CN103192681A - Automobile air condition system - Google Patents
Automobile air condition system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103192681A CN103192681A CN2012100016551A CN201210001655A CN103192681A CN 103192681 A CN103192681 A CN 103192681A CN 2012100016551 A CN2012100016551 A CN 2012100016551A CN 201210001655 A CN201210001655 A CN 201210001655A CN 103192681 A CN103192681 A CN 103192681A
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Abstract
An automobile air condition system adopts the following four modes: a refrigeration mode, a heating mode, a demisting mode, and a deicing mode, and comprises a heating parts temperature control circuit and a heat pump system, wherein a refrigerant circulation circuit is in heat exchange with the heating parts temperature control circuit through a double-fluid passage heat exchanger; a first fluid passage of the double-fluid passage heat exchanger is communicated with the refrigerant circulation circuit, and a second fluid passage thereof is communicated with the heating parts temperature control circuit; the heating parts temperature control circuit can be selectively conducted to cool heating parts; the refrigerant from a compressor passes towards a heater and then is split into two ways, wherein the first-way refrigerant passes through the heat exchanger outside a car and then through a first throttle valve to throttle, and the second-way refrigerant passes through a second throttle valve to throttle and then towards the double-fluid passage heat exchanger. The system can work in outdoor environment with ultra low temperature; and in the deicing mode and the heating mode, a battery and other heating parts can be cooled at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the automobile air conditioning technology field, particularly a kind of electric automobile air-conditioning system.
Background technology
Along with the development of low-carbon economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction have been proposed stricter requirement, electronlmobil becomes one of development of automobile aspect from now on because energy-conserving and environment-protective are arranged.But electronlmobil is owing to use battery as power resources, and its a/c system also is different from original automotive air-conditioning system.
Along with improving constantly of quality of the life, comfort level in the automobile bodies also more and more is subject to people's attention, traditional combustion engine formula automobile, can utilize the waste heat of combustion engine and the heat of engine exhaust to come vehicle cabin, and the power of electronlmobil mainly comes from motor, the heat that has lacked driving engine can utilize, thereby is difficult to reach the heating requirement in winter.In the prior art, for the temperature in the compartment of realizing electronlmobil remains on the comfortable temperature of human body sensory, the employing that has multiple mode in the compartment, heat, as adopting independent thermal source, namely utilize the PTC heating; Perhaps utilize fuel heating such as gasoline, kerosene, ethanol; The employing reclaiming scrap waste heat that also has, the auxiliary independent thermal source that adopts again; The employing heat pump that also has guarantees temperature in the compartment etc.
Yet, in the above-mentioned various type of heating, if adopt independent thermal source, such as: use PTC to heat purely, need to consume the energy of more battery, and then can reduce the travelled distance of automobile; If adopt the fuel heating, not only the efficiency of heating surface is lower, pollutes but also can produce environment, can increase the load of automobile simultaneously.In addition, blow out cold wind in the compartment during demist in the present air conditioning for automobiles, when weather is colder relatively, can cause uncomfortable in the compartment.
Be that electric automobile heat-pump system, application number are 200510027576. 8 invention as denomination of invention, just adopt heat pump that electronlmobil is carried out temperature control, but for demist pattern, defrosting mode certain limitation is arranged in this air-conditioning, in winter, when near the dew temperature the car inner glass is higher than the temperature of outside glass, can produce fog, driver's sight line is exerted an influence.And when the temperature outside the car is lower than zero degree, may have rainwater or snow to amass on the surface of car external heat exchanger, when causing heating operation, Energy Efficiency Ratio reduces.So, for air conditioning for automobiles, demist and deicing function need be arranged, when needs demist and deicing, can not open internal condensation device and inner evaporator simultaneously in this patent; And can only open inner evaporator at most separately, and namely start refrigeration mode, can cause that like this temperature in the car reduces, the comfort level in the car is had a greatly reduced quality; And in addition, the cooling to heat generating components such as batteries is not set in this patent, thereby to influence the service life of heat generating components such as battery.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of electric automobile air-conditioning system, electric automobile air-conditioning system can be moved under the complicated weather of weather-proof, and provide demist pattern, deice mode, when arbitrary mode of operation, all can realize the cooling to heat generating components (such as motor frequency conversion device, battery etc.), heat generating components such as battery is worked in normal range of temperatures, keeping higher relatively efficient, and can guarantee the optimization of the cost performance (initial cost, operating cost and performance) of a/c system.The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of automotive air-conditioning system, comprise heat generating components temperature control loop and the heat pump with refrigerant circulation circuit, wherein interchange of heat is carried out by the dual channel H Exch in refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop, the first flow of described dual channel H Exch is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, second runner of dual channel H Exch and heat generating components temperature control circuit communication;
Described automotive air-conditioning system has: refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode totally four kinds of mode of operations, under these four kinds of mode of operations described heat generating components temperature control loop all optionally conducting to carry out the cooling to heat generating components;
Described heat pump comprises compressor, be positioned at vapour liquid separator, the temperature booster that heat is provided to the compartment that arranges respectively before the compressor inlet and provide to the compartment cold cooling vessel, be positioned at the compartment outer heat-exchanger outside the compartment; Described temperature booster and cooling vessel carry out heat supply, cooling or demist for described compartment according to the operating mode demand in the compartment;
Refrigerant leads to described temperature booster earlier after coming out from compressor, refrigerant is divided into two-way after described temperature booster comes out, this two-way can by control selectivity conducting wherein a road: wherein the first via lead to the compartment outer heat-exchanger and or the bypass flow path of described compartment outer heat-exchanger after by the throttling of first throttle valve, then, refrigerant arrive again described dual channel H Exch first flow and or described cooling vessel;
After described temperature booster came out, other the second road refrigerant passed through to lead to the first flow of described dual channel H Exch after the second flow regulating valve throttling, and then arrives described compartment outer heat-exchanger; The preferred plate type heat exchanger of dual channel H Exch, heat exchange efficiency height like this.
Preferably, in the refrigerant circulation circuit of described heat pump, two pipelines after described temperature booster comes out, wherein first via conducting under refrigeration mode, demist pattern, these three kinds of patterns of deice mode; The second tunnel conducting under heating mode.When heating mode, use second flow regulating valve to carry out throttling like this, second flow regulating valve is arranged according to the requirement of heating mode, thus the efficient when further raising system heats.
Preferably, be provided with the 3rd bypass flow path at described first throttle valve, described first throttle valve and the optionally conducting of described the 3rd bypass flow path when heating mode.Like this at refrigerant when the heating mode after through the second flow regulating valve throttling, can select whether to carry out the twin-stage throttling by the first throttle valve again, make automotive air-conditioning system satisfy normal operation under the outdoor environment of ultralow temperature.
Preferably, described the 3rd bypass flow path that is arranged in parallel with described first throttle valve is provided with the break-make that second electromagnetic valve is controlled described the 3rd bypass flow path; Or be provided with check valve with described the 3rd bypass flow path that described first throttle valve is arranged in parallel, and described check valve is the direction conducting of leading to described compartment outer heat-exchanger from described dual channel H Exch.
Preferably, the first flow of described dual channel H Exch is provided with second bypass flow path as the bypass flow path of the first flow of described dual channel H Exch, described cooling vessel is provided with first bypass flow path as the bypass flow path of described cooling vessel, and first bypass flow path and second bypass flow path can be distinguished the conducting of controlled ground or deny.
Preferably, when refrigeration mode, demist pattern, deice mode, refrigerant is by behind the first throttle valve of described heat pump, the first first flow by described dual channel H Exch or as second bypass flow path of the bypass flow path of the first flow of described dual channel H Exch, and then by described cooling vessel or as first bypass flow path of the bypass flow path of described cooling vessel, namely the first flow of described dual channel H Exch or its bypass flow path, with described cooling vessel or its bypass flow path between the setting of connecting.
Preferably, described heat pump is provided with first three-way solenoid valve, first three-way solenoid valve is arranged in the described temperature booster pipeline afterwards, first three-way solenoid valve is used for the second tunnel wherein one tunnel conducting that control is led to the first via of described compartment outer heat-exchanger direction or led to described second flow regulating valve, and another road cuts off.
Preferably, described first throttle valve, second flow regulating valve are electric expansion valve.
Preferably, be provided with first air door at the ventilation inlet of described temperature booster, first air door can step-less adjustment, thereby the adjusting by described first air door realizes the control and regulation of the ratio of the air quantity by temperature booster;
Preferably, described automotive air-conditioning system also is provided with ptc heater in described compartment, by optionally moving described ptc heater with the temperature of control in the compartment, and the wind in the described compartment is earlier by temperature booster, blow by described ptc heater and then in the compartment again when heating mode.
Preferably, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises the blower fan of blowing in the compartment, and when described heat pump was in the demist pattern, the wind that described blower fan is sent was to dehumidify by described cooling vessel earlier, again by being sent to behind the temperature booster in the compartment; Described temperature booster can heat or not heat optionally for the wind after dehumidifying according to the operating mode in the compartment, to guarantee the comfort level in the compartment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: a/c system of the present invention has four kinds of mode of operations, and under these four kinds of mode of operations, all can realize the cooling to heat generating components such as batteries, the influence that the temperature that can avoid environment for use produces battery life and the problem that influence travelled distance are with service life and the assurance travelled distance that guarantees battery.A/c system of the present invention is provided with first throttle valve and second flow regulating valve at different working modes simultaneously, makes system carry out throttling by second flow regulating valve when heating, and satisfies the requirement of throttling under the different operating modes, thus the efficient of raising system when heating; The present invention is directed to simultaneously and be provided with cooling vessel and temperature booster in the compartment respectively, can avoid the impact of high low temperature in the heat exchanger, to improve heat exchanger service life; And during the demist pattern, heater and cooling vessel are realized the effect of heating again of dehumidifying simultaneously simultaneously, guarantee the humiture in the compartment, thereby satisfy the comfort requirement in the compartment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when refrigeration mode;
Fig. 2 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when heating mode;
Fig. 3 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when the demist pattern;
Fig. 4 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when deice mode;
Fig. 5 is the wet scheme drawing of enthalpy that first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention dehumidifies when the demist pattern;
Fig. 6 is the pipeline connection diagram of second kind of specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the pipeline connection diagram (refrigeration mode) of the third specific embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
A/c system of the present invention has: refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode be totally four kinds of mode of operations.First kind of specific embodiment of the present invention such as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 5, wherein Fig. 1 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when refrigeration mode, Fig. 2 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when heating mode, Fig. 3 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when the demist pattern, Fig. 4 is the pipeline connection diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when deice mode, and Fig. 5 is the wet scheme drawing of the enthalpy of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when dehumidifying.Wherein the dotted line among the figure represents that this place's pipeline is cut off not conducting.
As shown in Figure 1, a/c system comprises heat pump and the heat generating components temperature control loop with refrigerant circulation circuit, wherein carry out interchange of heat by a dual channel H Exch 16 between refrigerant circulation circuit and the heat generating components temperature control loop: the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16 is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, second runner of dual channel H Exch 16 and heat generating components temperature control circuit communication, interchange of heat can be carried out at dual channel H Exch 16 in refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop.Heat generating components temperature control loop comprises heat generating components, water pump 22, and heat generating components comprises other parts that can generate heat such as battery 21 and motor frequency conversion device.Heat pump comprises compressor 10, be positioned at vapour liquid separator 11, the temperature booster 18 that heat is provided to the compartment that arranges respectively before the compressor inlet and provide to the compartment cold cooling vessel 17, be positioned at compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, orifice union outside the compartment; Temperature booster 18 in the described compartment and cooling vessel 17 can be selected to carry out heat supply, cooling or demist to described compartment according to the operating mode demand in the compartment.Temperature booster 18 and cooling vessel 17 can be arranged at also can be arranged at outside the compartment in the compartment and blow in the compartment by pipeline.
Heat pump also comprises control valve member and the pipeline connecting parts that the pilot piping refrigerant flows, particularly, comprise first three-way solenoid valve 124 that is arranged between temperature booster 18 and the compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, the other end that three-way solenoid valve 124 also has an interface to be connected to second flow regulating valve, 141, the second flow regulating valve 141 of throttling is connected with first flow, the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 of second three-way solenoid valve 19, dual channel H Exch 16 by four-way pipeline fitting 29 respectively; Two other interface of second three-way solenoid valve 19 connects the bypass flow path that runner between import, triplate line spare 32, the second three-way solenoid valves 19 and the triplate line spare 32 of cooling vessel 17 just forms cooling vessel 17, i.e. first bypass flow path of heat pump respectively; The pipeline at the 3rd electromagnetic valve 15 places has formed the bypass flow path of the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16, i.e. second bypass flow path of heat pump; Pipeline between three-way solenoid valve 124 and the compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is provided with triplate line spare 121,28 in addition, another interface of triplate line spare 121 is connected with the 4th electromagnetic valve 122, another interface of the 4th electromagnetic valve 122 is connected with triplate line spare 123, and in addition two interfaces of triplate line spare 123 are with the import of vapour liquid separator 11, be connected by the outlet of triplate line spare 32 with cooling vessel 17.Between the first flow of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 and dual channel H Exch 16, also be provided with first throttle valve 14 in addition; Simultaneously be arranged in parallel the 3rd bypass flow path with first throttle valve 14, the 3rd bypass flow path is provided with second electromagnetic valve 20; Also be arranged in parallel the 4th bypass flow path at compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 in addition, the 4th bypass flow path is provided with first electromagnetic valve 34.
Heat pump comprises refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode totally four kinds of mode of operations.When needed to freeze in the car summer, the refrigerant circulation circuit of heat pump switched to refrigeration mode, and under refrigeration mode, first air door, 25 apertures that make temperature booster 18 are zero, allowed the air channel bypass, did not allow wind through temperature booster 18; The interface that three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to second flow regulating valve 141 is closed, and the interface that leads to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is opened; The interface that second three-way solenoid valve 19 leads to cooling vessel is opened, and the interface that leads to triplate line spare 32 is closed, and namely first bypass flow path is cut off; First electromagnetic valve 34 is closed, and namely the 4th bypass flow path of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is cut off; The 4th electromagnetic valve 122, second electromagnetic valve 20 are closed.The gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure comes out from compressor 10, during through temperature booster 18, owing to do not have the wind process this moment, so the refrigerant of process temperature booster can not produce interchange of heat with air; Refrigerant is through three-way solenoid valve 124, arrive triplate line spare 121 again, 28, arrive compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 again, carry out interchange of heat with air here, refrigerant is after air is discharged heat, refrigerant carries out throttling by four-way pipeline fitting 30 to first throttle valve 14 again, refrigerant becomes the refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure after the throttling, then by triplate line spare 33,31 arrive dual channel H Exch 16 again, carry out interchange of heat at dual channel H Exch 16 refrigerants and heat generating components temperature control loop, to reduce the temperature of battery 21 heat elements such as grade, simultaneously, the water pump 22 in heat generating components temperature control loop starts, fluid such as the water in heat generating components temperature control loop are circulated, the battery 21 of electronlmobil like this, the heat of heat generating components such as motor frequency conversion device is just by passing to the fluid in heat generating components temperature control loop, and further passes to refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation circuit by dual channel H Exch 16.
Be cooling vessel 17 by another heat exchanger that second three-way solenoid valve 19 flows to the inboard, compartment again through refrigerant behind the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16, here with the compartment in air carry out interchange of heat, draw unnecessary heat in the compartment, reach the purpose of refrigeration.Refrigerant is after subcooler 17, become the gaseous fluid of low-temp low-pressure or the fluid of low-temp low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase, afterwards, again by getting back to gas-liquid separator 11 behind triplate line spare 32, the triplate line spare 123, the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure (super heat) is got back to compressor 10, by compressor 10 actings, again the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure is become the gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure, form a refrigerating cycle.The first throttle valve can be selected heating power expansion valve for use; Be the restriction effect of assurance refrigerant fluid in addition in the present embodiment, the first throttle valve is preferentially selected electric expansion valve 14 for use.
Because when refrigeration mode, heat generating components such as the battery of electronlmobil, motor frequency conversion device are not more low more good, but need certain cooling degree; For this reason, the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16 also is provided with second bypass flow path, and the first flow with dual channel H Exch 16 has been arranged in parallel by passage specifically, is provided with the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 in the by passage; Can be divided into two-way by triplate line spare 31 through the refrigerant fluid behind the first throttle valve 14 like this, wherein first branch road flows to second three-way solenoid valve 19 after by the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15, four-way pipeline fitting 29, second branch road by dual channel H Exch 16 first flow and heat generating components temperature control loop carry out interchange of heat after, again by flowing to second three-way solenoid valve 19 behind the four-way pipeline fitting 29, and then flow to cooling vessel 17; Like this, the amount of the refrigerant of the first flow by dual channel H Exch 16 can be controlled, and has correspondingly also guaranteed the requirement of heat radiation temperature control of the heat generating components such as battery, motor frequency conversion device of electronlmobil.Namely, the cold medium flux of the first flow by dual channel H Exch 16 is to regulate by the action control of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15, regulate the discharge in heat generating components temperature control loops simultaneously by water pump 22, can control the cold of using of heat generating components such as battery easily.Like this, the control of the discharge by water pump 22 and the adjusting of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 can be controlled the cold of using of heat generating components such as battery easily, also can satisfy the temperature control of battery in the working temperature range of its preferable use.That is to say, be provided with second bypass flow path at the first flow by dual channel H Exch 16, and in second bypass flow path the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 is set, control to guarantee flow by the refrigerant of dual channel H Exch 16 further to guarantee the temperature controlled requirement at heat element such as battery 21 by the action of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15.Dual channel H Exch 16 can be plate type heat exchanger particularly.In addition, the position that triplate line spare 31 or four-way pipeline fitting 29 can also be set in as existing figure in the junction of the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16 and described second bypass flow path changes into a three-way solenoid valve is set, the same like this flow that can control the refrigerant of the first flow by dual channel H Exch 16, thus reach temperature controlled requirement to heat element such as battery 21.
The 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 in the specification sheets of the present invention has the function that flow control is regulated, and is not limited to simple switch control.
When need heat in the compartment winter, system switches to heating mode as shown in Figure 2, and electromagnetic valve 122 is opened, and the interface that three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to triplate line spare 121 is closed, another interface that leads to second flow regulating valve 141 is opened, and first electromagnetic valve 34 is closed; First air door 25 is opened, also can reach maximum as shown, avoid the wind bypass and without temperature booster 18, at this moment the type of flow of refrigerant circulation circuit is as follows: the gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure comes out from compressor 10, through temperature booster 18, the gaseous coolant of the High Temperature High Pressure of the air that passes through here and temperature booster 18 carries out interchange of heat, flows to the compartment behind the atmosphere temperature rising with the temperature in the vehicle cabin; And refrigerant absorbs after the airborne cold, refrigerant is through three-way solenoid valve 124, carry out throttling to second flow regulating valve 141 again, refrigerant after the throttling passes through dual channel H Exch 16 then by four-way pipeline fitting 29, here can be in order to cool off the fluid in heat generating components temperature control loop, close by the second electromagnetic valve 20(first throttle valve 14 then), arrive compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 by four-way pipeline fitting 30 again, refrigerant absorbs the laggard step evaporation of heat in the outside air here, refrigerant is then by triplate line spare 28, pass through the 4th electromagnetic valve 122 after 121 again, and further by flowing to vapour liquid separator 11 behind the triplate line spare 123, return compressor 10; Finish a circulation like this.At dual channel H Exch 16, heat elements such as battery, motor frequency conversion device carry out the interchange of heat heat radiation by heat generating components temperature control loop and refrigerant.At this moment, two outlets that second three-way solenoid valve 19 leads to cooling vessel 17 are all closed, and namely refrigerant is obstructed subcooler 17.And if have liquid refrigerants, liquid refrigerants will be stored in the vapour liquid separator 11 when the vapour liquid separator 11, to avoid compressor 10 liquid hammers or to cross the cold efficient that influences heat pump.
Similarly, in order to control refrigerant by the flow of dual channel H Exch 16, thereby guarantee the accuracy of temperature control of heat elements such as battery, motor frequency conversion device, can realize that second bypass flow path is provided with the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 and carries out this passage by the control of cold medium flux in the present embodiment by the control at the flow of second bypass flow path of the first flow setting of dual channel H Exch 16 circulation refrigerants.Like this, at the temperature control of heat elements such as battery, by the adjusting of water pump 22 control discharges and the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15, can control the cold of using of this part easily, namely the temperature of battery can be controlled in its working temperature range that is suitable for.
In addition, when the temperature outside the car is very low, can also turn off second electromagnetic valve 20, start first throttle valve 14, make through the refrigerant throttling further after the dual channel H Exch 16, refrigerant temperature and pressure further descend, and then make the air heat of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 outside can easier absorption compartment.Satisfy normal operation under the outdoor environment of automotive air-conditioning system at ultralow temperature.For this reason, first throttle valve 14, second flow regulating valve, 141 preferred electron expansion valves, the controllability height of throttling like this, but also can adopt heating power expansion valve or throttle type electromagnetic valve.
Also comprise ptc heater 26 in the automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention in addition, heat only starting heat pump, and temperature is when also out of reach requires in the compartment, ptc heater 26 can start and heat, and reaches the comfort level requirement to guarantee the temperature in the compartment.
When the moisture in needs are removed air or fog on glass, start the demist pattern, as shown in Figure 3, first three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to the port closing of second flow regulating valve 141, and second electromagnetic valve 20 is closed.First air door 25 can be in half-open or corresponding aperture position.When removing fog on glass or steam fast if desired in addition, can directly close first air door 25, and by corresponding airduct, directly cold wind be blowed to glass, reach the purpose of removing the glass surface mist fast.The mobile of its refrigerant is: the gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure comes out from compressor 10, and through temperature booster 18, at this moment blower fan 24 is opened, so wind is arranged through temperature booster 18, the refrigerant through temperature booster 18 can produce interchange of heat with air like this, air in the heating car; Refrigerant enters compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 through behind the three-way solenoid valve 124 then, here can select as required whether to carry out interchange of heat with air, refrigerant carries out throttling by first throttle valve 14 then, becomes the fluid of low-temp low-pressure, through second three-way solenoid valve 19, enter cooling vessel 17 again; Here the air in refrigerant and the compartment carries out interchange of heat, because temperature is much lower in the relative compartment of surface temperature of cooling vessel, therefore in this process, if the dew temperature of air is higher than the surface temperature of cooling vessel at this moment, just have moisture condensation and separate out and discharge by the pipeline that arranges on the surface of cooling vessel, the content that has so just reduced the water vapour in the air in a car compartment has namely reduced relative humidity, thereby reaches the purpose of demist in the compartment.Refrigerant is after subcooler, enter vapour liquid separator 11 by pipeline again, the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure (saturated or super heat) is got back to compressor 10, by compressor 10 actings, again the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure is become the gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure, form a circulation.Be to dry and then by temperature booster 18 through subcooler 17 earlier and be sent to wind in the compartment, can select whether to heat at temperature booster 18, and then wind is delivered in the compartment, like this, except humidity has also guaranteed the temperature in the compartment simultaneously, namely satisfied the comfort level requirement.
In demist, if heat generating components such as battery need cooling, can control by the action of the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 before second three-way solenoid valve 19, open the water pump 22 of water circulation, make refrigerant pass through the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16 earlier, make the fluid of refrigerant in dual channel H Exch 16 and heat generating components temperature control loop carry out interchange of heat, also can making partly, refrigerant passes through dual channel H Exch 16 earlier, be beneficial to control the temperature of the fluid in the heat generating components temperature control loop like this, action by water pump 22 control discharges and the 3rd solenoid electric valve 15 is regulated, thereby can control the working temperature range with heat generating components uses such as cold control batteries of heat generating components such as battery easily.
Particularly, the psychrometric chart of demist process as shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is the wet scheme drawing of the enthalpy of first kind of specific embodiment of the present invention when dehumidifying: at first by outdoor new wind W point and indoor N point, be mixed together the point to C, be cooled to L point (dew temperature) through subcooler, air touches the meeting condensation that is higher than dew temperature behind the cooling vessel 17 and separates out moisture, and the air that will separate out again behind the moisture is heated to O point (being the ventilation state point) by temperature booster 18; Like this, the present invention can satisfy the needs of dehumidifying in the car effectively, has guaranteed the comfort level in the car again.In addition, demist pattern during present embodiment has been avoided the switching repeatedly of refrigeration and heating mode, in traditional air-conditioning, temperature booster and cooling vessel are same heat exchanger, when demist, need constantly to switch refrigeration and heating mode like this, make heat exchanger core body always be in the thermal shock state, the waste energy along with the increase of switch mode, is easy to cause the inefficacy of heat exchanger like this.And embodiments of the present invention only need be controlled the electromagnetic control valve module and can finish corresponding switching, and the refrigerant that only becomes popular of temperature booster, and cooling vessel is also only walked cold refrigerant, and the complete like this thermal shock of can avoiding is saved the energy.Simultaneously in dehumidifying, the air after again can heating and dehumidification satisfies the comfort level in the car.Be provided with temperature booster, two radiatores of compartment outer heat-exchanger in the heat pump of the present invention, when the demist pattern, can selectivity carry out interchange of heat.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the wind that compartment inner blower 24 blows out is again by temperature booster 18 after dehumidifying by cooling vessel 17 earlier, the last like this wind that blows out just can keep certain temperature and humidity, thereby avoided cold wind directly to blow in the compartment, blown out the problem that comfort level that cold wind causes the people reduces when having solved in the existing air conditioning for automobiles dehumidifying or demist.In addition, the temperature of the wind that blows out can suitably be regulated by the aperture of controlling first air door 25, and when needing temperature high relatively, the aperture of first air door 25 is big relatively, is conducive to keep the comfort level in the compartment like this.In addition, the air intake of blower fan 24 comprises new wind and return air, and both ratios are controlled by second air door 23.In addition, a/c system also is provided with the 4th bypass flow path at the compartment outer heat-exchanger, in order to control the switching of the 4th bypass flow path, also is provided with first electromagnetic valve 34.In this pattern, can open first electromagnetic valve 34, make compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 bypass, like this, refrigerant just can not pass through compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, thereby can save energy, the comfort level when raising temperature is low when the demist pattern.In order to reduce the waste of energy, also the refrigerant through the High Temperature High Pressure behind first three-way solenoid valve 124 can be divided into two-way by threeway, wherein first branch road flows to compartment outside heat exchangers 13, carries out interchange of heat with the car outside air; Another branch road mixes with first branch road then by first electromagnetic valve 34.That is to say, at being provided with the 4th bypass flow channel by the compartment outside heat exchangers, and the through-current capacity of first electromagnetic valve, 34 these bypass flow channel of control is set, thereby guarantee the cold medium flux by compartment outside heat exchangers 13; Can also turn off the blower fan that blows to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 in addition, in the process of demist, reduce the heat that compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 distributes outside car.
In addition when winter, because the outer temperature of some regional car is lower, when external temperature is lower than zero degree or during near zero degree, when using heating mode, compartment outside heat exchangers 13 is for cold scattering, makes 13 frostings of compartment outer heat-exchanger or freezes easily like this, and then influence the efficiency of operation of heat pump, so, need to start deice mode.Particularly, running condition is as shown in Figure 4 when deice mode for a/c system of the present invention, at this moment first electromagnetic valve 34 is closed, second three-way solenoid valve 19 leads to the port closing of cooling vessel and leads to the port opening of vapour liquid separator 11, be the first bypass flow path conducting of the refrigerant of bypass cooling vessel 17, the interface that first three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to second flow regulating valve is closed.The flow direction of refrigerant is as follows: the air conditioner heat pump system operation, compressor 10 starts, the gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure comes out from compressor 10, is introduced into temperature booster 18, during through temperature booster 18, whether with in the compartment system can select to carry out interchange of heat, if do not carry out interchange of heat, close first air door 25 and blower fan 24, there is not wind this moment through temperature booster 18, so, can not produce interchange of heat with air through the refrigerant of temperature booster 18; Refrigerant is through first three-way solenoid valve 124, arrive triplate line spare 121,28 again, arrive compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 again, here the vehicle cabin outer heat-exchanger 13, make frost or the ice-out on compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 surfaces, refrigerant is after compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is discharged heat, refrigerant carries out throttling by four-way pipeline fitting 30 to first throttle valve 14 again, and at this moment first throttle valve 14 can be opened to maximum as the aperture of electric expansion valve; Refrigerant becomes the refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure after the throttling, then by triplate line spare 33,31 arrive dual channel H Exch 16 again, can select to carry out interchange of heat at dual channel H Exch 16 refrigerants and heat generating components temperature control loop, to reduce the temperature of battery 21 heat elements such as grade, simultaneously, the water pump 22 in heat generating components temperature control loop starts, fluid such as the water in heat generating components temperature control loop are circulated, the battery 21 of electronlmobil like this, the heat of heat generating components such as motor frequency conversion device is just by passing to the fluid in heat generating components temperature control loop, and further passes to refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation circuit by dual channel H Exch 16.Flow to triplate line spare 32,123 by second three-way solenoid valve 19 again through refrigerant behind the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16, flow to vapour liquid separator 11 again, at vapour liquid separator 11, liquid refrigerants is stayed in the vapour liquid separator 11, and gaseous coolant is got back to compressor 10 and carried out next one circulation.So vapour liquid separator 11 can make the liquid of vapour-liquid two-phase separate.
In addition, if for quickly defrosting or deicing, first air door of first H Exch 18 in the compartment can also be closed, namely do not allow temperature booster 18 carry out interchange of heat, the temperature that arrives the refrigerant of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 like this can be higher, and the time of defrosting or ice just can be shorter.Usually, the time of deice mode operation is all relatively short, generally about 3-4 minute.By the time after deicing finishes, mode of operation can be switched to the heating mode operation.Temperature booster in the compartment and cooling vessel are the checkers that does not have high low temperature like this.
Introduce second kind of specific embodiment of the present invention below, Fig. 6 is the pipeline connection diagram of second kind of specific embodiment of the present invention.Present embodiment is a kind of improvement on first kind of specific embodiment in the above, to change check valve 200 into second electromagnetic valve that first throttle valve 14 is arranged in parallel specifically, and it is the direction conducting of leading to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 from dual channel H Exch 16, oppositely then closes; Namely when heating mode, pass through from check valve 200 by the refrigerant behind the dual channel H Exch 16, and no longer by first throttle valve 14.
In addition, three-way solenoid valve in the embodiment can substitute and the position is set also can be adjusted accordingly of the electromagnetic valve in the top embodiment by two electromagnetic valves above; The position that triplate line spare 28 is set in existing embodiment in addition changes a three-way solenoid valve into, and then first electromagnetic valve 34 can not wanted with triplate line spare 28; Two can substitute by a four-way pipeline fitting as triplate line spare 33,31; Can realize the object of the invention equally like this, be not limited to the specific embodiment recited above so pipeline connects control.
In the embodiment of introducing above when refrigeration mode, demist pattern, dual channel H Exch 16 setting of connecting with cooling vessel 17, refrigerant is earlier by dual channel H Exch 16, arrives cooling vessel 17 again; Or partly refrigerant is earlier by dual channel H Exch 16, and a part of refrigerant is by the bypass flow path of dual channel H Exch 16 in addition, and both converge by cooling vessel 17 again; The present invention is not limited to this, and dual channel H Exch 16 can also be arranged in parallel with cooling vessel 17, and specifically as shown in Figure 7, wherein Fig. 7 is the pipeline connection diagram of the third specific embodiment of the present invention when refrigeration mode.
Be that example is specifically described below with the refrigeration mode, as shown in Figure 7, a/c system comprises heat pump and the heat generating components temperature control loop with refrigerant circulation circuit equally, carry out interchange of heat by a dual channel H Exch 16 between refrigerant circulation circuit and the heat generating components temperature control loop: the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16 is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, second runner of dual channel H Exch 16 and heat generating components temperature control circuit communication, interchange of heat can be carried out at dual channel H Exch 16 in refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop.Heat generating components temperature control loop comprises heat generating components, water pump 22, and heat generating components comprises other parts that can generate heat such as battery 21 and motor frequency conversion device.Heat pump comprises compressor 10, be positioned at vapour liquid separator 11, the temperature booster 18 that heat is provided to the compartment that arranges respectively before the compressor inlet and provide to the compartment cold cooling vessel 17, be positioned at compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, orifice union outside the compartment; Temperature booster 18 in the described compartment and cooling vessel 17 can be selected to carry out heat supply, cooling or demist to described compartment according to the operating mode demand in the compartment.Temperature booster 18 and cooling vessel 17 also can be arranged at outside the compartment and blow in the compartment by pipeline.
Heat pump also comprises control valve member and the pipeline connecting parts that the pilot piping refrigerant flows, particularly, comprise first three-way solenoid valve 124 that is arranged between temperature booster 18 and the compartment outer heat-exchanger 13, three-way solenoid valve 124 also has an interface to be connected to second flow regulating valve 141 of throttling; The other end of second flow regulating valve 141 is connected with the first flow of three way flow control valve 35, dual channel H Exch 16 by triplate line spare 36 respectively; Two other interface of three way flow control valve 35 connects the outlet of cooling vessel 17 respectively, connects the import of vapour liquid separator 11 by triplate line spare 123; Pipeline between three-way solenoid valve 124 and the compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is provided with triplate line spare 121,28 in addition, another interface of triplate line spare 121 is connected with the 4th electromagnetic valve 122, another interface of the 4th electromagnetic valve 122 is connected with triplate line spare 123, and two interfaces in addition of triplate line spare 123 are connected with import, the three way flow control valve 35 of vapour liquid separator 11.Between the first flow of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 and dual channel H Exch 16, also be provided with first throttle valve 14 in addition; Simultaneously be arranged in parallel the 3rd bypass flow path with first throttle valve 14, the 3rd bypass flow path is provided with second electromagnetic valve 20; Also be arranged in parallel the 4th bypass flow path at compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 in addition, the 4th bypass flow path is provided with first electromagnetic valve 34.
When needed to freeze in the car summer, the refrigerant circulation circuit of heat pump switched to refrigeration mode, and under refrigeration mode, first air door, 25 apertures that make temperature booster 18 are zero, allowed the air channel bypass, did not allow wind through temperature booster 18; The interface that first three-way solenoid valve 124 leads to second flow regulating valve 141 is closed, and the interface that leads to compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is opened; Three way flow control valve 35 is from the port open that exports to vapour liquid separator of cooling vessel, the port of three way flow control valve from dual channel H Exch 16 to vapour liquid separator also opened simultaneously, be first flow and the cooling vessel 17 that refrigerant after the throttling flows to dual channel H Exch 16 in parallel simultaneously, both cold medium flux ratios control to adjust by three way flow control valve 35; First electromagnetic valve 34 is closed, and namely the 4th bypass flow path of compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 is cut off; The 4th electromagnetic valve 122, second electromagnetic valve 20 are closed.The gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure comes out from compressor 10, during through temperature booster 18, owing to do not have the wind process this moment, so the refrigerant of process temperature booster can not produce interchange of heat with air; Refrigerant is through three-way solenoid valve 124, arrive triplate line spare 121 again, 28, arrive compartment outer heat-exchanger 13 again, carry out interchange of heat with air here, refrigerant is after air is discharged heat, refrigerant carries out throttling by four-way pipeline fitting 30 to first throttle valve 14 again, refrigerant becomes the refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure after the throttling, be divided into the two-way refrigerant by triplate line spare 31 then, wherein the first via 311 flows to dual channel H Exch 16, carry out interchange of heat at dual channel H Exch 16 refrigerants and heat generating components temperature control loop, to reduce the temperature of battery 21 heat elements such as grade, simultaneously, the water pump 22 in heat generating components temperature control loop starts, fluid such as the water in heat generating components temperature control loop are circulated, the battery 21 of electronlmobil like this, the heat of heat generating components such as motor frequency conversion device is just by passing to the fluid in heat generating components temperature control loop, and further passes to refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation circuit by dual channel H Exch 16.
Other refrigerant directly arrives cooling vessel 17 by the second the tunnel 312, here with the compartment in air carry out interchange of heat, unnecessary heat in the absorption compartment reaches the purpose of refrigeration.Refrigerant is after subcooler 17, become the gaseous fluid of low-temp low-pressure or the fluid of low-temp low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase, afterwards, again by three way flow control valve 35, converge again by getting back to gas-liquid separator 11 behind the triplate line spare 123 with the refrigerant through the first via 311 behind the first flow of dual channel H Exch 16, the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure (super heat) is got back to compressor 10, by compressor 10 actings, again the gaseous coolant of low-temp low-pressure is become the gaseous coolant of High Temperature High Pressure, form a refrigerating cycle.First throttle valve 14 can be selected heating power expansion valve for use; Be the restriction effect of assurance refrigerant fluid in addition in the present embodiment, flow regulating valve is preferentially selected electric expansion valve for use.Three way flow control valve 35 is single just controls the two-way break-make separately, and the adjustable flow-controlling gate of flow is adopted in preferred choosing, and the flow that leads to the refrigerant of cooling vessel and dual channel H Exch like this can be controlled.Like this, the amount of the refrigerant of the first flow by dual channel H Exch 16 can be controlled, and has correspondingly also guaranteed the requirement of heat radiation temperature control of the heat generating components such as battery, motor frequency conversion device of electronlmobil.Namely, the cold medium flux of the first flow by dual channel H Exch 16 is to regulate by the action control of three way flow control valve 35, regulate the discharge in heat generating components temperature control loops simultaneously by water pump 22, can control the cold of using of heat generating components such as battery easily.Like this, the control of the discharge by water pump 22 and the adjusting of three way flow control valve 35 can be controlled the cold of using of heat generating components such as battery easily, also can satisfy the temperature control of battery in the working temperature range of its preferable use.The temperature of refrigerant that arrives cooling vessel 17 in addition is lower, can guarantee the requirement to the cooling in the compartment equally.
Heating mode in the present embodiment, demist pattern, deice mode can obtain with reference to the pipeline connecting mode of top first embodiment in conjunction with present embodiment, the same obstructed subcooler of refrigerant when heating mode, deice mode wherein, and the refrigerant type of flow during the demist pattern can no longer be described in detail at this with reference to top refrigeration mode.Similarly the three-way solenoid valve in the present embodiment also can substitute by two electromagnetic valves, three way flow control valve can substitute by two flow-controlling gates, and the installation site of three way flow control valve can also be adjusted in the pipeline behind the first throttle valve outlet port.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction.Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet is not in order to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not breaking away under the technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement that technical solution of the present invention is made many possible changes and modification, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention according to any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. automotive air-conditioning system, comprise heat generating components temperature control loop and the heat pump with refrigerant circulation circuit, wherein interchange of heat is carried out by the dual channel H Exch in refrigerant circulation circuit and heat generating components temperature control loop, the first flow of described dual channel H Exch is communicated with refrigerant circulation circuit, second runner of dual channel H Exch and heat generating components temperature control circuit communication;
Described automotive air-conditioning system has: refrigeration mode, heating mode, demist pattern, deice mode be totally four kinds of mode of operations, and described heat generating components temperature control loop all can be cooled off heat generating components under these four kinds of mode of operations;
Described heat pump comprises compressor, be positioned at vapour liquid separator, the temperature booster that heat is provided to the compartment that arranges respectively before the compressor inlet and provide to the compartment cold cooling vessel, be positioned at the compartment outer heat-exchanger outside the compartment; Described temperature booster and cooling vessel carry out heat supply, cooling or demist for described compartment according to the operating mode demand in the compartment;
Refrigerant leads to described temperature booster earlier after coming out from compressor, refrigerant is divided into two-way after described temperature booster comes out, this two-way can by control selectivity conducting wherein a road: wherein the first via lead to the compartment outer heat-exchanger and or the bypass flow path of described compartment outer heat-exchanger, again by the throttling of first throttle valve, then, refrigerant arrive again described dual channel H Exch first flow and or described cooling vessel;
Other the second road refrigerant is after described temperature booster comes out, by leading to the first flow of described dual channel H Exch after the second flow regulating valve throttling, and then to described compartment outer heat-exchanger.
2. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the refrigerant circulation circuit of described heat pump, two pipelines after described temperature booster comes out, wherein first via conducting under refrigeration mode, demist pattern, these three kinds of patterns of deice mode; The second tunnel conducting under heating mode.
3. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, is provided with the 3rd bypass flow path at described first throttle valve, described first throttle valve and the optionally conducting of described the 3rd bypass flow path when heating mode.
4. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described the 3rd bypass flow path that is arranged in parallel with described first throttle valve is provided with the break-make that second electromagnetic valve is controlled described the 3rd bypass flow path; Or be provided with check valve with described the 3rd bypass flow path that described first throttle valve is arranged in parallel, and described check valve is the direction conducting of leading to described compartment outer heat-exchanger from described dual channel H Exch.
5. according to claim 1-4 arbitrary described automotive air-conditioning system wherein, it is characterized in that, the first flow of described dual channel H Exch is provided with second bypass flow path as the bypass flow path of the first flow of described dual channel H Exch, described cooling vessel is provided with first bypass flow path as the bypass flow path of described cooling vessel, and first bypass flow path and second bypass flow path can be distinguished the conducting of controlled ground or deny.
6. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, at refrigeration mode, the demist pattern, during deice mode, refrigerant is by behind the first throttle valve of described heat pump, the first first flow by described dual channel H Exch or as second bypass flow path of the bypass flow path of the first flow of described dual channel H Exch, and then by described cooling vessel or as first bypass flow path of the bypass flow path of described cooling vessel, the i.e. first flow of described dual channel H Exch or its bypass flow path, with the setting of connecting between described cooling vessel or its bypass flow path.
7. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described heat pump is provided with first three-way solenoid valve, first three-way solenoid valve is arranged in the described temperature booster pipeline afterwards, first three-way solenoid valve is used for the second tunnel wherein one tunnel conducting that control is led to the first via of described compartment outer heat-exchanger direction or led to described second flow regulating valve, and another road cuts off.
8. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described first throttle valve, second flow regulating valve are electric expansion valve.
9. automotive air-conditioning system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, ventilation inlet at described temperature booster is provided with first air door, and first air door can step-less adjustment, thereby the adjusting by described first air door realizes the control and regulation of the ratio of the air quantity by temperature booster;
With or described automotive air-conditioning system in described compartment, also be provided with ptc heater, by optionally moving described ptc heater with the temperature of control in the compartment, and the wind in the described compartment is earlier by temperature booster, blow by described ptc heater and then in the compartment again when heating mode.
10. require arbitrary described automotive air-conditioning system according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that, described automotive air-conditioning system also comprises the blower fan of blowing in the compartment, when described heat pump is in the demist pattern, the wind that described blower fan is sent is to dehumidify by described cooling vessel earlier, again by being sent to behind the temperature booster in the compartment; Described temperature booster can heat or not heat optionally for the wind after dehumidifying according to the operating mode in the compartment, to guarantee the comfort level in the compartment.
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| CN103192681B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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