CN114689104A - Self-calibration system and method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for large flue - Google Patents
Self-calibration system and method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for large flue Download PDFInfo
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- CN114689104A CN114689104A CN202210293294.6A CN202210293294A CN114689104A CN 114689104 A CN114689104 A CN 114689104A CN 202210293294 A CN202210293294 A CN 202210293294A CN 114689104 A CN114689104 A CN 114689104A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-calibration system and a self-calibration method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for a large flue, belonging to the technical field of greenhouse gas monitoring, wherein the self-calibration system of the ultrasonic sensing equipment for the large flue comprises first ultrasonic equipment arranged at a point A of the large flue and second ultrasonic equipment arranged at a point B of the large flue; the included angle alpha of the sound channels between the two ultrasonic devices is not 90 degrees; it is characterized by at least comprising: a third ultrasonic device for calibration; the third ultrasonic equipment is horizontally arranged; the calibration module is used for receiving data of the three ultrasonic devices, analyzing data of the third ultrasonic device and calibrating the first ultrasonic device and the second ultrasonic device according to an analysis result; the third ultrasonic equipment is a sound velocity meter. By adopting the technical scheme, the calibration function of the ultrasonic sensing equipment can be quickly and accurately realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse gas monitoring, and particularly relates to a self-calibration system and a self-calibration method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for a large flue.
Background
As is well known, ultrasonic sensing devices utilize ultrasonic waves as an information source to obtain different parameters of a target, and have been widely used in fluids (gas or liquid); for example, in a large flue (the general caliber is more than three meters), the flow velocity, the temperature and the like of the flue gas are often monitored by adopting ultrasonic sensing equipment;
the traditional ultrasonic sensing equipment at least comprises an ultrasonic sensor and an ultrasonic receiver; the ultrasonic sensor and the ultrasonic receiver are positioned on two sides of the inner wall of the large flue and are positioned on the same straight line; the angle between the straight line and the vertical plane is generally defined as alpha; as shown in fig. 1, a transducer is installed at each of the two ends a and B of the pipe to transmit and receive ultrasonic pulses. The sound channel (the connecting line between the two transducers) penetrates through the flue at a certain angle with the vertical direction, and the two transducers transmit and receive ultrasonic waves mutually. When the gas in the flue has a certain flow velocity v, the transit time of the acoustic pulse from A to B (the downstream velocity direction) is shortened, the transit time from B to A (the upstream velocity direction) is increased, and the crossing time difference has a certain functional relation with the flow velocity of the flue gas, so that the flow velocity of the flue gas in the flue can be measured by measuring the transit time; the transit time is shown by the following equation:
wherein: l is the vocal tract length; c is the speed of sound; v is the flue gas flow rate; alpha is the sound channel included angle; t is tABIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from A to B; t is tBAIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from B to A;
subtracting equation 2 from equation 1 yields the relationship between measured gas flow rate and transit time:
the relationship between the sound velocity c and the transit time can be obtained by adding and processing the formula 1 and the formula 2:
if the single-channel system is adopted, the average flow velocity v is multiplied by the cross-sectional area A of the measuring section, and then the volume flow can be obtained.
Q=A·v(5)
Practice shows that due to the fact that the transducer is installed at a high random, the sound channel length L can be changed to a certain extent under different working conditions (such as temperature is reduced remarkably and pressure and gas flow rate are changed remarkably) or under the conditions that solid and liquid pollutants exist on the surface of the transducer, and the system is uncertain to a large extent if the calibration is not timely.
The conventional calibration has the following problems: when the gas flow velocity in the flue is zero, the transition time tABAnd tBAEqual (denoted as t)0) At this time:
the calibration L can be obtained in conjunction with equation 4. However, as the flue is as high as 100 meters and has a diameter of 4 meters, the large pipe is difficult to ensure that the flow velocity of the flue gas is zero, thereby generating certain uncertainty on calibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-calibration system and a self-calibration method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for a large flue, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art and are used for quickly and accurately realizing the calibration function of the ultrasonic sensing equipment.
The invention provides a self-calibration system of ultrasonic sensing equipment for a large-scale flue, which comprises:
the first ultrasonic equipment is arranged at the point A of the large flue, and the second ultrasonic equipment is arranged at the point B of the large flue; the included angle alpha of the sound channels between the two ultrasonic devices is not 90 degrees;
a third ultrasonic device for calibration; the third ultrasonic equipment is horizontally arranged;
and the calibration module is used for receiving the data of the three ultrasonic devices, analyzing the data of the third ultrasonic device and calibrating the first ultrasonic device and the second ultrasonic device according to the analysis result.
Preferably, the third ultrasonic device is a sound velocimeter.
Preferably, the calibration module acquires the sound velocity C of the ultrasonic wave according to a sound velocity meter; the channel length L between the first and second ultrasound devices is calibrated according to the following relationship:
wherein: l is the sound channel length of the sound velocimeter; v is the flue gas flow rate; t is tABIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from A to B; t is tBAIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from B to A; l is0Calibrating a length for the vocal tract; t is tmIs the transit time of the sound velocimeter.
Preferably, the points A and B are coplanar with the central axis of the large flue.
Preferably, the ultrasonic wave of the third ultrasonic equipment passes through the central axis of the large flue.
The invention also provides a self-calibration method of the ultrasonic sensing equipment for the large-scale flue, which at least comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring parameters; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining t by a first ultrasonic device and a second ultrasonic deviceABAnd tBA;
Obtaining l and t by a third ultrasound devicem;
S2, analyzing data; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the acoustic channel length L between the first ultrasonic apparatus and the second ultrasonic apparatus is calibrated according to the above-mentioned sound velocity c and the following relationship:
wherein: l is the sound channel length of the sound velocimeter; v is the flue gas flow rate; t is tABIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from A to B; t is tBAIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from B to A; l is0Calibrating a length for the vocal tract; t is tmIs the transit time of the sound velocimeter.
Preferably, it further comprises S3:
according to L0Calculating the flue gas velocity according to the following relation;
the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
according to the invention, the sound velocity c can be accurately obtained by arranging the third ultrasonic equipment in the horizontal direction, so that the sound channel length L between the first ultrasonic equipment and the second ultrasonic equipment is calibrated; the accuracy of the system can be improved well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional measurement system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 2, a self-calibration system of an ultrasonic sensing device for a large flue includes:
the first ultrasonic equipment is arranged at the point A of the large flue, and the second ultrasonic equipment is arranged at the point B of the large flue; the included angle alpha of the sound channels between the two ultrasonic devices is not 90 degrees;
a third ultrasonic device for calibration; the third ultrasonic equipment is horizontally arranged;
and the calibration module is used for receiving the data of the three ultrasonic devices, analyzing the data of the third ultrasonic device and calibrating the first ultrasonic device and the second ultrasonic device according to the analysis result. Wherein: the third ultrasonic equipment is a high-precision sound velocimeter.
The invention can automatically calibrate the sound channel length aiming at larger working condition difference, thereby reducing the uncertainty of the system.
The principle is as follows:
a high-precision sound velocity meter is arranged at a distance of x meters above/below a section to be measured (between the point A and the point B) (the installation position needs to be further determined), the high-precision sound velocity meter is perpendicular to the flue and inserted into the gas, and the sound velocity meter is perpendicular to the flow velocity of the flue gas, so that the transit time (t) measured by the sound velocity meter is not influenced by the flow velocity of the flue gasCD=tDC) Is denoted by tm。
The calibration module acquires the sound velocity c of ultrasonic waves according to a sound velocity meter; the channel length L between the first and second ultrasound devices is calibrated according to the following relationship:
wherein: l is the sound channel length of the sound velocimeter; v is the flue gas flow rate; t is tABIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from A to B; t is tBAIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from B to A; l is0For correcting sound trackA quasi-length; t is tmIs the transit time of the sound velocimeter.
And the point A and the point B are coplanar with the central axis of the large flue.
And the ultrasonic wave of the third ultrasonic equipment passes through the central shaft of the large flue.
Since the length of the sound channel l between a pair of transducers of the high-precision sound velocity meter is known, the measured transit time tmThe speed of sound can be found as follows:
then, in conjunction with equation 4, the sound track calibration length (L) is obtained after simplification0) The following are:
therefore, the corresponding calibrated sound channel length under different working conditions can be obtained, and the real-time calibration of the sound channel length can be realized.
The method is also suitable for the channel length self-calibration of the multichannel system.
A self-calibration method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for a large flue comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring parameters; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining t by a first ultrasonic device and a second ultrasonic deviceABAnd tBA;
Obtaining l and t by a third ultrasound devicem;
S2, analyzing data; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the acoustic channel length L between the first ultrasonic apparatus and the second ultrasonic apparatus is calibrated according to the above-mentioned sound velocity c and the following relationship:
wherein: l is the sound channel length of the sound velocimeter; v is the flue gas flow rate; alpha is the sound channel included angle; t is tABIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from A to B; t is tBAIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from B to A; l is0Calibrating a length for the vocal tract; t is tmIs the transit time of the sound velocimeter.
S3: according to L0Calculating the flue gas velocity according to the following relation;
the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to carry out the same, and the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments, i.e. the equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A self-calibration system of ultrasonic sensing equipment for a large flue; the device comprises a first ultrasonic device arranged at a point A of the large flue and a second ultrasonic device arranged at a point B of the large flue; the included angle alpha of the sound channels between the two ultrasonic devices is not 90 degrees; it is characterized by at least comprising:
a third ultrasonic device for calibration; the third ultrasonic equipment is horizontally arranged;
and the calibration module is used for receiving the data of the three ultrasonic devices, analyzing the data of the third ultrasonic device and calibrating the first ultrasonic device and the second ultrasonic device according to the analysis result.
2. The large flue ultrasonic sensing device self-calibration system according to claim 1, wherein the third ultrasonic device is a sound velocity meter.
3. The self-calibration system of the ultrasonic sensing equipment for the large flue according to claim 2, wherein the calibration module obtains the sound velocity c of ultrasonic waves according to a sound velocity meter; the channel length L between the first and second ultrasound devices is calibrated according to the following relationship:
wherein: l is the sound channel length of the sound velocimeter; v is the flue gas flow rate; t is tABIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from A to B; t is tBAIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from B to A; l is0Calibrating a length for the vocal tract; t is tmIs the transit time of the sound velocimeter.
4. The large flue ultrasonic sensing device self-calibration system according to claim 1, wherein the points A and B are coplanar with the central axis of the large flue.
5. The large flue ultrasonic sensing device self-calibration system according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave of the third ultrasonic device passes through the central axis of the large flue.
6. A self-calibration method of ultrasonic sensing equipment for a large flue is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring parameters; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
by means of a first ultrasonic device and a second ultrasonic deviceUltrasonic device acquisition tABAnd tBA;
Obtaining l and t by a third ultrasound devicem;
S2, analyzing data; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the acoustic channel length L between the first ultrasonic apparatus and the second ultrasonic apparatus is calibrated according to the above-mentioned sound velocity c and the following relationship:
wherein: l is the sound channel length of the sound velocimeter; v is the flue gas flow rate; t is tABIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from A to B; t is tBAIs the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse from B to A; l is0Calibrating a length for the vocal tract; t is tmIs the transit time of the sound velocimeter.
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