads and measures corresponding pressure transducer measurement result variance constantly; If pressure transducer measurement result variance less than setting value A0, thinks that then each twang road measurement result is effective; If pressure transducer measurement result variance is greater than setting value A0, think that then each twang road measurement result is invalid, the measuring intervals of TIME that reduces between each sound channel is measured again, and less than setting value A0, then the tangential fluid-velocity survey result of Ci Shi each is effective until pressure transducer measurement result variance;
(5) all twang roads are measured flow velocity averages, and as the mean flow rate measurement result, calculates mean flow rate measurement result and the ratio between the measured flow velocity numerical value of sound channel radially, judges the residing state in flow field by this ratio.
2. a kind of multichannel ultrasonic flow measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described regular polygon is equilateral triangle twang road, for the quadraphonic of equilateral triangle twang road+footpath sound channel was arranged: ratio was during less than k1=3/4, the judgement flow field is laminar condition, adopt laminar flow flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is during greater than k2=4/5, and the judgement flow field is disturbed flow condition, adopts turbulent flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is in k1 between the k2 time, and the flow field is in the transition state between layer turbulent flow, adopts transition state flow correction model, measures from mean flow rate and calculates volumetric flow rate; Laminar flow flow correction model and turbulent flow correction model obtain in advance by the flow calibration experiment.
3. a kind of multichannel ultrasonic flow measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described regular polygon is square twang road, for the five-sound channel of square twang road+footpath sound channel was arranged: ratio was during less than k1=0.5, the judgement flow field is laminar condition, adopt laminar flow flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is during greater than k2=0.84, and the judgement flow field is disturbed flow condition, adopts turbulent flow correction model, from mean flow rate measurement result volume calculated flow; Ratio is in k1 between the k2 time, and the flow field is in the transition state between layer turbulent flow, adopts transition state flow correction model, measures from mean flow rate and calculates volumetric flow rate; Laminar flow flow correction model and turbulent flow correction model obtain in advance by the flow calibration experiment.
4. a kind of multichannel device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow of method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The five equilibrium space arranges that it is the transducer of 2 times of channel number that number is installed on pipeline section, and wherein the line of per two transducers constitutes a sound channel, and the axis of its sound channel and pipeline section is 15 ° ~ 75 °; Front end in the sound channel measured zone is arranged a pressure transducer, and pressure transducer equates with the distance of the axial centre position of each sound channel; The corresponding sound channel of each transducer is divided into tangential sound channel and sound channel radially, namely by one radially sound channel and three tangential sound channels constitute, each tangential sound channel is projected as equilateral triangle by its channel number on axial cross section, radially sound channel is parallel with the base of equilateral triangle; Or by one radially sound channel and four tangential sound channels constitute, each tangential sound channel is projected as square by its number of channels on axial cross section, radially sound channel is parallel with foursquare one side.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN103698058A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 合肥瑞纳表计有限公司 | Quadraphonic ultrasonic heat meter |
| CN104596601A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-05-06 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic flow meter sensor with eight sound channels |
| CN106092229A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江大学 | Useful signal Blind extracting method and apparatus for ultrasonic gas flowmeter |
| CN106404085A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-15 | 杭州思筑智能设备有限公司 | Ultrasonic wave flowmeter |
| CN106643987A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 浙江大学 | Fault diagnosis and compensation method for multi-channel ultrasonic gas flow meter |
| CN107356297A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-17 | 成都声立德克技术有限公司 | Plug-in type ultrasonic flowmeter, Flow Measuring System and method |
| CN108463695A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2018-08-28 | 代傲表计有限公司 | The supersonic flow fluid meter and method of flow and/or volume for determining flow media |
| CN109084853A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-25 | 浙江启尔机电技术有限公司 | A kind of axial direction multichannel formula ultrasonic flow rate measuring device |
| CN109506728A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-22 | 江苏华尔威科技集团有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic flow rate counter device |
| CN111964737A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-20 | 李卓 | Calculation method of automatic calibration ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN113702662A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 河北大学 | Multi-channel synchronous emission flow velocity measuring device and method |
| CN114543950A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-27 | 安徽汉威电子有限公司 | Orthogonal measurement method based on multi-channel ultrasonic water meter and multi-channel ultrasonic water meter |
| CN114689104A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-07-01 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | Self-calibration system and method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for large flue |
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| CN103698058A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 合肥瑞纳表计有限公司 | Quadraphonic ultrasonic heat meter |
| CN104596601A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-05-06 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic flow meter sensor with eight sound channels |
| CN106404085A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-15 | 杭州思筑智能设备有限公司 | Ultrasonic wave flowmeter |
| CN106404085B (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2019-02-19 | 杭州思筑智能设备有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN108463695B (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2020-07-07 | 代傲表计有限公司 | Ultrasonic fluid meter and method for determining the flow rate and/or volume of a flowing medium |
| CN108463695A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2018-08-28 | 代傲表计有限公司 | The supersonic flow fluid meter and method of flow and/or volume for determining flow media |
| CN106092229A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江大学 | Useful signal Blind extracting method and apparatus for ultrasonic gas flowmeter |
| CN106092229B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-12-04 | 浙江大学 | For the useful signal Blind extracting method and apparatus of ultrasonic gas flowmeter |
| CN106643987A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 浙江大学 | Fault diagnosis and compensation method for multi-channel ultrasonic gas flow meter |
| CN107356297A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-17 | 成都声立德克技术有限公司 | Plug-in type ultrasonic flowmeter, Flow Measuring System and method |
| CN109084853A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-25 | 浙江启尔机电技术有限公司 | A kind of axial direction multichannel formula ultrasonic flow rate measuring device |
| CN109506728A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-22 | 江苏华尔威科技集团有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic flow rate counter device |
| CN111964737A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-20 | 李卓 | Calculation method of automatic calibration ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN113702662A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 河北大学 | Multi-channel synchronous emission flow velocity measuring device and method |
| CN113702662B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-01-12 | 河北大学 | Multichannel synchronous emission flow velocity measurement device and method |
| CN114543950A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-27 | 安徽汉威电子有限公司 | Orthogonal measurement method based on multi-channel ultrasonic water meter and multi-channel ultrasonic water meter |
| CN114689104A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-07-01 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | Self-calibration system and method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for large flue |
| CN114689104B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2024-01-12 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | Self-calibration system and method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for large flue |
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