Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problem of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of seashore wave energy cyclone power generation and device, is a kind of by catching the more weak wave of intensity, the low water head it formed, by the mode of vertical tube eddy flow, and the water wheel power generating method of driving and device.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of seashore wave energy eddy flow electricity generating device, comprise: be arranged on and shore line meets slope, sea, described meet the intake that multilayer slope, sea arranged higher than mean tide tlevel catches wave, undermost first layer intake is connected with the pond of accumulation seawater, the base plate in described pond is a little less than mean tide tlevel, the base plate in described pond arranges contraction guide wall, unidirectional flap valve is installed at the contraction mouth place of described contraction guide wall, described unidirectional flap valve downstream is horizontally-arranged arranges multiple diversion pier, in described diversion pier downstream, horn mouth vertical tube is set, the water turbine be connected with generator coaxle is installed in described horn mouth vertical tube, described horn mouth vertical tube is connected with draft tube, in the horn mouth outer rim of described horn mouth vertical tube, circumferentially multiple rotating pier is evenly set, more than the second layer each layer intake connects a platform jointly, and the rotatingshaft of described unidirectional flap valve is installed in the bottom of described platform end.
Use said apparatus to realize a method for seashore wave energy eddy flow generating, the step of described method is as follows:
Seawater enters the step of first layer intake: wave climbing progressively raises, and first enters first layer intake;
The step that seawater is assembled: seawater enters pond from first layer intake, and flow to the gathering of side, pond and to the unidirectional flap valve in downstream shrink the effect of guide wall in pond under;
The step that unidirectional flap valve is opened: the current shrinking guide wall gathering wash unidirectional flap valve open;
Produce the step of eddy flow: current flow along a direction in downstream, pond under the effect of diversion pier;
Generate the step of ventilation spiral flow: under the effect of rotating pier, current produce eddy flow around tubaeform vertical tube, and in vertical tube, form the spiral flow of ventilation, and the spiral flow center of described ventilation is air, the current around around spiral decline;
The step of switching energy: the spiral flow of described ventilation drives water turbine, and then drive electrical generators generating;
Seawater enters the step of the above intake of the second layer: wave raises, and enters two layers, three layers with this, and more high-rise intake;
The step that seawater falls after rise from high-rise intake: enter third layer, two layers and one deck intake respectively successively;
Seawater assembles the step of potential energy: drop to except pond after the seawater of second layer intake enters platform, the seawater of other three, four high-rise intake all directly alternately drops in platform, and enters the downstream of unidirectional flap valve at the end of platform;
The step that unidirectional flap valve is closed: due to the potential energy of the seawater that the second layer flows into upper strata intake, pressure is greater than the seawater entered from first layer intake, and unidirectional flap valve is closed, keeps horn mouth vertical tube constantly gathers productive head;
Below repeat to produce the step of eddy flow, generate the step of spiral flow, the step of switching energy of ventilation.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is: the present invention utilizes multilayer intake on slope to catch seawater, the intake of seawater is caught by multilayer, share a pond and unidirectional flap valve, and horn mouth vertical tube is set, and rotating pier is set in horn mouth vertical tube outer rim, be the spiral flow that current produce ventilation, water turbine set rotary electrification can be driven under various tidal level and low water head.And the stability of generating is better, can be grid-connected.The basis of wave energy eddy flow electricity generating device of the present invention can adopt coarse aggregate concrete caisson foundation and reinforced concrete superstructure, is combined and builds, can share construction investment with breakwater, reduces the cost of electricity generating device.Because wave energy eddy flow electricity generating device of the present invention makes upstream and downstream both sides communicate, and large quantity of air is mixed in eddy flow, build if be combined with breakwater, breakwater downstream can be made constantly to flow into extra large water and air fresh in a large number, the water quality at harbour in breakwater can be purified, be conducive to ocean biological self reproducing in dike, and improve the ecological environment.The feature of Wave energy electric generator of the present invention is, can continuous print generating under why not regular wave condition in office, and the stability therefore generated electricity is better, can be grid-connected.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is a kind of seashore wave energy eddy flow electricity generating device, as shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4,5.The present embodiment comprises: be arranged on and shore line meets slope, sea, described meet the intake that multilayer slope, sea arranged higher than mean tide tlevel M catches wave and (in Fig. 1-4, only depict 4 intakes, actual can be plural intake), described intake is connected with the pond of accumulation seawater, the base plate in described pond is a little less than mean tide tlevel, the base plate in described pond arranges contraction guide wall, unidirectional flap valve is installed at the contraction mouth place of described contraction guide wall, described unidirectional flap valve downstream is horizontally-arranged arranges multiple diversion pier, in described diversion pier downstream, horn mouth vertical tube is set, the water turbine be connected with generator coaxle is installed in described horn mouth vertical tube, described horn mouth vertical tube is connected with draft tube.In the horn mouth outer rim of described horn mouth vertical tube, multiple rotating pier (only depict 6 rotating piers in Fig. 3,4, actual can also arrange 4-8 and rotating pier) is circumferentially evenly set.More than the second layer each layer intake connects a platform, and described platform is arranged on the top, pond between first layer intake and described unidirectional flap valve, installs the rotary bearing of described unidirectional flap valve in the bottom of described platform end.Second and third, four layers of intake seawater of catching all drops to accumulation of energy and release in first layer pond successively.
Fig. 1-4 provides width for b(b=8m-10m) the present embodiment described in a modular construction of device.If being Nb(N > 10, N by width expansion is the number of device), then can form the harbour mole of total length generating.The basis in breakwater wave energy power station is the concrete caisson of large aggregate, and superstructure is reinforced concrete structure, on the slope of meeting sea, to four layer of arranging higher than mean tide tlevel catch wave intake 1,2,3,4(is shown in Fig. 2).Wherein build the pond of bottom board slope i=0.02 under first layer intake, and on pond baseboard, build contraction guide wall 13 and diversion pier 5, (see Fig. 3 and 4).At the contraction mouth place of shrinking guide wall, unidirectional flap valve 12 is installed.From diversion pier, downstream is flat, i.e. i=0, and horn mouth vertical tube 6 is built at the position flat in pond, installs water turbine 9 in horn mouth vertical tube.Horn mouth outer rim layout six rotating pier 8(Fig. 3 and 4 symmetrically at horn mouth vertical tube).Build a platform 14 under second layer intake, the rotary bearing of unidirectional flap valve 12 is installed below platform end.The seawater of first layer intake directly enters pond, the seawater of second layer intake enters pond through platform, and the seawater of three, four layers of intake drops in pond with waterfall type, the seawater of all catching is all successively in unidirectional flap valve downstream storage generating and downstream (see figure 1) of releasing.The seawater that each layer intake is caught, rotates around a hydraulic turbine generator vertical pivot 7 jointly, and a common water turbine and the generator 10 of driving generates electricity, and current flow out downstream (see figure 1) by same draft tube 11.
The average floor elevation in described pond is higher than lowest water level L, even if lowest water level also can form head like this.Meet °-35 °, angle theta=30 between ramp slope between each layer intake in slope, sea and horizontal plane.Conveniently construct and expand intake, θ angle can be made from bottom to top to increase gradually.
Current in described pond enter the rotating pier of horn mouth vertical tube outer perimeter by diversion pier, spiral flow HS, LS(of making horn mouth vertical tube produce ventilation are from top to bottom shown in Fig. 5), the active force of spiral flow aggregate velocity drives water turbine wheel blade to rotate (direction see arrow in Fig. 5).The air that quality is light under the effect of eddy flow centrifugal force is collected at horn mouth vertical tube centre area, and the seawater that quality weighs flows near the wall of horn mouth vertical tube limit.In order to allow spiral flow clear air, to prevent Yong Shui, water turbine can be made up of fewer wheel blade, each wheel blade with horizontal short tube and hydraulic turbine generator vertical pivot affixed, the outer rim of blade is near the inwall of horn mouth vertical tube.Under low water head, the main promotion water turbine wheel blade of making a concerted effort by spiral flow, improves running efficiency.Fair large quantity of air is inhaled by institute in horn mouth vertical tube, is caught the air supply of seawater blending by vent (see figure 1) and intake.
The rotating pier of the multiple airfoil of layout symmetrical in the horn mouth outer rim of described horn mouth vertical tube, facing directly of rotating pier becomes 80 ° of angles with the normal of horn mouth cylindrical, the cope level of rotating pier is higher than mean tide tlevel M, a little less than highest water level H, in the import of horn mouth vertical tube, low head water turbine is installed.
For increasing the seawater flow that each intake is caught, can take the measure gathering wave, the slope by intake is widened from top to bottom gradually, and cumulative abutment wall is set up in both sides.But this scheme is only applicable to single generator unit (as island), then not too applicable for generator unit continuously arranged on breakwater.
China shore line that device described in the present embodiment is suitable for tidal level change and annual mean wave power≤10KW/m is built, and be also suitable for the large off-lying sea island of wave power are built, at this moment the depth displacement of each layer intake weir crest and mean tide tlevel can increase.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment one, is that embodiment one is about the refinement of meeting slope, sea.Sea oblique wave of meeting described in the present embodiment is widened from top to bottom gradually, meets oblique wave both sides, sea and arranges cumulative abutment wall 15(and be suitable for building on off-lying sea island), as shown in Figure 6.
Described cumulative abutment wall builds the body of wall drawn in gradually in the twice of meeting both sides, slope, sea, reduced width gradually when wave can be made from sea to rush at bank, increase wave gradually high simultaneously, form potential energy by between the cumulative wall that the kinetic energy of wave draws in gradually in twice, can rush in higher intake.Depict in Fig. 6 there are four intakes meet slope, sea, if when building on the breakwater of shore line, three layers of intake can be adopted.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is that above-described embodiment is about the refinement of meeting slope, sea.The domatic angle of inclination of meeting sea oblique wave described in the present embodiment is at 30-35 degree.
The gradient between each layer intake can change, such as, increase the gradient gradually from bottom to up, can increase the width of intake like this.
Embodiment four:
The present embodiment implements the improvement of embodiment three, is the refinement of embodiment three about intake.Intake described in the present embodiment arranges four layers, first layer intake range averaging tidal level 1 meter, second layer intake range averaging tidal level 2.2 meters, third layer intake range averaging tidal level 3.5 meters, the 4th layer of intake range averaging tidal level 4.8 meters.
On slope described in the present embodiment, each layer intake elevation of weir crest of intake is respectively y with the vertical interval of mean tide tlevel M
iif be four layers of intake, be: y
1, y
2, y
3and y
4(see figure 1).Y
isize to be determined by physical experiments optimization according to actual element of wave, mean wave power is less than to the seashore of 10KW/m, y
ireference value be (for four layers of intake):
Y
1=1m; , y
2=2.2m, y
3=3.5m and y
4=4.8m.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement of above-described embodiment about pond baseboard.The base plate in the pond described in the present embodiment is the inclined floor of the gradient 0.02 from first layer intake to diversion pier, is base slab (i=0) from diversion pier downstream.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement of above-described embodiment about pond baseboard.The base plate dispersed elevation in the pond described in the present embodiment is close to lowest water level.
Embodiment seven:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement of above-described embodiment about rotating pier.The horn mouth outer rim of the horn mouth vertical tube described in the present embodiment circumferentially evenly arranges six rotating piers, sees Fig. 7.
The number of rotating pier can not too much can not be very few, too much rotating pier water resistance dash stream unimpeded, and it is not obvious that very few rotating pier works the effect of revolving.
Embodiment eight:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement of above-described embodiment about rotating pier.The horizontal cross sectional geometry of the rotating pier described in the present embodiment is while be straight line, while seamlessly transit the rectangle of oblique line for straight line, the straight line of described rotating pier becomes 80 degree of angles with the normal of horn mouth cylindrical, the cope level of described rotating pier is higher than mean tide tlevel M, a little less than highest water level H, see Fig. 7.
The horizontal section of the rotating pier described in the present embodiment is corner cut rectangle, and the long limit of rectangle is straight, and another side is that inclination adds straight line, one side of two minor faces all arc transition, particularly corner cut, forms round end wedge angle.
Embodiment nine:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the refinement of above-described embodiment about water turbine.Water turbine described in the present embodiment is made up of four wheel blades, and the horizontal short tube of each wheel blade is fixedly connected with hydraulic turbine generator vertical pivot, and the outer rim of described blade is near the inwall of horn mouth vertical tube.
Because the current in horn mouth vertical tube are middle current for air, current are mainly along pipe wall screw Doenward flow, and therefore, the blade of the water turbine described in the present embodiment also should meet the requirement of these current.Therefore, the blade of the water turbine described in the present embodiment is connected on the vertical pivot of water turbine with four short tubes, and this also can prevent from hindering the flowing of intermediate air and the weight alleviating blade.The upstream face of described turbine blade tilts for acutangulate with plumb line, and this and general turbine blade become obtuse angle obviously different with plumb line, see Fig. 5,7.
Embodiment ten:
The present embodiment is a kind of method realizing the generating of seashore wave energy eddy flow using device described in above-described embodiment.The main thought of described method is as follows, for four layers of intake:
Low water mark situation:
In low water mark situation, general wave is smaller, wave is climbed and is just fallen back to third layer intake less than the 4th layer of intake, the part seawater caught directly drops in first layer pond, current are through diversion pier and rotating pier, form the spiral flow of ventilation at horn mouth vertical tube, drive water turbine to rotate, impel the integral shaft generator rotary electrification (see figure 1) of top layer.Then wave falls back to second layer intake, continues to catch seawater, also enters in first layer pond, through baffle pier and rotating pier, forms the spiral flow of ventilation at horn mouth vertical tube, drives water turbine and generator rotary electrification (see Fig. 2,3).Then wave falls back to first layer intake again, continues to catch seawater in the pond of this layer, opens the unidirectional flap valve at contraction mouth place, current are through baffle pier, flow to rotating pier, form the spiral flow of ventilation at horn mouth vertical tube, drive water turbine and generator rotary electrification (see Fig. 1,4).At this moment and then second wave train climb up again slope, and seawater enters rotary actuation hydraulic turbine generator generating in first layer pond through first, second and third layer of intake successively, then fall back to two successively, the uninterruptable power generation of one deck intake.Said procedure running is pressed in later continuation.
In the pond of first layer, if when the water level around horn mouth rotating pier is higher than upstream canal water level, unidirectional flap valve is closed automatically, outflow to prevent water, water turbine is kept to have certain head, during the water level of the water level near rotating pier lower than runner, unidirectional flap valve is automatically opened and is supplied water to horn mouth vertical tube.
High water mark situation:
When high water mark, usual first layer intake, pond and water turbine are flooded by seawater.When wave climbs the 4th layer of intake to top, the seawater of catching drops to rapidly on the high water mark water surface in first layer pond, because unidirectional flap valve is closed automatically, head on horn mouth vertical tube increases, current are through diversion pier and rotating pier, in horn mouth vertical tube, the spiral flow of ventilation can be produced equally, drive water turbine and generator rotary electrification.Then the seawater of part falls after rise and enters third layer intake, also drops to rapidly in first layer pond, through diversion pier and rotating pier, in horn mouth vertical tube, produces spiral flow, drives water turbine and generator rotary electrification.Then wave falls back to second layer intake again, and the seawater of catching enters in the pond of first layer, orders about electrical power generators by said procedure.Now first layer intake has been in below the seawater of high water mark, and the second time wave train starts again to climb up and, seawater repeat from second and third, four layers and fall back to the 3rd, two layer of intake uninterruptable power generation again.Continue to implement above-mentioned running generating program.
Here should point out, no matter run at low water mark or in high water mark, the acting head that seawater is formed caught by each intake, the equal spiral flow that horn mouth vertical tube can be made to produce ventilation, drive hydraulic turbine generator generating (see low water mark in Fig. 5 and the signal of high water mark fluidised form), but when low water mark runs, the aggregate velocity vector of spiral flow is smaller than angle during high water mark with horizontal sextant angle, and the former is more bigger than the active force of the latter.
The concrete steps of described method are as follows:
Seawater enters the step of first layer intake: wave climbing progressively raises, and first enters the first intake;
The step that seawater is assembled: seawater enters pond from first layer intake, and flow to the gathering of side, pond and to the unidirectional flap valve in downstream shrink the effect of guide wall in pond under.
The step that unidirectional flap valve is opened: the current shrinking guide wall gathering wash unidirectional flap valve open.
Produce the step of eddy flow: current flow along a direction in downstream, pond under the effect of diversion pier.
Generate the step of the spiral flow of ventilation: under the effect of rotating pier, current produce eddy flow around horn mouth vertical tube, and in vertical tube, form the spiral flow of ventilation, and the spiral flow center of described ventilation is air, around around the current that spiral declines.
The step of switching energy: the spiral flow of described ventilation drives water turbine, and then drive electrical generators generating;
Seawater enters the step of the above intake of the second layer: wave climbing raises, and enters two layers, three layers with this, and more high-rise intake.
The step that seawater falls after rise from high-rise intake: enter third layer, two layers and one deck intake respectively successively.Wave enters each intake from low to high when climbing, and then enters each intake from high to low when wave is decorporated.
Seawater assembles the step of potential energy: when low water mark, just higher than sea level in the pond that seawater enters first layer intake, form potential energy, the seawater entered from the intake more than second layer drops to the downstream of unidirectional flap valve successively, unidirectional flap valve is closed automatically, the water level in pond, all higher than sea level, forms potential energy.When high water mark, because seawater has flooded first layer intake, only there is not potential energy in the seawater of this layer, and the seawater that other elevation intake is caught all forms potential energy.
The step that unidirectional flap valve is closed: due to the potential energy of the seawater that the second layer flows into upper strata intake, pressure is greater than the seawater entered from first layer intake, and unidirectional flap valve is closed.
Below repeat to produce the step of eddy flow, generate the step of spiral flow, the step of switching energy of ventilation.
Finally it should be noted that, below only in order to technological scheme of the present invention to be described and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred arrangement scheme to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technological scheme of the present invention (shape of such as eddy flow vertical tube, the shape of rotating pier, the form etc. of water turbine) or equivalent replacement, and not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.