CN103192681B - A kind of automotive air-conditioning system - Google Patents
A kind of automotive air-conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103192681B CN103192681B CN201210001655.1A CN201210001655A CN103192681B CN 103192681 B CN103192681 B CN 103192681B CN 201210001655 A CN201210001655 A CN 201210001655A CN 103192681 B CN103192681 B CN 103192681B
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Abstract
Automotive air-conditioning system has: refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, four kinds of mode of operations of deice mode, comprise heat generating components temperature control loop and heat pump, wherein refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop carry out heat exchange by dual channel heat exchanger, the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, and the second runner of dual channel heat exchanger is communicated with heat generating components temperature control loop; Heat generating components temperature control loop optionally conducting to carry out cooling to heat generating components; Refrigerant first leads to described heater from compressor out, and then refrigerant is divided into two-way, and wherein the first via is led to after compartment outer heat-exchanger by the throttling of first throttle valve, and other the second road refrigerant is by leading to described dual channel heat exchanger after the second choke valve throttling. System can normally be worked under the outdoor environment of ultralow temperature, and in deicing and the pattern that heats, the heat generating components such as battery also can carry out cooling simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile air conditioning technology field, particularly a kind of electric automobile air-conditioning system.
Background technology
Along with the development of low-carbon economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction have been proposed to stricter requirement, electric automobile due toThere is the feature of energy-conserving and environment-protective, become one of development of automobile aspect from now on. But electric automobile is owing to using battery to doFor power resources, its air-conditioning system is also different from original automotive air-conditioning system.
Along with improving constantly of quality of the life, the comfort level in automobile bodies is also more and more subject to people's weightDepending on, traditional internal combustion engine type automobile, can utilize the waste heat of internal combustion engine and the heat of engine exhaust to heatCompartment, and the power of electric automobile mainly comes from motor, the heat that has lacked engine can utilize, fromAnd be difficult to reach the heating requirement in winter. In prior art, in order to realize the temperature in the compartment of electric automobileRemain on the temperature that human body sensory is comfortable, some employings various ways in compartment, heat, as adopt independenceThermal source, utilizes PTC heating; Or utilize the fuel heating such as gasoline, kerosene, ethanol; What also have adoptsUse reclaimer waste heat, the more auxiliary independent thermal source that adopts; The employing heat pump also having ensures the temperature in compartment etc.Deng.
But, in above-mentioned various mode of heatings, if adopt independent thermal source, such as: purely use PTC to enterRow heating, needs to consume the energy of more battery, and then can reduce the distance travelled of automobile; If adopt combustionMaterial heating, not only the efficiency of heating surface is lower, but also can environment be produced and be polluted, and can increase the negative of automobile simultaneouslyCarry. In addition, in current air conditioning for automobiles, blowing cold air in compartment when demist can be made in the time that weather is relatively coldBecome uncomfortable in compartment.
If denomination of invention is the invention that electric automobile heat-pump system, application number are 200510027576.8, justAdopt heat pump electric automobile is carried out to temperature control, but in this air-conditioning for demist pattern, defrosting modeHave certain limitation, in winter, near dew-point temperature car inner glass is during higher than the temperature of outside glass,Can produce fog, the sight line to driver and exerting an influence. And when the temperature outside car is during lower than zero degree, mayRain or snow amass on the surface of car external heat exchanger, and while causing heating operation, Energy Efficiency Ratio reduces. So,For air conditioning for automobiles, need to there be demist and deicing function, in the time of needs demist and deicing, in this patentCan not open internal condensation device and inner evaporator simultaneously; And can only open separately at most inner evaporator,Start refrigeration mode, can cause that like this temperature in car reduces, the comfort level in car is had a greatly reduced quality; And it is anotherCooling to heat generating components such as batteries is not set in this patent, thereby will affects the heat generating components such as battery outward,Service life.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of electric automobile air-conditioning system, makes electric automobile air conditionerSystem can be moved under round-the-clock complicated weather, and demist pattern, deice mode are provided, arbitraryWhen mode of operation, all can realize cooling to heat generating components (such as motor inverter, battery etc.), make electricityThe heat generating components such as pond are worked in normal temperature range, to keep relatively high efficiency, and can ensureThe optimization of the cost performance (initial cost, operating cost and performance) of air-conditioning system. Below the present invention adoptsTechnical scheme:
A kind of automotive air-conditioning system, comprises heat generating components temperature control loop and the heat pump system with refrigerant circulation circuitSystem, wherein refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop carry out heat exchange by dual channel heat exchanger,The first flow of described dual channel heat exchanger is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, second of dual channel heat exchangerRunner is communicated with heat generating components temperature control loop;
Described automotive air-conditioning system has: refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode totally fourPlant mode of operation, all optionally conductings of described heat generating components temperature control loop under these four kinds of mode of operationsTo carry out cooling to heat generating components;
Described heat pump comprises compressor, is positioned at vapour liquid separator, setting respectively before compressor inletTo provide the heater of heat in compartment and in compartment, provide cold cooler, be positioned at the car outside compartmentRailway carriage or compartment outer heat-exchanger; Described heater and cooler supply to described compartment according to the operating mode demand in compartmentHeat, cooling or demist;
Refrigerant first leads to described heater from compressor out, described heater out after refrigerant be divided into twoRoad, this two-way can pass through to control wherein Yi road of selective conducting: wherein the first via is led to heat exchange outside compartmentAfter the bypass flow path of device and/or described compartment outer heat-exchanger, pass through the throttling of first throttle valve, then, refrigerantArrive again first flow and/or the described cooler of described dual channel heat exchanger;
Described heater out after, other the second road refrigerant is described two by leading to after the second choke valve throttlingThe first flow of runner heat exchanger, and then to described compartment outer heat-exchanger; Dual channel heat exchanger is excellentSelect plate type heat exchanger, heat exchange efficiency is high like this.
Preferably, in the refrigerant circulation circuit of described heat pump, from described heater out twoIn pipeline, wherein first via conducting under refrigeration mode, demist pattern, these three kinds of patterns of deice mode; TheThe conducting under heating mode of two tunnels. In the time of heating mode, use like this second choke valve to carry out throttling, make secondChoke valve arranges according to the requirement of heating mode, thus effect when further raising system heatsRate.
Preferably, be provided with the 3rd bypass flow path for described first throttle valve, in the time of heating mode described inOne choke valve and described the 3rd optionally conducting of bypass flow path. Refrigerant when by heating mode like thisAfter the second choke valve throttling, can select whether to carry out twin-stage throttling by first throttle valve again, makeAutomotive air-conditioning system meets under the outdoor environment of ultralow temperature normally works.
Preferably, in described the 3rd bypass flow path being arranged in parallel with described first throttle valve, be provided with the second electricityMagnet valve is controlled the break-make of described the 3rd bypass flow path; Or with described first throttle valve be arranged in parallel describedIn three bypass flow path, be provided with check valve, and described check valve be lead to from described dual channel heat exchanger described inThe direction conducting of compartment outer heat-exchanger.
Preferably, the first flow of described dual channel heat exchanger is provided with the second bypass flow path as described twoThe bypass flow path of the first flow of runner heat exchanger, described cooler is provided with the first bypass flow path as instituteState the bypass flow path of cooler, the first bypass flow path and the second bypass flow path can distinguish with controlling conducting orNo.
Preferably, in the time of refrigeration mode, demist pattern, deice mode, refrigerant is by described heat pumpAfter first throttle valve, first hand over by the first flow of described dual channel heat exchanger or as described dual channel heatThe second bypass flow path of the bypass flow path of the first flow of parallel operation, and then by described cooler or as instituteState the first bypass flow path of the bypass flow path of cooler, i.e. the first flow of described dual channel heat exchanger or itsBypass flow path, and described cooler or its bypass flow path between the setting of connecting.
Preferably, described heat pump is provided with the first three-way solenoid valve, and the first three-way solenoid valve is arranged on instituteState in heater pipeline afterwards, the first three-way solenoid valve leads to described compartment outer heat-exchanger side for controllingTo the first via and lead to a wherein road conducting in the second tunnel of described the second choke valve, and another road cuts off.
Preferably, described first throttle valve, the second choke valve are electric expansion valve.
Preferably, be provided with the first air door at the air inlet of described heater, the first air door can step-less adjustment,Thereby realize the control and regulation of the ratio of the air quantity that passes through heater by the adjusting of described the first air door;
Preferably, described automotive air-conditioning system is also provided with ptc heater in described compartment, is heatingWhen pattern by optionally moving described ptc heater to control the temperature in compartment, and to described carWind in railway carriage or compartment is first by heater, blow by described ptc heater and then in compartment again.
Preferably, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises the blower fan of blowing in compartment, at described heat pumpSystem is in the time of demist pattern, and the wind that described blower fan is sent is first to dehumidify by described cooler, more logicalAfter crossing heater, be sent in compartment; Described heater can be according to the operating mode in compartment optionally to through removingWind after wet is heated or is not heated, to ensure the comfort level in compartment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: air-conditioning system of the present invention has four kinds of workPattern, and under these four kinds of mode of operations, all can realize cooling to heat generating components such as batteries, can avoidThe impact that the temperature of environment for use produces battery life also affects the problem of distance travelled, to ensure batteryService life and guarantee distance travelled. Air-conditioning system of the present invention, is provided with for different working modes simultaneouslyFirst throttle valve and the second choke valve, make system carry out throttling by the second choke valve in the time heating, and meets notWith the requirement of throttling under operating mode, thus the efficiency of raising system in the time heating; The present invention is directed in compartment simultaneouslyBe provided with respectively cooler and heater, can avoid the impact of high low temperature in heat exchanger, to improve heat exchangerService life; And when demist pattern, heater and cooler simultaneously, realization dehumidifying is simultaneously heated againEffect, ensures the humiture in compartment, thereby meets the comfort requirement in compartment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the pipeline connection diagram of the first detailed description of the invention of the present invention in the time of refrigeration mode;
Fig. 2 is the pipeline connection diagram of the first detailed description of the invention of the present invention in the time of heating mode;
Fig. 3 is the pipeline connection diagram of the first detailed description of the invention of the present invention in the time of demist pattern;
Fig. 4 is the pipeline connection diagram of the first detailed description of the invention of the present invention in the time of deice mode;
Fig. 5 is the wet schematic diagram of enthalpy that the first detailed description of the invention of the present invention dehumidifies in the time of demist pattern;
Fig. 6 is the pipeline connection diagram of the second detailed description of the invention of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the pipeline connection diagram (refrigeration mode) of the third detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing pairThe specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Air-conditioning system of the present invention has: refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode totally fourPlant mode of operation. As Figure 1-Figure 5, wherein Fig. 1 is this to the first detailed description of the invention of the present inventionThe pipeline connection diagram of bright the first detailed description of the invention in the time of refrigeration mode, Fig. 2 is the first of the present inventionThe pipeline connection diagram of detailed description of the invention in the time of heating mode, Fig. 3 is that the first of the present invention is specifically implementedThe pipeline connection diagram of mode in the time of demist pattern, Fig. 4 is that the first detailed description of the invention of the present invention is being removedPipeline connection diagram when ice pattern, Fig. 5 is the enthalpy of the first detailed description of the invention of the present invention in the time of dehumidifyingWet schematic diagram. Wherein the dotted line in figure represents that this place's pipeline is cut off not conducting.
As shown in Figure 1, air-conditioning system comprises heat pump and the heat generating components temperature control with refrigerant circulation circuitLoop, wherein passes through a dual channel heat exchanger between refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop16 carry out heat exchange: the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16 is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, dual channelThe second runner of heat exchanger 16 is communicated with heat generating components temperature control loop, refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating componentsTemperature control loop can carry out heat exchange at dual channel heat exchanger 16. Heat generating components temperature control loop comprises heatingParts, water pump 22, heat generating components comprises other parts that can generate heat such as battery 21 and motor inverter. HeatPumping system comprises compressor 10, be positioned at vapour liquid separator 11 before compressor inlet, arrange respectively toThe heater 18 of heat is provided in compartment and in compartment, provide cold cooler 17, be positioned at outside compartmentCompartment outer heat-exchanger 13, orifice union; Heater 18 and cooler 17 in described compartment can basesOperating mode demand in compartment is selected to carry out heat supply, cooling or demist to described compartment. Heater 18 and coolingDevice 17 can be arranged in compartment and also can be arranged at outside compartment and blow in compartment by pipeline.
Heat pump also comprises control valve member and the pipeline connecting parts that control piper refrigerant is mobile, particularly, and bagDraw together the first three-way solenoid valve 124 being arranged between heater 18 and compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, electromagnetism threeLogical valve 124 also has an interface to be connected to another of the second choke valve 141, the second choke valves 141 of throttlingEnd passes through respectively first of four-way pipeline fitting 29 and the second three-way solenoid valve 19, dual channel heat exchanger 16Runner, the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 connect; Two other interface of the second three-way solenoid valve 19 connects respectivelyBetween import, triplate line part 32, the second three-way solenoid valves 19 and the triplate line part 32 of cooler 17Runner just form the bypass flow path of cooler 17, i.e. the first bypass flow path of heat pump; The 3rd electromagnetismThe pipeline at valve 15 places has formed the bypass flow path of the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16, i.e. heat pump systemThe second bypass flow path of system; Pipeline between three-way solenoid valve 124 and compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 in additionOn be provided with triplate line part 121,28, another interface of triplate line part 121 is connected with the 4th magnetic valveAnother interface of 122, the four magnetic valves 122 is connected with triplate line part 123, triplate line part 123The import of another two interfaces and vapour liquid separator 11, the outlet by triplate line part 32 with cooler 17Connect. Between compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 and the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16, also arrange in additionThere is first throttle valve 14; The 3rd bypass flow path, the 3rd are arranged in parallel with first throttle valve 14 simultaneouslyIn bypass flow path, be provided with the second magnetic valve 20; Also be arranged in parallel for compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 in additionThe 4th bypass flow path, is provided with the first magnetic valve 34 in the 4th bypass flow path.
Heat pump comprises refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode totally four kinds of mode of operations.In the time that need to freeze in car summer, the refrigerant circulation circuit of heat pump switches to refrigeration mode, at refrigeration mouldUnder formula, making the first air door 25 apertures of heater 18 is zero, allows air channel bypass, does not allow wind through heater18; The interface that three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to the second choke valve 141 is closed, and leads to compartment outer heat-exchanger13 interface is opened; The second three-way solenoid valve 19 leads to the interface unlatching of cooler, and leads to triplate lineThe interface of part 32 is closed, and the first bypass flow path is cut off; The first magnetic valve 34 cuts out, outside compartmentThe 4th bypass flow path of heat exchanger 13 is cut off; The 4th magnetic valve 122, the second magnetic valve 20 are closed. HighThe gaseous coolant of temperature high pressure from compressor 10 out, when the heater 18, owing to now there is no wind process,So, can not produce heat exchange with air through the refrigerant of heater; Refrigerant process three-way solenoid valve 124,Arrive again triplate line part 121,28, then to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, carry out heat exchange with air here,Refrigerant is after Bas Discharged heat, and refrigerant saves to first throttle valve 14 by four-way pipeline fitting 30 againStream, after throttling, refrigerant becomes the refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure, then arrives double fluid by triplate line part 33,31 againChannel heat exchanger 16, carries out heat exchange at dual channel heat exchanger 16 refrigerants and heat generating components temperature control loop,To reduce the temperature of battery 21 heater elements such as grade, meanwhile, the water pump 22 of heat generating components temperature control loop starts,The fluid that makes heat generating components temperature control loop circulates as water, and the battery 21 of electric automobile, motor become like thisFrequently the heat of the heat generating components such as device is just by passing to the fluid of heat generating components temperature control loop, and further by pairRunner heat exchanger 16 passes to the refrigerant in refrigerant circulation circuit.
After the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16, refrigerant flows to by the second three-way solenoid valve 19 againAnother heat exchanger of compartment inner side is cooler 17, here with compartment in air carry out heat exchange, inhaleThe unnecessary heat in railway carriage or compartment of picking up the car, reaches the object of refrigeration. Refrigerant, after subcooler 17, becomes low temperatureThe fluid of the gaseous fluid of low pressure or low-temp low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase, afterwards, then by triplate line part 32,After triplate line part 123, get back to gas-liquid separator 11, the gaseous coolant (superheat state) of low-temp low-pressure returnsTo compressor 10, do work by compressor 10, then the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure is become to HTHPGaseous coolant, forms a kind of refrigeration cycle. First throttle valve can be selected heating power expansion valve; This enforcement in additionIn example, for ensureing the restriction effect of refrigerant fluid, first throttle valve is preferentially selected electric expansion valve 14.
Due to when the refrigeration mode, the heat generating components such as battery, motor inverter of electric automobile is not lowerBetter, but need certain cooling degree; For this reason, the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16 is also establishedBe equipped with the second bypass flow path, be arranged in parallel other with the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16 specificallySiphunculus road, is provided with the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 in bypass line; Like this after first throttle valve 14Refrigerant fluid can be divided into two-way by triplate line part 31, wherein the first branch road is by the 3rd Electromagnetic ControlAfter valve 15, four-way pipeline fitting 29, flow to the second three-way solenoid valve 19, the second branch roads by dual channel heat exchangeThe first flow of device 16 and heat generating components temperature control loop carry out after heat exchange, again by four-way pipeline fitting 29After flow to the second three-way solenoid valve 19, and then flow to cooler 17; Like this, by dual channel heat exchangeThe amount of the refrigerant of the first flow of device 16 can be controlled, and has correspondingly also ensured electric automobileThe requirement of the heat radiation temperature control of the heat generating components such as battery, motor inverter. , by dual channel heat exchangerThe cold medium flux of 16 first flow is to regulate by the action control of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15, by the discharge of water pump 22 regulation heating parts temperature control loops, can control easily battery simultaneouslyDeng the cold of using of heat generating components. Like this, control and the 3rd solenoid electric valve of the discharge by water pump 2215 adjusting, can control easily the heat generating components such as battery with cold, also can meet the temperature of batteryDegree is controlled in the operating temperature range of its better use. That is to say, for passing through dual channel heat exchanger16 first flow is provided with second bypass flow path, and the 3rd electricity is set in the second bypass flow pathMagnetic control valve 15, ensures by dual channel heat exchanger by the action control of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15The flow of 16 refrigerant, further ensures for heater element as the temperature controlled requirement of battery 21. ToolBody ground dual channel heat exchanger 16 can be plate type heat exchanger. In addition, can also be at dual channel heat exchangerThe junction of 16 first flow and described the second bypass flow path is as arranged triplate line part 31 or four in existing figureThe position of logical pipeline fitting 29 changes into a three-way solenoid valve is set, and same like this can control passed through dual channelThe flow of the refrigerant of the first flow of heat exchanger 16, thus reach heater element as the temperature of battery 21The requirement of controlling.
The 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 in description of the present invention has the function that flow-control regulates, and notBe confined to simple switch control.
In the time that need heat in compartment winter, system switches to heating mode as shown in Figure 2, magnetic valve 122Open, the interface that three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to triplate line part 121 is closed, and leads to the second choke valveAnother interface of 141 is opened, and the first magnetic valve 34 cuts out; The first air door 25 is opened, and also can open as shownTo maximum, avoid wind bypass and without heater 18, at this moment the type of flow of refrigerant circulation circuit is as follows:The gaseous coolant of HTHP from compressor 10 out, through heater 18, the air passing through here with addThe gaseous coolant of the HTHP of hot device 18 carries out heat exchange, flows to compartment with vehicle cabin after atmosphere temperature risingInterior temperature; And after refrigerant absorbs airborne cold, refrigerant is through three-way solenoid valve 124, again to theTwo choke valves 141 carry out throttling, and then the refrigerant after throttling passes through dual channel heat by four-way pipeline fitting 29Interchanger 16, here can be in order to the fluid of cooling heat generating components temperature control loop, then by the second electricityMagnet valve 20 (first throttle valve 14 cuts out), arrive compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 by four-way pipeline fitting 30 again,Refrigerant absorbs the laggard step evaporation of heat in outside air here, and refrigerant is then by triplate line part28, after 121 again by the 4th magnetic valve 122, and further by flowing to vapour-liquid after triplate line part 123Separator 11, return compressor 10; Complete like this circulation. At dual channel heat exchanger 16, electricityThe heater element such as pond, motor inverter carries out heat exchange heat radiation by heat generating components temperature control loop and refrigerant. ThisTime, two outlets that the second three-way solenoid valve 19 leads to cooler 17 are all closed, and refrigerant is obstructedSubcooler 17. And if have liquid refrigerants when the vapour liquid separator 11, liquid refrigerants will be storedIn vapour liquid separator 11, to avoid compressor 10 liquid hammers or to cross the cold efficiency that affects heat pump.
Similarly, in order to control refrigerant by the flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16, thereby guarantee battery,The accuracy of temperature control of the heater elements such as motor inverter, can be by circulating cold for dual channel heat exchanger 16The control of the flow of the second bypass flow path of matchmaker's first flow setting realizes, and in present embodiment, second is otherThrough-flow road is provided with the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 and carries out this passage by the control of cold medium flux. Like this,For the temperature control of the heater elements such as battery, control discharge and the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 by water pump 22Adjusting, can control easily this part with cold, the temperature of battery can be controlled to it and be suitable forOperating temperature range in.
In addition, in the time that the temperature outside car is very low, can also turn off the second magnetic valve 20, start first segmentStream valve 14, makes through refrigerant throttling further, refrigerant temperature and pressure after dual channel heat exchanger 16Power further declines, and then makes compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 can more easily draw the air heat outside compartment.Meet at automotive air-conditioning system and normally work under the outdoor environment at ultralow temperature. For this reason, first throttle valve 14,The second choke valve 141 preferred electron expansion valves, the controllability of throttling is high like this, but also can adopt heating power swollenSwollen valve or throttle type magnetic valve.
In automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention, also comprise ptc heater 26 in addition, only starting heat pumpHeat, and in compartment, temperature does not also reach while requirement, ptc heater 26 can start and heat,To ensure that the temperature in compartment reaches comfort level requirement.
In the time need to removing moisture in air or fog on glass, start demist pattern, as shown in Figure 3,The first three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to the port closing of the second choke valve 141, and the second magnetic valve 20 cuts out.The first air door 25 can be in half-open or corresponding aperture position. If need to remove fast in addition on glassFog or when steam, can directly close the first air door 25, and by corresponding airduct, directly cold windBlow to glass, reach the object of removing fast glass surface mist. Flowing of its refrigerant is: the gas of HTHPState refrigerant from compressor 10 out, through heater 18, at this moment open, so there is wind by blower fan 24Through heater 18, can produce heat exchange with air through the refrigerant of heater 18 like this, empty in heating carGas; Then refrigerant enters compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 after three-way solenoid valve 124, here can be according to needSelect whether to carry out heat exchange with air, then refrigerant carries out throttling by first throttle valve 14, becomesThe fluid of low-temp low-pressure, through the second three-way solenoid valve 19, then enters cooler 17; Here refrigerant withAir in compartment carries out heat exchange, because temperature in the relative compartment of surface temperature of cooler is much lower,Therefore in this process, if now the dew-point temperature of air is higher than the surface temperature of cooler, just have waterDivide condensation on the surface of cooler and separate out and pass through the pipeline discharge arranging, so just having reduced in compartmentThe content of airborne water vapour reduced relative humidity, thereby reach the object of demist in compartment. RefrigerantAfter subcooler, then enter vapour liquid separator 11 by pipeline, the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure is (fullAnd/or superheat state) get back to compressor 10, do work by compressor 10, then cold the gaseous state of low-temp low-pressureMatchmaker becomes the gaseous coolant of HTHP, forms a circulation. And the wind being sent in compartment is first through supercoolingWhether device 17 dries and then by heater 18, can select to heat at heater 18, soAfter again wind is delivered in compartment, like this, except humidity has also ensured the temperature in compartment simultaneously, meetComfort level requirement.
In demist, cooling if the heat generating components such as battery need, can pass through the second three-way solenoid valveThe action of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 before 19 is controlled, and the water pump 22 of open water circulation makes refrigerant first logicalCross the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16, make refrigerant in dual channel heat exchanger 16 and heat generating components temperatureFluid in control loop carries out heat exchange, also can make part refrigerant first by dual channel heat exchanger 16,Be beneficial to like this control the temperature of the fluid in heat generating components temperature control loop, control discharge by water pump 22And the action of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 regulates, can control easily the cold of using of the heat generating components such as batteryThereby control the operating temperature range that the heat generating components such as battery use.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is the first specific embodiment party of the present invention to the psychrometric chart of demist processThe wet schematic diagram of the enthalpy of formula in the time of dehumidifying: first, by outdoor new wind W point and indoor N point, be mixed togetherTo C point, be cooled to L point (dew-point temperature) through subcooler, air touch after cooler 17 higher thanThe meeting condensation moisture of dew-point temperature, then the air of separating out after moisture is heated to O by heater 18Point (being ventilation state point); Like this, the present invention can meet the needs of dehumidifying in car effectively, ensures againComfort level in car. In addition, demist pattern when present embodiment has been avoided the anti-of refrigeration and heating modeMultiple switching, in traditional air-conditioning, heater and cooler are same heat exchanger, like this in demistTime, need to constantly switch refrigeration and heating mode, make heat exchanger core body always in thermal shock state,Waste energy, along with the increase of switch mode, is easy to cause the inefficacy of heat exchanger like this. And it is of the present inventionEmbodiment only need to be controlled Electromagnetic Control valve module can complete corresponding switching, and heater only becomes popularRefrigerant, and cooler is also only walked cold refrigerant, the complete like this thermal shock of can avoiding, saves the energy. WithTime in dehumidifying, the air after again can heating and dehumidification, meets the comfort level in car. Heat of the present inventionIn pumping system, be provided with heater, two radiators of compartment outer heat-exchanger, in the time of demist pattern, can selectProperty is carried out heat exchange.
In embodiments of the present invention, the wind that compartment inner blower 24 blows out is first to remove by cooler 17After wet, again by heater 18, the last like this wind blowing out just can keep certain temperature and humidity, therebyAvoid cold wind directly to blow in compartment, blowing cold air while having solved in existing air conditioning for automobiles dehumidifying or demistThe problem that causes people's comfort level to reduce. The temperature of the wind blowing out in addition, can be by controlling the first air door25 aperture suitably regulates, while needing temperature relatively high, and the aperture of the first air door 25 relatively largeA bit, be conducive to like this keep the comfort level in compartment. In addition, the air intake of blower fan 24 comprises new wind and return air,Both ratios are controlled by the second air door 23. In addition, air-conditioning system is for compartment outer heat-exchangerAlso be provided with the 4th bypass flow path, in order to control the switching of the 4th bypass flow path, be also provided with firstMagnetic valve 34. In this pattern, can drive the first magnetic valve 34, make compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 bypass,Like this, refrigerant just can not pass through compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, thereby can save energy, improves temperatureComfort level when low in the time of demist pattern. In order to reduce the waste of energy, also can be by through the first electromagnetism threeThe refrigerant of the HTHP after logical valve 124 is divided into two-way by threeway, and wherein the first branch road flows to outside, compartmentHeat exchanger 13, carries out heat exchange with car outside air; Another branch road is by the first magnetic valve 34, thenMix with the first branch road. That is to say, for be provided with the 4th bypass by compartment outside heat exchangersRunner, and the first magnetic valve 34 is set controls the through-current capacity of these bypass flow channel, thereby ensure by outside compartmentThe cold medium flux of side heat exchanger 13; Can also turn off in addition the blower fan that blows to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13,In the process of demist, reduce the heat that compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 distributes outside car.
In addition in the time of winter, because the outer temperature of some regional car is lower, when ambient temperature is lower than zero degree or connectWhen nearly zero degree, while using heating mode, compartment outside heat exchangers 13 is for cold scattering, easy like thisMake 13 frostings of compartment outer heat-exchanger or freeze, and then affecting the efficiency of operation of heat pump, so, need to openMoving deice mode. Particularly, air-conditioning system of the present invention in the time of deice mode ruuning situation as shown in Figure 4,At this moment the first magnetic valve 34 cuts out, and the second three-way solenoid valve 19 leads to the port closing of cooler and leads toThe port opening of vapour liquid separator 11, i.e. the first bypass flow path conducting of the refrigerant of bypass cooler 17, theThe interface that one three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to the second choke valve is closed. The flow direction of refrigerant is as follows: air conditioner heatPumping system operation, compressor 10 starts, and the gaseous coolant of HTHP from compressor 10 out, is introduced intoHeater 18, when the heater 18, whether with in compartment system can be selected to carry out heat exchange, ifDo not carry out heat exchange, close the first air door 25 and blower fan 24, now there is no wind through heater 18, so,Refrigerant through heater 18 can not produce heat exchange with air; Refrigerant through the first three-way solenoid valve 124,Arrive again triplate line part 121,28, then to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, the outer heat exchange of vehicle cabin hereDevice 13, makes frost or the ice-out on compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 surfaces, and refrigerant is to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13Discharge after heat, refrigerant carries out throttling by four-way pipeline fitting 30 to first throttle valve 14 again, and at this moment theOne choke valve 14 can be opened to maximum as the aperture of electric expansion valve; After throttling, refrigerant becomes low-temp low-pressureRefrigerant, then arrives dual channel heat exchanger 16 by triplate line part 33,31, again in dual channel heat exchangeDevice 16 refrigerants and heat generating components temperature control loop can select to carry out heat exchange, to reduce battery 21 heater elements such as gradeTemperature, meanwhile, the water pump 22 of heat generating components temperature control loop starts, and makes the stream of heat generating components temperature control loopBody circulates as water, and the heat of the heat generating components such as battery 21, motor inverter of electric automobile just like thisBy passing to the fluid of heat generating components temperature control loop, and further pass to by dual channel heat exchanger 16Refrigerant in refrigerant circulation circuit. After the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16, refrigerant is again by theTwo three-way solenoid valves 19 flow to triplate line part 32,123, then flow to vapour liquid separator 11, divide in vapour-liquidFrom device 11, liquid refrigerants is stayed in vapour liquid separator 11, and gaseous coolant is got back to compressor 10 and carried out nextIndividual circulation. So vapour liquid separator 11 can make the liquid of vapour-liquid two-phase separate.
In addition, if for quickly defrosting or deicing, can also be by the first heat exchanger 18 in compartmentThe first air door close, do not allow heater 18 carry out heat exchange, arrive like this compartment outer heat-exchanger 13The temperature of refrigerant can be higher, the time of defrosting or ice just can be shorter. Usually, deice mode fortuneThe time of row is all relatively short, generally about 3-4 minute. By the time after deicing finishes, can be by workPattern is switched to heating mode operation. Heater in compartment and cooler are there is no replacing of high low temperature like thisConversion.
Introduce the second detailed description of the invention of the present invention below, Fig. 6 is the second specific embodiment party of the present inventionThe pipeline connection diagram of formula. Present embodiment is that the one in the first detailed description of the invention changes in the aboveEnter, change the second magnetic valve being arranged in parallel with first throttle valve 14 into check valve 200 specifically, andIt is the direction conducting of leading to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 from dual channel heat exchanger 16, oppositely closes;In the time of heating mode, pass through from check valve 200 by the refrigerant after dual channel heat exchanger 16, andNo longer by first throttle valve 14.
In addition, above three-way solenoid valve in embodiment can substitute by two magnetic valves, andThe setting position of the magnetic valve in embodiment also can be adjusted accordingly above; In addition at existing embodimentThe middle position that triplate line part 28 is set changes a three-way solenoid valve into, the first magnetic valve 34 and three-way pipeRoad part 28 can not wanted; As triplate line part 33,31, two can be come by a four-way pipeline fittingSubstitute; Can realize the object of the invention equally like this, thus pipeline connect control be not limited to recited aboveDetailed description of the invention.
In the embodiment of introducing above in the time of refrigeration mode, demist pattern, dual channel heat exchanger 16 withCooler 17 is that series connection arranges, and refrigerant first passes through dual channel heat exchanger 16, then arrives cooler 17; Or partly refrigerant is first to pass through dual channel heat exchanger 16, a part of refrigerant is by dual channel warm in additionThe bypass flow path of interchanger 16, both converge by cooler 17 again; The present invention is not limited to this, twoRunner heat exchanger 16 can also be arranged in parallel with cooler 17, specifically as shown in Figure 7, and wherein Fig. 7The pipeline connection diagram of the third detailed description of the invention of the present invention in the time of refrigeration mode.
Be specifically described as an example of refrigeration mode example below, as shown in Figure 7, air-conditioning system comprises and having equallyThe heat pump of refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop, refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature controlBetween loop, carry out heat exchange by a dual channel heat exchanger 16: first of dual channel heat exchanger 16Runner is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, and the second runner and the heat generating components temperature control of dual channel heat exchanger 16 are returnedRoad is communicated with, and refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop can carry out heat at dual channel heat exchanger 16Exchange. Heat generating components temperature control loop comprises heat generating components, water pump 22, and heat generating components comprises battery 21 and electricityOther parts that can generate heat such as machine frequency converter. Heat pump comprises compressor 10, is positioned at compressor inletBefore vapour liquid separator 11, respectively arrange in compartment, the heater 18 of heat is provided and carries in compartmentFor the cooler 17 of cold, be positioned at compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, orifice union outside compartment; Described compartmentInterior heater 18 and cooler 17 can be selected to supply to described compartment according to the operating mode demand in compartmentHeat, cooling or demist. Heater 18 and cooler 17 also can be arranged at outside compartment by pipeline to compartmentInterior air-supply.
Heat pump also comprises control valve member and the pipeline connecting parts that control piper refrigerant is mobile, particularly, and bagDraw together the first three-way solenoid valve 124 being arranged between heater 18 and compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, electromagnetism threeLogical valve 124 also has an interface to be connected to the second choke valve 141 of throttling; Another of the second choke valve 141End is respectively by triplate line part 36 and first of three way flow control valve 35, dual channel heat exchanger 16Runner connects; Two other interface of three way flow control valve 35 connects respectively the outlet, logical of cooler 17Cross triplate line part 123 and connect the import of vapour liquid separator 11; In addition in three-way solenoid valve 124 and compartmentOn pipeline between outer heat-exchanger 13, be provided with triplate line part 121,28, triplate line part 121Another interface that another interface is connected with the 4th magnetic valve 122, the four magnetic valves 122 is connected with triplate linePart 123, another two interfaces of triplate line part 123 and import, the three-way flowrate control of vapour liquid separator 11Valve 35 processed connects. In addition the first flow of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 and dual channel heat exchanger 16 itBetween be also provided with first throttle valve 14; Be arranged in parallel the 3rd bypass flow with first throttle valve 14 simultaneouslyRoad, is provided with the second magnetic valve 20 in the 3rd bypass flow path; In addition for compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 also alsoConnection is provided with the 4th bypass flow path, is provided with the first magnetic valve 34 in the 4th bypass flow path.
In the time that need to freeze in car summer, the refrigerant circulation circuit of heat pump switches to refrigeration mode, in systemUnder cold pattern, making the first air door 25 apertures of heater 18 is zero, allows air channel bypass, does not allow wind through addingHot device 18; The interface that the first three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to the second choke valve 141 is closed, and leads to outside compartmentThe interface of heat exchanger 13 is opened; Three way flow control valve 35 is from the vapour liquid separator that exports to of coolerPort open, the port of three way flow control valve from dual channel heat exchanger 16 to vapour liquid separator also simultaneouslyOpen, the refrigerant after throttling flows to the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16 in parallel and cooling simultaneouslyDevice 17, both cold medium flux ratios control to adjust by three way flow control valve 35; The first magnetic valve 34Close, the 4th bypass flow path of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is cut off; The 4th magnetic valve 122, the second electricityMagnet valve 20 is closed. The gaseous coolant of HTHP from compressor 10 out, when the heater 18, byThere is no wind process in now, so, can not produce heat exchange with air through the refrigerant of heater; Refrigerant warpCross three-way solenoid valve 124, arrive triplate line part 121,28 again, then to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, at thisIn carry out heat exchange with air, refrigerant is after Bas Discharged heat, refrigerant is again by four-way pipeline fitting 30Carry out throttling to first throttle valve 14, after throttling, refrigerant becomes the refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure, then by threewayPipeline fitting 31 is divided into two-way refrigerant, and wherein the first via 311 flows to dual channel heat exchanger 16, at dual channelHeat exchanger 16 refrigerants and heat generating components temperature control loop carry out heat exchange, to reduce battery 21 heater elements such as gradeTemperature, meanwhile, the water pump 22 of heat generating components temperature control loop starts, and makes the stream of heat generating components temperature control loopBody circulates as water, and the heat of the heat generating components such as battery 21, motor inverter of electric automobile just like thisBy passing to the fluid of heat generating components temperature control loop, and further pass to by dual channel heat exchanger 16Refrigerant in refrigerant circulation circuit.
Other refrigerant directly arrives cooler 17 by the second tunnel 312, here with compartment in airCarry out heat exchange, draw unnecessary heat in compartment, reach the object of refrigeration. Refrigerant is through subcooler 17Afterwards, become the gaseous fluid of low-temp low-pressure or the fluid of low-temp low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase, afterwards, then by threeThrough-current capacity control valve 35, cold with the first via 311 after the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16Matchmaker converges again by getting back to gas-liquid separator 11 after triplate line part 123, the gaseous coolant (mistake of low-temp low-pressureHot state) get back to compressor 10, do work by compressor 10, then the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure is becomeThe gaseous coolant of HTHP, forms a kind of refrigeration cycle. First throttle valve 14 can be selected thermal expansionValve; In the present embodiment, be the restriction effect of guarantee refrigerant fluid in addition, choke valve is preferentially selected electric expansion valve.Three way flow control valve 35 is not single just controls separately two-way break-make, and preferably choosing adopts flow adjustableFlow control valve, the flow that leads to like this refrigerant of cooler and dual channel heat exchanger can be controlled. Like this,The amount of the refrigerant of the first flow by dual channel heat exchanger 16 can be controlled, correspondingly alsoEnsure the requirement of the heat radiation temperature control of the heat generating components such as battery, motor inverter of electric automobile. , pass throughThe cold medium flux of the first flow of dual channel heat exchanger 16 is can moving by three way flow control valve 35Do control regulates, simultaneously by the discharge of water pump 22 regulation heating parts temperature control loops, and canControl easily the cold of using of the heat generating components such as battery. Like this, the control of the discharge by water pump 22 andThe adjusting of three way flow control valve 35, can control easily the heat generating components such as battery with cold, also canBe controlled to meet the temperature of battery in the operating temperature range of its better use. Arrive in addition cooler 17The temperature of refrigerant lower, can ensure equally the cooling requirement in compartment.
Heating mode in present embodiment, demist pattern, deice mode can be with reference to the first enforcement sides aboveFormula obtains in conjunction with the pipeline connecting mode of present embodiment, and wherein refrigerant is same when heating mode, deice modeObstructed subcooler, and refrigerant type of flow when demist pattern can be with reference to refrigeration mode above, at this notBe described in detail again. Similarly the three-way solenoid valve in present embodiment also can replace by two magnetic valvesIn generation, three way flow control valve can substitute by two flow control valves, and the installation of three way flow control valvePosition can also be adjusted in the pipeline after first throttle valve outlet port.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention done any pro formaRestriction. Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but not in order to limit the present invention. AnyThose of ordinary skill in the art, not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope situation, can utilize above-mentionedThe method and the technology contents that disclose are made many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or amendmentFor the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations. Therefore, every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, according to thisThe technical spirit of invention, to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all still belongs toIn the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. an automotive air-conditioning system, comprises heat generating components temperature control loop and the heat with refrigerant circulation circuitPumping system, wherein refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop carry out heat friendship by dual channel heat exchangerChange, the first flow of described dual channel heat exchanger is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, dual channel heat exchangerThe second runner is communicated with heat generating components temperature control loop;
Described automotive air-conditioning system has: refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode totally fourPlant mode of operation, under these four kinds of mode of operations, described heat generating components temperature control loop all can enter heat generating componentsRow is cooling;
Described heat pump comprises compressor, is positioned at vapour liquid separator, setting respectively before compressor inletTo provide the heater of heat in compartment and in compartment, provide cold cooler, be positioned at the car outside compartmentRailway carriage or compartment outer heat-exchanger; Described heater and cooler supply to described compartment according to the operating mode demand in compartmentHeat, cooling or demist;
Refrigerant first leads to described heater from compressor out, described heater out after refrigerant be divided into twoRoad, this two-way can pass through to control wherein Yi road of selective conducting: wherein the first via is led to heat exchange outside compartmentThe bypass flow path of device and/or described compartment outer heat-exchanger, then by the throttling of first throttle valve, then, coldMatchmaker arrives first flow and/or the described cooler of described dual channel heat exchanger again;
Other the second road refrigerant described heater out after, described two by leading to after the second choke valve throttlingThe first flow of runner heat exchanger, and then to described compartment outer heat-exchanger.
2. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at described heat pumpRefrigerant circulation circuit in, in two pipelines from described heater out, wherein the first via is at refrigeration mouldConducting under formula, demist pattern, these three kinds of patterns of deice mode; The conducting under heating mode of the second tunnel.
3. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, for described first segmentStream valve be provided with the 3rd bypass flow path, in the time of heating mode described in first throttle valve and described the 3rd bypass flow pathOptionally conducting.
4. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, with described first throttleIn described the 3rd bypass flow path that valve is arranged in parallel, be provided with the second magnetic valve and control described the 3rd bypass flowThe break-make on road; Or in described the 3rd bypass flow path being arranged in parallel with described first throttle valve, be provided with unidirectionalValve, and described check valve is that the direction of leading to described compartment outer heat-exchanger from described dual channel heat exchanger is ledLogical.
5. according to wherein arbitrary described automotive air-conditioning system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described inThe first flow of dual channel heat exchanger is provided with the second bypass flow path as described dual channel heat exchangerThe bypass flow path of first flow, described cooler is provided with the bypass of the first bypass flow path as described coolerStream, the first bypass flow path and the second bypass flow path can be distinguished with controlling conducting or no.
6. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, at refrigeration mode, removeWhen mist pattern, deice mode, refrigerant is by after the first throttle valve of described heat pump, first by described twoThe first flow of runner heat exchanger or as the bypass flow path of the first flow of described dual channel heat exchangerThe second bypass flow path, and then by described cooler or as first of the bypass flow path of described coolerBypass flow path, the first flow of described dual channel heat exchanger or its bypass flow path, with described cooler orBetween its bypass flow path, be that series connection arranges.
7. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described heat pump is establishedBe equipped with the first three-way solenoid valve, the first three-way solenoid valve is arranged in the pipeline after described heater, and firstThree-way solenoid valve leads to the first via of described compartment outer heat-exchanger direction and leads to described second for controllingA wherein road conducting in the second tunnel of choke valve, and another road cuts off.
8. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described first throttle valve,The second choke valve is electric expansion valve.
9. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, at described heaterAir inlet is provided with the first air door, and the first air door can step-less adjustment, the adjusting by described the first air door fromAnd realization is by the control and regulation of the ratio of the air quantity of heater;
And/or described automotive air-conditioning system is also provided with ptc heater in described compartment, at heating modeTime by optionally moving described ptc heater to control the temperature in compartment, and in described compartmentWind first by heater, blow by described ptc heater and then in compartment again.
10. according to arbitrary described automotive air-conditioning system in claim 1-4 or 6-9, it is characterized in that,Described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises the blower fan of blowing in compartment, at described heat pump in demistWhen pattern, the wind that described blower fan is sent is first to dehumidify by described cooler, then by giving after heaterTo in compartment; Described heater can carry out optionally to the wind after dehumidifying according to the operating mode in compartmentHeat or do not heat, to ensure the comfort level in compartment.
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| DE102016221503A1 (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-05-03 | Röchling Automotive SE & Co. KG | Device and method for fan-based de-icing of air damper arrangements |
| CN106926665B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2023-05-12 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Vehicle air conditioning equipment and vehicle with same |
| FR3081777B1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2020-09-11 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | REFRIGERANT FLUID CIRCUIT FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
| WO2020138955A1 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-02 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | Air conditioning apparatus for vehicle |
| CN112092566B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2024-04-05 | 杭州三花研究院有限公司 | Thermal management system |
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Effective date of registration: 20171221 Address after: 312500 Xinchang, Zhejiang province Qixing street under the village of Liquan Patentee after: Sanhua Holding Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 310018, Zhejiang, Hangzhou Economic Development Zone Xiasha street, No. 12, No. 289 Patentee before: Hangzhou Sanhua Institute Co., Ltd. |